Institutes
Refine
Year of publication
- 2021 (104) (remove)
Document Type
- Article (69)
- Doctoral Thesis (24)
- Preprint (7)
- Bachelor Thesis (2)
- Master's Thesis (2)
Has Fulltext
- yes (104)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (104) (remove)
Keywords
- Cryoelectron microscopy (3)
- Atomic and molecular interactions with photons (2)
- Black holes (2)
- FEBID (2)
- Quantum field theory (2)
- Relativistic heavy-ion collisions (2)
- SARS-CoV-2 (2)
- artificial intelligence (2)
- 1/c 2 electronic Hamiltonian (1)
- 2D materials (1)
- AGB star (1)
- ALICE (1)
- ALICE upgrade (1)
- AdS-CFT Correspondence (1)
- Antimicrobial resistance (1)
- Astrophysics (1)
- Attosecond science (1)
- Bacterial structural biology (1)
- Baryonic resonances (1)
- Binary pulsars (1)
- Biochemistry (1)
- Bioenergetics (1)
- Biophysics (1)
- Bohmian mechanics (1)
- CBM Experiment (1)
- COVID 19 (1)
- Charge change (1)
- Color superconductivity (1)
- Compact binary stars (1)
- Compact objects (1)
- Computational Data Analysis (1)
- Computational biophysics (1)
- Continuous Integration (1)
- Control System (1)
- Cosmology (1)
- Current-curent interaction (1)
- Dark energy (1)
- Dark matter (1)
- Diamagnetism (1)
- Diseases (1)
- EPICS (1)
- Electronic properties and materials (1)
- Electronic structure of atoms and molecules (1)
- Energy transfer (1)
- Enzyme mechanisms (1)
- Epidemiological statistics (1)
- Epidemiology (1)
- FAIR (1)
- Ferroelectrics and multiferroics (1)
- Finite baryon density (1)
- Finite temperature field theory (1)
- Fixed-target experiments (1)
- Floquet theory (1)
- Fluctuation Spectroscopy (1)
- Fluctuations (1)
- Free neutron targ (1)
- Freezeout (1)
- Friedman equation (1)
- GEM (1)
- GSI (1)
- Gabor Lens (1)
- Gauge theories (1)
- Gauge-gravity correspondence (1)
- Gene expression analysis (1)
- General relativity (1)
- Genetic engineering (1)
- Gravitational Waves (1)
- Gravitational collapse (1)
- Gross-Neveu model (1)
- Heavy-ion collisions (1)
- Heavy-ion reactions (1)
- High-energy neutron detection (1)
- Hochenergiephysik (1)
- Hydrodynamic models (1)
- Infrared spectroscopy (1)
- Lattice QCD (1)
- Lattice field theory (1)
- Li-ion batteries (1)
- Li1.3Nb0.3Mn0.4O2 (1)
- Lipids (1)
- Magnetic properties and materials (1)
- Magnetism (1)
- Many-body (1)
- Materials science (1)
- Mathematics and computing (1)
- Membrane and lipid biology (1)
- Membranes (1)
- Metasurfaces (1)
- Micro Vertex Detector (1)
- Momentum Spectrometry (1)
- Multi-neutron detection (1)
- Multimessenger (1)
- Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model (1)
- Nanoscale materials (1)
- Neutron Star (1)
- Neutron stars (1)
- Neutron-induced reaction cross sections (1)
- Non-relativistic QED (1)
- Nonperturbative Effects (1)
- Nonperturbative effects in field theory (1)
- Nuclear Physics (1)
- Nucleosynthesis-Star (1)
- Numerical Relativity (1)
- PELDOR/DEER spectroscopy (1)
- Palatini (1)
- Pandemics (1)
- Peptides and proteins (1)
- Permeation and transport (1)
- Phase diagram (1)
- Phase transitions and critical phenomena (1)
- Physics (1)
- Plasma membrane (1)
- Plastic scintillator array (1)
- Protein homeostasis (1)
- Proteins (1)
- Protyposis (1)
- QCD equation of state (1)
- Quantum chromodynamics (1)
- Quantum information (1)
- Quark-gluon plasma (1)
- Reactions with relativistic radioactive beams (1)
- Relativistic kinetic theory (1)
- Riccati equation (1)
- Scattering-type Scanning Near-field Optical Microscopy (1)
- Short-lived nuclei (1)
- Simulation and modeling (1)
- Social distancing (1)
- Social systems (1)
- Spintronics (1)
- Stellar remnants (1)
- Storage rings (1)
- Strong coupling expansion (1)
- Structural biology (1)
- Superconducting properties and materials (1)
- Surrogate-reaction method (1)
- THz (1)
- TPC (1)
- TeraFET (1)
- Two-dimensional materials (1)
- X-ray crystallography (1)
- X-rays (1)
- abundances (1)
- adhesion (1)
- adsorption (1)
- antiviral signaling (1)
- application (1)
- applications of teraherz imaging (1)
- asymptotic giant branch stars (1)
- attosecond spectroscopy (1)
- binary neutron star merger (1)
- charcoal (1)
- chemically peculiar stars (1)
- chiral perturbation theory (1)
- chiral symmetry restoration (1)
- circuit analysis (1)
- circumstellar dust (1)
- closed orbit feedback system (1)
- computational imaging (1)
- conformational dynamics (1)
