Physical activity, physical self-perception and depression symptoms in patients with major depressive disorder: a mediation analysis
- Physical inactivity is discussed as one of the most detrimental influences for lifestyle-related medical complications such as obesity, heart disease, hypertension, diabetes and premature mortality in in- and outpatients with major depressive disorder (MDD). In contrast, intervention studies indicate that moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) might reduce complications and depression symptoms itself. Self-reported data on depression [Beck-Depression-Inventory-II (BDI-II)], general habitual well-being (FAHW), self-esteem and physical self-perception (FAHW, MSWS) were administrated in a cross-sectional study with 76 in- and outpatients with MDD. MVPA was documented using ActiGraph wGT3X + ® accelerometers and fitness was measured using cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). Subgroups were built according to activity level (low PA defined as MVPA < 30 min/day, moderate PA defined as MVPA 30–45 min/day, high PA defined as MVPA > 45 min/day). Statistical analysis was performed using a Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis test, Spearman correlation and mediation analysis. BDI-II scores and MVPA values of in- and outpatients were comparable, but fitness differed between the two groups. Analysis of the outpatient group showed a negative correlation between BDI-II and MVPA. No association of inpatient MVPA and psychopathology was found. General habitual well-being and self-esteem mediated the relationship between outpatient MVPA and BDI-II. The level of depression determined by the BDI-II score was significantly higher in the outpatient low- and moderate PA subgroups compared to outpatients with high PA. Fitness showed no association to depression symptoms or well-being. To ameliorate depressive symptoms of MDD outpatients, intervention strategies should promote habitual MVPA and exercise exceeding the duration recommended for general health (≥ 30 min/day). Further studies need to investigate sufficient MVPA strategies to impact MDD symptoms in inpatient settings. Exercise effects seem to be driven by changes of well-being rather than increased physical fitness.
Author: | Esra GörgülüORCiDGND, Miriam Bieber, Tobias EngeroffORCiDGND, Kirsten Zabel, Semra Etyemez, David Prvulovic, Andreas ReifORCiDGND, Viola Oertel-KnöchelGND |
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-635747 |
DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-021-01299-z |
ISSN: | 1433-8491 |
Parent Title (English): | European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience |
Publisher: | Steinkopff; Springer |
Place of publication: | Darmstadt; Berlin; Heidelberg |
Document Type: | Article |
Language: | English |
Date of Publication (online): | 2021/07/19 |
Date of first Publication: | 2021/07/19 |
Publishing Institution: | Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg |
Release Date: | 2022/03/16 |
Tag: | MVPA; Major depressive disorder; Physical activity; Physical self-perception; Self-esteem |
Volume: | 271 |
Page Number: | 11 |
First Page: | 1205 |
Last Page: | 1215 |
Note: | Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. |
HeBIS-PPN: | 494696532 |
Institutes: | Psychologie und Sportwissenschaften |
Medizin | |
Dewey Decimal Classification: | 1 Philosophie und Psychologie / 15 Psychologie / 150 Psychologie |
6 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 61 Medizin und Gesundheit / 610 Medizin und Gesundheit | |
Sammlungen: | Universitätspublikationen |
Licence (German): | Creative Commons - Namensnennung 4.0 |