Refine
Author
- Engel, Andreas (91)
- Curtius, Joachim (85)
- Bönisch, Harald (53)
- Kürten, Christoph Andreas (49)
- Döll, Petra (42)
- Kulmala, Markku (39)
- Volk, C.-Michael (37)
- Duplissy, Jonathan (33)
- Kirkby, Jasper (32)
- Simon, Mario (31)
- Ahrens, Bodo (30)
- Petäjä, Tuukka (30)
- Schönwiese, Christian-Dietrich (30)
- Baltensperger, Urs (28)
- Bingemer, Heinz (28)
- Sipilä, Mikko (27)
- Donahue, Neil McPherson (26)
- Borrmann, Stephan (25)
- Worsnop, Douglas R. (25)
- Ehrhart, Sebastian (24)
- Rondo, Linda (24)
- Bianchi, Federico (23)
- Flagan, Richard C. (23)
- Hickler, Thomas (23)
- Lehtipalo, Katrianne (22)
- Stratmann, Frank (22)
- Dommen, Josef (21)
- Heinritzi, Martin (21)
- Tomé, Antonio (21)
- Hansel, Armin (20)
- Schiller, Cornelius (20)
- Tröstl, Jasmin (19)
- Wagner, Andrea Christine (19)
- Ebert, Martin (18)
- Ravegnani, Fabrizio (18)
- Wimmer, Daniela (18)
- Amorim, Antonio (17)
- Schobesberger, Siegfried (17)
- Cairo, Francesco (16)
- Franchin, Alessandro (15)
- Jokinen, Tuija (15)
- Müller, Rolf (15)
- Onnela, Antti (15)
- Schmidt, Ulrich (15)
- Williamson, Christina (15)
- Winkler, Paul M. (15)
- Bonn, Boris (14)
- Di Donfrancesco, Guido (14)
- Fuchs, Claudia (14)
- Hoyle, Christopher Robert (14)
- Laaksonen, Ari (14)
- Rissanen, Matti P. (14)
- Rose, Diana (14)
- Röckmann, Thomas (14)
- Schlager, Hans (14)
- Siebert, Stefan (14)
- Virtanen, Annele (14)
- Weingartner, Ernest (14)
- Dias, Antonio (13)
- Gerdes, Axel (13)
- Möhler, Ottmar (13)
- Oelhaf, Hermann (13)
- Riccobono, Francesco (13)
- Riipinen, Ilona (13)
- Yan, Chao (13)
- Almeida, Joao (12)
- Bundke, Ulrich (12)
- Frege, Carla (12)
- Gordon, Hamish (12)
- Günther, Gebhard (12)
- Hoor, Peter (12)
- Junninen, Heikki (12)
- Laube, Johannes Christian (12)
- Schneider, Johannes (12)
- Staeger, Tim (12)
- Steiner, Gerhard (12)
- Wagner, Robert (12)
- Arneth, Almut (11)
- Carslaw, Kenneth S. (11)
- Grooß, Jens-Uwe (11)
- Keber, Timo (11)
- Konopka, Paul (11)
- Kupc, Agnieszka (11)
- Makhmutov, Vladimir (11)
- Mathot, Serge (11)
- Nillius, Björn (11)
- Portmann, Felix Theodor (11)
- Praplan, Arnaud Patrick (11)
- Schuck, Tanja J. (11)
- Semmel, Arno (11)
- Sturges, William T. (11)
- Vogel, Alexander L. (11)
- Weinbruch, Stephan (11)
- Breitenlechner, Martin (10)
- Drevermann, Fritz Ernst (10)
- Grunow, Katja (10)
- Jacobi, Stefan (10)
- Kandler, Konrad (10)
- Leiminger, Markus (10)
- Mertes, Stephan (10)
- Möbius, Tanja (10)
- Nieminen, Tuomo (10)
- Riese, Martin (10)
- Rümpker, Georg (10)
- Sala, Stephan (10)
- Stroh, Fred (10)
- Toon, Geoffrey C. (10)
- Weigel, Ralf (10)
- Wetzel, Gerald (10)
- Wex, Heike (10)
- Atlas, Elliot L. (9)
- Dunne, Eimear M. (9)
- Gallagher, Martin William (9)
- Grieser, Jürgen (9)
- Haunold, Werner (9)
- Hense, Stefanie (9)
- Kangasluoma, Juha (9)
- Keskinen, Helmi (9)
- Kiselev, Alexei (9)
- Klimach, Thomas (9)
- Müller Schmied, Hannes (9)
- Nichman, Leonid (9)
- Püttmann, Wilhelm (9)
- Raddatz, Jacek (9)
- Schrod, Jann Erik (9)
- Ulanovsky, Alexey (9)
- Viciani, Silvia (9)
- Voigt, Silke (9)
- Wagner, Paul E. (9)
- Wernli, Heini (9)
- Ye, Penglin (9)
- Brilke, Sophia (8)
- Gysel, Martin (8)
- Hakala, Jani (8)
- Järvinen, Emma (8)
- Kristensen, Thomas Bjerring (8)
- Lawler, Michael Joseph (8)
- Mitev, Valentin (8)
- O'Doherty, Simon (8)
- Obersteiner, Florian (8)
- Peter, Thomas (8)
- Pfeilsticker, Klaus (8)
- Pross, Jörg (8)
- Quack, Birgit (8)
- Saathoff, Harald (8)
- Sarnela, Nina (8)
- Schmidli, Jürg (8)
- Smith, James N. (8)
- Stozhkov, Yuri (8)
- Trömel, Silke (8)
- Tsagkogeorgas, Georgios (8)
- Winkler, Björn (8)
- Zhang, Jing (8)
- Bergen, Anton (7)
- Birner, Thomas (7)
- Cagnazzo, Chiara (7)
- Chipperfield, Martyn P. (7)
- Danielczok, Anja (7)
- Fischer, Herbert (7)
- Frank, Fabian (7)
- Fries, Elke (7)
- Glatthor, Norbert (7)
- Harrison, Sandy P. (7)
- Hossaini, Ryan (7)
- Kim, Jaeseok (7)
- Levin, Ingeborg (7)
- Mills, Graham (7)
- Montzka, Stephen A. (7)
- Niedermeier, Dennis (7)
- Oram, David (7)
- Pöschl, Ulrich (7)
- Sengupta, Kamalika (7)
- Sitals, Robert (7)
- Stiller, Gabriele (7)
- Woiwode, Wolfgang (7)
- Yli-Juuti, Taina (7)
- Adriani, Alberto (6)
- Ahlm, Lars (6)
- Belyaev, Gennady (6)
- Bourtsoukidis, Efstratios (6)
- Brenninkmeijer, Carl (6)
- Brisson, Erwan (6)
- Camy-Peyret, Claude C. (6)
- Clarmann, Thomas von (6)
- Craven, Jill (6)
- El Haddad, Imad (6)
- Feng, Wuhu (6)
- Fiebig, Jens (6)
- Fierli, Federico (6)
- Forrest, Matthew (6)
- Gosling, Simon N. (6)
- Hegglin, Michaela I. (6)
- Hiranuma, Naruki (6)
- Hoker, Jesica (6)
- Höppel, Niko Florian (6)
- Ignatius, Karoliina (6)
- Kanji, Zamin A. (6)
- Klein, Holger (6)
- Krüger, Kirstin (6)
- Law, Kathy S. (6)
- MacKenzie, Robert A. (6)
- Marschall, Horst R. (6)
- Maucher, Guido (6)
- Metzger, Axel (6)
- Mikkilä, Jyri (6)
- Miller, Benjamin R. (6)
- Molteni, Ugo (6)
- Orphal, Johannes (6)
- Piel, Felix (6)
- Prentice, I. Colin (6)
- Prévôt, André Stephan Henry (6)
- Reinecke, Robert (6)
- Roiger, Anke (6)
- Santos, Filipe Duarte (6)
- Schallhart, Simon (6)
- Schnaiter, Martin (6)
- Seinfeld, John H. (6)
- Sitch, Stephen (6)
- Stefanutti, Leopoldo (6)
- Tegtmeier, Susann (6)
- Vogel, Bärbel (6)
- Voigt, Christiane (6)
- Walker, Kaley A. (6)
- Wennberg, Paul O. (6)
- Werner, Anja Sabine (6)
- Werner, Christian (6)
- Wetter, Thomas (6)
- Williams, Jonathan (6)
- Zahn, Andreas (6)
- Ziska, Franziska (6)
- Akhtar, Naveed (5)
- Andreae, Meinrat O. (5)
- Artaxo, Paulo (5)
- Bachelet, Dominique (5)
- Bayarjargal, Lkhamsuren (5)
- Bernhammer, Anne-Kathrin (5)
- Boose, Yvonne (5)
- Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus (5)
- D'Amato, Francesco (5)
- Danis, François (5)
- Dhimal, Meghnath (5)
- Ehn, Mikael (5)
- Elkins, James William (5)
- Eronen, Jussi (5)
- Fiedler, Kristina (5)
- Frenken, Karen (5)
- Grabowski, Udo (5)
- Guida, Roberto (5)
- Haase, Hans-Peter (5)
- Hantson, Stijn (5)
- Hartmann, Susan (5)
- Hauck, Marius (5)
- Higgins, Steven Ian (5)
- Hoogeveen, Jippe (5)
- Höpfner, Michael (5)
- Kellmann, Sylvia (5)
- Kerminen, Veli-Matti (5)
- Kesselmeier, Jürgen (5)
- Kleinert, Anne (5)
- Kontkanen, Jenni (5)
- Kupiszewski, Piotr (5)
- Lasslop, Gitta (5)
- Lavrič, Jost-Valentin (5)
- Li, Fang (5)
- Linden, Andrea (5)
- Manninen, Hanna Elina (5)
- Marzolff, Irene (5)
- Melton, Joe R. (5)
- Miettinen, Pasi (5)
- Mikhailov, Eugene (5)
- Ortega, Ismael K. (5)
- Ostermöller, Jennifer (5)
- Petters, Markus D. (5)
- Reimann, Bernd (5)
- Schmidt, Susan (5)
- Sierau, Berko (5)
- Slowik, Jay G. (5)
- Stacke, Tobias (5)
- Su, Hang (5)
- Tang, Qiuhong (5)
- Weber, Daniel (5)
- Woodland, Alan B. (5)
- Yue, Chao (5)
- Yushkov, Vladimir (5)
- Adamov, Alexey (4)
- Augustin-Bauditz, Stefanie (4)
- Batenburg, Sietske J. (4)
- Berkhoff, Karin (4)
- Beuermann, Jürgen (4)
- Blumenstock, Thomas (4)
- Borchers, Reinhard (4)
- Boy, Michael (4)
- Brinckmann, Sven (4)
- Brinkhuis, Henk (4)
- Brunner, Dominik (4)
- Budke, Carsten (4)
- Butz, Andre (4)
- Ciais, Philippe (4)
- Clark, Douglas B. (4)
- Corbin, Joel C. (4)
- Crevoisier, Cyril (4)
- Crounse, John D. (4)
- Cziczo, Daniel J. (4)
- DeMott, Paul J. (4)
- Deshler, Terry (4)
- Diehl, Karoline (4)
- Ditas, Florian (4)
- Dobler, Andreas (4)
- Dorf, Marcel (4)
- Dormoy, Isabelle (4)
- Drewnick, Frank (4)
- Eisner, Stephanie (4)
- Ern, Manfred (4)
- Evans, David (4)
- Faures, Jean-Marc (4)
- Feldmann, Hendrik (4)
- Flentje, Harald (4)
- Flörke, Martina (4)
- Frey, Wiebke (4)
- Friedl-Vallon, Felix (4)
- Gathen, Peter von der (4)
- Gautam, Ishan (4)
- Goutail, Florence (4)
- Gunthe, Sachin S. (4)
- Hardy, Anne (4)
- Harris, Neil R. P. (4)
- Hering, Philip (4)
- Hermann, Markus (4)
- Herrle, Jens Olaf (4)
- Herzog, Stephan (4)
- Hobe, Marc von (4)
- Hofbauer, Victoria (4)
- Homan, Carine Dorianne (4)
- Hunger, Martin (4)
- Huret, Nathalie (4)
- Jaun, Simon (4)
- Jimenez, Jose Luis (4)
- Jonas, Martin (4)
- Jöckel, Patrick (4)
- Kaplan, Jed O. (4)
- Keil, Andrea (4)
- Khattatov, Vyacheslav (4)
- Kiefer, Michael (4)
- Kiemle, Christoph (4)
- Kloster, Silvia (4)
- Knorr, Wolfgang (4)
- Kolonjari, Felicia (4)
- Koop, Thomas (4)
- Kothe, Steffen (4)
- Krebsbach, Michael (4)
- Krummel, Paul B. (4)
- Krämer, Martina (4)
- Kunkel, Daniel (4)
- Laeng, Alexandra (4)
- Lefrancois, Fides (4)
- Leisner, Thomas (4)
- Lelieveld, Johannes (4)
- Lelieveld, Jos (4)
- Levin, Zev (4)
- Lunder, Chris Rene (4)
- Luo, Beiping (4)
- Lüdecke, Tina (4)
- Mantle, Hannah (4)
- Marschall, Horst (4)
- Mauldin, Roy Lee (4)
- Mazzinghi, Piero (4)
- Membrive, Olivier (4)
- Mihalopoulos, Nikos (4)
- Moore, Fred (4)
- Mosbrugger, Volker (4)
- Mulch, Andreas (4)
- Mühle, Jens (4)
- Navarro, Maria A. (4)
- Nickovic, Slobodan (4)
- Nishina, Kazuya (4)
- Noone, Kevin (4)
- Notholt, Justus (4)
- O'Hara, Robert B. (4)
- Oki, Taikan (4)
- Olschewski, Friedhelm (4)
- Parchatka, Uwe (4)
- Pavlick, Ryan (4)
- Peyron, Oliver (4)
- Pinterich, Tamara (4)
- Pirre, Michel (4)
- Pommereau, Jean-Pierre (4)
- Primo, Cristina (4)
- Pyle, John A. (4)
- Rabin, Sam S. (4)
- Ray, Eric (4)
- Reichart, Gert-Jan (4)
- Ries, Johannes B. (4)
- Rolf, Christian (4)
- Rudakov, Vladimir V. (4)
- Rüggeberg, Andres (4)
- Saiz-Lopez, Alfonso (4)
- Santacesaria, Vincenzo (4)
- Scheiter, Simon (4)
- Schmidt, Martina (4)
- Schnitzhofer, Ralf (4)
- Schuster, Gerhard (4)
- Shur, Genrikh N. (4)
- Sieg, Karsten (4)
- Sluijs, Appy (4)
- Smith, Benjamin (4)
- Spelten, Nicole (4)
- Spessa, Allan (4)
- Spracklen, Dominick V. (4)
- Starokozhev, Elena (4)
- Strom, Johan (4)
- Søvde, Ole Amund (4)
