Refine
Author
- Engel, Andreas (91)
- Curtius, Joachim (85)
- Bönisch, Harald (53)
- Kürten, Christoph Andreas (49)
- Döll, Petra (42)
- Kulmala, Markku (39)
- Volk, C.-Michael (37)
- Duplissy, Jonathan (33)
- Kirkby, Jasper (32)
- Simon, Mario (31)
- Ahrens, Bodo (30)
- Petäjä, Tuukka (30)
- Schönwiese, Christian-Dietrich (30)
- Baltensperger, Urs (28)
- Bingemer, Heinz (28)
- Sipilä, Mikko (27)
- Donahue, Neil McPherson (26)
- Borrmann, Stephan (25)
- Worsnop, Douglas R. (25)
- Ehrhart, Sebastian (24)
- Rondo, Linda (24)
- Bianchi, Federico (23)
- Flagan, Richard C. (23)
- Hickler, Thomas (23)
- Lehtipalo, Katrianne (22)
- Stratmann, Frank (22)
- Dommen, Josef (21)
- Heinritzi, Martin (21)
- Tomé, Antonio (21)
- Hansel, Armin (20)
- Schiller, Cornelius (20)
- Tröstl, Jasmin (19)
- Wagner, Andrea Christine (19)
- Ebert, Martin (18)
- Ravegnani, Fabrizio (18)
- Wimmer, Daniela (18)
- Amorim, Antonio (17)
- Schobesberger, Siegfried (17)
- Cairo, Francesco (16)
- Franchin, Alessandro (15)
- Jokinen, Tuija (15)
- Müller, Rolf (15)
- Onnela, Antti (15)
- Schmidt, Ulrich (15)
- Williamson, Christina (15)
- Winkler, Paul M. (15)
- Bonn, Boris (14)
- Di Donfrancesco, Guido (14)
- Fuchs, Claudia (14)
- Hoyle, Christopher Robert (14)
- Laaksonen, Ari (14)
- Rissanen, Matti P. (14)
- Rose, Diana (14)
- Röckmann, Thomas (14)
- Schlager, Hans (14)
- Siebert, Stefan (14)
- Virtanen, Annele (14)
- Weingartner, Ernest (14)
- Dias, Antonio (13)
- Gerdes, Axel (13)
- Möhler, Ottmar (13)
- Oelhaf, Hermann (13)
- Riccobono, Francesco (13)
- Riipinen, Ilona (13)
- Yan, Chao (13)
- Almeida, Joao (12)
- Bundke, Ulrich (12)
- Frege, Carla (12)
- Gordon, Hamish (12)
- Günther, Gebhard (12)
- Hoor, Peter (12)
- Junninen, Heikki (12)
- Laube, Johannes Christian (12)
- Schneider, Johannes (12)
- Staeger, Tim (12)
- Steiner, Gerhard (12)
- Wagner, Robert (12)
- Arneth, Almut (11)
- Carslaw, Kenneth S. (11)
- Grooß, Jens-Uwe (11)
- Keber, Timo (11)
- Konopka, Paul (11)
- Kupc, Agnieszka (11)
- Makhmutov, Vladimir (11)
- Mathot, Serge (11)
- Nillius, Björn (11)
- Portmann, Felix Theodor (11)
- Praplan, Arnaud Patrick (11)
- Schuck, Tanja J. (11)
- Semmel, Arno (11)
- Sturges, William T. (11)
- Vogel, Alexander L. (11)
- Weinbruch, Stephan (11)
- Breitenlechner, Martin (10)
- Drevermann, Fritz Ernst (10)
- Grunow, Katja (10)
- Jacobi, Stefan (10)
- Kandler, Konrad (10)
- Leiminger, Markus (10)
- Mertes, Stephan (10)
- Möbius, Tanja (10)
- Nieminen, Tuomo (10)
- Riese, Martin (10)
- Rümpker, Georg (10)
- Sala, Stephan (10)
- Stroh, Fred (10)
- Toon, Geoffrey C. (10)
- Weigel, Ralf (10)
- Wetzel, Gerald (10)
- Wex, Heike (10)
- Atlas, Elliot L. (9)
- Dunne, Eimear M. (9)
- Gallagher, Martin William (9)
- Grieser, Jürgen (9)
- Haunold, Werner (9)
- Hense, Stefanie (9)
- Kangasluoma, Juha (9)
- Keskinen, Helmi (9)
- Kiselev, Alexei (9)
- Klimach, Thomas (9)
- Müller Schmied, Hannes (9)
- Nichman, Leonid (9)
- Püttmann, Wilhelm (9)
- Raddatz, Jacek (9)
- Schrod, Jann Erik (9)
- Ulanovsky, Alexey (9)
- Viciani, Silvia (9)
- Voigt, Silke (9)
- Wagner, Paul E. (9)
- Wernli, Heini (9)
- Ye, Penglin (9)
- Brilke, Sophia (8)
- Gysel, Martin (8)
- Hakala, Jani (8)
- Järvinen, Emma (8)
- Kristensen, Thomas Bjerring (8)
- Lawler, Michael Joseph (8)
- Mitev, Valentin (8)
- O'Doherty, Simon (8)
- Obersteiner, Florian (8)
- Peter, Thomas (8)
- Pfeilsticker, Klaus (8)
- Pross, Jörg (8)
- Quack, Birgit (8)
- Saathoff, Harald (8)
- Sarnela, Nina (8)
- Schmidli, Jürg (8)
- Smith, James N. (8)
- Stozhkov, Yuri (8)
- Trömel, Silke (8)
- Tsagkogeorgas, Georgios (8)
- Winkler, Björn (8)
- Zhang, Jing (8)
- Bergen, Anton (7)
- Birner, Thomas (7)
- Cagnazzo, Chiara (7)
- Chipperfield, Martyn P. (7)
- Danielczok, Anja (7)
- Fischer, Herbert (7)
- Frank, Fabian (7)
- Fries, Elke (7)
- Glatthor, Norbert (7)
- Harrison, Sandy P. (7)
- Hossaini, Ryan (7)
- Kim, Jaeseok (7)
- Levin, Ingeborg (7)
- Mills, Graham (7)
- Montzka, Stephen A. (7)
- Niedermeier, Dennis (7)
- Oram, David (7)
- Pöschl, Ulrich (7)
- Sengupta, Kamalika (7)
- Sitals, Robert (7)
- Stiller, Gabriele (7)
- Woiwode, Wolfgang (7)
- Yli-Juuti, Taina (7)
- Adriani, Alberto (6)
- Ahlm, Lars (6)
- Belyaev, Gennady (6)
- Bourtsoukidis, Efstratios (6)
- Brenninkmeijer, Carl (6)
- Brisson, Erwan (6)
- Camy-Peyret, Claude C. (6)
- Clarmann, Thomas von (6)
- Craven, Jill (6)
- El Haddad, Imad (6)
- Feng, Wuhu (6)
- Fiebig, Jens (6)
- Fierli, Federico (6)
- Forrest, Matthew (6)
- Gosling, Simon N. (6)
- Hegglin, Michaela I. (6)
- Hiranuma, Naruki (6)
- Hoker, Jesica (6)
- Höppel, Niko Florian (6)
- Ignatius, Karoliina (6)
- Kanji, Zamin A. (6)
- Klein, Holger (6)
- Krüger, Kirstin (6)
- Law, Kathy S. (6)
- MacKenzie, Robert A. (6)
- Marschall, Horst R. (6)
- Maucher, Guido (6)
- Metzger, Axel (6)
- Mikkilä, Jyri (6)
- Miller, Benjamin R. (6)
- Molteni, Ugo (6)
- Orphal, Johannes (6)
- Piel, Felix (6)
- Prentice, I. Colin (6)
- Prévôt, André Stephan Henry (6)
- Reinecke, Robert (6)
- Roiger, Anke (6)
- Santos, Filipe Duarte (6)
- Schallhart, Simon (6)
- Schnaiter, Martin (6)
- Seinfeld, John H. (6)
- Sitch, Stephen (6)
- Stefanutti, Leopoldo (6)
- Tegtmeier, Susann (6)
- Vogel, Bärbel (6)
- Voigt, Christiane (6)
- Walker, Kaley A. (6)
- Wennberg, Paul O. (6)
- Werner, Anja Sabine (6)
- Werner, Christian (6)
- Wetter, Thomas (6)
- Williams, Jonathan (6)
