Blood gas levels, cardiovascular strain and cognitive performance during surgical mask and filtering face piece application
- Mask induced airway resistance and carbon dioxide rebreathing is discussed to impact gas exchange and to induce discomfort and impairments in cognitive performance. N = 23 healthy humans (13 females, 10 males; 23.5 ± 2.1 years) participated in this randomized crossover trial (3 arms, 48-h washout periods). During interventions participants wore either a surgical face mask (SM), a filtering face piece (FFP2) or no mask (NM). Interventions included a 20-min siting period and 20 min steady state cycling on an ergometer at 77% of the maximal heart rate (HR). Hemodynamic data (HR, blood pressure), metabolic outcomes (pulse derived oxygen saturation, capillary carbon dioxide (pCO2), and oxygen partial pressure (pO2), lactate, pH, base excess), subjective response (ability to concentrate, arousal, perceived exertion) and cognitive performance (Stroop Test) were assessed. Compared to NM, both masks increased pCO2 (NM 31.9 ± 3.3 mmHg, SM = 35.2 ± 4.0 mmHg, FFP2 = 34.5 ± 3.8 mmHg, F = 12.670, p < 0.001) and decreased pH (NM = 7.42 ± 0.03, SM = 7.39 ± 0.03, FFP2 = 7.39 ± 0.04, F = 11.4, p < 0.001) during exercise. The FFP2 increased blood pressure during exercise (NM = 158 ± 15 mmHg, SM = 159 ± 16 mmHg, FFP2 = 162 ± 17 mmHg, F = 3.21, p = 0.050), the SM increased HR during sitting (NM = 70 ± 8 bpm, SM = 74 ± 8 bpm, FFP2 = 73 ± 8 bpm, F = 4.70, p = 0.014). No mask showed any comparative effect on other hemodynamic, metabolic, subjective, or cognitive outcomes. Mask wearing leads to slightly increased cardiovascular stress and elevated carbon dioxide levels during exercise but did not affect cognitive performance or wellbeing.
Author: | Katharina Grimm, Daniel NiedererORCiDGND, Albert NienhausORCiDGND, Jan David Alexander GronebergORCiDGND, Tobias EngeroffORCiDGND |
---|---|
URN: | urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-696374 |
DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-13711-2 |
ISSN: | 2045-2322 |
Parent Title (English): | Scientific reports |
Publisher: | Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature |
Place of publication: | London |
Document Type: | Article |
Language: | English |
Date of Publication (online): | 2022/06/11 |
Date of first Publication: | 2022/06/11 |
Publishing Institution: | Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg |
Release Date: | 2023/12/05 |
Tag: | Clinical trials; Randomized controlled trials |
Volume: | 12 |
Issue: | art. 9708 |
Article Number: | 9708 |
Page Number: | 10 |
First Page: | 1 |
Last Page: | 10 |
Note: | Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. This research study was funded through the German “Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtspflege” (BGW). |
HeBIS-PPN: | 516754092 |
Institutes: | Psychologie und Sportwissenschaften |
Medizin | |
Dewey Decimal Classification: | 6 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 61 Medizin und Gesundheit / 610 Medizin und Gesundheit |
Sammlungen: | Universitätspublikationen |
Licence (German): | Creative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International |