- Thomas, Andreas (4)
- Toci, Guido (4)
- Toohey, Darin W. (4)
- Trautmann, Thomas (4)
- Ungeheuer, Florian (4)
- Vaattovaara, Petri (4)
- Vanhanen, Joonas (4)
- Viisanen, Yrjö (4)
- Vochezer, Paul (4)
- Volkamer, Rainer (4)
- Vollmer, Martin K. (4)
- Voulgarakis, Apostolos (4)
- Walter, Andreas (4)
- Webster, Christopher R. (4)
- Weiss, Ray F. (4)
- Weller, Rolf (4)
- Welti, André (4)
- Wirth, Martin (4)
- Woltersdorf, Laura (4)
- Wårlind, David (4)
- Xu, Xiaobin (4)
- Zulauf, Gernold (4)
- Achatz, Ulrich (3)
- Adam, Linda (3)
- Albert, Richard (3)
- Allen, Judy R. M. (3)
- Archibald, Sally (3)
- Aulbach, Sonja (3)
- Aït Hssaïne, Ali (3)
- Baars, Holger (3)
- Barbosa, Henrique M. J. (3)
- Barmet, Peter (3)
- Bentum, Elisabeth C. van (3)
- Birmili, Wolfram (3)
- Blake, Donald R. (3)
- Borchert, Sebastian (3)
- Bradshaw, Catherine D. (3)
- Brauch, Jennifer (3)
- Braß, Marc (3)
- Brito, Joel (3)
- Brown, Colin (3)
- Buchholz, Angela (3)
- Bühner, Bertram (3)
- Carbone, Samara (3)
- Chen, Dexian (3)
- Cheng, Yafang (3)
- Chi, Xuguang (3)
- Clauss, Tina (3)
- Codillo, Emmanuel A. (3)
- Conte, Dario (3)
- Crowley, John N. (3)
- Cvetković, Bojan (3)
- Dada, Lubna (3)
- Dewani, Noviana (3)
- Dhomse, Sandip (3)
- Diallo, Mohamadou (3)
- Ditz, Reiner (3)
- Dubrovinsky, Leonid (3)
- Dörnbrack, Andreas (3)
- Eisenberg, Joachim (3)
- Fedotenko, Timofey (3)
- Feick, Sebastian (3)
- Finkenzeller, Henning (3)
- Fischer, Lukas (3)
- Flecker, Rachel (3)
- Forster, Astrid (3)
- Fortelius, Mikael (3)
- Friedrich, Oliver (3)
- Funke, Bernd (3)
- Gagné, Stéphanie (3)
- Gerten, Dieter (3)
- Gischler, Eberhard (3)
- Granzin, Manuel (3)
- Hagemann, Stefan (3)
- Hakola, Hannele (3)
- Handisides, Graeme M. (3)
- Harth, Christina M. (3)
- Haywood, Alan M. (3)
- Hoffmann, Lars (3)
- Hrabe de Angelis, Isabella (3)
- Huntley, Brian (3)
- Ickes, Luisa (3)
- Immenhauser, Adrian (3)
- Jesswein, Markus (3)
- Junge, Andreas (3)
- Kabat, Pavel (3)
- Kelemen, Fanni Dóra (3)
- Keleshis, Christos (3)
- Kelley, Douglas I. (3)
- Kiese, Ralf (3)
- Kirchhoff, Mario (3)
- Koch, Mirjam (3)
- Koemets, Egor (3)
- Kotthoff, Ulrich (3)
- Koutsodendris, Andreas (3)
- Krähenmann, Stefan (3)
- Kuch, Ulrich (3)
- Könemann, Tobias (3)
- Laakso, Lauri (3)
- Legras, Bernard (3)
- Leva, Carola (3)
- Link, Frederik (3)
- Lipzig, Nicole P. M. van (3)
- Lunt, Daniel J. (3)
- Ma, Jialiang (3)
- Magdeburg, Axel (3)
- Maione, Michela (3)
- Mangeon, Stephane (3)
- Marinou, Eleni (3)
- Martha, Silviu-Octavian (3)
- Martin, Scot Turnbull (3)
- Masaki, Yoshimitsu (3)
- Mentel, Thomas F. (3)
- Menz, Christoph (3)
- Methner, Katharina (3)
- Minikin, Andreas (3)
- Moran-Zuloaga, Daniel (3)
- Müller, Melanie (3)
- O'Dowd, Colin D. (3)
- Phillips, Gavin J. (3)
- Pikridas, Michael (3)
- Pinxteren, Dominik van (3)
- Pound, Matthew J. (3)
- Prinn, Ronald G. (3)
- Pöhlker, Christopher (3)
- Pöhlker, Mira L. (3)
- Reddmann, Thomas (3)
- Reimann, Stefan (3)
- Reiss, Miriam Christina (3)
- Reitz, Paul (3)
- Richards, Nigel A. D. (3)
- Riechelmann, Sylvia (3)
- Riedel, Claudia (3)
- Salzmann, Ulrich (3)
- Saturno, Jorge (3)
- Schewe, Jacob (3)
- Schlemmer, Linda (3)
- Schootbrugge, Bas van de (3)
- Sciare, Jean (3)
- Shaw, Raymond A. (3)
- Sheward, Rosie M. (3)
- Singarayer, Joy (3)
- Sinnhuber, Björn-Martin (3)
- Sinninghe Damsté, Jaap S. (3)
- Sitnikov, Nikolay (3)
- Spang, Reinhold (3)
- Spindler, Gerald (3)
- Steele, L. Paul (3)
- Steinbacher, Martin (3)
- Stetzer, Olaf (3)
- Stolzenburg, Dominik (3)
- Sullivan, Ryan C. (3)
- Sumińska-Ebersoldt, Olga (3)
- Thalman, Ryan (3)
- Thiemeyer, Heinrich (3)
- Tilmes, Simone (3)
- Trautmann, Tim (3)
- Valdes, Paul J. (3)
- Viisanen, Yrjo (3)
- Voigt, Thomas (3)
- Wada, Yoshihide (3)
- Walter, David (3)
- Walters, Jesse B. (3)
- Wang, Jian (3)
- Wang, Mingyi (3)
- Wiedensohler, Alfred (3)
- Wisser, Dominik (3)
- Wolff, Stefan (3)
- Worthy, Douglas E. (3)
- Wölbern, Ingo (3)
- Xiao, Mao (3)
- Young, Dickon (3)
- Yushkov, Vladimir A. (3)
- Zaehle, Sönke (3)
- Zhao, Cunliang (3)
- Aalto, Pasi (2)
- Aalto, Tuula (2)
- Abalichin, Jana (2)
- Abraham, N. Luke (2)
- Ahlheim, Michael (2)
- Ahonen, Lauri R. (2)
- Aiken, Allison C. (2)
- Albuquerque, Ana Luiza (2)
- Aldeias, Vera (2)
- Alemseged, Zeresenay (2)
- Alfarra, M. Rami (2)
- Amorin, António (2)
- Anderson, R. Scott (2)
- Andrews, Elisabeth (2)
- Andrews, Steve J. (2)
- Ansmann, Albert (2)
- Archer, Will (2)
- Archibald, Alexander Thomas (2)
- Ardon-Dryer, Karin (2)
- Arduini, Jgor (2)
- Arens, Susanne (2)
- Arnell, Nigel (2)
- Arnold, Steve R. (2)
- Arora, Vivek (2)
- Arvelius, Johan (2)
- Aschmann, Jan (2)
- Atkinson, James (2)
- Aumaître, Georges (2)
- Axinte, Raoul (2)
- Añel, Juan A. (2)
- Baccarini, Andrea (2)
- Baehr, Jannine (2)
- Bahr, André (2)
- Baker, Angela (2)
- Bamford, Marion K. (2)
- Baral, Sunita (2)
- Barmpadimos, Iakovos (2)
- Barrie, Leonard A. (2)
- Bartlein, Patrick (2)
- Bastin, Sophie (2)
- Bauer, Paulus Salomon (2)
- Bausch, Stephan (2)
- Başaran, Sait (2)
- Bašták Ďurán, Ivan (2)
- Beesel, Eric van (2)
- Behling, Hermann (2)
- Beierkuhnlein, Carl (2)
- Bekki, Slimane (2)
- Belikov, Dmitry A. (2)
- Benker, Nathalie (2)
- Beranoaguirre, Aratz (2)
- Bernath, Peter F. (2)
- Berndt, Torsten (2)
- Berresheim, Harald (2)
- Betts, Richard (2)
- Beuck, Lydia (2)
- Bhagwat, Shonil A. (2)
- Bianchini, Giovanni (2)
- Biber, Matthias F. (2)
- Bierkens, Marc F. P. (2)
- Bijl, Peter K. (2)
- Birk, Manfred (2)
- Biro, Dora (2)
- Blank, Ann-Katrin (2)
- Blank, Jörg (2)
- Blarquez, Olivier (2)
- Blavier, Jean-François (2)
- Blunier, Thomas (2)
- Bobe, René (2)
- Bolder, Michel (2)
- Bollmann, Jörg (2)
- Boone, Chris D. (2)
- Boone, Christopher D. (2)
- Borisova, Olga (2)
- Bourlès, Didier L. (2)
- Bracher, Astrid (2)
- Brass, Marc (2)
- Brauer, Achim (2)
- Brauers, Theo (2)
- Braun, David R. (2)
- Breil, Marcus (2)
- Brendel, Christoph (2)
- Brewer, Simon (2)
- Brieden, Andreas (2)
- Brücher, Tim (2)
- Brückner, Helmut (2)
- Buendía, Corina (2)
- Buenrostro Mazon, Stephany (2)
- Buhre, Stephan (2)
- Buitenwerf, Robert (2)
- Buontempo, Carlo (2)
- Bureau, Hélène (2)
- Burke, Jacob (2)
- Bush, Mark B. (2)
- Bykov, Maxim (2)
- Bykova, Elena (2)
- Bösch, Hartmut (2)
- Böttger, Thomas (2)
- Cameron, David R. (2)
- Canagaratna, Manjula R. (2)
- Capelli, Cristian (2)
- Carpenter, Lucy J. (2)
- Carvalho, Susana (2)
- Chan, Arthur Wing Hong (2)
- Chan, Man N. (2)
- Chariton, Stella (2)
- Chen, Hilin (2)
- Chen, Xi (2)
- Chen, Xuemeng (2)
- Cheng, Ya F. (2)
- Chevallier, Frédéric (2)
- Chhabra, Puneet Singh (2)
- Chiessi, Cristiano Mazur (2)
- Chirkov, Maksym (2)
- Claeys, Philippe (2)
- Claude, Hans (2)
- Coburn, Sean C. (2)
- Coccioni, Rodolfo (2)
- Collins, Donald R. (2)
- Combourieu-Nebout, Nathalie (2)
- Connolly, Paul J. (2)
- Contreras, Lineth (2)
- Correa-Metrio, Alexander (2)
- Cortesi, Ugo (2)
- Crowley, John Nicholas (2)
- Cubison, Michael J. (2)
- Cuevas, Emilio (2)
- Cycura, Anatoly (2)
- Cyffka, Bernd (2)
- D'Oleire-Oltmanns, Sebastian (2)
- Dagnesjo, Saga (2)
- Daniau, Anne-Laure (2)
- Daniels, Chris J. (2)
- Dankers, Rutger (2)
- Dannenmann, Michael (2)
- David, André (2)
- Davie, Jemma C. S. (2)
- Davies, Stewart (2)
- Davin, Edouard (2)
- De Mazière, Martine (2)
- De Vernal, Anne (2)
- De Vleeschouwer, David (2)
- De Vries, Wim (2)
- DeCarlo, Peter F. (2)
- Della Lunga, Damiano (2)
- Demuzere, Matthias (2)
- Deryng, Delphine (2)
- Deutscher, Nicholas M. (2)
- Dirsch, Thomas (2)
- Diskin, Glenn S. (2)
- Disse, Markus (2)
- Dittmann, Anna (2)
- Dorf, Marcel Klaus (2)
- Dorsey, James Robert (2)
- Downard, Andrew (2)
- Downward, Andrew J. (2)
- Draper, Danielle C. (2)
- Dreiling, Volker (2)
- Dreischmeier, Katharina (2)
- Drevermann, Friedrich Ernst (2)
- Dreyer, Axel (2)
- Drücke, Jaqueline (2)
- Dubrovinskaia, Natalia (2)
- Duchatelet, Pierre (2)
- Dummann, Wolf (2)
- Dutton, Geoffrey S. (2)
- Döll, Christiane (2)
- Düthmann, Doris (2)
- Ebersoldt, Andreas (2)
- Eckert, Ellen (2)
- Elkins, James W. (2)
- Elliot, Joshua (2)
- Emde, Claudia (2)
- Engel, Ines (2)
- Erbacher, Jochen (2)
- Erhardt, Tobias (2)
- Ernst, Markus (2)
- Ettner-Mahl, Matthias (2)
- Faber, Johannes (2)
- Fachinger, Johannes (2)
- Fader, Marianela (2)
- Falloon, Pete (2)
- Falloon, Peter D. (2)
- Feike, Til (2)
- Feist, Dietrich G. (2)
- Fekete, Balazs M. (2)
- Fekete, Balázs M. (2)
- Feldmeyer, Barbara (2)
- Feurdean, Angelica (2)
- Finch, Jemma M. (2)
- Fink, Gabriel (2)
- Fischer, Horst (2)
- Fischer, Hubertus (2)
- Fisher, Rebecca E. (2)
- Fletcher, William J. (2)
- Flögel, Sascha (2)
- Foglia, Laura (2)
- Fohlmeister, Jens (2)
- Folberth, Christian (2)
- Folberth, Gerd A. (2)
- Forster, Grant L. (2)
- Fortems-Cheiney, Audrey (2)
- Franke, Harald (2)
- Franssen, Wietse (2)
- Fraser, Paul J. (2)
- Freiwald, André (2)
- Friedlingstein, Pierre (2)
- Friedrich, Alexandra (2)
- Frieler, Katja (2)
- Friend, Andrew D. (2)
- Fritsch, Frauke (2)
- Fréchette, Bianca (2)
- Frör, Oliver (2)
- Fueglistaler, Stephan (2)
- Fuhlbrügge, Steffen (2)
- Gaertner, Miguel Angel (2)
- Gale, Andrew S. (2)
- Gallmann, Franziska (2)
- Garimella, Sarvesh (2)
- Garmash, Olga (2)
- Garny, Hella (2)
- Gebühr, Christina (2)
- Geibel, Marc Christoph (2)
- Gellhorn, Catrin (2)
- Gerber, Daniel (2)
- Gerbig, Christoph (2)
- Gibbs, Samantha J. (2)
- Gilge, Stefan (2)
- Gille, John C. (2)
- Gisi, Michael (2)
- Goring, Simon (2)
- Gosling, William D. (2)
- Granoszewski, Wojciech (2)
- Grant, Aoife (2)
- Griffiths, Paul T. (2)
- Grimm, Eric C. (2)
- Groneberg, Jan David Alexander (2)
