Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Preprint (341)
- Article (195)
- Part of a Book (1)
- Other (1)
Has Fulltext
- yes (538)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (538)
Keywords
- Heavy Ion Experiments (11)
- Hadron-Hadron Scattering (8)
- Hadron-Hadron scattering (experiments) (5)
- Collective Flow (4)
- Quark-Gluon Plasma (4)
- Heavy-ion collision (3)
- Jets (3)
- Jets and Jet Substructure (3)
- guideline (3)
- Atomic force microscopy (2)
- Brownian dynamics simulation (2)
- COVID-19 (2)
- Diagnostik (2)
- Experimental nuclear physics (2)
- Experimental particle physics (2)
- Früherkennung (2)
- Heavy Quark Production (2)
- Lepton-Nucleon Scattering (experiments) (2)
- Mammakarzinom (2)
- Molecular dynamics simulation (2)
- Nachsorge (2)
- Particle Correlations and Fluctuations (2)
- Particle and resonance production (2)
- Richtlinie (2)
- Single molecule force spectroscopy (2)
- breast cancer (2)
- diagnosis (2)
- follow‑up (2)
- screening (2)
- von Willebrand factor (2)
- 5-lipoxygenase (1)
- Assessment (1)
- Bayesian (1)
- Bias (1)
- Bipolar disorder (1)
- Boosted Jets (1)
- Careers (1)
- Circadian (1)
- Collective Flow, (1)
- Decision making (1)
- Dispersal modes (1)
- Electroweak interaction (1)
- Functional traits (1)
- Genetics (1)
- Hadron-Hadron Scattering Heavy (1)
- Hadron-hadron interactions (1)
- Hard Scattering (1)
- Health care sector (1)
- Heavy Ion Experiment (1)
- Immunogenetics (1)
- Immunology (1)
- Jet Physics (1)
- Jet Substructure (1)
- Material budget (1)
- Medical education (1)
- Medical student (1)
- Migration (1)
- Multi-Parton Interactions (1)
- OSCE (1)
- Particle and Resonance Production (1)
- Particle correlations and fluctuations (1)
- Plant functional type (1)
- Practical skills (1)
- Primary hemostasis (1)
- Professions (1)
- Properties of Hadrons (1)
- Psychiatric disorders (1)
- Psychiatry (1)
- QCD (1)
- Quark Deconfinement (1)
- Quark Gluon Plasma (1)
- Quark Production (1)
- Quarkonium (1)
- Relativistic heavy-ion collisions (1)
- Seasonal variation (1)
- Seed mass (1)
- Seed morphology (1)
- Solar insolation (1)
- Suicide (1)
- Sunlight (1)
- Surgeons (1)
- Surgical and invasive medical procedures (1)
- Undergraduates (1)
- Vector Boson Production (1)
- achievement gaps (1)
- acne inversa (1)
- anti-bacterial agents (1)
- anti-inflammatory agent (1)
- antibiotics (1)
- boswellic acid (1)
- calibration (1)
- cathepsin (1)
- clindamycin (1)
- detector (1)
- doxycycline (1)
- efficacy (1)
- elementary school (1)
- experimental results (1)
- frankincense (1)
- hidradenitis suppurativa (1)
- hierarchical models (1)
- item response theory (1)
- large-scale assessment (1)
- learning loss (1)
- microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase (1)
- minocycline (1)
- outcome (1)
- reading achievement (1)
- reading comprehension (1)
- rifampicin (1)
- rifampin (1)
- school closure (1)
- simulation (1)
- small samples (1)
- student achievement (1)
- systematic review (1)
- tetracycline (1)
- therapeutics (1)
- therapy (1)
- treatment (1)
- triterpene acid (1)
Institute
- Physik (502)
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS) (471)
- Informatik (454)
- Medizin (12)
- Informatik und Mathematik (3)
- Biochemie und Chemie (2)
- Pharmazie (2)
- Psychologie und Sportwissenschaften (2)
- Center for Membrane Proteomics (CMP) (1)
- Geschichtswissenschaften (1)
Background: The Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is increasingly used at medical schools to assess practical competencies. To compare the outcomes of students at different medical schools, we introduced standardized OSCE stations with identical checklists.