- Zahn, Andreas (6)
- Ziska, Franziska (6)
- Akhtar, Naveed (5)
- Andreae, Meinrat O. (5)
- Artaxo, Paulo (5)
- Bachelet, Dominique (5)
- Bayarjargal, Lkhamsuren (5)
- Bernhammer, Anne-Kathrin (5)
- Boose, Yvonne (5)
- Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus (5)
- D'Amato, Francesco (5)
- Danis, François (5)
- Dhimal, Meghnath (5)
- Ehn, Mikael (5)
- Elkins, James William (5)
- Eronen, Jussi (5)
- Fiedler, Kristina (5)
- Frenken, Karen (5)
- Grabowski, Udo (5)
- Guida, Roberto (5)
- Haase, Hans-Peter (5)
- Hantson, Stijn (5)
- Hartmann, Susan (5)
- Hauck, Marius (5)
- Higgins, Steven Ian (5)
- Hoogeveen, Jippe (5)
- Höpfner, Michael (5)
- Kellmann, Sylvia (5)
- Kerminen, Veli-Matti (5)
- Kesselmeier, Jürgen (5)
- Kleinert, Anne (5)
- Kontkanen, Jenni (5)
- Kupiszewski, Piotr (5)
- Lasslop, Gitta (5)
- Lavrič, Jost-Valentin (5)
- Li, Fang (5)
- Linden, Andrea (5)
- Manninen, Hanna Elina (5)
- Marzolff, Irene (5)
- Melton, Joe R. (5)
- Miettinen, Pasi (5)
- Mikhailov, Eugene (5)
- Ortega, Ismael K. (5)
- Ostermöller, Jennifer (5)
- Petters, Markus D. (5)
- Reimann, Bernd (5)
- Schmidt, Susan (5)
- Sierau, Berko (5)
- Slowik, Jay G. (5)
- Stacke, Tobias (5)
- Su, Hang (5)
- Tang, Qiuhong (5)
- Weber, Daniel (5)
- Woodland, Alan B. (5)
- Yue, Chao (5)
- Yushkov, Vladimir (5)
- Adamov, Alexey (4)
- Augustin-Bauditz, Stefanie (4)
- Batenburg, Sietske J. (4)
- Berkhoff, Karin (4)
- Beuermann, Jürgen (4)
- Blumenstock, Thomas (4)
- Borchers, Reinhard (4)
- Boy, Michael (4)
- Brinckmann, Sven (4)
- Brinkhuis, Henk (4)
- Brunner, Dominik (4)
- Budke, Carsten (4)
- Butz, Andre (4)
- Ciais, Philippe (4)
- Clark, Douglas B. (4)
- Corbin, Joel C. (4)
- Crevoisier, Cyril (4)
- Crounse, John D. (4)
- Cziczo, Daniel J. (4)
- DeMott, Paul J. (4)
- Deshler, Terry (4)
- Diehl, Karoline (4)
- Ditas, Florian (4)
- Dobler, Andreas (4)
- Dorf, Marcel (4)
- Dormoy, Isabelle (4)
- Drewnick, Frank (4)
- Eisner, Stephanie (4)
- Ern, Manfred (4)
- Evans, David (4)
- Faures, Jean-Marc (4)
- Feldmann, Hendrik (4)
- Flentje, Harald (4)
- Flörke, Martina (4)
- Frey, Wiebke (4)
- Friedl-Vallon, Felix (4)
- Gathen, Peter von der (4)
- Gautam, Ishan (4)
- Goutail, Florence (4)
- Gunthe, Sachin S. (4)
- Hardy, Anne (4)
- Harris, Neil R. P. (4)
- Hering, Philip (4)
- Hermann, Markus (4)
- Herrle, Jens Olaf (4)
- Herzog, Stephan (4)
- Hobe, Marc von (4)
- Hofbauer, Victoria (4)
- Homan, Carine Dorianne (4)
- Hunger, Martin (4)
- Huret, Nathalie (4)
- Jaun, Simon (4)
- Jimenez, Jose Luis (4)
- Jonas, Martin (4)
- Jöckel, Patrick (4)
- Kaplan, Jed O. (4)
- Keil, Andrea (4)
- Khattatov, Vyacheslav (4)
- Kiefer, Michael (4)
- Kiemle, Christoph (4)
- Kloster, Silvia (4)
- Knorr, Wolfgang (4)
- Kolonjari, Felicia (4)
- Koop, Thomas (4)
- Kothe, Steffen (4)
- Krebsbach, Michael (4)
- Krummel, Paul B. (4)
- Krämer, Martina (4)
- Kunkel, Daniel (4)
- Laeng, Alexandra (4)
- Lefrancois, Fides (4)
- Leisner, Thomas (4)
- Lelieveld, Johannes (4)
- Lelieveld, Jos (4)
- Levin, Zev (4)
- Lunder, Chris Rene (4)
- Luo, Beiping (4)
- Lüdecke, Tina (4)
- Mantle, Hannah (4)
- Marschall, Horst (4)
- Mauldin, Roy Lee (4)
- Mazzinghi, Piero (4)
- Membrive, Olivier (4)
- Mihalopoulos, Nikos (4)
- Moore, Fred (4)
- Mosbrugger, Volker (4)
- Mulch, Andreas (4)
- Mühle, Jens (4)
- Navarro, Maria A. (4)
- Nickovic, Slobodan (4)
- Nishina, Kazuya (4)
- Noone, Kevin (4)
- Notholt, Justus (4)
- O'Hara, Robert B. (4)
- Oki, Taikan (4)
- Olschewski, Friedhelm (4)
- Parchatka, Uwe (4)
- Pavlick, Ryan (4)
- Peyron, Oliver (4)
- Pinterich, Tamara (4)
- Pirre, Michel (4)
- Pommereau, Jean-Pierre (4)
- Primo, Cristina (4)
- Pyle, John A. (4)
- Rabin, Sam S. (4)
- Ray, Eric (4)
- Reichart, Gert-Jan (4)
- Ries, Johannes B. (4)
- Rolf, Christian (4)
- Rudakov, Vladimir V. (4)
- Rüggeberg, Andres (4)
- Saiz-Lopez, Alfonso (4)
- Santacesaria, Vincenzo (4)
- Scheiter, Simon (4)
- Schmidt, Martina (4)
- Schnitzhofer, Ralf (4)
- Schuster, Gerhard (4)
- Shur, Genrikh N. (4)
- Sieg, Karsten (4)
- Sluijs, Appy (4)
- Smith, Benjamin (4)
- Spelten, Nicole (4)
- Spessa, Allan (4)
- Spracklen, Dominick V. (4)
- Starokozhev, Elena (4)
- Strom, Johan (4)
- Søvde, Ole Amund (4)
- Thomas, Andreas (4)
- Toci, Guido (4)
- Toohey, Darin W. (4)
- Trautmann, Thomas (4)
- Ungeheuer, Florian (4)
- Vaattovaara, Petri (4)
- Vanhanen, Joonas (4)
- Viisanen, Yrjö (4)
- Vochezer, Paul (4)
- Volkamer, Rainer (4)
- Vollmer, Martin K. (4)
- Voulgarakis, Apostolos (4)
- Walter, Andreas (4)
- Webster, Christopher R. (4)
- Weiss, Ray F. (4)
- Weller, Rolf (4)
- Welti, André (4)
- Wirth, Martin (4)
- Woltersdorf, Laura (4)
- Wårlind, David (4)
- Xu, Xiaobin (4)
- Zulauf, Gernold (4)
- Achatz, Ulrich (3)
- Adam, Linda (3)
- Albert, Richard (3)
- Allen, Judy R. M. (3)
- Archibald, Sally (3)
- Aulbach, Sonja (3)
- Aït Hssaïne, Ali (3)
- Baars, Holger (3)
- Barbosa, Henrique M. J. (3)
- Barmet, Peter (3)
- Bentum, Elisabeth C. van (3)
- Birmili, Wolfram (3)
- Blake, Donald R. (3)
- Borchert, Sebastian (3)
- Bradshaw, Catherine D. (3)
- Brauch, Jennifer (3)
- Braß, Marc (3)
- Brito, Joel (3)
- Brown, Colin (3)
- Buchholz, Angela (3)
- Bühner, Bertram (3)
- Carbone, Samara (3)
- Chen, Dexian (3)
- Cheng, Yafang (3)
- Chi, Xuguang (3)
- Clauss, Tina (3)
- Codillo, Emmanuel A. (3)
- Conte, Dario (3)
- Crowley, John N. (3)
- Cvetković, Bojan (3)