- Grote, Rüdiger (2)
- Groth, Angela (2)
- Grüger, Eberhard (2)
- Grüner, Achim (2)
- Grützner, Tobias (2)
- Guggenmoser, Tobias (2)
- Guirlet, Marielle (2)
- Gulde, Thomas (2)
- Guo, Wenmu (2)
- Gurk, Christian Thomas (2)
- Gute, Ellen (2)
- Gärtner, Philipp (2)
- Haas, Edwin (2)
- Habermann, Jörg M. (2)
- Haddeland, Ingjerd (2)
- Hader, John D. (2)
- Haenel, Florian (2)
- Halik, Ümüt (2)
- Hallmann, Christian (2)
- Hamer, Paul (2)
- Hammer, Samuel (2)
- Hanselman, Jennifer (2)
- Harazim, Dario (2)
- Hartke, Juliane (2)
- Hase, Frank (2)
- Hauser, Stefan (2)
- Haussühl, Eiken (2)
- He, Xu-Cheng (2)
- Head, Jason J. (2)
- Hecobian, Arsineh (2)
- Heinke, Jens (2)
- Heintzenberg, Jost (2)
- Heinz, Renate (2)
- Hellén, Heidi (2)
- Helmond, Niels A. G. M. van (2)
- Hendrick, François (2)
- Hennigan, Christopher J. (2)
- Hepach, Helmke (2)
- Herbert, Fritz (2)
- Herenz, Paul (2)
- Herrmann, Thomas (2)
- Hertzog, Albert (2)
- Heuvelink, Gerardus Bernardus Maria (2)
- Higuera, Philip (2)
- Hilgen, Frederik J. (2)
- Hill, Joachim (2)
- Hill, Thomas C. (2)
- Hill, Trevor R. (2)
- Hinnenthal, Marie (2)
- Ho-Hagemann, Ha Thi Minh (2)
- Hof, Christian (2)
- Hoff, Holger (2)
- Hoffmann, J. (2)
- Hoffmann, Nadine (2)
- Hofmann, Peter (2)
- Hommel, René (2)
- Homonnai, Viktoria (2)
- Hoogakker, Babette A. A. (2)
- Hrechanyy, Serhiy (2)
- Huber, Veronika (2)
- Huey, L. Gregory (2)
- Huppertz, Hubert (2)
- Hutley, Lindsay B. (2)
- Höppel, Florian Niko (2)
- Hörhold, Maria (2)
- Iglesias, Virginia (2)
- Ilmberger, Johann (2)
- Itoh, Akihiko (2)
- Jackson, David R. (2)
- Jacobeit, Jucundus (2)
- Jaenicke, Ruprecht (2)
- Janoschitz, Reinhard (2)
- Jantsch, Evelyn (2)
- Javed, Umar (2)
- Jennings, S. Gerard (2)
- Jensen, Camilla Marie (2)
- Jeseck, Pascal (2)
- Jiang, Tong (2)
- Jimenez-Moreno, Gonzalo (2)
- Jones, Nicholas (2)
- Jordan, Armin (2)
- Jost, Hans-Jürg (2)
- Joutsensaari, Jorma (2)
- Judt, Anna (2)
- Jánosi, Imre M. (2)
- Kahana, Ron (2)
- Kaiser, Jan (2)
- Kajos, Maija K. (2)
- Kalicinsky, Christoph (2)
- Kallinger, Peter (2)
- Kamphus, Michael (2)
- Kasper, Haino Uwe (2)
- Kaufmann, Manfred (2)
- Kautzman, Kathryn E. (2)
- Kazimoto, Emmanuel Owden (2)
- Keddadouche, Karim (2)
- Keilholz, Patrick (2)
- Keim, Corneli (2)
- Keller, Livia (2)
- Kelly, Ryan (2)
- Kershaw, Arnold Peter (2)
- Khabarov, Nikolay (2)
- Khaykin, Sergey M. (2)
- Khosrawi, Farahnaz (2)
- Kim, Hyungjun (2)
- Kippenberger, Matthias (2)
- Kirkwood, Sheila (2)
- Kirner, Oliver (2)
- Kivekäs, Niku (2)
- Kivi, Rigel (2)
- Kleidon, Axel (2)
- Klein, Frieder (2)
- Kleinhenz, Dominik (2)
- Kleinschmit, Birgit (2)
- Kley, Jonas (2)
- Klimm, Kevin (2)
- Knapp, David J. (2)
- Kohn, Monika (2)
- Kolle, Olaf (2)
- Koppmann, Ralf (2)
- Kottmeier, Christoph (2)
- Kouvarakis, G. (2)
- Kramer, Isabelle Marie (2)
- Krapf, Manuel (2)
- Kreissl, Fabian (2)
- Krejci, Radek (2)
- Kros, Johannes (2)
- Kruijt, Bart J. (2)
- Krysanova, Valentina (2)
- Krysztofiak, Gisèle (2)
- Krüger, Mira L. (2)
- Kuba, Martin (2)
- Kuellmann, Harry (2)
- Kuhn, Anna Christina (2)
- Kuhnert, Matthias (2)
- Kulkarni, Gargi (2)
- Kummu, Matti (2)
- Kupczik, Kornelius (2)
- Kupiainen-Määttä, Oona (2)
- Kurtén, Theo (2)
- Kusch, Stephanie (2)
- Kuttippurath, Jayan (2)
- Kuttippurath, Jayanarayanan (2)
- Kučera, Michal (2)
- Kyrö, Ella-Maria (2)
- Kästner, Udo (2)
- Köberl, Christian (2)
- Königstedt, Rainer (2)
- Laizer, Amani S. (2)
- Laj, Paolo (2)
- Langan, Liam (2)
- Langenfelds, Ray L. (2)
- Laniel, Dominique (2)
- Latzko, Thomas (2)
- Lawrence, Mark Gary (2)
- Leadley, Paul W. (2)
- Lebatard, Anne-Elisabeth (2)
- Ledru, Marie-Pierre (2)
- Lee, Adrian M. (2)
- Leeson, Amber A. (2)
- Lefèvre, Franck (2)
- Lehmann, Ralph (2)
- Lehtinen, Kari E. J. (2)
- Leinweber, Ronny (2)
- Leip, Adrian (2)
- Lennartz, Sinikka T. (2)
- Lenz, Claus-Jürgen (2)
- Lenz, Matthias (2)
- Lepukhov, Boris (2)
- Levermann, Anders (2)
- Levin, Ezra J. T. (2)
- Li, Chenxi (2)
- Li, Jing (2)
- Li, Jinxiao (2)
- Li, Laurent (2)
- Li, Wei (2)
- Li, Xi (2)
- Liang, Qing (2)
- Liao, Jin (2)
- Lidster, Richard Terence (2)
- Liebetrau, Volker (2)
- Lihavainen, Heikki (2)
- Liu, Xingcai (2)
- Liu, Zhen (2)
- Lohmann, Ulrike (2)
- Lomas, Marc R. (2)
- Lorenz, Verena (2)
- Lossow, Stefan (2)
- Lotze-Campen, Hermann (2)
- Lowry, David (2)
- Lozano-García, Socorro (2)
- Ludmann, Sabrina (2)
- Luo, Beiping P. (2)
- Luo, Jing (2)
- Macôa, Amélia (2)
- Mader, Sebastian (2)
- Maezumi, S. Yoshi (2)
- Magi, Brian (2)
- Magny, Michel (2)
- Magri, Donatella (2)
- Mahieu, Emmanuel (2)
- Mai, Huajun (2)
- Maisonnave, Eric (2)
- Maksyutov, Shamil (2)
- Mangini, Augusto (2)
- Mann, Graham W. (2)
- Manzini, Elisa (2)
- Marchand, Marion (2)
- Marchant, Robert (2)
- Marlon, Jennifer R. (2)
- Martens, Carola (2)
- Martinerie, Patricia (2)
- Marécal, Virginie (2)
- Masaki, Yusuke (2)
- Maser, Rolf (2)
- Mathe, Jacinto (2)
- Matthey, Renaud (2)
- McCluskey, Christina S. (2)
- McIntyre, J. D. (2)
- McKenna, Daniel-S. (2)
- McKenzie, Merna (2)
- McMurry, Peter H. (2)
- Mehl, Steffen (2)
- Meira Paulo, Luis (2)
- Mencaraglia, Francesco (2)
- Mendes, Clara (2)
- Mentler, Bernhard (2)
- Merikanto, Joonas (2)
- Messerschmidt, Janina (2)
- Meyer, Jessica (2)
- Meyn, Andrea (2)
- Micheels, Arne (2)
- Mieruch, Sebastian (2)
- Mikoviny, Tomas (2)
- Mikuteit, Sabine (2)
- Millard, Genevieve A. (2)
- Milman, Victor (2)
- Molleker, Sergej (2)
- Moller, Tobias (2)
- Montanari, Alessandro (2)
- Moore, Fred L. (2)
- Moortgat, Geert K. (2)
- Mouillot, Florent (2)
- Mudelsee, Manfred (2)
- Murakami, Masataka (2)
- Murray, Benjamin J. (2)
- Mustaphi, Colin J. Courtney (2)
- Müller, Kristian (2)
- Müller, Richard (2)
- Müller, Ruth (2)
- Müller, Stefan (2)
- Müller, Ulrich (2)
- Müller, Ulrich C. (2)
- Müller, Wolfgang (2)
- Müller-Ebert, Dörthe (2)
- Münch, S. (2)
- Münch, Steffen (2)
- Naegler, Tobias (2)
- Nakagawa, Takeshi (2)
- Nambiar, Romi (2)
- Naujokat, Barbara (2)
- Naumann, Karl-Heinz (2)
- Necki, Jaroslaw (2)
- Neininger, Bruno (2)
- Nelson, Danny A. (2)
- Neubert, Tom (2)
- Neumann, Kathleen (2)
- Newland, Mike J. (2)
- Niamir, Aidin (2)
- Nie, Wei (2)
- Nielsen, Sune G. (2)
- Niemann, Christoph (2)
- Nieradzik, Lars (2)
- Nillius, Bjorn (2)
- Nilsson, Hampus (2)
- Nisbet, Euan G. (2)
- Nordmeyer, Hans (2)
- Novenko, Elena (2)
- Nölscher, Anke Christine (2)
- O'Sullivan, Daniel (2)
- Obermann, Anika (2)
- Obregón, André (2)
- Oehlmann, Jörg (2)
- Oelhaf, Herman (2)
- Ogren, John A. (2)
- Oijen, Marcel van (2)
- Ojdanic, Andrea (2)
- Olenius, Tinja (2)
- Ordóñez, Carlos (2)
- Orlandi, Emiliano (2)
- Orsolini, Yvan (2)
- Oschmann, Wolfgang (2)
- Osusko, Daniel (2)
- Othmanli, Hussein (2)
- Oulanovsky, Alexey (2)
- Palazzi, Elisa (2)
- Palm, Mathias (2)
- Pan, Laura L. (2)
- Paramonova, Nina N. (2)
- Patra, Prabir K. (2)
- Payan, Sébastien (2)
- Payne, Vivienne (2)
- Peckhaus, Andreas (2)
- Peinl, Mark (2)
- Pekour, Mikhail S. (2)
- Pelz, Sonna (2)
- Penny, Daniel (2)
- Peter, Klaus Daniel (2)
- Pfeifer, Joschka (2)
- Pfenninger, Markus (2)
- Phuyal, Parbati (2)
- Piccolo, Chiara (2)
- Pickering, Steven (2)
- Picon, Laurence (2)
- Piesch, Christof (2)
- Pinto, Maria (2)
- Piontek, Franziska (2)
- Pison, Isabelle C. (2)
- Pitts, Michael C. (2)
- Plaß-Dülmer, Christian (2)
- Plöger, Felix (2)
- Plötze, Michael (2)
- Poole, Lamont R. (2)
- Pope, Francis D. (2)
- Porada, Philipp (2)
- Porkka, Miina (2)
- Poulton, Alex J. (2)
- Pouvesle, Nicolas (2)
- Power, Mitchell J. (2)
- Preusse, Peter (2)
- Prevot, André Stephan Henry (2)
- Privalov, Viacheslav I. (2)
- Pälike, Heiko (2)
- Pätz, Hans-Werner (2)
- Püschel, Thomas A. (2)
- Qin, Shenjun (2)
- Quednow, Kristin (2)
- Quéléver, Lauriane L. J. (2)
- Raimund, Stefan (2)
- Raine, J. Ian (2)
- Ramankutty, Navin (2)
- Ramelli, Fabiola (2)
- Ramonet, Michael (2)
- Ramonet, Michel (2)
- Raspollini, Piera (2)
- Rauthe-Schöch, Armin (2)
- Ray, Eric A. (2)
- Redaelli, Gianluca (2)
- Reeves, Claire E. (2)
- Regala, Frederico Tátá (2)
- Reinds, Gert Jan (2)
- Reiser, K. (2)
- Rethemeyer, Janet (2)
- Rettinger, Markus (2)
- Reus, Marian de (2)
- Reuter, Hannes Isaak (2)
- Rex, Markus (2)
- Ricci, Andrea (2)
- Richard, Erik C. (2)
- Richter, Detlev K. (2)
- Richter, Sarah (2)
- Riechelmann, Dana F. C. (2)
- Riediger, Oliver (2)
- Rittmeier, Elisa (2)
- Robinson, Alan D. (2)
- Robinson, Andrew D. (2)
- Rognerud, Bjørg (2)
- Rohden, Christoph von (2)
- Romera, Graciela Gil (2)
- Romera, Raquel (2)
- Rosenthal, Yair (2)
- Ruane, Alex C. (2)
- Ruhnke, Roland (2)
- Rumbaur, Christian (2)
- Russell III., James M. (2)
- Ruuskanen, Taina (2)
- Rösch, Michael (2)
- Sachse, Glen W. (2)
- Sadori, Laura (2)
- Saeed, Sajjad (2)
- Saikawa, Eri (2)
- Saito, Atsushi (2)
- Sakradzija, Mirjana (2)
- Salawitch, Ross J. (2)
- Santee, Michelle L. (2)
- Santos, Fábio Henrique Silva dos (2)
- Santos, Luis dos (2)
- Scanlon, Bridget R. (2)
- Schaphoff, Sibyll (2)
- Scheibe, Monika (2)
- Schelhaas, Mart Jan (2)
- Schell, Dieter (2)
- Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim (2)
- Schenk, Ludwig (2)
- Schenk, Ludwig Paul (2)
- Schiebel, Thea (2)
- Schill, Gregory P. (2)
- Schleinkofer, Nicolai (2)
- Schmeling, Harro (2)
- Schmid, Erwin (2)
- Schmidt, Alexander (2)
- Schmidt, C. (2)
- Schmidts, Thomas (2)
- Schmitz, Christoph (2)
- Schmitz, Sylvia (2)
- Schneider, Herbert (2)
- Scholz, Denis (2)
- Scholz, Joachim (2)
- Schomburg, Annika (2)
- Schroeder, Matthias (2)
- Schröder-Ritzrau, Andrea (2)
- Schuetz, Lothar (2)
- Schwander, Jakob (2)
- Schwarzenberger, Tim (2)
- Schädler, Gerd (2)