Methods: We investigated examiner bias at standardized OSCE stations for knee- and shoulder-joint examinations, which were implemented into the surgical OSCE at five different medical schools. The checklists for the assessment consisted of part A for knowledge and performance of the skill and part B for communication and interaction with the patient. At each medical faculty, one reference examiner also scored independently to the local examiner. The scores from both examiners were compared and analysed for inter-rater reliability and correlation with the level of clinical experience. Possible gender bias was also evaluated.
Results: In part A of the checklist, local examiners graded students higher compared to the reference examiner; in part B of the checklist, there was no trend to the findings. The inter-rater reliability was weak, and the scoring correlated only weakly with the examiner’s level of experience. Female examiners rated generally higher, but male examiners scored significantly higher if the examinee was female.
Conclusions: These findings of examiner effects, even in standardized situations, may influence outcome even when students perform equally well. Examiners need to be made aware of these biases prior to examining.
The von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a glycoprotein in the blood that plays a central role in hemostasis. Among other functions, VWF is responsible for platelet adhesion at sites of injury via its A1 domain. Its adjacent VWF domain A2 exposes a cleavage site under shear to degrade long VWF fibers in order to prevent thrombosis. Recently, it has been shown that VWF A1/A2 interactions inhibit the binding of platelets to VWF domain A1 in a force-dependent manner prior to A2 cleavage. However, whether and how this interaction also takes place in longer VWF fragments as well as the strength of this interaction in the light of typical elongation forces imposed by the shear flow of blood remained elusive. Here, we addressed these questions by using single molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS), Brownian dynamics (BD), and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Our SMFS measurements demonstrate that the A2 domain has the ability to bind not only to single A1 domains but also to VWF A1A2 fragments. SMFS experiments of a mutant [A2] domain, containing a disulfide bond which stabilizes the domain against unfolding, enhanced A1 binding. This observation suggests that the mutant adopts a more stable conformation for binding to A1. We found intermolecular A1/A2 interactions to be preferred over intramolecular A1/A2 interactions. Our data are also consistent with the existence of two cooperatively acting binding sites for A2 in the A1 domain. Our SMFS measurements revealed a slip-bond behavior for the A1/A2 interaction and their lifetimes were estimated for forces acting on VWF multimers at physiological shear rates using BD simulations. Complementary fitting of AFM rupture forces in the MD simulation range adequately reproduced the force response of the A1/A2 complex spanning a wide range of loading rates. In conclusion, we here characterized the auto-inhibitory mechanism of the intramolecular A1/A2 bond as a shear dependent safeguard of VWF, which prevents the interaction of VWF with platelets.
The COVID-19 pandemic led to numerous governments deciding to close schools for several weeks in spring 2020. Empirical evidence on the impact of COVID-19-related school closures on academic achievement is only just emerging. The present work aimed to provide a first systematic overview of evidence-based studies on general and differential effects of COVID-19-related school closures in spring 2020 on student achievement in primary and secondary education. Results indicate a negative effect of school closures on student achievement, specifically in younger students and students from families with low socioeconomic status. Moreover, certain measures can be identified that might mitigate these negative effects. The findings are discussed in the context of their possible consequences for national educational policies when facing future school closures.