- Dada, Lubna (3)
- Dewani, Noviana (3)
- Dhomse, Sandip (3)
- Diallo, Mohamadou (3)
- Ditz, Reiner (3)
- Dubrovinsky, Leonid (3)
- Dörnbrack, Andreas (3)
- Eisenberg, Joachim (3)
- Fedotenko, Timofey (3)
- Feick, Sebastian (3)
- Finkenzeller, Henning (3)
- Fischer, Lukas (3)
- Flecker, Rachel (3)
- Forster, Astrid (3)
- Fortelius, Mikael (3)
- Friedrich, Oliver (3)
- Funke, Bernd (3)
- Gagné, Stéphanie (3)
- Gerten, Dieter (3)
- Gischler, Eberhard (3)
- Granzin, Manuel (3)
- Hagemann, Stefan (3)
- Hakola, Hannele (3)
- Handisides, Graeme M. (3)
- Harth, Christina M. (3)
- Haywood, Alan M. (3)
- Hoffmann, Lars (3)
- Hrabe de Angelis, Isabella (3)
- Huntley, Brian (3)
- Ickes, Luisa (3)
- Immenhauser, Adrian (3)
- Jesswein, Markus (3)
- Junge, Andreas (3)
- Kabat, Pavel (3)
- Kelemen, Fanni Dóra (3)
- Keleshis, Christos (3)
- Kelley, Douglas I. (3)
- Kiese, Ralf (3)
- Kirchhoff, Mario (3)
- Koch, Mirjam (3)
- Koemets, Egor (3)
- Kotthoff, Ulrich (3)
- Koutsodendris, Andreas (3)
- Krähenmann, Stefan (3)
- Kuch, Ulrich (3)
- Könemann, Tobias (3)
- Laakso, Lauri (3)
- Legras, Bernard (3)
- Leva, Carola (3)
- Link, Frederik (3)
- Lipzig, Nicole P. M. van (3)
- Lunt, Daniel J. (3)
- Ma, Jialiang (3)
- Magdeburg, Axel (3)
- Maione, Michela (3)
- Mangeon, Stephane (3)
- Marinou, Eleni (3)
- Martha, Silviu-Octavian (3)
- Martin, Scot Turnbull (3)
- Masaki, Yoshimitsu (3)
- Mentel, Thomas F. (3)
- Menz, Christoph (3)
- Methner, Katharina (3)
- Minikin, Andreas (3)
- Moran-Zuloaga, Daniel (3)
- Müller, Melanie (3)
- O'Dowd, Colin D. (3)
- Phillips, Gavin J. (3)
- Pikridas, Michael (3)
- Pinxteren, Dominik van (3)
- Pound, Matthew J. (3)
- Prinn, Ronald G. (3)
- Pöhlker, Christopher (3)
- Pöhlker, Mira L. (3)
- Reddmann, Thomas (3)
- Reimann, Stefan (3)
- Reiss, Miriam Christina (3)
- Reitz, Paul (3)
- Richards, Nigel A. D. (3)
- Riechelmann, Sylvia (3)
- Riedel, Claudia (3)
- Salzmann, Ulrich (3)
- Saturno, Jorge (3)
- Schewe, Jacob (3)
- Schlemmer, Linda (3)
- Schootbrugge, Bas van de (3)
- Sciare, Jean (3)
- Shaw, Raymond A. (3)
- Sheward, Rosie M. (3)
- Singarayer, Joy (3)
- Sinnhuber, Björn-Martin (3)
- Sinninghe Damsté, Jaap S. (3)
- Sitnikov, Nikolay (3)
- Spang, Reinhold (3)
- Spindler, Gerald (3)
- Steele, L. Paul (3)
- Steinbacher, Martin (3)
- Stetzer, Olaf (3)
- Stolzenburg, Dominik (3)
- Sullivan, Ryan C. (3)
- Sumińska-Ebersoldt, Olga (3)
- Thalman, Ryan (3)
- Thiemeyer, Heinrich (3)
- Tilmes, Simone (3)
- Trautmann, Tim (3)
- Valdes, Paul J. (3)
- Viisanen, Yrjo (3)
- Voigt, Thomas (3)
- Wada, Yoshihide (3)
- Walter, David (3)
- Walters, Jesse B. (3)
- Wang, Jian (3)
- Wang, Mingyi (3)
- Wiedensohler, Alfred (3)
- Wisser, Dominik (3)
- Wolff, Stefan (3)
- Worthy, Douglas E. (3)
- Wölbern, Ingo (3)
- Xiao, Mao (3)
- Young, Dickon (3)
- Yushkov, Vladimir A. (3)
- Zaehle, Sönke (3)
- Zhao, Cunliang (3)
- Aalto, Pasi (2)
- Aalto, Tuula (2)
- Abalichin, Jana (2)
- Abraham, N. Luke (2)
- Ahlheim, Michael (2)
- Ahonen, Lauri R. (2)
- Aiken, Allison C. (2)
- Albuquerque, Ana Luiza (2)
- Aldeias, Vera (2)
- Alemseged, Zeresenay (2)
- Alfarra, M. Rami (2)
- Amorin, António (2)
- Anderson, R. Scott (2)
- Andrews, Elisabeth (2)
- Andrews, Steve J. (2)
- Ansmann, Albert (2)
- Archer, Will (2)
- Archibald, Alexander Thomas (2)
- Ardon-Dryer, Karin (2)
- Arduini, Jgor (2)
- Arens, Susanne (2)
- Arnell, Nigel (2)
- Arnold, Steve R. (2)
- Arora, Vivek (2)
- Arvelius, Johan (2)
- Aschmann, Jan (2)
- Atkinson, James (2)
- Aumaître, Georges (2)
- Axinte, Raoul (2)
- Añel, Juan A. (2)
- Baccarini, Andrea (2)
- Baehr, Jannine (2)
- Bahr, André (2)
- Baker, Angela (2)
- Bamford, Marion K. (2)
- Baral, Sunita (2)
- Barmpadimos, Iakovos (2)
- Barrie, Leonard A. (2)
- Bartlein, Patrick (2)
- Bastin, Sophie (2)
- Bauer, Paulus Salomon (2)
- Bausch, Stephan (2)
- Başaran, Sait (2)
- Bašták Ďurán, Ivan (2)
- Beesel, Eric van (2)
- Behling, Hermann (2)
- Beierkuhnlein, Carl (2)
- Bekki, Slimane (2)
- Belikov, Dmitry A. (2)
- Benker, Nathalie (2)
- Beranoaguirre, Aratz (2)
- Bernath, Peter F. (2)
- Berndt, Torsten (2)
- Berresheim, Harald (2)
- Betts, Richard (2)
- Beuck, Lydia (2)
- Bhagwat, Shonil A. (2)
- Bianchini, Giovanni (2)
- Biber, Matthias F. (2)
- Bierkens, Marc F. P. (2)
- Bijl, Peter K. (2)
- Birk, Manfred (2)
- Biro, Dora (2)
- Blank, Ann-Katrin (2)
- Blank, Jörg (2)
- Blarquez, Olivier (2)
- Blavier, Jean-François (2)
- Blunier, Thomas (2)
- Bobe, René (2)
- Bolder, Michel (2)
- Bollmann, Jörg (2)
- Boone, Chris D. (2)
- Boone, Christopher D. (2)
- Borisova, Olga (2)
- Bourlès, Didier L. (2)
- Bracher, Astrid (2)
- Brass, Marc (2)
- Brauer, Achim (2)
- Brauers, Theo (2)
- Braun, David R. (2)
- Breil, Marcus (2)
- Brendel, Christoph (2)
- Brewer, Simon (2)
- Brieden, Andreas (2)
- Brücher, Tim (2)
- Brückner, Helmut (2)
- Buendía, Corina (2)
- Buenrostro Mazon, Stephany (2)
- Buhre, Stephan (2)
- Buitenwerf, Robert (2)
- Buontempo, Carlo (2)
- Bureau, Hélène (2)
- Burke, Jacob (2)
- Bush, Mark B. (2)
- Bykov, Maxim (2)
- Bykova, Elena (2)
- Bösch, Hartmut (2)
- Böttger, Thomas (2)
- Cameron, David R. (2)
- Canagaratna, Manjula R. (2)
- Capelli, Cristian (2)
- Carpenter, Lucy J. (2)
- Carvalho, Susana (2)
- Chan, Arthur Wing Hong (2)
- Chan, Man N. (2)
- Chariton, Stella (2)
- Chen, Hilin (2)
- Chen, Xi (2)
- Chen, Xuemeng (2)
- Cheng, Ya F. (2)
- Chevallier, Frédéric (2)