- Schüttemeyer, Dirk (2)
- Scott, Louis (2)
- Seeliger, Martin (2)
- Sellegri, Karine (2)
- Sen, Bhaswar (2)
- Sheehan, Tim (2)
- Shen, Jiali (2)
- Shi, Qiang (2)
- Shilling, John E. (2)
- Shreshta, Pramod (2)
- Siciliani de Cumis, Matteo (2)
- Sier, Mark Jan (2)
- Siew, Tuck Fatt (2)
- Siltberg, Joe (2)
- Singer, Brad S. (2)
- Singh, Manvendra (2)
- Sinninghe Damsté, Jacobus S. (2)
- Sioris, Christopher E. (2)
- Sitnikov, Nicolay M. (2)
- Smale, Dan (2)
- Smith, Robin S. (2)
- Snels, Marcel (2)
- Sobanski, Nicolas (2)
- Sogachev, Andrey (2)
- Sonderfeld, Hannah (2)
- Song, Qi (2)
- Sorichter, Katrin (2)
- Spahr, Dominik (2)
- Sprovieri, Mario (2)
- Spötl, Christoph (2)
- Srivastava, Nishtha (2)
- St. Clair, Jason M. (2)
- Stadnitskaia, Alina (2)
- Stahr, Karl (2)
- Stalmans, Marc (2)
- Staubach, Sascha (2)
- Stefánsson, Andri (2)
- Stehfest, Elke (2)
- Steinhorst, Hildegard-Maria (2)
- Steinig, Sebastian (2)
- Steinkamp, Jörg (2)
- Steinke, Isabelle (2)
- Stender, Vivien (2)
- Stevenson, Janelle (2)
- Stordal, Frode (2)
- Stratmann, Greta (2)
- Stöcker, Horst (2)
- Sugita, Takafumi (2)
- Sun, Shang (2)
- Sun, T. Shang (2)
- Surratt, Jason D. (2)
- Sussmann, Ralf (2)
- Sweeney, Colm (2)
- Szabo, T. (2)
- Sánchez Goñi, María Fernanda (2)
- Taguchi, Shoichi (2)
- Tajiri, Takuya (2)
- Tang, Hui (2)
- Tang, Mingjin (2)
- Tarasick, David W. (2)
- Te, Yao (2)
- Teichert, Barbara M. A. (2)
- Teichtmeister, Tobias A. (2)
- Tessler, Zachary (2)
- Tham, Yee Jun (2)
- Thevs, Niels (2)
- Thieser, Jim (2)
- Thomas, Frank M. (2)
- Thomson, Erik S. (2)
- Thuiller, Wilfried (2)
- Thürkow, Markus (2)
- Tolbert, Margret A. (2)
- Tomlinson, Jason M. (2)
- Trawny, Katrin (2)
- Trentmann, Jörg (2)
- Tritscher, Torsten (2)
- Truong, Francois (2)
- Twarloh, Birthe (2)
- Tzedakis, Chronis (2)
- Uenver-Thiele, Laura (2)
- Ulanovski, Alexey (2)
- Ullrich, Markus (2)
- Ungermann, Jörn (2)
- Vandergoes, Marcus (2)
- Vannière, Boris (2)
- Vay, Stephanie (2)
- Veen, Cornelis J. van der (2)
- Vehkamäki, Hanna (2)
- Velazco, Voltaire (2)
- Velichko, Andrey (2)
- Velthoven, Peter F. J. van (2)
- Vermeulen, Marleen H. (2)
- Vigouroux, Corinne (2)
- Vogt, Steffen (2)
- Voigtländer, Jens (2)
- Vollmer, Christian (2)
- Volz-Thomas, Andreas (2)
- Voskamp, Alke (2)
- Vrekoussis, Mihalis (2)
- Vrtala, Aron (2)
- Vössing, Hermann-Josef (2)
- Wachholz, Alexander (2)
- Wacker, Ulrike (2)
- Wackerbarth, Anne Katrin (2)
- Wagner, Georg (2)
- Wagner, Thomas (2)
- Waldvogel, Ann-Marie (2)
- Walter, Saskia (2)
- Wang, Danrong (2)
- Wang, Yonghong (2)
- Wang, Yuxuan (2)
- Wang, Zhenzhen (2)
- Warneke, Thorsten (2)
- Warszawski, Lila (2)
- Warwick, Nicola (2)
- Weber, Rodney J. (2)
- Weers, Uwe (2)
- Wegner, Tobias (2)
- Weidner, Frank (2)
- Weiher, Stefan (2)
- Weinheimer, Andrew J. (2)
- Weinkauf, Manuel (2)
- Welp, Martin (2)
- Werf, Guido R. van der (2)
- Wexler, Anthony S. (2)
- Whale, Thomas F. (2)
- Whitlock, Cathy (2)
- Wiegele, Andreas (2)
- Wilhelms, Frank (2)
- Will, Andreas (2)
- Wilson, Chris (2)
- Wilson, James C. (2)
- Winterhalter, Richard (2)
- Wirth, Volkmar (2)
- Wisthaler, Armin (2)
- Witrant, Emmanuel (2)
- Wohltmann, Ingo (2)
- Wood, Stephen (2)
- Worringen, Annette (2)
- Wortmann, Michel (2)
- Worton, David R. (2)
- Woyke, Thomas (2)
- Wright, Timothy P. (2)
- Wunch, Debra (2)
- Xueref-Remy, Irene (2)
- Yamashita, Katsuya (2)
- Yeluripati, Jagadeesh (2)
- Yimit, Hamid (2)
- Young, Isla A. K. (2)
- Yu, Ruide (2)
- Zanella, Friedhelm (2)
- Zhang, Ke (2)
- Zhang, Xi (2)
- Zhao, Chengyi (2)
- Zhao, Xiaoning (2)
- Zhihai, Tonishtan (2)
- Ziereis, Helmut (2)
- Zimov, Sergej A. (2)
- Zobrist, Bernhard (2)
- vom Scheidt, Marcel (2)
- Acevedo Rodríguez, Aurelio Jesús (1)
- Achten, Christine (1)
- Ackermann, Sebastian (1)
- Adebahr, Philip (1)
- Adler, Bianca (1)
- Adomat, Friederike (1)
- Agashev, Alexey M. (1)
- Agasheva, Elena V. (1)
- Agricola, Thomas Hubert Gerhard (1)
- Ahmed, Abdulhakim (1)
- Akylas, Triantaphyllos R. (1)
- Al-Arif, Nassir (1)
- Alard, Olivier (1)
- Alencar, Igor (1)
- Alsenz, Heiko (1)
- Amanatidis, Stavros (1)
- Ambach, Sebastian J. (1)
- Amiridis, Vassilis (1)
- Anderson, Karen (1)
- Anemone, Robert L. (1)
- Anne, Cheikh Amadou Tidiane (1)
- Anstey, James A. (1)
- Antonelli, Alexandre (1)
- Antunes, Nicolas (1)
- Aplin, Karen L. (1)
- Appel, Erwin (1)
- Araùjo, Alessandro (1)
- Araújo, Alessandro (1)
- Araújo, Miguel B. (1)
- Arculus, Richard (1)
- Arndt, Iris (1)
- Arnold, Frank (1)
- Artuso, Florinda (1)
- Aryal, Krishna Kumar (1)
- Asao, Shinichi (1)
- Asharaf, Shakeel (1)
- Asmi, Eija (1)
- Astor, Thomas (1)
- Aufmhoff, Heinfried (1)
- Auro, Maureen (1)
- Avngaard, Michael (1)
- Aydin, Murat (1)
- Ayele, Atalay (1)
- Baalbaki, Rima (1)
- Bacher, Sven (1)
- Bader, Michael (1)
- Bahlburg, Heinrich (1)
- Baier, Bodo (1)
- Baier, Sven (1)
- Baikpour, Shahram (1)
- Bajnai, David (1)
- Balis, Dimitris (1)
- Barkov, Andrei Yu (1)
- Barron, Jennie (1)
- Barry, Peter H. (1)
- Bartyzel, J. (1)
- Bartyzel, Jakub (1)
- Bathelt, Harald (1)
- Batte, Arthur (1)
- Batte, Arthur Godfrey (1)
- Bauer, Christian (1)
- Baumgartner, Bernhard (1)
- Baxter, Ethan (1)
- Beck, Christoph (1)
- Becker, Clemens (1)
- Becker, Thorsten W. (1)
- Bekaert, David V. (1)
- Belamari, Sophie (1)
- Bell, David M. (1)
- Bellprat, Omar (1)
- Benard, Antoine (1)
- Bendall, Chris (1)
- Berckhemer, Hans (1)
- Berger, Christiane (1)
- Berger, Elisabeth (1)
- Bergmann, Malte (1)
- Berndt, Jasper (1)
- Bernhardt-Römermann, Markus (1)
- Bertozzi, Barbara (1)
- Beuchert, Marcus (1)
- Bhattacharya, Ritthik (1)
- Bhusal, Chop Lal (1)
- Bianch, Federico (1)
- Bibus, Erhard (1)
- Bijlsma, Rienk-Jan (1)
- Bingham, Robert (1)
- Binietoglou, Ioannis (1)
- Binnie, Steven A. (1)
- Boeckx, Pascal (1)
- Boer, Matthias M. (1)
- Bondo, Torsten (1)
- Bonino, Enrico (1)
- Borga, Marco (1)
- Bormann, Helge (1)
- Born, Axel (1)
- Bornemann, André (1)
- Bosak, Alexei (1)
- Boschetti, Fabio (1)
- Botcharnikov, Roman E. (1)
- Botsyun, Svetlana (1)
- Botzat, Alexandra (1)
- Boulard, Eglantine (1)
- Bousquet, Philippe (1)
- Bown, Paul R. (1)
- Boyd, Melissa Doyle (1)
- Bozem, Heiko (1)
- Braesicke, Peter (1)
- Brand, Uwe (1)
- Brazier, Richard E. (1)
- Brenker, Frank E. (1)
- Brennecka, Gregory A. (1)
- Breuer, Lutz (1)
- Brey, Gerhard (1)
- Brilli, Federico (1)
- Brown, Paul R. (1)
- Bruch, Angela A. (1)
- Brunke, Ernst-Günther (1)
- Brunnemann-Stubbe, Gefion (1)
- Bräkling, Steffen (1)
- Bräuer, Peter (1)
- Brüsch, Dennis (1)
- Bulatov, Vadim K. (1)
- Burton, Chantelle (1)
- Burton, Kevin W. (1)
- Bushell, Andrew C. (1)
- Butchart, Neal (1)
- Butler, Robyn (1)
- Béranger, Karine (1)
- Böing, Steven (1)
- Bölöni, Gergely (1)
- Büscher, Janina (1)
- Büscher, Julia (1)
- Cabeza, Mar (1)
- Cai, Jing (1)
- Calmanti, Sandro (1)
- Calvo, Leonor (1)
- Campus, Adele (1)
- Carlotto, Victor (1)
- Carré, Matthieu (1)
- Caudillo, Lucía (1)
- Chakraborty, Megha (1)
- Charlesworth, Edward (1)
- Chatterjee, Fabien (1)
- Chen, Chih-Chieh (1)
- Cheng, Chao (1)
- Cheng, Ye-Ming (1)
- Chiavarini, Salvatore (1)
- Chiu, Randall (1)
- Christ, Mona (1)
- Chu, Biwu (1)
- Chuang, Wayne K. (1)
- Chun, Hye-Yeong (1)
- Cincotta, Aude (1)
- Civiero, Chiara (1)
- Cizungu Ntaboba, Landry (1)
- Clark, Patrick E. (1)
- Coelho, João d’Oliveira (1)
- Collingham, Yvonne C. (1)
- Condamine, Fabien L. (1)
- Contreras Arias, Lineth (1)
- Craddock, John (1)
- Cramer, Anja (1)
- Cramer, Michael D. (1)
- Cruz-Uribe, Alicia (1)
- Cunliffe, Andrew M. (1)
- Cuxart, Joan (1)
- Cvetković, Vladica (1)
- D'Amato, F. (1)
- Daellenbach, Kaspar Rudolf (1)
- Damuth, John (1)
- Dan, Anca (1)
- Danis, Francois (1)
- Danker, Jessica (1)
- Dasgupta, Mahananda (1)
- Daub, Frederik (1)
- Davis, Charles C. (1)
- Davis‐Reddy, Claire (1)
- De Kauwe, Martin G. (1)
- De Menezes, Louis-Philippe (1)
- De Wekker, Stephan F. J. (1)
- Debaille, Vinciane (1)
- Demers-Stępień, Daria Katarzyna (1)
- Deneke, Hartwig (1)
- Denhard, Michael (1)
- Dettmering, Denise (1)
- Devis, Annemarie (1)
- Dhimal, Mandira Lamichhane (1)
- Diehl, Peter (1)
- Dietl, Carlo (1)
- Dietl, Gregory P. (1)
- Dippel, Ann-Christin (1)
- Dohmen, Janik (1)
- Dolaptchiev, Stamen Iankov (1)
- Doluschitz, Reiner (1)
- Dombrowski, Andrea (1)
- Doublier, Michael Patrick (1)
- Doubre, Cecile (1)
- Douville, Hervé (1)
- Dragovic, Besim (1)
- Drobinski, Philippe (1)
- Du, Wei (1)
- Dulski, Peter (1)
- Dunai, Tibor J. (1)
- Duplissy, Ella-Maria (1)
- Durali-Müller, Soodabeh (1)
- Dörr, Wolfgang (1)
- Ebinger, Cynthia J. (1)
- Edelmann, Benedikt (1)
- Ehlers, Todd A. (1)
- Ehrlich, Kornelia (1)
- Eichhorn-Müller, Astrid (1)
- El Khrepy, Sami (1)
- Ellenbeck, Laura (1)
- Enama Mengong, Mathurin (1)
- Encinas-Lara, Miguel Sebastián (1)
- Engelbrecht, Francois (1)
- Engelmann, Lars (1)
- Engelmann, Ronny (1)
- Enghoff, Martin Bødker (1)
- Entling, Martin H. (1)
- Eronen, Jussi T. (1)
- Escarzaga, Stephen M. (1)
- Espadaler, Xavier (1)
- Ewen, Tracy (1)
- Fastrup, Bent (1)
- Fehrs, Kristiane (1)
- Feng, Liang (1)
- Fernández-Guisuraga, José Manuel (1)
- Fischer, Anton (1)
- Fisher, Adrian G. (1)
- Fishwick, Stewart (1)
- Flaounas, Emmanouil (1)
- Fohrer, Nicola (1)
- Foley, Stephen F. (1)
- Forien, Mélanie (1)
- Forkel, Matthias (1)
- Fosser, Giorgia (1)
- Frank, David C. (1)
- Frank, Dirk (1)
- Frank, Göran P. (1)
- Frank, Martin (1)
- Frank, Sina Kai (1)
- Franz, Daniela (1)
- Frechen, Manfred (1)
- Fred, Marianne (1)
- Freiermuth, Mira (1)
- Frenzel, Peter (1)
- Freydank, Katharina (1)
- Frick-Trzebitzky, Fanny (1)