- correlated electrons (1)
- cosmological constant (1)
- coupled oscillators (1)
- cyclotron (1)
- damage detection (1)
- dark energy (1)
- decision making (1)
- desorption (1)
- detector (1)
- diffractive optics (1)
- echo-state networks (1)
- effective field theories (1)
- electron–phonon coupling (1)
- emotion theory (1)
- endothelial cells (1)
- excitation (1)
- extended Einstein gravity (1)
- famotidine (1)
- fatigue testing (1)
- feelings (emotions) (1)
- field-effect transistor (1)
- finite-temperature quantum-field theory (1)
- galactic chemical evolution (1)
- gauge theory (1)
- generalized uncertainty principle (1)
- geodesic equation (1)
- glass fiber reinforced materials (1)
- granulare Metalle (1)
- gravitation (1)
- heavy-ion physics (1)
- heavy-ions (1)
- heavy-quark effective theory (1)
- high-energy physics (1)
- high-resolution momentum spectroscopy (1)
- highly-charged ions (1)
- histamine (1)
- homeostasis (1)
- inflammation (1)
- inhomogeneous phases (1)
- injection (1)
- interferometry (1)
- isotopic abundance (1)
- leukocytes (1)
- line density (1)
- line element (1)
- linear sigma mode (1)
- low-dose irradiation (1)
- low-mass dilepton (1)
- magnetic fields (1)
- magnetic susceptibility (1)
- many particle entanglement (1)
- mass degeneracy (1)
- mathematical and relativistic aspects of cosmology (1)
- mean-field (1)
- membrane proteins (1)
- metric tensor (1)
- moat regime (1)
- multi-orbital Hubbard model (1)
- multicoincidence imaging (1)
- non-perturbative methods (1)
- noncommutative geometry (1)
- nonlinear dynamical systems (1)
- nuclear reaction cross-sections (1)
- nucleosynthesis (1)
- on-chip solutions (1)
- oscillators (1)
- particle-theory and field-theory models of the early universe (1)
- phase diagram (1)
- phase noise (1)
- plasma ion beam interaction (1)
- polarons (1)
- presolar grain (1)
- protein structures (1)
- quadratic Lagrangian (1)
- quadratic temperature dependent resistivity (1)
- quantum gravity (1)
- quantum hydrodynamics (1)
- quantum mechanics (1)
- quark-gluon plasma (1)
- quark-gluon plasma temperature (1)
- radar-based structural health monitoring (1)
- radon (1)
- reaction rate (1)
- recurrent networks (1)
- relativistic collisions (1)
- relativity and gravitation (1)
- reservoir computing (1)
- rfq (1)
- s-process (1)
- shear stress (1)
- simulation (1)
- specific heat (1)
- spectral radius (1)
- spectroscopy (1)
- stability analysis (1)
- stellar abundances (1)
- storage rings (1)
- strongly correlated electrons (1)
- strontium vanadate epitaxial films (1)
- structural biology (1)
- synaptic scaling (1)
- synchronized oscillators (1)
- system analysis and design (1)
- target (1)
- terahertz emission (1)
- terahertz sensing (1)
- teraherz imaging systems (1)
- teraherz nano-imaging and nanoscopy (1)
- theory mind (1)
- thermodynamic functions and equations of state (1)
- theta-pinch (1)
- toll-like receptor (1)
- torsion (1)
- transport models quark-gluon plasma (1)
- two-point function (1)
- vanadium oxides (1)
- viscous cosmology (1)
- wave-function renormalization (1)
- wind turbine blades (1)
Institute
- Physik (104)
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS) (7)
- Buchmann Institut für Molekulare Lebenswissenschaften (BMLS) (4)
- ELEMENTS (3)
- MPI für Biophysik (3)
- Medizin (3)
- Biochemie, Chemie und Pharmazie (2)
- Exzellenzcluster Makromolekulare Komplexe (1)
- Helmholtz International Center for FAIR (1)
- Zentrum für Biomolekulare Magnetische Resonanz (BMRZ) (1)
The cosmological implications of the Covariant Canonical Gauge Theory of Gravity (CCGG) are investigated. CCGG is a Palatini theory derived from first principles using the canonical transformation formalism in the covariant Hamiltonian formulation. The Einstein-Hilbert theory is thereby extended by a quadratic Riemann-Cartan term in the Lagrangian. Moreover, the requirement of covariant conservation of the stress-energy tensor leads to necessary presence of torsion. In the Friedman universe that promotes the cosmological constant to a time-dependent function, and gives rise to a geometrical correction with the EOS of dark radiation. The resulting cosmology, compatible with the ΛCDM parameter set, encompasses bounce and bang scenarios with graceful exits into the late dark energy era. Testing those scenarios against low-z observations shows that CCGG is a viable theory.