- Chhabra, Puneet Singh (2)
- Chiessi, Cristiano Mazur (2)
- Chirkov, Maksym (2)
- Claeys, Philippe (2)
- Claude, Hans (2)
- Coburn, Sean C. (2)
- Coccioni, Rodolfo (2)
- Collins, Donald R. (2)
- Combourieu-Nebout, Nathalie (2)
- Connolly, Paul J. (2)
- Contreras, Lineth (2)
- Correa-Metrio, Alexander (2)
- Cortesi, Ugo (2)
- Crowley, John Nicholas (2)
- Cubison, Michael J. (2)
- Cuevas, Emilio (2)
- Cycura, Anatoly (2)
- Cyffka, Bernd (2)
- D'Oleire-Oltmanns, Sebastian (2)
- Dagnesjo, Saga (2)
- Daniau, Anne-Laure (2)
- Daniels, Chris J. (2)
- Dankers, Rutger (2)
- Dannenmann, Michael (2)
- David, André (2)
- Davie, Jemma C. S. (2)
- Davies, Stewart (2)
- Davin, Edouard (2)
- De Mazière, Martine (2)
- De Vernal, Anne (2)
- De Vleeschouwer, David (2)
- De Vries, Wim (2)
- DeCarlo, Peter F. (2)
- Della Lunga, Damiano (2)
- Demuzere, Matthias (2)
- Deryng, Delphine (2)
- Deutscher, Nicholas M. (2)
- Dirsch, Thomas (2)
- Diskin, Glenn S. (2)
- Disse, Markus (2)
- Dittmann, Anna (2)
- Dorf, Marcel Klaus (2)
- Dorsey, James Robert (2)
- Downard, Andrew (2)
- Downward, Andrew J. (2)
- Draper, Danielle C. (2)
- Dreiling, Volker (2)
- Dreischmeier, Katharina (2)
- Drevermann, Friedrich Ernst (2)
- Dreyer, Axel (2)
- Drücke, Jaqueline (2)
- Dubrovinskaia, Natalia (2)
- Duchatelet, Pierre (2)
- Dummann, Wolf (2)
- Dutton, Geoffrey S. (2)
- Döll, Christiane (2)
- Düthmann, Doris (2)
- Ebersoldt, Andreas (2)
- Eckert, Ellen (2)
- Elkins, James W. (2)
- Elliot, Joshua (2)
- Emde, Claudia (2)
- Engel, Ines (2)
- Erbacher, Jochen (2)
- Erhardt, Tobias (2)
- Ernst, Markus (2)
- Ettner-Mahl, Matthias (2)
- Faber, Johannes (2)
- Fachinger, Johannes (2)
- Fader, Marianela (2)
- Falloon, Pete (2)
- Falloon, Peter D. (2)
- Feike, Til (2)
- Feist, Dietrich G. (2)
- Fekete, Balazs M. (2)
- Fekete, Balázs M. (2)
- Feldmeyer, Barbara (2)
- Feurdean, Angelica (2)
- Finch, Jemma M. (2)
- Fink, Gabriel (2)
- Fischer, Horst (2)
- Fischer, Hubertus (2)
- Fisher, Rebecca E. (2)
- Fletcher, William J. (2)
- Flögel, Sascha (2)
- Foglia, Laura (2)
- Fohlmeister, Jens (2)
- Folberth, Christian (2)
- Folberth, Gerd A. (2)
- Forster, Grant L. (2)
- Fortems-Cheiney, Audrey (2)
- Franke, Harald (2)
- Franssen, Wietse (2)
- Fraser, Paul J. (2)
- Freiwald, André (2)
- Friedlingstein, Pierre (2)
- Friedrich, Alexandra (2)
- Frieler, Katja (2)
- Friend, Andrew D. (2)
- Fritsch, Frauke (2)
- Fréchette, Bianca (2)
- Frör, Oliver (2)
- Fueglistaler, Stephan (2)
- Fuhlbrügge, Steffen (2)
- Gaertner, Miguel Angel (2)
- Gale, Andrew S. (2)
- Gallmann, Franziska (2)
- Garimella, Sarvesh (2)
- Garmash, Olga (2)
- Garny, Hella (2)
- Gebühr, Christina (2)
- Geibel, Marc Christoph (2)
- Gellhorn, Catrin (2)
- Gerber, Daniel (2)
- Gerbig, Christoph (2)
- Gibbs, Samantha J. (2)
- Gilge, Stefan (2)
- Gille, John C. (2)
- Gisi, Michael (2)
- Goring, Simon (2)
- Gosling, William D. (2)
- Granoszewski, Wojciech (2)
- Grant, Aoife (2)
- Griffiths, Paul T. (2)
- Grimm, Eric C. (2)
- Groneberg, Jan David Alexander (2)
- Grote, Rüdiger (2)
- Groth, Angela (2)
- Grüger, Eberhard (2)
- Grüner, Achim (2)
- Grützner, Tobias (2)
- Guggenmoser, Tobias (2)
- Guirlet, Marielle (2)
- Gulde, Thomas (2)
- Guo, Wenmu (2)
- Gurk, Christian Thomas (2)
- Gute, Ellen (2)
- Gärtner, Philipp (2)
- Haas, Edwin (2)
- Habermann, Jörg M. (2)
- Haddeland, Ingjerd (2)
- Hader, John D. (2)
- Haenel, Florian (2)
- Halik, Ümüt (2)
- Hallmann, Christian (2)
- Hamer, Paul (2)
- Hammer, Samuel (2)
- Hanselman, Jennifer (2)
- Harazim, Dario (2)
- Hartke, Juliane (2)
- Hase, Frank (2)
- Hauser, Stefan (2)
- Haussühl, Eiken (2)
- He, Xu-Cheng (2)
- Head, Jason J. (2)
- Hecobian, Arsineh (2)
- Heinke, Jens (2)
- Heintzenberg, Jost (2)
- Heinz, Renate (2)
- Hellén, Heidi (2)
- Helmond, Niels A. G. M. van (2)
- Hendrick, François (2)
- Hennigan, Christopher J. (2)
- Hepach, Helmke (2)
- Herbert, Fritz (2)
- Herenz, Paul (2)
- Herrmann, Thomas (2)
- Hertzog, Albert (2)
- Heuvelink, Gerardus Bernardus Maria (2)
- Higuera, Philip (2)
- Hilgen, Frederik J. (2)
- Hill, Joachim (2)
- Hill, Thomas C. (2)
- Hill, Trevor R. (2)
- Hinnenthal, Marie (2)
- Ho-Hagemann, Ha Thi Minh (2)
- Hof, Christian (2)
- Hoff, Holger (2)
- Hoffmann, J. (2)
- Hoffmann, Nadine (2)
- Hofmann, Peter (2)
- Hommel, René (2)
- Homonnai, Viktoria (2)
- Hoogakker, Babette A. A. (2)
- Hrechanyy, Serhiy (2)
- Huber, Veronika (2)
- Huey, L. Gregory (2)
- Huppertz, Hubert (2)
- Hutley, Lindsay B. (2)
- Höppel, Florian Niko (2)
- Hörhold, Maria (2)
- Iglesias, Virginia (2)
- Ilmberger, Johann (2)
- Itoh, Akihiko (2)
- Jackson, David R. (2)
- Jacobeit, Jucundus (2)
- Jaenicke, Ruprecht (2)
- Janoschitz, Reinhard (2)
- Jantsch, Evelyn (2)
- Javed, Umar (2)
- Jennings, S. Gerard (2)
- Jensen, Camilla Marie (2)
- Jeseck, Pascal (2)
- Jiang, Tong (2)
- Jimenez-Moreno, Gonzalo (2)
- Jones, Nicholas (2)
- Jordan, Armin (2)
- Jost, Hans-Jürg (2)
- Joutsensaari, Jorma (2)
- Judt, Anna (2)
- Jánosi, Imre M. (2)
- Kahana, Ron (2)
- Kaiser, Jan (2)
- Kajos, Maija K. (2)
- Kalicinsky, Christoph (2)
- Kallinger, Peter (2)
- Kamphus, Michael (2)
- Kasper, Haino Uwe (2)
- Kaufmann, Manfred (2)
- Kautzman, Kathryn E. (2)
- Kazimoto, Emmanuel Owden (2)
- Keddadouche, Karim (2)
- Keilholz, Patrick (2)
- Keim, Corneli (2)
- Keller, Livia (2)
- Kelly, Ryan (2)
- Kershaw, Arnold Peter (2)