- Friedrich, Anke M. (1)
- Friedrich-Rust, Mireen (1)
- Frisch, Konstantin (1)
- Fritz, Susanne A. (1)
- Fritzsch, Dagmar (1)
- Frolov, Andrei O. (1)
- Fromm, Kurt (1)
- Frost, Daniel J. (1)
- Frömmel, Stephan (1)
- Fuchs, Friderun (1)
- Fuchs, Lukas (1)
- Fuhrer, Oliver (1)
- Fundel, Felix (1)
- Förster, Michael W. (1)
- Füllekrug, Martin (1)
- Gaab, Simone (1)
- Galadí-Enríquez, Elena (1)
- Ganschow, Steffen (1)
- Gao, Pengpeng (1)
- Gao, Zheng (1)
- Garber, Joshua M. (1)
- Garcia, Rolando R. (1)
- Gates, Jay Gates (1)
- Gautsch, Sebastian (1)
- Gdulová, Kateřina (1)
- Genco, Silvia (1)
- Gharahi Ghehi, Nasrin (1)
- Giebel, Johannes (1)
- Giesenberg, Annika (1)
- Gillespie, Breahna M. (1)
- Giorgi, Filippo (1)
- Girnis, Andrei V. (1)
- Glazyrin, Konstantin (1)
- Glodny, Johannes (1)
- Godefroit, Pascal (1)
- Goes, Saskia (1)
- Gohm, Alexander (1)
- Goitom, Berhe (1)
- Golabek, Gregor (1)
- Golden, Steven (1)
- Goloub, Philippe (1)
- Golovin, Alexander (1)
- Gonzalez Carracedo, Loic (1)
- Gonzalez-Castillo, Lourdes (1)
- González-Castillo, Lourdes (1)
- Good, Elizabeth (1)
- Graf, Phoebe (1)
- Graham, Hugh A. (1)
- Grams, Thorsten E. E. (1)
- Granzow, Michaela (1)
- Gras, John (1)
- Gray, Lesley J. (1)
- Greenberg, Eran (1)
- Greule, Markus (1)
- Griebel, Anne (1)
- Griessbach, Sabine (1)
- Grießbach, Sabine (1)
- Grisogono, Branko (1)
- Gronenborn, Detlef (1)
- Grosse, Pablo (1)
- Grützner-Handke, Tobias (1)
- Guarnelli, Yoann (1)
- Guedez Orozco, Arlen (1)
- Guedez, Arlen A. (1)
- Guenet, Bertrand (1)
- Guignot, Nicolas (1)
- Gummert, Michael (1)
- Gumnior, Maren (1)
- Gurierrez, Quiriat J. (1)
- Göcke, Tobias (1)
- Göllner, Mareike (1)
- Güntner, Andreas (1)
- Günzel, Marian (1)
- Güttler, Ivan (1)
- Habersetzer, Jörg (1)
- Haefele, Alexander (1)
- Hahn, F. (1)
- Hainer, Markus (1)
- Hall, Brad D. (1)
- Halldórsson, Sæmundur A. (1)
- Hamed, Amar (1)
- Hamilton, Kevin (1)
- Hammer, Emanuel (1)
- Hammond, James O. S. (1)
- Hanan, Niall P. (1)
- Hanasaki, Naota (1)
- Hanfland, Michael (1)
- Hanggito, Muhammad S. (1)
- Hanisch, Sabine (1)
- Hanrahan, Margaret (1)
- Hantsch, Ute (1)
- Happell, James D. (1)
- Harper, Anna (1)
- Harrison, R. Giles (1)
- Harrison, Roy M. (1)
- Hartick, Carl (1)
- Hartmut, Herrmann (1)
- Haselberger, Stefan (1)
- Hattingen, Elke (1)
- Hauck, Jürgen (1)
- Hauser, Ilona (1)
- Havrilla, Caroline A. (1)
- He, Man (1)
- He, Xucheng (1)
- Heaman, Larry M. (1)
- Hegna, Thomas A. (1)
- Heikkinen, Liine (1)
- Heilman, Philip (1)
- Heitto, Arto (1)
- Hellwig, Alexandra (1)
- Helm, Johanna (1)
- Henry, Hadrien (1)
- Henschel, Henning (1)
- Herman, Jonathan D. (1)
- Hervo, Maxime (1)
- Hervé, Francisco (1)
- Heymann, Gunter (1)
- Heyner, Frank (1)
- Higgins, Steven I. (1)
- Himmit, Mimoun (1)
- Hinderer, Matthias (1)
- Hirschle, Christian (1)
- Hirt, Ulrike (1)
- Hoffmann, E. (1)
- Hoffmann, Thorsten (1)
- Hofmann, Sven (1)
- Holt, Laura (1)
- Homan, Carine (1)
- Homan, Carine D. (1)
- Homuth, Benjamin (1)
- Hooyberghs, Hans (1)
- Hornung, Jens (1)
- Hou, Alicia (1)
- Hudson, J. Harold (1)
- Hungate, Bruce A. (1)
- Häuserer, Michael (1)
- Höfer, Heidi E. (1)
- Hörtnagl, Lukas (1)
- Hösen, Elisabeth (1)
- Hösen, Maria Elisabeth (1)
- Igel, Jan (1)
- Ionov, Dmitri A. (1)
- Irl, Severin (1)
- Irl, Severin D. H. (1)
- Isaksen, I. S. A. (1)
- Isaksen, Ivar S.A. (1)
- Ivanova, Ekaterina (1)
- Ivanova, Elena V. (1)
- Ivashko, Oleh (1)
- Iversen, Colleen M. (1)
- Iyer, Siddharth (1)
- Jacob, Dorrit (1)
- Jacobsen, Benjamin (1)
- Jaeschke, Wolfgang (1)
- Jain, Atul Kumar (1)
- Jakovlev, Andrey (1)
- Jansen, Hendrik (1)
- Jaspers, Ulrike (1)
- Ji, Wenjie (1)
- Jiao, Yukun (1)
- Johnson, Matthew F. (1)
- Jones, Matthew D. (1)
- Jones, Rod L. (1)
- Joshi, Hari Datt (1)
- Juarez-Arellano, Erick A. (1)
- Jud, Werner (1)
- Jurányi, Zsófia (1)
- Juvigné, Etienne (1)
- Jördens, Judith (1)
- Kahrmann, Katharina (1)
- Kajos, Maija (1)
- Kalinka, Frank (1)
- Kalkreuth, Wolfgang (1)
- Kalthoff, Norbert (1)
- Kanjilal, Suranita (1)
- Karahan, Ali E. (1)
- Karandikar, Amol (1)
- Karl, Jason W. (1)
- Katrynski, Krzysztof (1)
- Katrynski, Krzysztof Stanislaw (1)
- Kaufmann, Martin (1)
- Kawatani, Yoshio (1)
- Keir, Derek (1)
- Kellett, Barry (1)
- Kemmer, Laura (1)
- Kendall, J. Michael (1)
- Kerzenmacher, Tobias (1)
- Kienberger, Stefan (1)
- Kier, Carlo (1)
- Kim, Changhyuk (1)
- Kim, Young-Ha (1)
- Kirshbaum, Daniel J. (1)
- Klama, Kai Olaf (1)
- Klein, Rupert (1)
- Klein, Sabine (1)
- Klein, Thomas (1)
- Klein, Tina (1)
- Kleine, Barbara I. (1)
- Kleine, Carola-Ellen (1)
- Kleinschmidt, Georg (1)
- Klocke, Daniel (1)
- Klostermann, Lars (1)
- Knauz, Alena (1)
- Kneier, Fabian (1)
- Knickel, Karlheinz W. (1)
- Kniest, Jorit F. (1)
- Kokkalis, Panagiotis (1)
- Komppula, Mika (1)
- Konecke, Brian (1)
- Kong, Weimeng (1)
- Kooijman, Ellen (1)
- Korsakov, Andrey (1)
- Kotroni, Vassiliki (1)
- Kottas, Michael (1)
- Koulakov, Ivan (1)
- Kramer, Koen (1)
- Kramm, Gerhard (1)
- Kraushaar, Sabine (1)
- Krebs, Florian (1)
- Krechmer, Jordan (1)
- Kreichauf, René (1)
- Kretschmer, Ernst (1)
- Kristiansen, Glen (1)
- Krol, Maarten (1)
- Kroon, Dick (1)
- Krsnik, Emilija (1)
- Krüger, Mira (1)
- Kudernatsch, Thomas (1)
- Kuhn, David (1)
- Kuhnert, Ralph (1)
- Kullmer, Ottmar (1)
- Kulmatiski, Andrew (1)
- Kumar, Amit (1)
- Kumar, Rohini (1)
- Kumschick, Sabrina (1)
- Kupzig, Jenny (1)
- Kvashin, Alexander N. (1)
- Kvashnin, Alexander N. (1)
- Köhler, Jonas (1)
- Köhler, Martin (1)
- Köhn, Daniel (1)
- König, Matthias (1)
- Kühnel, Sandy (1)
- Kılıç, Doğuşhan (1)
- Lagomarsino, Laura P. (1)
- Lamkaddam, Houssni (1)
- Lampilahti, Janne (1)
- Lampimäki, Marku (1)
- Lapp, Manuel (1)
- Laurila, Tiia (1)
- Lauwaeta, Dirk (1)
- Le Roux, Véronique (1)
- Leau, Erica S. de (1)
- Lee, Chuan Ping (1)
- Lehner, Bernhard L. (1)
- Leitner, Jan (1)
- Leng, Guoyong (1)
- Lenz, Olaf (1)
- Leonhardt, Dietmar (1)
- Leppä, Johannes (1)
- Lerosey-Aubril, Rudy (1)
- Leroy, Sylvie (1)
- Li, Cheng-Sen (1)
- Liehr, Stefan (1)
- Lillestol, Egil (1)
- Lindenfeld, Michael (1)
- Linge Johnsen, Simen Alexander (1)
- Linke, Peter (1)
- Lionello, Piero (1)
- Lister, Adrian M. (1)
- Liu, Bangjun (1)
- Liu, Daijun (1)
- Liu, Ming-Chang (1)
- Liu, Yongchun (1)
- Liu, Zhigao (1)
- Lloyd, Gary (1)
- Lockwood, Michael (1)
- Loewenstein, Max (1)
- Lopez, Taryn (1)
- Lorenz-Meyer, Andreas (1)
- Loreto, Francesco (1)
- Lott, Francois (1)
- Lotter, André (1)
- Lotter, André F. (1)
- Loukonen, Ville (1)
- Lu, Chaojin (1)
- Lu, Meng (1)
- Lu, Xingjie (1)
- Lucarini, Valerio (1)
- Luchs, Timo (1)
- Ludwig, Fulco (1)
- Luerweg, Frank (1)
- Luo, Yiqi (1)
- Lutz-Bachmann, Matthias (1)
- Luus, Kristina (1)
- Lyons, Mitchell B. (1)
- López-Puertas, Manuel (1)
- Löffler, Niklas (1)
- Löwer, Alexander (1)
- Lütkemeier, Robert (1)
- Ma, Chi (1)
- MacKenzie, Brian R. (1)
- MacPherson, Glenn J. (1)
- Magdaleno, Fernando (1)
- Maier, Norbert (1)
- Maiheu, Bino (1)
- Makkonen, Ulla (1)
- Maltitz, Graham P. von (1)
- Mamali, Dimitra (1)
- Mamouri, Rodanthi (1)
- Mangoen, Stephane (1)
- Mantzouni, Irene (1)
- Marie, Guillaume (1)
- Markevich, Valentina S. (1)
- Marriner, Nick (1)
- Marsh, Nigel D. (1)
- Marten, Ruby (1)
- Martin, Robert F. (1)
- Martus, Peter (1)
- Martínez, Felipe I. (1)
- Martı́nez, Felipe I. (1)
- Marzen, Miriam (1)
- Mashchuk, Irina M. (1)
- Massimetti, Francesco (1)
- Massonne, Hans-Joachim (1)
- Massuyeau, Malcolm (1)
- Matjuschkin, Vladimir (1)
- Maumus, Jérôme (1)
- Maurer, Vera (1)
- Mauritz, Marguerite E. (1)
- Mbonigaba Muhinda, Jean Jacques (1)
- McCammon, Catherine (1)
- McGrath, Matthew J. (1)
- McIntire, Cameron D. (1)
- McLandress, C. (1)
- Medina, Félix M. (1)
- Medlyn, Belinda E. (1)
- Megonigal, J. Patrick (1)
- Meier, Karl J. F. (1)
- Merkel, Maik (1)
- Metzen, Daniel (1)
- Midgley, Guy F. (1)
- Mikhailenko, Denis (1)
- Millonig, Leo J. (1)
- Milner Garcia, Sara (1)
- Milz, Mathias (1)
- Mirone, Alessandro (1)
- Moellendorf, Darrel (1)
- Moore, David P. (1)
- Morgenroth, Wolfgang (1)
- Morin, Efrat (1)
- Mountain, Bruce W. (1)
- Muirhead, James D. (1)
- Muller, Caroline (1)
- Mumford, Samuel (1)
- Munsch, Pascal (1)
- Muraschko, Jewgenija (1)
- Murillo, Lucía Caudillo (1)
- Mutius, Richard von (1)
- Mutz, Sebastian G. (1)
- Muvundja, Fabrice (1)
- Myers-Smith, Isla H. (1)
- Márquez-Ramírez, Victor Hugo (1)
- Mäkelä, Jyrki (1)
- Méndez-Barroso, Luis Arturo (1)
- Müller, Frank (1)
- Müller, Mathias (1)
- Müller, Tatjana (1)
- Müller-Tautges, Christina (1)
- Naoe, Hiroaki (1)
- Naoum, Maria Eleni (1)
- Nawa, Viktor Peter (1)
- Nebel, Oliver (1)
- Nenes, Athanasios (1)
- Nentwig, Wolfgang (1)
- Neubauer, Dieter (1)
- Neumann, Hermann (1)
- Nguepjouo Megaptche, Diderot Serge (1)
- Nichovic, Slobodan (1)
- Niederhöfer, Anja (1)
- Nitsche, Helga (1)
- Nitsche, Tobias (1)
- Njiekak, Gautier (1)
- Noordmann, Janine (1)
- Norby, Richard J. (1)
- Nowacki, Dirk (1)
- Nowak, John B. (1)
- Obermeier, Alexander (1)
- Oel, Pieter van (1)
- Ogubazghi, Ghebrebrhan (1)
- Ono, Shuhei (1)
- Oren, Ram (1)
- Ország, Gábor (1)
- Osborne, Anne (1)
- Osprey, Scott (1)
- Ostberg, Sebastian (1)
- Otter, Laura M. (1)
- Otto, Robert (1)
- Ouedraogo, Issa (1)
- Paasonen, Pauli (1)
- Palitzsch, Katrin (1)
- Palmer, Paul I. (1)
- Palomares Martínez, Angel (1)
- Pang, Long-Gang (1)
- Panthou, Gérémy (1)
- Papa, Fabrice (1)
- Papastefanou, Phillip (1)
- Papeschi, Samuele (1)
- Partoll, Eva (1)
- Passananti, Monica (1)
- Patta Pillar, Valério de (1)
- Paulsen, Christian (1)
- Pedersen, E. (1)
- Pedersen, Jens Olaf Pepke (1)