Background: Tetracyclines and clindamycin plus rifampicin combination therapy are both considered first-line therapy in current hidradenitis suppurativa guidelines. However, evidence for their efficacy is drawn from small studies, often without validated outcomes. Objective: To assess the 12-week efficacy of oral tetracyclines and a combination of clindamycin and rifampicin. Methods: A prospective, international cohort study performed between October 2018 and August 2019. Results: In total, 63.6% of the included 283 patients received oral tetracyclines, and 36.4% were treated with clindamycin and rifampicin. Both groups showed a significant decrease in International Hidradenitis Suppurativa Severity Score System from baseline (both P < .001). The Hidradenitis Suppurativa Clinical Response (HiSCR) was achieved in 40.1% and 48.2% of patients, respectively (P = .26). Patient characteristics or disease severity were not associated with the attainment of HiSCR or the minimal clinically important differences for the Dermatology Life Quality Index and pain. Limitations: Cohort study. Respectively, 23.9% and 19.4% of patients had to be excluded from the HiSCR analysis for the tetracycline and combination therapy group because of a low abscess and nodule count at baseline. Conclusion: This study shows significant efficacy of both tetracycline treatment and clindamycin and rifampicin combination therapy after 12 weeks in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. No significant differences in efficacy were observed between the 2 treatments, regardless of disease severity.
Age-related diseases, such as osteoarthritis, Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, are often associated with chronic unresolved inflammation. Neutrophils play central roles in this process by releasing tissue-degenerative proteases, such as cathepsin G, as well as pro-inflammatory leukotrienes produced by the 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) pathway. Boswellic acids (BAs) are pentacyclic triterpene acids contained in the gum resin of the anti-inflammatory remedy frankincense that target cathepsin G and 5-LO in neutrophils, and might thus represent suitable leads for intervention with age-associated diseases that have a chronic inflammatory component. Here, we investigated whether, in addition to BAs, other triterpene acids from frankincense interfere with 5-LO and cathepsin G. We provide a comprehensive analysis of 17 natural tetra- or pentacyclic triterpene acids for suppression of 5-LO product synthesis in human neutrophils. These triterpene acids were also investigated for their direct interference with 5-LO and cathepsin G in cell-free assays. Furthermore, our studies were expanded to 10 semi-synthetic BA derivatives. Our data reveal that besides BAs, several tetra- and pentacyclic triterpene acids are effective or even superior inhibitors of 5-LO product formation in human neutrophils, and in parallel, inhibit cathepsin G. Their beneficial target profile may qualify triterpene acids as anti-inflammatory natural products and pharmacological leads for intervention with diseases related to aging.
An optimized Bayesian hierarchical two-parameter logistic model for small-sample item calibration
(2019)
Accurate item calibration in models of item response theory (IRT) requires rather large samples. For instance, N > 500 respondents are typically recommended for the two-parameter logistic (2PL) model. Hence, this model is considered a large-scale application, and its use in small-sample contexts is limited. Hierarchical Bayesian approaches are frequently proposed to reduce the sample size requirements of the 2PL. This study compared the small-sample performance of an optimized Bayesian hierarchical 2PL (H2PL) model to its standard inverse Wishart specification, its nonhierarchical counterpart, and both unweighted and weighted least squares estimators (ULSMV and WLSMV) in terms of sampling efficiency and accuracy of estimation of the item parameters and their variance components. To alleviate shortcomings of hierarchical models, the optimized H2PL (a) was reparametrized to simplify the sampling process, (b) a strategy was used to separate item parameter covariances and their variance components, and (c) the variance components were given Cauchy and exponential hyperprior distributions. Results show that when combining these elements in the optimized H2PL, accurate item parameter estimates and trait scores are obtained even in sample sizes as small as N = 100. This indicates that the 2PL can also be applied to smaller sample sizes encountered in practice. The results of this study are discussed in the context of a recently proposed multiple imputation method to account for item calibration error in trait estimation.