- Khabarov, Nikolay (2)
- Khaykin, Sergey M. (2)
- Khosrawi, Farahnaz (2)
- Kim, Hyungjun (2)
- Kippenberger, Matthias (2)
- Kirkwood, Sheila (2)
- Kirner, Oliver (2)
- Kivekäs, Niku (2)
- Kivi, Rigel (2)
- Kleidon, Axel (2)
- Klein, Frieder (2)
- Kleinhenz, Dominik (2)
- Kleinschmit, Birgit (2)
- Kley, Jonas (2)
- Klimm, Kevin (2)
- Knapp, David J. (2)
- Kohn, Monika (2)
- Kolle, Olaf (2)
- Koppmann, Ralf (2)
- Kottmeier, Christoph (2)
- Kouvarakis, G. (2)
- Kramer, Isabelle Marie (2)
- Krapf, Manuel (2)
- Kreissl, Fabian (2)
- Krejci, Radek (2)
- Kros, Johannes (2)
- Kruijt, Bart J. (2)
- Krysanova, Valentina (2)
- Krysztofiak, Gisèle (2)
- Krüger, Mira L. (2)
- Kuba, Martin (2)
- Kuellmann, Harry (2)
- Kuhn, Anna Christina (2)
- Kuhnert, Matthias (2)
- Kulkarni, Gargi (2)
- Kummu, Matti (2)
- Kupczik, Kornelius (2)
- Kupiainen-Määttä, Oona (2)
- Kurtén, Theo (2)
- Kusch, Stephanie (2)
- Kuttippurath, Jayan (2)
- Kuttippurath, Jayanarayanan (2)
- Kučera, Michal (2)
- Kyrö, Ella-Maria (2)
- Kästner, Udo (2)
- Köberl, Christian (2)
- Königstedt, Rainer (2)
- Laizer, Amani S. (2)
- Laj, Paolo (2)
- Langan, Liam (2)
- Langenfelds, Ray L. (2)
- Laniel, Dominique (2)
- Latzko, Thomas (2)
- Lawrence, Mark Gary (2)
- Leadley, Paul W. (2)
- Lebatard, Anne-Elisabeth (2)
- Ledru, Marie-Pierre (2)
- Lee, Adrian M. (2)
- Leeson, Amber A. (2)
- Lefèvre, Franck (2)
- Lehmann, Ralph (2)
- Lehtinen, Kari E. J. (2)
- Leinweber, Ronny (2)
- Leip, Adrian (2)
- Lennartz, Sinikka T. (2)
- Lenz, Claus-Jürgen (2)
- Lenz, Matthias (2)
- Lepukhov, Boris (2)
- Levermann, Anders (2)
- Levin, Ezra J. T. (2)
- Li, Chenxi (2)
- Li, Jing (2)
- Li, Jinxiao (2)
- Li, Laurent (2)
- Li, Wei (2)
- Li, Xi (2)
- Liang, Qing (2)
- Liao, Jin (2)
- Lidster, Richard Terence (2)
- Liebetrau, Volker (2)
- Lihavainen, Heikki (2)
- Liu, Xingcai (2)
- Liu, Zhen (2)
- Lohmann, Ulrike (2)
- Lomas, Marc R. (2)
- Lorenz, Verena (2)
- Lossow, Stefan (2)
- Lotze-Campen, Hermann (2)
- Lowry, David (2)
- Lozano-García, Socorro (2)
- Ludmann, Sabrina (2)
- Luo, Beiping P. (2)
- Luo, Jing (2)
- Macôa, Amélia (2)
- Mader, Sebastian (2)
- Maezumi, S. Yoshi (2)
- Magi, Brian (2)
- Magny, Michel (2)
- Magri, Donatella (2)
- Mahieu, Emmanuel (2)
- Mai, Huajun (2)
- Maisonnave, Eric (2)
- Maksyutov, Shamil (2)
- Mangini, Augusto (2)
- Mann, Graham W. (2)
- Manzini, Elisa (2)
- Marchand, Marion (2)
- Marchant, Robert (2)
- Marlon, Jennifer R. (2)
- Martens, Carola (2)
- Martinerie, Patricia (2)
- Marécal, Virginie (2)
- Masaki, Yusuke (2)
- Maser, Rolf (2)
- Mathe, Jacinto (2)
- Matthey, Renaud (2)
- McCluskey, Christina S. (2)
- McIntyre, J. D. (2)
- McKenna, Daniel-S. (2)
- McKenzie, Merna (2)
- McMurry, Peter H. (2)
- Mehl, Steffen (2)
- Meira Paulo, Luis (2)
- Mencaraglia, Francesco (2)
- Mendes, Clara (2)
- Mentler, Bernhard (2)
- Merikanto, Joonas (2)
- Messerschmidt, Janina (2)
- Meyer, Jessica (2)
- Meyn, Andrea (2)
- Micheels, Arne (2)
- Mieruch, Sebastian (2)
- Mikoviny, Tomas (2)
- Mikuteit, Sabine (2)
- Millard, Genevieve A. (2)
- Milman, Victor (2)
- Molleker, Sergej (2)
- Moller, Tobias (2)
- Montanari, Alessandro (2)
- Moore, Fred L. (2)
- Moortgat, Geert K. (2)
- Mouillot, Florent (2)
- Mudelsee, Manfred (2)
- Murakami, Masataka (2)
- Murray, Benjamin J. (2)
- Mustaphi, Colin J. Courtney (2)
- Müller, Kristian (2)
- Müller, Richard (2)
- Müller, Ruth (2)
- Müller, Stefan (2)
- Müller, Ulrich (2)
- Müller, Ulrich C. (2)
- Müller, Wolfgang (2)
- Müller-Ebert, Dörthe (2)
- Münch, S. (2)
- Münch, Steffen (2)
- Naegler, Tobias (2)
- Nakagawa, Takeshi (2)
- Nambiar, Romi (2)
- Naujokat, Barbara (2)
- Naumann, Karl-Heinz (2)
- Necki, Jaroslaw (2)
- Neininger, Bruno (2)
- Nelson, Danny A. (2)
- Neubert, Tom (2)
- Neumann, Kathleen (2)
- Newland, Mike J. (2)
- Niamir, Aidin (2)
- Nie, Wei (2)
- Nielsen, Sune G. (2)
- Niemann, Christoph (2)
- Nieradzik, Lars (2)
- Nillius, Bjorn (2)
- Nilsson, Hampus (2)
- Nisbet, Euan G. (2)
- Nordmeyer, Hans (2)
- Novenko, Elena (2)
- Nölscher, Anke Christine (2)
- O'Sullivan, Daniel (2)
- Obermann, Anika (2)
- Obregón, André (2)
- Oehlmann, Jörg (2)
- Oelhaf, Herman (2)
- Ogren, John A. (2)
- Oijen, Marcel van (2)
- Ojdanic, Andrea (2)
- Olenius, Tinja (2)
- Ordóñez, Carlos (2)
- Orlandi, Emiliano (2)
- Orsolini, Yvan (2)
- Oschmann, Wolfgang (2)
- Osusko, Daniel (2)
- Othmanli, Hussein (2)
- Oulanovsky, Alexey (2)
- Palazzi, Elisa (2)
- Palm, Mathias (2)
- Pan, Laura L. (2)
- Paramonova, Nina N. (2)
- Patra, Prabir K. (2)
- Payan, Sébastien (2)
- Payne, Vivienne (2)
- Peckhaus, Andreas (2)
- Peinl, Mark (2)
- Pekour, Mikhail S. (2)
- Pelz, Sonna (2)
- Penny, Daniel (2)
- Peter, Klaus Daniel (2)
- Pfeifer, Joschka (2)
- Pfenninger, Markus (2)
- Phuyal, Parbati (2)
- Piccolo, Chiara (2)
- Pickering, Steven (2)
- Picon, Laurence (2)
- Piesch, Christof (2)
- Pinto, Maria (2)
- Piontek, Franziska (2)
- Pison, Isabelle C. (2)
- Pitts, Michael C. (2)
- Plaß-Dülmer, Christian (2)
- Plöger, Felix (2)
- Plötze, Michael (2)
- Poole, Lamont R. (2)
- Pope, Francis D. (2)
- Porada, Philipp (2)
- Porkka, Miina (2)
- Poulton, Alex J. (2)
- Pouvesle, Nicolas (2)
- Power, Mitchell J. (2)
- Preusse, Peter (2)
- Prevot, André Stephan Henry (2)
- Privalov, Viacheslav I. (2)
- Pälike, Heiko (2)
- Pätz, Hans-Werner (2)
- Püschel, Thomas A. (2)
- Qin, Shenjun (2)
- Quednow, Kristin (2)