- Peiris, Thedini Asali (1)
- Peräkylä, Otso (1)
- Pestchevitskaya, Ekaterina (1)
- Peter, Sarah (1)
- Petersen, Hannah (1)
- Petrunin, Alexey G. (1)
- Petschick, Rainer (1)
- Petzold, Knut (1)
- Pfeiffer, Eva-Maria (1)
- Pfeiffer, Mirjam (1)
- Pfeifroth, Uwe Anton (1)
- Pham, Trang Van (1)
- Philippov, Maxim (1)
- Pieper, Andrea (1)
- Pint, Anna (1)
- Pinzón López, Juan I. (1)
- Podladchikov, Yuri (1)
- Podrascanin, Zorica (1)
- Pokhrel, Yadu (1)
- Polly, P. David (1)
- Polny, Josef (1)
- Portmann, Felix (1)
- Pospisilova, Veronika (1)
- Pothapakula, Praveen Kumar (1)
- Potouridis, Theodoros (1)
- Potthast, Roland (1)
- Power, Simon C. (1)
- Prakapenka, Vitali (1)
- Prakapenka, Vitali B. (1)
- Presnyakova, Darya (1)
- Prigent, Catherine (1)
- Pringle, Kirsty (1)
- Proestakis, Emmanouil (1)
- Protsch, Reiner R. R. (1)
- Prošek, Jiří (1)
- Pugh, Thomas A. M. (1)
- Purr, Christopher (1)
- Pécskay, Zoltán (1)
- Pérez-Díaz, Lucia (1)
- Pétrequin, Pierre (1)
- Quintana‑Segui, Pere (1)
- Quinteros Cartaya, Claudia (1)
- Quinteros-Cartaya, Claudia (1)
- Rabbel, Wolfgang (1)
- Ragozin, Alexey (1)
- Ramme, Alfons (1)
- Rammensee, Philipp (1)
- Rammig, Anja (1)
- Ranjithkumar, Ananth (1)
- Rankenburg, Kai (1)
- Ranta, Eemu (1)
- Rap, Alexandru (1)
- Rapp, Markus (1)
- Reale, Marco (1)
- Reddington, Carly L. (1)
- Regnery, Julia (1)
- Reichart, Gerardus-Jan (1)
- Reichl, Ulrike (1)
- Reichmann, Hans Josef (1)
- Reimann, Cornelia R. (1)
- Remedios, John J. (1)
- Reshetova, Svetlana A. (1)
- Reyer, Christopher (1)
- Rhee, Tae Siek (1)
- Rhoderick, George J. (1)
- Ribstein, Bruno (1)
- Richter, Jadwiga H. (1)
- Ridder, Koen de (1)
- Riegel, Walter (1)
- Rigby, Matthew (1)
- Ringsdorf, Akima (1)
- Ritter, Benedikt (1)
- Rivard, Camille (1)
- Rizzo, Luciana V. (1)
- Robin, Jóhann Gunnarsson (1)
- Rohdenburg, Heinrich (1)
- Rollion-Bard, Claire (1)
- Romano, Sandra (1)
- Romero-Lankao, Patricia (1)
- Roozbahani, Amin (1)
- Roozendael, Michel van (1)
- Rosenhauer, Matthias (1)
- Rossetti, Federico (1)
- Rossi, Juana Norma (1)
- Rotach, Mathias (1)
- Rudolf, Bruno (1)
- Ruh, Sabine Theadora (1)
- Runge, Jürgen (1)
- Ruthensteiner, Bernhard (1)
- Ryan, Edmund (1)
- Röhnert, Daniel (1)
- Röhr, Christian (1)
- Römermann, Christine (1)
- Rörup, Birte (1)
- Rüpke, Lars (1)
- Salameh, Peter K. (1)
- Salat, Christina (1)
- Saltzman, Eric S. (1)
- Sanchez-Gomez, Emilia (1)
- Sanchez-Lorenzo, Arturo (1)
- Sandrock, Oliver (1)
- Sanz-Ablanedo, Enoc (1)
- Sarafian, Adam (1)
- Sauer, Katherine J. (1)
- Sauerbruch, Tilman (1)
- Sawadogo-Kaboré, Séraphine (1)
- Saxena, Sabine (1)
- Say, Dan (1)
- Scambelluri, Marco (1)
- Scheel, Hans-Eckhart (1)
- Scheidegger, Christoph (1)
- Schemm-Gregory, Mena-Daniela (1)
- Schemmel, Fabian (1)
- Schenk, Ludwig P. (1)
- Scherer, Daniel (1)
- Schervish, Meredith (1)
- Schiebener, Leonie (1)
- Schierwagen, Robert (1)
- Schlegel, Kristian (1)
- Schleifer, Norbert (1)
- Schmid, Fabienne (1)
- Schmidt, Esther Dorothe (1)
- Schmitt, Dominik (1)
- Schnick, Wolfgang (1)
- Schohl, Nils (1)
- Schollenbruch, Klaus (1)
- Scholz, Wiebke (1)
- Schreiber, Christoph (1)
- Schrenk, Friedemann (1)
- Schreuer, Jürgen (1)
- Schultz, Sandra (1)
- Schulz, Hartmut (1)
- Schulze, Kerstin (1)
- Schulze-Brüninghoff, Damian (1)
- Schumann, Andreas (1)
- Schwardt, Michaela (1)
- Schwarzenbach, Esther (1)
- Schwatke, Christian (1)
- Schweiger, Oliver (1)
- Schäfer, Sophia (1)
- Schär, Christoph (1)
- Schöne, Luisa (1)
- Schönhals, Ernst (1)
- Schüler, Katja (1)
- Scinocca, John (1)
- Scott, Catherine E. (1)
- Seeger, Friederike (1)
- Seeger, Katharina (1)
- Seeger, Manuel (1)
- Seitz, Hans-Michael (1)
- Senf, Fabian (1)
- Serafin, Stefano (1)
- Serva, Federico (1)
- Sgoff, Christine (1)
- Shadkam, Somayeh (1)
- Shahraki, Meysam (1)
- Sharma, Nayan (1)
- Shaw, Cliff S. J. (1)
- Shimizu, Nobumichi (1)
- Shollenberger, Quinn R. (1)
- Shu, Qiao (1)
- Shu, Shijie (1)
- Shvedov, Gennadiy I. (1)
- Siebert, Julien (1)
- Silva, Catarina (1)
- Silva, Maria Joana Ferreira da Silva (1)
- Silva, Nicolas Da (1)
- Simmonds, Peter (1)
- Simon, Adam (1)
- Simon, Nina (1)
- Simpson, Isla R. (1)
- Singer, Christiane (1)
- Singh, Shanker Pratap (1)
- Sinitsa, Sofia M. (1)
- Skrzypek, Klaudius Peter (1)
- Smit, Julian L. (1)
- Solomos, Stavros (1)
- Sommer, Jens (1)
- Somot, Samuel (1)
- Spada, Giorgio (1)
- Spezzaferri, Silvia (1)
- Stagno, Vincenzo (1)
- Stainbank, Stephanie (1)
- Stalter, Daniel (1)
- Stan, Camelia V. (1)
- Stanley, Kieran (1)
- Stanley, Kieran M. (1)
- Stavroulas, Iasonas (1)
- Steck, Tilman (1)
- Steele, Caitriana M. (1)
- Steinbauer, Manuel J. (1)
- Steinberg, Holger Kai (1)
- Steiner, Heiko (1)
- Stekiel, Michal (1)
- Stengel, Martin (1)
- Stenseth, Nils C. (1)
- Stiperski, Ivana (1)
- Stobbe, Astrid (1)
- Stockdale, Timothy N. (1)
- Storz, David (1)
- Streit, Verena (1)
- Stuart, Anthony J. (1)
- Stuart, Finlay M. (1)
- Stuart, Graham W. (1)
- Stäblein, Gerhard (1)
- Stękiel, Michał (1)
- Su, Nan (1)
- Sudo, Masafumi (1)
- Suminska-Ebersoldt, Olga (1)
- Sun, Youbin (1)
- Sun, Yuzhuang (1)
- Suárez-Seoane, Susana (1)
- Sveinbjörnsdóttir, Árný E. (1)
- Svensmark, Henrik (1)
- Svensmark, J. (1)
- Swart, Peter Koenraad (1)
- Sykes, Martin T. (1)
- Söller, Linda (1)
- Söllner, Frank (1)
- Sørensen, Helle (1)
- Taguchi, Masakazu (1)
- Talbot, Robert (1)
- Talhelm, Alan (1)
- Tamura, Nobumichi (1)
- Tao, Mengchu (1)
- Tassi, Franco (1)
- Tauber, Christian (1)
- Thavhana, Mulalo Precious (1)
- Thiemeyer, Nicolas (1)
- Thimm, Georg (1)
- Thoma, Markus (1)
- Thomson, Stuart N. (1)
- Tichomirowa, Marion (1)
- Tilgner, Andreas (1)
- Tillmann, Tanja (1)
- Timmers, Heiko (1)
- Tisler, Priit (1)
- Tomašových, Adam (1)
- Tomé, António (1)
- Torma, Csaba Zsolt (1)
- Toselli, Alejandro J. (1)
- Trebicka, Jonel (1)
- Trimby, Patrick (1)
- Triviño, Maria (1)
- Tsekeri, Alexandra (1)
- Tödter, Julian (1)
- Tögl, Anja Christine (1)
- Ulanovskii, Alexey (1)
- Uschner, Frank Erhard (1)
- Vacchi, Matteo (1)
- Vakkari, Ville (1)
- Van Ranst, Eric (1)
- Van Roozendael, Michel (1)
- Vargas Zesati, Sergio A. (1)
- Vartianinen, E. (1)
- Veenhof, Rob (1)
- Verestek, Verena (1)
- Verheggen, Bart (1)
- Versick, Stefan (1)
- Vetter, Vanessa (1)
- Večenaj, Željko (1)
- Viljoen, K.S. (1)
- Villarreal, Miguel L. (1)
- Virkkula, Aki (1)
- Visser, Fleur (1)
- Viveiros, Fatima (1)
- Vogel, Johanna (1)
- Vollmer, Martin (1)
- Wachendorf, Michael (1)
- Wagener, Thorsten (1)
- Walentowitz, Anna (1)
- Walker, Anthony P. (1)
- Wallraff, Jonas Peter (1)
- Walser, André (1)
- Walter, Benjamin Florian (1)
- Walther, Marcus (1)
- Walther, Thomas (1)
- Wang, Dongyu S. (1)
- Wang, Xin-Nian (1)
- Wang, Ying-Ping (1)
- Wang, Yu-Fei (1)
- Ward, Daniel S. (1)
- Warren, Jeffrey M. (1)
- Watanabe, Shingo (1)
- Wattenbach, Martin (1)
- Weber, A. (1)
- Weber, Stefan K. (1)
- Weber, Yuki (1)
- Wehrle, Günther (1)
- Wei, Junhong (1)
- Weigl, Elmar (1)
- Weinhold, Kay (1)
- Weitz, Lena (1)
- Wennrich, Volker (1)
- Werner, A. (1)
- Westner, Katrin Julia (1)
- Weverberg, Kwinten Van (1)
- Whitehouse, Martin J. (1)
- Widayat, Agus (1)
- Widayat, Agus Haris (1)
- Widodo, Sri (1)
- Wiehl, Leonore (1)
- Wienhold, Franck G. (1)
- Wienhold, Franck G. (1)
- Wild, Martin (1)
- Wilde, Volker (1)
- Wilhelm, Jannik (1)
- Wilhelmsson, Mats (1)
- Wilke, Max (1)
- Wilken, Dennis (1)
- Willems, Patrick (1)
- Willis, Stephen G. (1)
- Willner, Arne (1)
- Wintel, Johannes (1)
- Wirnsberger, Hannes (1)
- Wiseman, Clare L. S. (1)
- Wisshak, Max (1)
- Wittenhagen, Julia (1)
- Wlasits, Peter J. (1)
- Wohlfahrt, Georg (1)
- Wojcikiewicz, Robert (1)
- Woodcock, Ben A. (1)
- Wouters, Jeroen (1)
- Wu, Yusheng (1)
- Wunderlich, Jürgen (1)
- Wunderlich, Tina (1)
- Wurst, Klaus (1)
- Wéber, A. (1)
- Xia, Jianyang (1)
- Xiao, Lin (1)
- Xypolias, Paraskevas (1)
- Yan, Xiaolu (1)
- Yang, Bai (1)
- Yans, Johan (1)
- Yao, Yi-Feng (1)
- Yaoming, Ma (1)
- Yaxley, Gregory M. (1)
- Ye, Qing (1)
- Yokouchi, Yoko (1)
- Yoshida, Kohei (1)
- Yukimoto, Seiji (1)
- Yushko, Vladimir A. (1)
- Yver, Camille E. (1)
- Zaherpour, Jamal (1)
- Zak, Donald R. (1)
- Zang, Christian S. (1)
- Zardi, Dino (1)
- Zauner-Wieczorek, Marcel (1)
- Zennaro, Barbara (1)
- Zha, Qiaozhi (1)
- Zhang, Manlin (1)
- Zhang, Xuan (1)
- Zhang, Zengjie (1)
- Zheng, Feixue (1)
- Zhou, Kai (1)
- Zhou, Xueqin (1)
- Zhou, Ying (1)
- Ziehe, Daniel (1)
- Zimmermann, Lutz Leroy (1)
- Zimmermann, Martin von (1)
- Zulauf, Janet (1)
- da Silva, Maria Joana Ferreira (1)
- de Wall, Helga (1)
- d’Oliveira Coelho, João (1)
- Önol, Bariş (1)
- Šarić, Kristina (1)
- Šı́mová, Petra (1)
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (593)
- Doctoral Thesis (139)
- Book (25)
- Contribution to a Periodical (21)
- Conference Proceeding (19)
- Working Paper (19)
- Part of Periodical (10)
- Diploma Thesis (8)
- diplomthesis (7)
- Preprint (6)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (872)
Keywords
- climate change (13)
- Climate change (5)
- Geochemistry (5)
- Klimaänderung (5)
- Atmospheric chemistry (4)
- Boden (4)
- Deutschland (4)
- Klima (4)
- Modellierung (4)
- Stratosphäre (4)
Institute
- Geowissenschaften (872)
- Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft (59)
- Präsidium (49)
- Biodiversität und Klima Forschungszentrum (BiK-F) (45)
- Geographie (26)
- Biowissenschaften (15)
- Medizin (11)
- Physik (7)
- Institut für Ökologie, Evolution und Diversität (6)
- Biochemie und Chemie (5)
Winterhalter, Richard ; Kippenberger, Matthias ; Williams, Jonathan ; Fries, Elke ; Sieg, Karsten ; Moortgat, Geert K.