Since 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on education worldwide. There is increased discussion of possible negative effects on students’ learning outcomes and the need for targeted support. We examined fourth graders’ reading achievement based on a school panel study, representative on the student level, with N = 111 elementary schools in Germany (total: N = 4,290 students, age: 9–10 years). The students were tested with the Progress in International Reading Literacy Study instruments in 2016 and 2021. The analysis focused on (1) total average differences in reading achievement between 2016 and 2021, (2) average differences controlling for student composition, and (3) changes in achievement gaps between student subgroups (i.e., immigration background, socio-cultural capital, and gender). The methodological approach met international standards for the analysis of large-scale assessments (i.e., multiple multi-level imputation, plausible values, and clustered mixed-effect regression). The results showed a substantial decline in mean reading achievement. The decline corresponds to one-third of a year of learning, even after controlling for changes in student composition. We found no statistically significant changes of achievement gaps between student subgroups, despite numerical tendencies toward a widening of achievement gaps between students with and without immigration background. It is likely that this sharp achievement decline was related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings are discussed in terms of further research needs, practical implications for educating current student cohorts, and educational policy decisions regarding actions in crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
The teaching of professional roles in medical education is an interdisciplinary concern. However, surgeons require specific standards of professionalism for certain context-based situations. In addition to communication, studies require collaboration, leadership, error-/conflict-management, patient-safety and decision-making as essential competencies for surgeons. Standards for corresponding competencies are defined in special chapters of the German National Competency-based Learning Objectives for Undergraduate Medical Education (NKLM; chapter 8, 10). The current study asks whether these chapters are adequately taught in surgical curricula. Eight German faculties contributed to analysing mapping data considering surgical courses of undergraduate programs. All faculties used the MERlin mapping platform and agreed on procedures for data collection and processing. Sub-competency and objective coverage, as well as the achievement of the competency level were mapped. Overall counts of explicit citations were used for analysis. Collaboration within the medical team is a strongly represented topic. In contrast, interprofessional cooperation, particularly in healthcare sector issues is less represented. Patient safety and dealing with errors and complications is most emphasized for the Manager/Leader, while time management, career planning and leadership are not addressed. Overall, the involvement of surgery in teaching the competencies of the Collaborator and Manager/Leader is currently low. However, there are indications of a curricular development towards explicit teaching of these roles in surgery. Moreover, implicitly taught roles are numerous, which indicates a beginning awareness of professional roles.
Introduction: Evidence from a number of open-label, uncontrolled studies has suggested that rituximab may benefit patients with autoimmune diseases who are refractory to standard-of-care. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and clinical outcomes of rituximab in several standard-of-care-refractory autoimmune diseases (within rheumatology, nephrology, dermatology and neurology) other than rheumatoid arthritis or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a real-life clinical setting.
Methods: Patients who received rituximab having shown an inadequate response to standard-of-care had their safety and clinical outcomes data retrospectively analysed as part of the German Registry of Autoimmune Diseases. The main outcome measures were safety and clinical response, as judged at the discretion of the investigators.
Results: A total of 370 patients (299 patient-years) with various autoimmune diseases (23.0% with systemic lupus erythematosus, 15.7% antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated granulomatous vasculitides, 15.1% multiple sclerosis and 10.0% pemphigus) from 42 centres received a mean dose of 2,440 mg of rituximab over a median (range) of 194 (180 to 1,407) days. The overall rate of serious infections was 5.3 per 100 patient-years during rituximab therapy. Opportunistic infections were infrequent across the whole study population, and mostly occurred in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. There were 11 deaths (3.0% of patients) after rituximab treatment (mean 11.6 months after first infusion, range 0.8 to 31.3 months), with most of the deaths caused by infections. Overall (n = 293), 13.3% of patients showed no response, 45.1% showed a partial response and 41.6% showed a complete response. Responses were also reflected by reduced use of glucocorticoids and various immunosuppressives during rituximab therapy and follow-up compared with before rituximab. Rituximab generally had a positive effect on patient well-being (physician's visual analogue scale; mean improvement from baseline of 12.1 mm).
Conclusions: Data from this registry indicate that rituximab is a commonly employed, well-tolerated therapy with potential beneficial effects in standard of care-refractory autoimmune diseases, and support the results from other open-label, uncontrolled studies.