- Quéléver, Lauriane L. J. (2)
- Raimund, Stefan (2)
- Raine, J. Ian (2)
- Ramankutty, Navin (2)
- Ramelli, Fabiola (2)
- Ramonet, Michael (2)
- Ramonet, Michel (2)
- Raspollini, Piera (2)
- Rauthe-Schöch, Armin (2)
- Ray, Eric A. (2)
- Redaelli, Gianluca (2)
- Reeves, Claire E. (2)
- Regala, Frederico Tátá (2)
- Reinds, Gert Jan (2)
- Reiser, K. (2)
- Rethemeyer, Janet (2)
- Rettinger, Markus (2)
- Reus, Marian de (2)
- Reuter, Hannes Isaak (2)
- Rex, Markus (2)
- Ricci, Andrea (2)
- Richard, Erik C. (2)
- Richter, Detlev K. (2)
- Richter, Sarah (2)
- Riechelmann, Dana F. C. (2)
- Riediger, Oliver (2)
- Rittmeier, Elisa (2)
- Robinson, Alan D. (2)
- Robinson, Andrew D. (2)
- Rognerud, Bjørg (2)
- Rohden, Christoph von (2)
- Romera, Graciela Gil (2)
- Romera, Raquel (2)
- Rosenthal, Yair (2)
- Ruane, Alex C. (2)
- Ruhnke, Roland (2)
- Rumbaur, Christian (2)
- Russell III., James M. (2)
- Ruuskanen, Taina (2)
- Rösch, Michael (2)
- Sachse, Glen W. (2)
- Sadori, Laura (2)
- Saeed, Sajjad (2)
- Saikawa, Eri (2)
- Saito, Atsushi (2)
- Sakradzija, Mirjana (2)
- Salawitch, Ross J. (2)
- Santee, Michelle L. (2)
- Santos, Fábio Henrique Silva dos (2)
- Santos, Luis dos (2)
- Scanlon, Bridget R. (2)
- Schaphoff, Sibyll (2)
- Scheibe, Monika (2)
- Schelhaas, Mart Jan (2)
- Schell, Dieter (2)
- Schellnhuber, Hans Joachim (2)
- Schenk, Ludwig (2)
- Schenk, Ludwig Paul (2)
- Schiebel, Thea (2)
- Schill, Gregory P. (2)
- Schleinkofer, Nicolai (2)
- Schmeling, Harro (2)
- Schmid, Erwin (2)
- Schmidt, Alexander (2)
- Schmidt, C. (2)
- Schmidts, Thomas (2)
- Schmitz, Christoph (2)
- Schmitz, Sylvia (2)
- Schneider, Herbert (2)
- Scholz, Denis (2)
- Scholz, Joachim (2)
- Schomburg, Annika (2)
- Schroeder, Matthias (2)
- Schröder-Ritzrau, Andrea (2)
- Schuetz, Lothar (2)
- Schwander, Jakob (2)
- Schwarzenberger, Tim (2)
- Schädler, Gerd (2)
- Schüttemeyer, Dirk (2)
- Scott, Louis (2)
- Seeliger, Martin (2)
- Sellegri, Karine (2)
- Sen, Bhaswar (2)
- Sheehan, Tim (2)
- Shen, Jiali (2)
- Shi, Qiang (2)
- Shilling, John E. (2)
- Shreshta, Pramod (2)
- Siciliani de Cumis, Matteo (2)
- Sier, Mark Jan (2)
- Siew, Tuck Fatt (2)
- Siltberg, Joe (2)
- Singer, Brad S. (2)
- Singh, Manvendra (2)
- Sinninghe Damsté, Jacobus S. (2)
- Sioris, Christopher E. (2)
- Sitnikov, Nicolay M. (2)
- Smale, Dan (2)
- Smith, Robin S. (2)
- Snels, Marcel (2)
- Sobanski, Nicolas (2)
- Sogachev, Andrey (2)
- Sonderfeld, Hannah (2)
- Song, Qi (2)
- Sorichter, Katrin (2)
- Spahr, Dominik (2)
- Sprovieri, Mario (2)
- Spötl, Christoph (2)
- Srivastava, Nishtha (2)
- St. Clair, Jason M. (2)
- Stadnitskaia, Alina (2)
- Stahr, Karl (2)
- Stalmans, Marc (2)
- Staubach, Sascha (2)
- Stefánsson, Andri (2)
- Stehfest, Elke (2)
- Steinhorst, Hildegard-Maria (2)
- Steinig, Sebastian (2)
- Steinkamp, Jörg (2)
- Steinke, Isabelle (2)
- Stender, Vivien (2)
- Stevenson, Janelle (2)
- Stordal, Frode (2)
- Stratmann, Greta (2)
- Stöcker, Horst (2)
- Sugita, Takafumi (2)
- Sun, Shang (2)
- Sun, T. Shang (2)
- Surratt, Jason D. (2)
- Sussmann, Ralf (2)
- Sweeney, Colm (2)
- Szabo, T. (2)
- Sánchez Goñi, María Fernanda (2)
- Taguchi, Shoichi (2)
- Tajiri, Takuya (2)
- Tang, Hui (2)
- Tang, Mingjin (2)
- Tarasick, David W. (2)
- Te, Yao (2)
- Teichert, Barbara M. A. (2)
- Teichtmeister, Tobias A. (2)
- Tessler, Zachary (2)
- Tham, Yee Jun (2)
- Thevs, Niels (2)
- Thieser, Jim (2)
- Thomas, Frank M. (2)
- Thomson, Erik S. (2)
- Thuiller, Wilfried (2)
- Thürkow, Markus (2)
- Tolbert, Margret A. (2)
- Tomlinson, Jason M. (2)
- Trawny, Katrin (2)
- Trentmann, Jörg (2)
- Tritscher, Torsten (2)
- Truong, Francois (2)
- Twarloh, Birthe (2)
- Tzedakis, Chronis (2)
- Uenver-Thiele, Laura (2)
- Ulanovski, Alexey (2)
- Ullrich, Markus (2)
- Ungermann, Jörn (2)
- Vandergoes, Marcus (2)
- Vannière, Boris (2)
- Vay, Stephanie (2)
- Veen, Cornelis J. van der (2)
- Vehkamäki, Hanna (2)
- Velazco, Voltaire (2)
- Velichko, Andrey (2)
- Velthoven, Peter F. J. van (2)
- Vermeulen, Marleen H. (2)
- Vigouroux, Corinne (2)
- Vogt, Steffen (2)
- Voigtländer, Jens (2)
- Vollmer, Christian (2)
- Volz-Thomas, Andreas (2)
- Voskamp, Alke (2)
- Vrekoussis, Mihalis (2)
- Vrtala, Aron (2)
- Vössing, Hermann-Josef (2)
- Wachholz, Alexander (2)
- Wacker, Ulrike (2)
- Wackerbarth, Anne Katrin (2)
- Wagner, Georg (2)
- Wagner, Thomas (2)
- Waldvogel, Ann-Marie (2)
- Walter, Saskia (2)
- Wang, Danrong (2)
- Wang, Yonghong (2)
- Wang, Yuxuan (2)
- Wang, Zhenzhen (2)
- Warneke, Thorsten (2)
- Warszawski, Lila (2)
- Warwick, Nicola (2)
- Weber, Rodney J. (2)
- Weers, Uwe (2)
- Wegner, Tobias (2)
- Weidner, Frank (2)
- Weiher, Stefan (2)
- Weinheimer, Andrew J. (2)
- Weinkauf, Manuel (2)
- Welp, Martin (2)
- Werf, Guido R. van der (2)
- Wexler, Anthony S. (2)
- Whale, Thomas F. (2)
- Whitlock, Cathy (2)
- Wiegele, Andreas (2)
- Wilhelms, Frank (2)
- Will, Andreas (2)
- Wilson, Chris (2)
- Wilson, James C. (2)
- Winterhalter, Richard (2)
- Wirth, Volkmar (2)
- Wisthaler, Armin (2)
- Witrant, Emmanuel (2)
- Wohltmann, Ingo (2)
- Wood, Stephen (2)
- Worringen, Annette (2)
- Wortmann, Michel (2)
- Worton, David R. (2)
- Woyke, Thomas (2)
- Wright, Timothy P. (2)
- Wunch, Debra (2)
- Xueref-Remy, Irene (2)
- Yamashita, Katsuya (2)
- Yeluripati, Jagadeesh (2)
- Yimit, Hamid (2)
- Young, Isla A. K. (2)
- Yu, Ruide (2)
- Zanella, Friedhelm (2)
- Zhang, Ke (2)
- Zhang, Xi (2)