Samples of freshly fallen snow were collected at the high alpine research station Jungfraujoch (Switzerland) in February and March 2006 and 2007, during the Cloud and Aerosol Characterization Experiments (CLACE) 5 and 6. In this study a new technique has been developed and demonstrated for the measurement of organic acids in fresh snow. The melted snow samples were subjected to solid phase extraction and resulting solution analysed for organic acids by HPLC-MS-TOF using negative electrospray ionization. A series of linear dicarboxylic acids from C5 to C13 and phthalic acid, were identified and quantified. In several samples the biogenic acid pinonic acid was also observed. In fresh snow the median concentration of the most abundant acid, adipic acid, was 0.69 µg L−1 in 2006 and 0.70 µg L−1 in 2007. Glutaric acid was the second most abundant dicarboxylic acid found with median values of 0.46 µg L−1 in 2006 and 0.61 µg L−1 in 2007, while the aromatic acid phthalic acid showed a median concentration of 0.34 µg L−1 in 2006 and 0.45 µg L−1 in 2007. The concentrations in the samples from various snowfall events varied significantly, and were found to be dependent on the back trajectory of the air mass arriving at Jungfraujoch. Air masses of marine origin showed the lowest concentrations of acids whereas the highest concentrations were measured when the air mass was strongly influenced by boundary layer air.
This PhD thesis has been carried out within an interdisciplinary cooperational project between the Deutsches Bergbau-Museum Bochum and the Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, which is dedicated to ancient Pb-Ag mining and metal production in the hinterland of the municipium Ulpiana in central Kosovo. Geochemical analysis (OM, XRD, EMP, MC-ICP-MS) of ores, metallurgical (by-) products and metal artefacts allowed to reconstruct the local chaîne opératoire and to decipher significant chronological differences between presumably Roman/late antique and medieval/early modern metallurgical processing. Pb isotope provenance studies documented the relevance of local metal production within the Roman Empire and confirmed the actual existence of a Metalla Dardanica district, which until now solely has been suspected on basis of epigraphy.
The predominant abundance of the by-products matte (Cu, Pb, Fe and Zn sulphides) and speiss (ferrous speiss: Fe-As compounds; base metal speiss: ~(Cu,Ni,Fe,Ag )x(Sb,Sn,As )y ) at smelting sites with a preliminary Roman/late antique dating points to treatment of complex polymetallic ore. Pb isotope analysis demonstrated that the mining district of Shashkoc-Janjevo (partially) supplied six of the ten investigated metallurgical sites. In this mineralisation, parageneses with elevated Cu, As and Sb abundances comprise significant proportions of particularly tennantite-tetrahedrite minerals, chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite and were generated during the early and main stages of ore formation. Later precipitated ore in contrast is marked by a significantly less versatile mineralogy and consists almost exclusively of galena, sphalerite and pyrite/marcasite. Besides increased Cu, As and Sb contents, ore from the main formation stage also exhibits generally higher Ag abundances, which are mainly hosted by fahlore and locally abundant secondary Cu sulphides (chalcocite, digenite and covellite) and oxidised phases (e.g. malachite, azurite). The higher precious metal grades of this ore type, whose geochemical signature (i.e. higher proportions of Cu, As and Sb) is mirrored by the abundance of the metallurgical by-products matte and speiss (almost exclusively found at potentially Roman/late antique smelting sites; see above), presumably were a pivotal factor leading to its preferential exploitation in earlier times. Matte and base metal-rich speiss contain notable amounts of Ag, which are mainly present in Cu-(Fe) sulphides and particularly antimonides ((Cu,Ni)2Sb, Ag3Sb), respectively. While the speiss compounds due to their close association with Pb bullion presumably were cupelled automatically, the metallurgical treatment of matte could not have been proven unambiguously, but overall certainly is highly likely.
The beneficiated ore (i.e. crushed and sorted, potentially also treated by more lavish techniques such as grinding, sieving or wet-mechanical methods) possibly was partially roasted and subsequently together with fluxes and charcoal submitted to the furnaces. The working temperatures approximately ranged between 1100 and 1400 °C. Slags from all presumably Roman/late antique dated and few of their potentially medieval/early modern analogues were produced from smelting of (partially roasted) ore with charcoal and added siliceous material, thus resulting in fayalite-dominant phase assemblages or rarely observed glassy parageneses. Even though several subtypes of fayalite slags have been established on basis of the abundance of Fe-rich oxide phases (i.e. spinel ss and wüstite), late clinopyroxene and the general solidification sequence of the slags, the process conditions (i.e. temperature, fO2, added fluxing agents) must have been widely similar; chemical variations could be explained by varying degrees of interaction of the slag melt with charcoal ash and furnace material. The other investigated metallurgical remains indicate employment of a calcareous flux, which led to formation of Ca-rich olivine-, olivine+clinopyroxene-, clinopyroxene- or melilite-type slags. These types as well as glassy slags were generated at more oxidising conditions outside the fayalite stability field (FMQ buffer equilibrium, cf. Lindsley, 1976) than their olivine-dominant analogues. Conclusions on the furnace construction could be drawn on basis of the typology of the slags, which mostly were tapped into a basin located outside the furnace, but partially (at two presumably medieval/early modern sites) also accumulated in a reservoir within the smelter.
Lead artefacts excavated in Ulpiana could be isotopically related to ores from mineralisations in its vicinity and demonstrate that the resources were at least utilised for local metal production. However, also ship wreck cargo from Israel - including several lead ingots with the inscription 'MET DARD' (Raban, 1999) - and late antique lead-glazed pottery from Serbia and Romania (Walton & Tite, 2010) could be related to a possible Kosovarian/Serbian provenance of the raw material and thus indicate flourishing trade of metal from the Metalla Dardanica district within the Roman Empire.
References:
Lindsley, D. H. (1976). Experimental studies of oxide minerals. In D. Rumble, III (Hrsg.), Oxide minerals (61-88). Reviews in Mineralogy, Volume 3. Washington, DC: Mineralogical Society of America.
Raban, A. (1999). The lead ingots from the wreck site (area K8). Journal of Roman Archaeology, Supplementary Series, 35, 179-188.
Walton, M. S., & Tite, M. S. (2010). Production technology of Roman lead-glazed pottery and its continuance into late antiquity. Archaeometry, 52(5), 733-759.
Engel, Andreas ; Bönisch, Harald ; Ullrich, Markus ; Sitals, Robert ; Membrive, Olivier ; Danis, François ; Crevoisier, Cyril
Mean age of stratospheric air can be derived from observations of sufficiently long lived trace gases with approximately linear trends in the troposphere. Mean age can serve as a tracer to investigate stratospheric transport and long term changes in the strength of the overturning Brewer-Dobson circulation of the stratosphere. For this purpose, a low-cost method is required in order to allow for regular observations up to altitudes of about 30 km. Despite the desired low costs, high precision and accuracy are required in order to allow determination of mean age. We present balloon borne AirCore observations from two mid latitude sites: Timmins in Ontario/Canada and Lindenberg in Germany. During the Timmins campaign five AirCores sampled air in parallel from a large stratospheric balloon and were analysed for CO2, CH4 and partly CO. We show that there is good agreement between the different AirCores (better than 0.1 %) especially when vertical gradients are small. The measurements from Lindenberg were performed using small low-cost balloons and yielded very comparable results. We have used the observations to extend our long term data set of mean age observations at Northern Hemi-sphere mid latitudes. The time series now covers more than 40 years and shows a small, statis-tically not significant positive trend of 0.15 ± 0.18 years/decade. This trend is slightly smaller than the previous estimate of 0.24 ± 0.22 years/decade which was based on observations up to the year 2006. These observations are still in contrast to strong negative trends of mean age as derived from some model calculations.
Ziel der Arbeit war es, die Flugzeitmassenspektrometrie als neue Analysemethode für die instrumentelle Analytik halogenierter Spurengase in der Luft zu etablieren. Die grundle-gende Motivation dafür ist, dass anthropogene Emissionen vieler Vertreter dieser Sub-stanzklasse einen negativen Einfluss auf die Umwelt zeigen: in der Atmosphäre agieren die Substanzen bzw. ihre Abbauprodukte als Katalysatoren für den stratosphärischen Ozonab-bau und verstärken den Strahlungsantrieb der Erde durch Absorption elektromagnetischer Strahlung im sogenannten atmosphärischen Fenster. Um diese Effekte und deren Auswir-kung quantifizieren zu können, ist es notwendig, Konzentrationen und Trends der Substan-zen in der Atmosphäre zu überwachen. Nur so können Gegenmaßnahmen wie Produktions-reglementierungen geplant und bewertet werden. In Kombination mit inverser Modellie-rung können zudem Rückschlüsse über tatsächlich emittierten Mengen gezogen werden. Dies stellt den Anspruch an die Analytik, sehr geringe Mengen dieser Gase sehr präzise quantifizieren zu können, um auch schwache Trends zu erkennen. Zudem muss die Analy-semethode die Möglichkeit zu bieten, mit der wachsenden Anzahl bekannter und zu über-wachender Substanzen Schritt zu halten. Besonders für letzteren Aspekt bietet die Flug-zeitmassenspektrometrie einen entscheidenden Vorteil gegenüber der „konventionellen“ Methode, der Quadrupolmassenspektrometrie: sie zeichnet das gesamten Massenspektrum auf ohne dadurch an Empfindlichkeit einzubüßen. Um das atmosphärische Mischungsver-hältnis von Substanzen im Bereich von pmol mol−1 bis fmol mol−1 bestimmen zu können, muss das Quadrupolmassenspektrometer im Single Ion Monitoring Modus betrieben wer-den – so wird zwar eine hohe Sensitivität erreicht, es wird aber auch nur die Intensität eines bestimmten Masse zu Ladungsverhältnisses (kurz: Masse) zu einem Zeitpunkt aufgezeich-net. Ein Flugzeitmassenspektrometer hingegen extrahiert Ionen mit einer Frequenz im Ki-loherzbereich und zeichnet für jede Extraktion das vollständige Flugzeitspektrum und da-mit Massenspektrum auf.
Aufgabe dieser Arbeit war es, ein Flugzeitmassenspektrometer mit vorgeschalteter Pro-benanreicherungseinheit sowie Gaschromatograph zur Trennung des Subtanzgemisches vor der Detektion aufzubauen und Werkzeuge zur Datenauswertung zu entwickeln. Um einen zukünftigen Feldeinsatz vorzubereiten, sollte der Aufbau möglichst kompakt, mobil und vollständig automatisiert sein. Anschließend sollte Empfindlichkeit, Präzision und dynami-scher Messbereich geprüft, optimiert und die Anwendbarkeit zur Analyse halogenierter Spurengase gezeigt werden. Die Ergebnisse aus der in der vorliegenden Arbeit präsentier-ten Geräteentwicklung finden sich in drei Publikationen wieder, welche in thematischer Reihenfolge die Probenanreicherung (Obersteiner et al., 2016b), den Vergleich von Quadrupol- und Flugzeitmassenspektrometrie (Hoker et al., 2015) sowie Eigenschaften und Anwendung des neuen Aufbaus (Obersteiner et al., 2016a) behandeln. Mit den genannten Aufsätzen ist die Arbeitsgruppe Engel weltweit die erste, welche hochpräzise Analytik ha-logenierter Spurengase routinemäßig mittels Flugzeitmassenspektrometrie durchführt. Der nächste Schritt ist der Übergang von der Laboranwendung zur Feldmessung, z.B. in Form von bodenbasierter in situ Analyse troposphärischer Luftmassen am Taunus Observatorium auf dem Kleinen Feldberg. Da es bisher keine Messstation für die hier beschriebene analy-tische Fragestellung in Deutschland gibt, könnte eine deutliche Verbesserung der Überwa-chung halogenierter Treibhausgase und ozonzerstörender Substanzen in Europa erzielt wer-den. Weiterhin wäre eine Flugzeugapplikation in Zukunft denkbar, welche neben der durch das Flugzeitmassenspektrometer abgedeckten Substanzbandbreite auch von dessen hoher möglicher Spektrenrate profitieren könnte. In Kombination mit Hochgeschwindigkeitsgas-chromatographie könnte eine bisher unerreichte Zeitauflösung der Beprobung der Atmo-sphäre mittels Gaschromatographie-Massenspektrometrie erzielt werden.