Oral presentation from 4th International Conference of cGMP Generators, Effectors and Therapeutic Implications ; Regensburg, Germany. 19–21 June 2009 Background: An exaggerated pain sensitivity is the dominant feature of inflammatory and neuropathic pain both in the clinical setting and in experimental animal models. It manifests as pain in response to normally innocuous stimuli (allodynia), increased response to noxious stimuli (hyperalgesia) or spontaneous pain, and can persist long after the initial injury is resolved. Research over the last decades has revealed that several signaling pathways in the spinal cord essentially contribute to the pain sensitization. To test the contribution of cGMP produced by NO-sensitive guanylyl cyclase (NO-GC) to pain sensitization, we investigated the localization of NO-GC in the spinal cord and in dorsal root ganglia, and we characterized the nociceptive behavior of mice deficient in NO-GC (GC-KO mice). Results: We show that NO-GC (β1 subunit) is distinctly expressed in neurons of the mouse spinal cord, while its distribution in dorsal root ganglia is restricted to non-neuronal cells. GC-KO mice exhibited a considerably reduced nociceptive behavior in models of inflammatory or neuropathic pain, but their responses to acute pain were not impaired. Moreover, GC-KO mice failed to develop pain sensitization induced by spinal administration of drugs releasing NO. Surprisingly, during spinal nociceptive processing cGMP produced by NO-GC may activate signaling pathways different from cGMP-dependent protein kinase I (cGKI), while cGKI can be activated by natriuretic peptide receptor-B (NPR-B) dependent cGMP production. Conclusion: Taken together, our results provide evidence that NO-GC has a dominant role in the development of exaggerated pain sensitivity during inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Furthermore, beside the NO-mediated cGMP synthesis, cGMP produced by NPR-B contributes to pain sensitization by activation of cGKI.
Background: Bipolar disorder is associated with circadian disruption and a high risk of suicidal behavior. In a previous exploratory study of patients with bipolar I disorder, we found that a history of suicide attempts was associated with differences between winter and summer levels of solar insolation. The purpose of this study was to confirm this finding using international data from 42% more collection sites and 25% more countries. Methods: Data analyzed were from 71 prior and new collection sites in 40 countries at a wide range of latitudes. The analysis included 4876 patients with bipolar I disorder, 45% more data than previously analyzed. Of the patients, 1496 (30.7%) had a history of suicide attempt. Solar insolation data, the amount of the sun’s electromagnetic energy striking the surface of the earth, was obtained for each onset location (479 locations in 64 countries). Results: This analysis confirmed the results of the exploratory study with the same best model and slightly better statistical significance. There was a significant inverse association between a history of suicide attempts and the ratio of mean winter insolation to mean summer insolation (mean winter insolation/mean summer insolation). This ratio is largest near the equator which has little change in solar insolation over the year, and smallest near the poles where the winter insolation is very small compared to the summer insolation. Other variables in the model associated with an increased risk of suicide attempts were a history of alcohol or substance abuse, female gender, and younger birth cohort. The winter/summer insolation ratio was also replaced with the ratio of minimum mean monthly insolation to the maximum mean monthly insolation to accommodate insolation patterns in the tropics, and nearly identical results were found. All estimated coefficients were significant at p < 0.01. Conclusion: A large change in solar insolation, both between winter and summer and between the minimum and maximum monthly values, may increase the risk of suicide attempts in bipolar I disorder. With frequent circadian rhythm dysfunction and suicidal behavior in bipolar disorder, greater understanding of the optimal roles of daylight and electric lighting in circadian entrainment is needed.
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease of the hair follicles leading to painful lesions, associated with increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Numerous guidelines recommend antibiotics like clindamycin and rifampicin in combination, as first-line systemic therapy in moderate-to-severe forms of inflammation. HS has been proposed to be mainly an auto-inflammatory disease associated with but not initially provoked by bacteria. Therefore, it has to be assumed that the pro-inflammatory milieu previously observed in HS skin is not solely dampened by the bacteriostatic inhibition of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase. To further clarify the mechanism of anti-inflammatory effects of rifampicin, ex vivo explants of lesional HS from 8 HS patients were treated with rifampicin, and its effect on cytokine production, immune cells as well as the expression of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) were investigated. Analysis of cell culture medium of rifampicin-treated HS explants revealed an anti-inflammatory effect of rifampicin that significantly inhibiting interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α production. Immunohistochemistry of the rifampicin-treated explants suggested a tendency for it to reduce the expression of TLR2 while not affecting the number of immune cells.