- Zhao, Chengyi (2)
- Zhao, Xiaoning (2)
- Zhihai, Tonishtan (2)
- Ziereis, Helmut (2)
- Zimov, Sergej A. (2)
- Zobrist, Bernhard (2)
- vom Scheidt, Marcel (2)
- Acevedo Rodríguez, Aurelio Jesús (1)
- Achten, Christine (1)
- Ackermann, Sebastian (1)
- Adebahr, Philip (1)
- Adler, Bianca (1)
- Adomat, Friederike (1)
- Agashev, Alexey M. (1)
- Agasheva, Elena V. (1)
- Agricola, Thomas Hubert Gerhard (1)
- Ahmed, Abdulhakim (1)
- Akylas, Triantaphyllos R. (1)
- Al-Arif, Nassir (1)
- Alard, Olivier (1)
- Alencar, Igor (1)
- Alsenz, Heiko (1)
- Amanatidis, Stavros (1)
- Ambach, Sebastian J. (1)
- Amiridis, Vassilis (1)
- Anderson, Karen (1)
- Anemone, Robert L. (1)
- Anne, Cheikh Amadou Tidiane (1)
- Anstey, James A. (1)
- Antonelli, Alexandre (1)
- Antunes, Nicolas (1)
- Aplin, Karen L. (1)
- Appel, Erwin (1)
- Araùjo, Alessandro (1)
- Araújo, Alessandro (1)
- Araújo, Miguel B. (1)
- Arculus, Richard (1)
- Arndt, Iris (1)
- Arnold, Frank (1)
- Artuso, Florinda (1)
- Aryal, Krishna Kumar (1)
- Asao, Shinichi (1)
- Asharaf, Shakeel (1)
- Asmi, Eija (1)
- Astor, Thomas (1)
- Aufmhoff, Heinfried (1)
- Auro, Maureen (1)
- Avngaard, Michael (1)
- Aydin, Murat (1)
- Ayele, Atalay (1)
- Baalbaki, Rima (1)
- Bacher, Sven (1)
- Bader, Michael (1)
- Bahlburg, Heinrich (1)
- Baier, Bodo (1)
- Baier, Sven (1)
- Baikpour, Shahram (1)
- Bajnai, David (1)
- Balis, Dimitris (1)
- Barkov, Andrei Yu (1)
- Barron, Jennie (1)
- Barry, Peter H. (1)
- Bartyzel, J. (1)
- Bartyzel, Jakub (1)
- Bathelt, Harald (1)
- Batte, Arthur (1)
- Batte, Arthur Godfrey (1)
- Bauer, Christian (1)
- Baumgartner, Bernhard (1)
- Baxter, Ethan (1)
- Beck, Christoph (1)
- Becker, Clemens (1)
- Becker, Thorsten W. (1)
- Bekaert, David V. (1)
- Belamari, Sophie (1)
- Bell, David M. (1)
- Bellprat, Omar (1)
- Benard, Antoine (1)
- Bendall, Chris (1)
- Berckhemer, Hans (1)
- Berger, Christiane (1)
- Berger, Elisabeth (1)
- Bergmann, Malte (1)
- Berndt, Jasper (1)
- Bernhardt-Römermann, Markus (1)
- Bertozzi, Barbara (1)
- Beuchert, Marcus (1)
- Bhattacharya, Ritthik (1)
- Bhusal, Chop Lal (1)
- Bianch, Federico (1)
- Bibus, Erhard (1)
- Bijlsma, Rienk-Jan (1)
- Bingham, Robert (1)
- Binietoglou, Ioannis (1)
- Binnie, Steven A. (1)
- Boeckx, Pascal (1)
- Boer, Matthias M. (1)
- Bondo, Torsten (1)
- Bonino, Enrico (1)
- Borga, Marco (1)
- Bormann, Helge (1)
- Born, Axel (1)
- Bornemann, André (1)
- Bosak, Alexei (1)
- Boschetti, Fabio (1)
- Botcharnikov, Roman E. (1)
- Botsyun, Svetlana (1)
- Botzat, Alexandra (1)
- Boulard, Eglantine (1)
- Bousquet, Philippe (1)
- Bown, Paul R. (1)
- Boyd, Melissa Doyle (1)
- Bozem, Heiko (1)
- Braesicke, Peter (1)
- Brand, Uwe (1)
- Brazier, Richard E. (1)
- Brenker, Frank E. (1)
- Brennecka, Gregory A. (1)
- Breuer, Lutz (1)
- Brey, Gerhard (1)
- Brilli, Federico (1)
- Brown, Paul R. (1)
- Bruch, Angela A. (1)
- Brunke, Ernst-Günther (1)
- Brunnemann-Stubbe, Gefion (1)
- Bräkling, Steffen (1)
- Bräuer, Peter (1)
- Brüsch, Dennis (1)
- Bulatov, Vadim K. (1)
- Burton, Chantelle (1)
- Burton, Kevin W. (1)
- Bushell, Andrew C. (1)
- Butchart, Neal (1)
- Butler, Robyn (1)
- Béranger, Karine (1)
- Böing, Steven (1)
- Bölöni, Gergely (1)
- Büscher, Janina (1)
- Büscher, Julia (1)
- Cabeza, Mar (1)
- Cai, Jing (1)
- Calmanti, Sandro (1)
- Calvo, Leonor (1)
- Campus, Adele (1)
- Carlotto, Victor (1)
- Carré, Matthieu (1)
- Caudillo, Lucía (1)
- Chakraborty, Megha (1)
- Charlesworth, Edward (1)
- Chatterjee, Fabien (1)
- Chen, Chih-Chieh (1)
- Cheng, Chao (1)
- Cheng, Ye-Ming (1)
- Chiavarini, Salvatore (1)
- Chiu, Randall (1)
- Christ, Mona (1)
- Chu, Biwu (1)
- Chuang, Wayne K. (1)
- Chun, Hye-Yeong (1)
- Cincotta, Aude (1)
- Civiero, Chiara (1)
- Cizungu Ntaboba, Landry (1)
- Clark, Patrick E. (1)
- Coelho, João d’Oliveira (1)
- Collingham, Yvonne C. (1)
- Condamine, Fabien L. (1)
- Contreras Arias, Lineth (1)
- Craddock, John (1)
- Cramer, Anja (1)
- Cramer, Michael D. (1)
- Cruz-Uribe, Alicia (1)
- Cunliffe, Andrew M. (1)
- Cuxart, Joan (1)
- Cvetković, Vladica (1)
- D'Amato, F. (1)
- Daellenbach, Kaspar Rudolf (1)
- Damuth, John (1)
- Dan, Anca (1)
- Danis, Francois (1)
- Danker, Jessica (1)
- Dasgupta, Mahananda (1)
- Daub, Frederik (1)
- Davis, Charles C. (1)
- Davis‐Reddy, Claire (1)
- De Kauwe, Martin G. (1)
- De Menezes, Louis-Philippe (1)
- De Wekker, Stephan F. J. (1)
- Debaille, Vinciane (1)
- Demers-Stępień, Daria Katarzyna (1)
- Deneke, Hartwig (1)
- Denhard, Michael (1)
- Dettmering, Denise (1)
- Devis, Annemarie (1)
- Dhimal, Mandira Lamichhane (1)
- Diehl, Peter (1)
- Dietl, Carlo (1)
- Dietl, Gregory P. (1)
- Dippel, Ann-Christin (1)
- Dohmen, Janik (1)
- Dolaptchiev, Stamen Iankov (1)
- Doluschitz, Reiner (1)
- Dombrowski, Andrea (1)
- Doublier, Michael Patrick (1)
- Doubre, Cecile (1)
- Douville, Hervé (1)
- Dragovic, Besim (1)
- Drobinski, Philippe (1)
- Du, Wei (1)
- Dulski, Peter (1)
- Dunai, Tibor J. (1)
- Duplissy, Ella-Maria (1)
- Durali-Müller, Soodabeh (1)
- Dörr, Wolfgang (1)
- Ebinger, Cynthia J. (1)
- Edelmann, Benedikt (1)
- Ehlers, Todd A. (1)
- Ehrlich, Kornelia (1)
- Eichhorn-Müller, Astrid (1)
- El Khrepy, Sami (1)
- Ellenbeck, Laura (1)
- Enama Mengong, Mathurin (1)
- Encinas-Lara, Miguel Sebastián (1)
- Engelbrecht, Francois (1)
- Engelmann, Lars (1)
- Engelmann, Ronny (1)
- Enghoff, Martin Bødker (1)
- Entling, Martin H. (1)