In this roadmap article, we have focused on the most recent advances in terahertz (THz) imaging with particular attention paid to the optimization and miniaturization of the THz imaging systems. Such systems entail enhanced functionality, reduced power consumption, and increased convenience, thus being geared toward the implementation of THz imaging systems in real operational conditions. The article will touch upon the advanced solid-state-based THz imaging systems, including room temperature THz sensors and arrays, as well as their on-chip integration with diffractive THz optical components. We will cover the current-state of compact room temperature THz emission sources, both optolectronic and electrically driven; particular emphasis is attributed to the beam-forming role in THz imaging, THz holography and spatial filtering, THz nano-imaging, and computational imaging. A number of advanced THz techniques, such as light-field THz imaging, homodyne spectroscopy, and phase sensitive spectrometry, THz modulated continuous wave imaging, room temperature THz frequency combs, and passive THz imaging, as well as the use of artificial intelligence in THz data processing and optics development, will be reviewed. This roadmap presents a structured snapshot of current advances in THz imaging as of 2021 and provides an opinion on contemporary scientific and technological challenges in this field, as well as extrapolations of possible further evolution in THz imaging.
We examine the thermodynamic behavior of a static neutral regular (non-singular) black hole enclosed in a finite isothermal cavity. The cavity enclosure helps us investigate black hole systems in a canonical or a grand canonical ensemble. Here we demonstrate the derivation of the reduced action for the general metric of a regular black hole in a cavity by considering a canonical ensemble. The new expression of the action contains quantum corrections at short distances and concludes to the action of a singular black hole in a cavity at large distances. We apply this formalism to the noncommutative Schwarzschild black hole, in order to study the phase structure of the system. We conclude to a possible small/large stable regular black hole transition inside the cavity that exists neither at the system of a classical Schwarzschild black hole in a cavity, nor at the asymptotically flat regular black hole without the cavity. This phase transition seems to be similar with the liquid/gas transition of a Van der Waals gas.
When a very strong light field is applied to a molecule an electron can be ejected by tunneling. In order to quantify the time-resolved dynamics of this ionization process, the concept of the Wigner time delay can be used. The properties of this process can depend on the tunneling direction relative to the molecular axis. Here, we show experimental and theoretical data on the Wigner time delay for tunnel ionization of H2 molecules and demonstrate its dependence on the emission direction of the electron with respect to the molecular axis. We find, that the observed changes in the Wigner time delay can be quantitatively explained by elongated/shortened travel paths of the emitted electrons, which occur due to spatial shifts of the electrons’ birth positions after tunneling. Our work provides therefore an intuitive perspective towards the Wigner time delay in strong-field ionization.
Chiral symmetry represents a fundamental concept lying at the core of particle and nuclear physics. Its spontaneous breaking in vacuum can be exploited to distinguish chiral hadronic partners, whose masses differ. In fact, the features of this breaking serve as guiding principles for the construction of effective approaches of QCD at low energies, e.g., the chiral perturbation theory, the linear sigma model, the (Polyakov)–Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model, etc. At high temperatures/densities chiral symmetry can be restored bringing the chiral partners to be nearly degenerated in mass. At vanishing baryochemical potential, such restoration follows a smooth transition, and the chiral companions reach this degeneration above the transition temperature. In this work I review how different realizations of chiral partner degeneracy arise in different effective theories/models of QCD. I distinguish the cases where the chiral states are either fundamental degrees of freedom or (dynamically-generated) composed states. In particular, I discuss the intriguing case in which chiral symmetry restoration involves more than two chiral partners, recently addressed in the literature.