Seed dispersal is hard to measure, and there is still a lack of knowledge about dispersal-related traits of plant species. Therefore, we developed D3, the Dispersal and Diaspore Database (available at
www.seed-dispersal.info), which aims at simplifying ecological and evolutionary analyses by providing and integrating various items related to seed dispersal: empirical studies, functional traits, image analyses and ranking indices (quantifying the adaptation to dispersal modes).
Currently, the database includes data for more than 5000 taxa and 33 items as well as digital images of diaspores (i.e. the dispersal units), seeds, fruits and infructescences. The included items cover common traits like diaspore mass, size, shape, terminal velocity and seed number per diaspore. Furthermore, we present newly or further developed items like ecomorphological categorizations of the diaspore and fruit as well as information from literature on prevailing dispersal modes. Finally, we introduce several items which are not covered in other databases yet: surface structure and form of the diaspore, the exposure of the diaspores in the infructescence and dispersal rankings. Dispersal rankings allow estimations of how well certain species are adapted to a specific dispersal mode in comparison to a larger species set. They are calculated as the percentile rank of an indicator of species’ dispersal potential in relation to a larger species set.
Especially for the new and further developed items we outline the basic concepts in detail, describe the measurement and categorization methods and show how to interpret and integrate these data for single species as well as for larger species sets. Thereby, we calculate baseline statistics of seed dispersal of the Central European flora. We found that diaspores of 72% of the taxa show specializations related to long-distance dispersal, i.e. most often elongated appendages or nutrient-rich tissues. Diaspore masses, sizes and terminal velocities vary over several orders of magnitude and can be approximated by lognormal distributions.
Im Rahmen des von der KfW Stiftung geförderten Artenschutzprojektes „Erhaltungskulturen von bedrohten Pflanzen in Hessen“ wurden in den Jahren 2014–2018 von 15 gefährdeten Pflanzenarten in verschiedenen Regionen Hessens Samen gesammelt und im Botanischen Garten der Stadt Frankfurt am Main vermehrt. In Zusammenarbeit mit Naturschutzbehörden, Forstämtern und Naturschutzverbänden wurden dokumentierte Wiederansiedlungsmaßnahmen oder Populationsstärkungen durchgeführt. Überzähliges Saatgut wurde im Botanischen Garten eingefroren und kann für zukünftige Artenschutzprojekte verwendet werden. Bei den 15 gefährdeten Arten handelt es sich um Allium strictum, Festuca albensis, Fumana procumbens, Iris spuria, Jurinea cyanoides, Mibora minima, Moenchia erecta, Nigella arvensis, Poa badensis, Scleranthus verticillatus, Sedum villosum, Spergula pentandra, Ventenata dubia, Veronica acinifolia und Vicia orobus. Alle diese Arten sind als Verantwortungsarten Bestandteil der hessischen Biodiversitätsstrategie. Im Jahr 2021, also drei Jahre nach dem Ende des Projektes, ergab eine Erfolgskontrolle folgendes Ergebnis: Von insgesamt 50 Wiederansiedlungsversuchen an 34 Orten sind immerhin 25 (50 %) erfolgreich. Weitere 5 (10 %) sind möglicherweise ebenfalls gelungen, jedoch sind die neu begründeten Populationen sehr klein. Eindeutig misslungen sind 20 (40 %). Die Gründe für das Misslingen sind meist klar erkennbar und werden thematisiert: Manchmal war der Zielort ungünstig gewählt, oder die verwendete Ansiedlungsmethode erwies sich als ungeeignet. Das Projekt konnte dazu beitragen, unser Wissen über Ökologie und Verbreitung sowie Gefährdung und Schutzbedarf dieser Verantwortungsarten teils erheblich zu vermehren. Damit leistet es auch einen Beitrag zum Schutz der bereits bestehenden Altpopulationen.