Aerosolteilchen agieren als Kondensationskeime für Wolkentröpfchen (engl. Cloud Condensation Nuclei, CCN) oder Eiskristalle und sind deswegen für die Wolken- und Niederschlagsbildung entscheidend. Sowohl die Aerosolpartikel als auch die Wolken können Sonnenlicht effizient streuen, wodurch ein kühlender Effekt auf das Klima ausgeübt wird. Einige der Teilchen, wie z. B. aufgewirbelter Staub oder Seesalz, werden direkt in die Atmosphäre injiziert; der größte Anteil der Teilchen und etwa die Hälfte der CCN werden allerdings durch die Kondensation gasförmiger Substanzen gebildet. Dieser Prozess wird als Nukleation oder Partikelneubildung (engl. New Particle Formation, NPF) bezeichnet. Trotz intensiver Forschung ist die NPF noch nicht vollständig verstanden, was an der Komplexität der chemischen Abläufe in der Atmosphäre und an der Schwierigkeit liegt, die relevanten Substanzen bei extrem geringen Mischungsverhältnissen (etwa ein Molekül oder Cluster per 1012 bis 1015 Moleküle) zu identifizieren und zu quantifizieren. Neben der Frage nach den bei der Nukleation beteiligten Substanzen ist außerdem noch unklar, ob Ionen-induzierte Nukleation ein wichtiger Prozess für das Klima ist. Das CLOUD-Projekt (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets) am CERN soll diesen Fragen nachgehen, indem dort die Partikelbildung in einem Kammer-Experiment unter extrem gut kontrollierten Bedingungen simuliert wird. Die chemischen Systeme, die in dieser Schrift diskutiert werden, umfassen das binäre (H2SO4-H2O), das ternäre Ammoniak (H2SO4-H2O-NH3) und das ternäre Dimethylamin (H2SO4-H2O-(CH3)2NH)-System.
Einige der wesentlichen Ergebnisse von Experimenten an der CLOUD-Kammer werden diskutiert. Diese zeigen, dass das binäre und das ternäre Ammoniak System die atmosphärische Nukleation bei niedrigen Temperaturen erklären können, wohingegen das ternäre Dimethylamin System prinzipiell in der Lage ist, die hohen bodennahen Nukleationsraten bei atmosphärisch relevanten Schwefelsäure-Konzentrationen zu beschreiben. Des Weiteren werden zwei für Nukleationsstudien wesentliche Messmethoden vorgestellt. Das Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer (CIMS) wird zur Messung von gasförmiger Schwefelsäure verwendet, da H2SO4 vermutlich die wichtigste Substanz bei der atmosphärischen Nukleation ist. Das Chemical Ionization-Atmospheric Pressure interface-Time Of Flight (CI-APi-TOF) Massenspektrometer misst Schwefelsäure und neutrale Cluster. Beide Geräte wurden für den Einsatz bei CLOUD optimiert und instrumentelle Entwicklungen wurden in Bezug auf die Ionenquelle vorgenommen, die eine Korona-Entladung verwendet. Außerdem wurden eine Kalibrationseinheit zur Bereitstellung definierter Schwefelsäure-Konzentrationen entwickelt und das CI-APi-TOF aufgebaut. In Bezug auf das ternäre Dimethylamin System werden Nukleationsraten und die ersten Messungen von gro en nukleierenden neutralen Clustern präsentiert. Monomer- und Dimer-Konzentrationen der Schwefelsäure, die mit dem CIMS bei tiefen Temperaturen gemessen wurden, dienten der Ableitung der thermodynamischen Eigenschaften bei der Dimer-Bildung im binären und ternären Ammoniak System. Um möglichst exakte Nukleationsraten zu bestimmen, wurde eine neue Methode entwickelt, die es erlaubt, den Effekt der Selbst-Koagulation bei der Nukleation miteinzubeziehen.
Die zusammengefassten Studien tragen signifikant zum Verständnis der Partikelneubildung bei.
Boose, Yvonne ; Welti, André ; Atkinson, James ; Ramelli, Fabiola ; Danielczok, Anja ; Bingemer, Heinz ; Plötze, Michael ; Sierau, Berko ; Kanji, Zamin A. ; Lohmann, Ulrike
Desert dust is one of the most abundant ice nucleating particle types in the atmosphere. Traditionally, clay minerals were assumed to determine the ice nucleation ability of desert dust and constituted the focus of ice nucleation studies over several decades. Recently some feldspar species were identified to be ice active at much higher temperatures than clay minerals, redirecting studies to investigate the contribution of feldspar to ice nucleation on desert dust. However, so far no study has shown the atmospheric relevance of this mineral phase.
For this study four dust samples were collected after airborne transport in the troposphere from the Sahara to different locations (Crete, the Peloponnese, Canary Islands, and the Sinai Peninsula). Additionally, 11 dust samples were collected from the surface from nine of the biggest deserts worldwide. The samples were used to study the ice nucleation behavior specific to different desert dusts. Furthermore, we investigated how representative surface-collected dust is for the atmosphere by comparing to the ice nucleation activity of the airborne samples. We used the IMCA-ZINC setup to form droplets on single aerosol particles which were subsequently exposed to temperatures between 233 and 250 K. Dust particles were collected in parallel on filters for offline cold-stage ice nucleation experiments at 253–263 K. To help the interpretation of the ice nucleation experiments the mineralogical composition of the dusts was investigated. We find that a higher ice nucleation activity in a given sample at 253 K can be attributed to the K-feldspar content present in this sample, whereas at temperatures between 238 and 245 K it is attributed to the sum of feldspar and quartz content present. A high clay content, in contrast, is associated with lower ice nucleation activity. This confirms the importance of feldspar above 250 K and the role of quartz and feldspars determining the ice nucleation activities at lower temperatures as found by earlier studies for monomineral dusts. The airborne samples show on average a lower ice nucleation activity than the surface-collected ones. Furthermore, we find that under certain conditions milling can lead to a decrease in the ice nucleation ability of polymineral samples due to the different hardness and cleavage of individual mineral phases causing an increase of minerals with low ice nucleation ability in the atmospherically relevant size fraction. Comparison of our data set to an existing desert dust parameterization confirms its applicability for climate models. Our results suggest that for an improved prediction of the ice nucleation ability of desert dust in the atmosphere, the modeling of emission and atmospheric transport of the feldspar and quartz mineral phases would be key, while other minerals are only of minor importance.
Boose, Yvonne ; Welti, André ; Atkinson, James ; Ramelli, Fabiola ; Danielczok, Anja ; Bingemer, Heinz ; Plötze, Michael ; Sierau, Berko ; Kanji, Zamin A. ; Lohmann, Ulrike
Desert dust is one of the most abundant ice nucleating particle types in the atmosphere. Tra ditionally, clay minerals were assumed to determine the ice nucleation ability of desert dust and constituted the focus of ice nucleation studies. Only recently some feldspar species were identified to be ice-active at much higher temperatures than clay minerals, redirecting studies to investigate the contribution of feldspar to ice nucleation on desert dust. However, so far no study has shown the atmospheric relevance of this mineral phase.
For this study four dust samples were collected after airborne transport in the troposphere from the Sahara to different locations (Crete, the Peloponnese, Canary Islands and the Sinai Peninsula). Additionally, eleven dust samples were collected from the surface from nine of the biggest deserts worldwide. The samples were used to study the ice nucleation behavior specific to different desert dusts. Furthermore we investigated how representative ice nucleation on surface-collected dust is for that in the atmosphere by comparing to the ice nucleation activity of the airborne samples. We used the IMCA-ZINC set-up to form droplets on single aerosol particles which were subsequently exposed to temperatures between 233 - 250 K. Dust particles were collected in parallel on filters for offline cold stage ice nucleation experiments at 253 - 263 K. To help the interpretation of the results from the ice nucleation experiments the mineralogical composition of the dusts was investigated.We found that a higher ice nucleation activity in a given sample can be attributed at 253 K to the K-feldspar content present in this sample whereas at temperatures between 238 - 245 K it is attributed to the sum of feldspar and quartz content present. A high clay content on the other hand is associated with a lower ice nucleation activity of a sample. This confirms the importance of feldspar at T > 250 K and the role of quartz and feldspars determining the ice nucleation activities at lower T as found by earlier studies for monomineral dust surrogates. Furthermore, we find that milling may lead to a decrease in the ice nucleation ability of polymineral samples due to a change in mineralogical composition in the atmospherically relevant size fraction arising from the different hardness and cleavage of individual mineral phases. Comparison of our comprehensive data set to an existing desert dust parameterization confirms its applicability for climate models. Our results suggest that for an improved prediction of the ice nucleation ability of desert dust in the atmosphere, the modelling of emission and atmospheric transport of the feldspar and quartz mineral phases would be key while other minerals are only of minor importance.
Schmidt, Susan ; Schneider, Johannes ; Klimach, Thomas ; Mertes, Stephan ; Schenk, Ludwig Paul ; Kupiszewski, Piotr ; Curtius, Joachim ; Borrmann, Stephan
In situ single particle analysis of ice particle residuals (IPRs) and out-of-cloud aerosol particles was conducted by means of laser ablation mass spectrometry during the intensive INUIT-JFJ/CLACE campaign at the high alpine research station Jungfraujoch (3580 m a.s.l.) in January–February 2013. During the 4-week campaign more than 70 000 out-of-cloud aerosol particles and 595 IPRs were analyzed covering a particle size diameter range from 100 nm to 3 µm. The IPRs were sampled during 273 h while the station was covered by mixed-phase clouds at ambient temperatures between −27 and −6 °C. The identification of particle types is based on laboratory studies of different types of biological, mineral and anthropogenic aerosol particles. The outcome of these laboratory studies was characteristic marker peaks for each investigated particle type. These marker peaks were applied to the field data. In the sampled IPRs we identified a larger number fraction of primary aerosol particles, like soil dust (13 ± 5 %) and minerals (11 ± 5 %), in comparison to out-of-cloud aerosol particles (2.4 ± 0.4 and 0.4 ± 0.1 %, respectively). Additionally, anthropogenic aerosol particles, such as particles from industrial emissions and lead-containing particles, were found to be more abundant in the IPRs than in the out-of-cloud aerosol. In the out-of-cloud aerosol we identified a large fraction of aged particles (31 ± 5 %), including organic material and secondary inorganics, whereas this particle type was much less abundant (2.7 ± 1.3 %) in the IPRs. In a selected subset of the data where a direct comparison between out-of-cloud aerosol particles and IPRs in air masses with similar origin was possible, a pronounced enhancement of biological particles was found in the IPRs.
Schmidt, Susan ; Schneider, Johannes ; Klimach, Thomas ; Mertes, Stephan ; Schenk, Ludwig Paul ; Kupiszewski, Piotr ; Curtius, Joachim ; Borrmann, Stephan
In-situ single particle analysis of ice particle residuals (IPR) and out-of-cloud aerosol particles was conducted by means of laser ablation mass spectrometry during the intensive INUIT-JFJ/CLACE campaign at the high alpine research station Jungfraujoch (3580 m a.s.l.) in January/February 2013. During the four week campaign more than 70000 out-of-cloud aerosol particles and 595 IPR were analyzed covering a particle size diameter range from 100 nm to 3 μm. The IPR were sampled during 273 hours while the station was covered by mixed-phase clouds at ambient temperatures between -27 °C and -6 °C. The identification of particle types is based on laboratory studies of different types of biological, mineral and anthropogenic aerosol particles. As outcome instrument specific marker peaks for the different investigated particle types were obtained and applied to the field data. The results show that the sampled IPR contain a larger relative amount of natural, primary aerosol, like soil dust (13 %) and minerals (11 %), in comparison to out-of-cloud aerosol particles (2 % and <1 %, respectively). Additionally, anthropogenic aerosol particles, like particles from industrial emissions and lead-containing particles, were found to be more abundant in the IPR than in the out-of-cloud aerosol. The out of-cloud aerosol contained a large fraction of aged particles (30 %, including organic material and secondary inorganics), whereas this particle type was much less abundant (3 %) in the IPR. In a selected subset of the data where a direct comparison between out-of-cloud aerosol particles and IPR in air masses with similar origin was possible, a pronounced enhancement of biological particles was found in the IPR.
Pöhlker, Mira L. ; Pöhlker, Christopher ; Ditas, Florian ; Klimach, Thomas ; Hrabe de Angelis, Isabella ; Araújo, Alessandro ; Brito, Joel ; Carbone, Samara ; Cheng, Yafang ; Chi, Xuguang ; Ditz, Reiner ; Gunthe, Sachin S. ; Kesselmeier, Jürgen ; Könemann, Tobias ; Lavrič, Jost-Valentin ; Martin, Scot Turnbull ; Mikhailov, Eugene ; Moran-Zuloaga, Daniel ; Rose, Diana ; Saturno, Jorge ; Su, Hang ; Thalman, Ryan ; Walter, David ; Wang, Jian ; Wolff, Stefan ; Barbosa, Henrique M. J. ; Artaxo, Paulo ; Andreae, Meinrat O. ; Pöschl, Ulrich
Size-resolved long-term measurements of atmospheric aerosol and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations and hygroscopicity were conducted at the remote Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO) in the central Amazon Basin over a 1-year period and full seasonal cycle (March 2014–February 2015). The measurements provide a climatology of CCN properties characteristic of a remote central Amazonian rain forest site.
The CCN measurements were continuously cycled through 10 levels of supersaturation (S = 0.11 to 1.10 %) and span the aerosol particle size range from 20 to 245 nm. The mean critical diameters of CCN activation range from 43 nm at S = 1.10 % to 172 nm at S = 0.11 %. The particle hygroscopicity exhibits a pronounced size dependence with lower values for the Aitken mode (κAit = 0.14 ± 0.03), higher values for the accumulation mode (κAcc = 0.22 ± 0.05), and an overall mean value of κmean = 0.17 ± 0.06, consistent with high fractions of organic aerosol.
The hygroscopicity parameter, κ, exhibits remarkably little temporal variability: no pronounced diurnal cycles, only weak seasonal trends, and few short-term variations during long-range transport events. In contrast, the CCN number concentrations exhibit a pronounced seasonal cycle, tracking the pollution-related seasonality in total aerosol concentration. We find that the variability in the CCN concentrations in the central Amazon is mostly driven by aerosol particle number concentration and size distribution, while variations in aerosol hygroscopicity and chemical composition matter only during a few episodes.
For modeling purposes, we compare different approaches of predicting CCN number concentration and present a novel parametrization, which allows accurate CCN predictions based on a small set of input data.