Quasi-universal behavior of the threshold mass in unequal-mass, spinning binary neutron star mergers
(2021)
The lifetime of the remnant produced by the merger of two neutron stars can provide a wealth of information on the equation of state of nuclear matter and on the processes leading to the electromagnetic counterpart. Hence, it is essential to determine when this lifetime is the shortest, corresponding to when the remnant has a mass equal to the threshold mass, Mth, to prompt collapse to a black hole. We report on the results of more than 360 simulations of merging neutron-star binaries covering 40 different configurations differing in mass ratio and spin of the primary. Using this data, we have derived a quasi-universal relation for Mth and expressed its dependence on the mass ratio and spin of the binary. The new expression recovers the results of Koeppel et al. for equal-mass, irrotational binaries and reveals that Mth can increase (decrease) by 5% (10%) for binaries that have spins aligned (antialigned) with the orbital angular momentum and provides evidence for a nonmonotonic dependence of Mth on the mass asymmetry in the system. Finally, we extend to unequal masses and spinning binaries the lower limits that can be set on the stellar radii once a neutron star binary is detected, illustrating how the merger of an unequal-mass, rapidly spinning binary can significantly constrain the allowed values of the stellar radii.
Based on recent perturbative and non-perturbative lattice calculations with almost quark flavors and the thermal contributions from photons, neutrinos, leptons, electroweak particles, and scalar Higgs bosons, various thermodynamic quantities, at vanishing net-baryon densities, such as pressure, energy density, bulk viscosity, relaxation time, and temperature have been calculated up to the TeV-scale, i.e., covering hadron, QGP, and electroweak (EW) phases in the early Universe. This remarkable progress motivated the present study to determine the possible influence of the bulk viscosity in the early Universe and to understand how this would vary from epoch to epoch. We have taken into consideration first- (Eckart) and second-order (Israel–Stewart) theories for the relativistic cosmic fluid and integrated viscous equations of state in Friedmann equations. Nonlinear nonhomogeneous differential equations are obtained as analytical solutions. For Israel–Stewart, the differential equations are very sophisticated to be solved. They are outlined here as road-maps for future studies. For Eckart theory, the only possible solution is the functionality, H(a(t)), where H(t) is the Hubble parameter and a(t) is the scale factor, but none of them so far could to be directly expressed in terms of either proper or cosmic time t. For Eckart-type viscous background, especially at finite cosmological constant, non-singular H(t) and a(t) are obtained, where H(t) diverges for QCD/EW and asymptotic EoS. For non-viscous background, the dependence of H(a(t)) is monotonic. The same conclusion can be drawn for an ideal EoS. We also conclude that the rate of decreasing H(a(t)) with increasing a(t) varies from epoch to epoch, at vanishing and finite cosmological constant. These results obviously help in improving our understanding of the nucleosynthesis and the cosmological large-scale structure.
Consequences of minimal length discretization on line element, metric tensor, and geodesic equation
(2021)
When minimal length uncertainty emerging from a generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) is thoughtfully implemented, it is of great interest to consider its impacts on gravitational Einstein field equations (gEFEs) and to try to assess consequential modifications in metric manifesting properties of quantum geometry due to quantum gravity. GUP takes into account the gravitational impacts on the noncommutation relations of length (distance) and momentum operators or time and energy operators and so on. On the other hand, gEFE relates classical geometry or general relativity gravity to the energy–momentum tensors, that is, proposing quantum equations of state. Despite the technical difficulties, we intend to insert GUP into the metric tensor so that the line element and the geodesic equation in flat and curved space are accordingly modified. The latter apparently encompasses acceleration, jerk, and snap (jounce) of a particle in the quasi-quantized gravitational field. Finite higher orders of acceleration apparently manifest phenomena such as accelerating expansion and transitions between different radii of curvature and so on.
The QCD phase-diagram is studied, at finite magnetic field. Our calculations are based on the QCD effective model, the SU(3) Polyakov linear-sigma model (PLSM), in which the chiral symmetry is integrated in the hadron phase and in the parton phase, the up-, down- and strange-quark degrees of freedom are incorporated besides the inclusion of Polyakov loop potentials in the pure gauge limit, which are motivated by various underlying QCD symmetries. The Landau quantization and the magnetic catalysis are implemented. The response of the QCD matter to an external magnetic field such as magnetization, magnetic susceptibility and permeability has been estimated. We conclude that the parton phase has higher values of magnetization, magnetic susceptibility, and permeability relative to the hadron phase. Depending on the contributions to the Landau levels, we conclude that the chiral magnetic field enhances the chiral quark condensates and hence the chiral QCD phase-diagram, i.e. the hadron-parton phase-transition likely takes place, at lower critical temperatures and chemical potentials.
Die vorliegende Dissertation stellt die Strahldynamikdesigns zweier Hochfrequenzquadrupol-Linearbeschleuniger bzw. Radio Frequency Quadrupoles (RFQs) vor: das fur den RFQ des Protonen-Linearbeschleunigers (p-Linac) des FAIR2-Projekts an der GSI3 Darmstadt sowie einen ersten Designentwurf für einen kompakten RFQ, der u.a. zur Erzeugung von Radioisotopen für medizinische Zwecke genutzt werden könnte. Der Schwerpunkt liegt auf dem ersten Design.