In diesem Artikel und weiteren geplanten Folgen werden Ergänzungen, Nachträge, Erläuterungen und Korrekturen sowohl zum von der Taunusflora (Wittig & al. 2022) erfassten Gebiet (Vortaunus, Hoher Taunus, kammnaher Hintertaunus) als auch zum bisher nicht bearbeiteten kammfernen Bereich des Hintertaunus publiziert. Bei den bisherigen Ergänzungen und Nachträgen handelt es sich um die Ergebnisse der Nachbestimmung eines Belegs (Allium christophii), den Fund einer für das Gebiet bisher nicht genannten Art (Hylotelephium vulgare) sowie um Hinweise auf ältere Funde (Bolboschoenus maritimus, Polystichum lonchitis) und einen neueren Fund (Luronium natans). Weiterhin werden die wichtigsten Ergebnisse der Begehungen sechs kammferner Rasterfelder präsentiert (Rote-Liste- und sonstige seltene Arten). Als selten werden diejenigen Arten angesehen, die im bisherigen Kartierungsgebiet in maximal 5 % (= 26) der insgesamt 523 Rasterfelder gefunden wurden. Außerdem werden in der Taunusflora enthaltene Fehler korrigiert.
Buchbesprechungen
(2023)
Folgende Publikationen werden rezensiert: Garve & al.: Verbreitungsatlas Niedersachsen, Hölzel & al.: Stromtalwiesen, Lübcke & Frede: Naturschutzgebiete in Hessen Band 4, Notizbuch 68 der Kasseler Schule, Riecken & al.: Rote Liste Biotoptypen, Schulz & Dengler: Verbreitungsatlas Moose Schleswig-Holstein, Szabo: Wandern – Erkennen – Heilen
Buchbesprechungen
(2016)
Es werden folgende Publikation rezensiert: Ackermann & Sachteleben: Identifizierung der Hotspots der Biologischen Vielfalt in Deutschland; Bellin-Harder: In der Schwebe. Vegetationsdynamik und Pflegeprognostik. Ein vegetationskundlicher Beitrag zur Gartendenkmalpflege am Beispiel der Löwenburg im Bergpark Wilhelmshöhe, Kassel; Düll & Kutzelnigg: Taschenlexikon der Pflanzen Deutschlands und angrenzender Länder. Die wichtigsten mitteleuropäischen Arten im Porträt; Nassauischer Verein für Naturkunde: Zwischen Mittelrhein und Taunus. Naturschätze in Lorch am Rhein; Parolly & Rohwer: Schmeil-Fitschen. Die Flora Deutschlands und der angrenzenden Länder; Pusch et al: Die Botaniker Thüringens.
Es wird über die Verbreitung von Elymus elongatus (Host) Runemark subsp. ponticus (Podpera) Melderis in Hessen und benachbarten Bundesländern berichtet. Die Art wird seit 1982 beobachtet. Herkunft und Einbürgerungstendenz sowie mögliche Verwechslungen mit Elymus hispidus (Opiz) Melderis werden diskutiert. Zu den 45 Fundorten werden detaillierte Angaben gemacht, um Einbürgerung und mögliche Ausbreitung rekonstruieren zu können. Eine Punktrasterkarte ist als Verbreitungsübersicht beigefügt.
2011 wurden Gräben der Oberrheinebene auf ihren Makrophytenbestand untersucht. Die Mehrzahl der Gräben wies keine bemerkenswerten Pflanzenvorkommen auf. Callitriche obtusangula gehört allerdings zu den im Gebiet offenbar relativ weit verbreiteten Arten. Bemerkenswert ist der Bereich innerhalb einer Altrheinschlinge zwischen Geinsheim, Leeheim und Wallerstädten, wo in kleinen Gräben, deren Umgebung intensiv ackerbaulich genutzt wird, bemerkenswerte Arten wie Nitella capillaris, Ranunculus lingua, Samolus valerandi und Utricularia vulgaris vorkommen. Die Neuanlage von Gräben in diesem Bereich wird empfohlen.
Es wird über die Herkunft von Lysichiton americanum aus Anpflanzungen und dessen Verbreitung im Gebiet des Großen Feldbergs im Taunus (Hessen, Deutschland) berichtet, Die bekanntgewordenen Fundorte aus den Jahren 1982 bis 1992 werden beschrieben und auf einer Verbreitungskarte dargestellt. Auf Ausbreitungstendenzen von Lysichiton americanum und die dadurch mögliche Gefährdung der autochthonen Bachauenvegetation wird hingewiesen.
Im Rahmen einer hessenweiten Untersuchung wurden etwa 70 künstliche Stillgewässer – Kiesgruben, Tagebaurestseen, Fischteiche – auf das Vorkommen von Wasserpflanzen untersucht.
Die Untersuchung erbrachte den Nachweis von 78 Taxa, darunter 59 Arten Höherer Pflanzen und 19 Arten Characeen. Rund 25 % der nachgewiesnen Arten sind in der Roten Liste des Landes Hessen aufgeführt. Einige der nachgewiesenen Arten galten als verschollen. Von herausragender Bedeutung sind Kiesgruben in der Untermain- und Oberrhein-ebene, wo bis zu 10 Characeen-Arten in einem Gewässer nachgewiesen werden konnten. Von bundesweiter Bedeutung sind Funde von Nitella confervacea, N. tenuissima, Tolypella glomerata, T. intricata und T. prolifera. Als weit häufiger als erwartet erwies sich Potamogeton trichoides, die in allen Untersuchungsbereichen festgestellt wurde. Elodea nuttallii ist in den untersuchten Gewässern deutlich häufiger als E. canadensis. Sehr stark als Vogelrastplatz genutzte Teiche in der Wetterau zeigen, offenbar bedingt durch den Nährstoffeintrag durch Wasservögel, eine deutliche Eutrophierung.
Aus Hessen war Brachypodium rupestre bisher nur von einem Fundort veröffentlicht. Durch gezielte Suche und einen Zufallsfund kamen in den letzten Jahren fünf weitere hinzu. Die Wuchsorte sind anthropogene Böschungen von Straßen und Hochwasserrückhaltebecken, nur in einem Fall wachsen die Pflanzen auf einem naturnahen Standort in einer extensiv bewirtschafteten Stromtalwiese. Die Vorkommen gehen wahrscheinlich alle auf Ansaat zurück, entweder auf direkte Ansaat am Wuchsort oder ausgehend von den Primärpopulationen auf Verdriftung der Diasporen mit Hochwässern. Die Art ist in Hessen als eingebürgerter Neophyt einzustufen.
Zur Schließung von Kenntnislücken zur Flora der Gewässer Hessens wurden 2009 von der BVNH neun Altarme von Rhein und Main untersucht. Die Ergeb-nisse zeigen, dass viele als sehr selten oder verschollen geltende Gewässermakrophyten noch oder wieder in den Altarmen des hessischen Oberrheinabschnitts zu finden sind. Insgesamt wurden 51 Arten nachgewiesen, darunter fünf Armleuchteralgen.
Zweizahn-Melden-Ufergesellschaften : Bidentetea tripartitae Tüxen, Lohmeyer & Preising in Tüxen 1943
(1990)
Zweizahn-Melden-Ufergesellschaften besiedeln Standorte, die vom Winter bis in das Frühjahr hinein lange unter Wasser stehen und wo nach Rückzug des Hochwassers offene Böden zurückbleiben oder neue Sedimente abgelagert werden. Auf diesen häufig sehr nährstoffreichen (stickstoffreichen) Schlammböden, die erst spät im Jahr abzutrocknen beginnen, entwickelt sich innerhalb von nur drei bis fünf Monaten eine Pioniervegetation aus Sommerannuellen, die im August und September optimal entwickelte Aspekte zeigt und danach rasch abstirbt. Flußmelden-Gesellschaften (Verband Chenopodion rubri) besiedeln vor allem Flußufer, während Zweizahn-Gesellschaften (Verband Bidention tripartitae) häufiger an Teich- und Grabenufern, nassen Wegrändern sowie landwirtschaftlich beeinflußten Plätzen wachsen.