- Eronen, Jussi T. (1)
- Escarzaga, Stephen M. (1)
- Espadaler, Xavier (1)
- Ewen, Tracy (1)
- Fastrup, Bent (1)
- Fehrs, Kristiane (1)
- Feng, Liang (1)
- Fernández-Guisuraga, José Manuel (1)
- Fischer, Anton (1)
- Fisher, Adrian G. (1)
- Fishwick, Stewart (1)
- Flaounas, Emmanouil (1)
- Fohrer, Nicola (1)
- Foley, Stephen F. (1)
- Forien, Mélanie (1)
- Forkel, Matthias (1)
- Fosser, Giorgia (1)
- Frank, David C. (1)
- Frank, Dirk (1)
- Frank, Göran P. (1)
- Frank, Martin (1)
- Frank, Sina Kai (1)
- Franz, Daniela (1)
- Frechen, Manfred (1)
- Fred, Marianne (1)
- Freiermuth, Mira (1)
- Frenzel, Peter (1)
- Freydank, Katharina (1)
- Frick-Trzebitzky, Fanny (1)
- Friedrich, Anke M. (1)
- Friedrich-Rust, Mireen (1)
- Frisch, Konstantin (1)
- Fritz, Susanne A. (1)
- Fritzsch, Dagmar (1)
- Frolov, Andrei O. (1)
- Fromm, Kurt (1)
- Frost, Daniel J. (1)
- Frömmel, Stephan (1)
- Fuchs, Friderun (1)
- Fuchs, Lukas (1)
- Fuhrer, Oliver (1)
- Fundel, Felix (1)
- Förster, Michael W. (1)
- Füllekrug, Martin (1)
- Gaab, Simone (1)
- Galadí-Enríquez, Elena (1)
- Ganschow, Steffen (1)
- Gao, Pengpeng (1)
- Gao, Zheng (1)
- Garber, Joshua M. (1)
- Garcia, Rolando R. (1)
- Gates, Jay Gates (1)
- Gautsch, Sebastian (1)
- Gdulová, Kateřina (1)
- Genco, Silvia (1)
- Gharahi Ghehi, Nasrin (1)
- Giebel, Johannes (1)
- Giesenberg, Annika (1)
- Gillespie, Breahna M. (1)
- Giorgi, Filippo (1)
- Girnis, Andrei V. (1)
- Glazyrin, Konstantin (1)
- Glodny, Johannes (1)
- Godefroit, Pascal (1)
- Goes, Saskia (1)
- Gohm, Alexander (1)
- Goitom, Berhe (1)
- Golabek, Gregor (1)
- Golden, Steven (1)
- Goloub, Philippe (1)
- Golovin, Alexander (1)
- Gonzalez Carracedo, Loic (1)
- Gonzalez-Castillo, Lourdes (1)
- González-Castillo, Lourdes (1)
- Good, Elizabeth (1)
- Graf, Phoebe (1)
- Graham, Hugh A. (1)
- Grams, Thorsten E. E. (1)
- Granzow, Michaela (1)
- Gras, John (1)
- Gray, Lesley J. (1)
- Greenberg, Eran (1)
- Greule, Markus (1)
- Griebel, Anne (1)
- Griessbach, Sabine (1)
- Grießbach, Sabine (1)
- Grisogono, Branko (1)
- Gronenborn, Detlef (1)
- Grosse, Pablo (1)
- Grützner-Handke, Tobias (1)
- Guarnelli, Yoann (1)
- Guedez Orozco, Arlen (1)
- Guedez, Arlen A. (1)
- Guenet, Bertrand (1)
- Guignot, Nicolas (1)
- Gummert, Michael (1)
- Gumnior, Maren (1)
- Gurierrez, Quiriat J. (1)
- Göcke, Tobias (1)
- Göllner, Mareike (1)
- Güntner, Andreas (1)
- Günzel, Marian (1)
- Güttler, Ivan (1)
- Habersetzer, Jörg (1)
- Haefele, Alexander (1)
- Hahn, F. (1)
- Hainer, Markus (1)
- Hall, Brad D. (1)
- Halldórsson, Sæmundur A. (1)
- Hamed, Amar (1)
- Hamilton, Kevin (1)
- Hammer, Emanuel (1)
- Hammond, James O. S. (1)
- Hanan, Niall P. (1)
- Hanasaki, Naota (1)
- Hanfland, Michael (1)
- Hanggito, Muhammad S. (1)
- Hanisch, Sabine (1)
- Hanrahan, Margaret (1)
- Hantsch, Ute (1)
- Happell, James D. (1)
- Harper, Anna (1)
- Harrison, R. Giles (1)
- Harrison, Roy M. (1)
- Hartick, Carl (1)
- Hartmut, Herrmann (1)
- Haselberger, Stefan (1)
- Hattingen, Elke (1)
- Hauck, Jürgen (1)
- Hauser, Ilona (1)
- Havrilla, Caroline A. (1)
- He, Man (1)
- He, Xucheng (1)
- Heaman, Larry M. (1)
- Hegna, Thomas A. (1)
- Heikkinen, Liine (1)
- Heilman, Philip (1)
- Heitto, Arto (1)
- Hellwig, Alexandra (1)
- Helm, Johanna (1)
- Henry, Hadrien (1)
- Henschel, Henning (1)
- Herman, Jonathan D. (1)
- Hervo, Maxime (1)
- Hervé, Francisco (1)
- Heymann, Gunter (1)
- Heyner, Frank (1)
- Higgins, Steven I. (1)
- Himmit, Mimoun (1)
- Hinderer, Matthias (1)
- Hirschle, Christian (1)
- Hirt, Ulrike (1)
- Hoffmann, E. (1)
- Hoffmann, Thorsten (1)
- Hofmann, Sven (1)
- Holt, Laura (1)
- Homan, Carine (1)
- Homan, Carine D. (1)
- Homuth, Benjamin (1)
- Hooyberghs, Hans (1)
- Hornung, Jens (1)
- Hou, Alicia (1)
- Hudson, J. Harold (1)
- Hungate, Bruce A. (1)
- Häuserer, Michael (1)
- Höfer, Heidi E. (1)
- Hörtnagl, Lukas (1)
- Hösen, Elisabeth (1)
- Hösen, Maria Elisabeth (1)
- Igel, Jan (1)
- Ionov, Dmitri A. (1)
- Irl, Severin (1)
- Irl, Severin D. H. (1)
- Isaksen, I. S. A. (1)
- Isaksen, Ivar S.A. (1)
- Ivanova, Ekaterina (1)
- Ivanova, Elena V. (1)
- Ivashko, Oleh (1)
- Iversen, Colleen M. (1)
- Iyer, Siddharth (1)
- Jacob, Dorrit (1)
- Jacobsen, Benjamin (1)
- Jaeschke, Wolfgang (1)
- Jain, Atul Kumar (1)
- Jakovlev, Andrey (1)
- Jansen, Hendrik (1)
- Jaspers, Ulrike (1)
- Ji, Wenjie (1)
- Jiao, Yukun (1)
- Johnson, Matthew F. (1)
- Jones, Matthew D. (1)
- Jones, Rod L. (1)
- Joshi, Hari Datt (1)
- Juarez-Arellano, Erick A. (1)
- Jud, Werner (1)
- Jurányi, Zsófia (1)
- Juvigné, Etienne (1)
- Jördens, Judith (1)
- Kahrmann, Katharina (1)
- Kajos, Maija (1)
- Kalinka, Frank (1)
- Kalkreuth, Wolfgang (1)
- Kalthoff, Norbert (1)
- Kanjilal, Suranita (1)
- Karahan, Ali E. (1)
- Karandikar, Amol (1)
- Karl, Jason W. (1)
- Katrynski, Krzysztof (1)
- Katrynski, Krzysztof Stanislaw (1)
- Kaufmann, Martin (1)
- Kawatani, Yoshio (1)
- Keir, Derek (1)
- Kellett, Barry (1)
- Kemmer, Laura (1)
- Kendall, J. Michael (1)
- Kerzenmacher, Tobias (1)
- Kienberger, Stefan (1)
- Kier, Carlo (1)
- Kim, Changhyuk (1)
- Kim, Young-Ha (1)
- Kirshbaum, Daniel J. (1)
- Klama, Kai Olaf (1)
- Klein, Rupert (1)
- Klein, Sabine (1)
- Klein, Thomas (1)
- Klein, Tina (1)
- Kleine, Barbara I. (1)
- Kleine, Carola-Ellen (1)
- Kleinschmidt, Georg (1)
- Klocke, Daniel (1)
- Klostermann, Lars (1)
- Knauz, Alena (1)
- Kneier, Fabian (1)
- Knickel, Karlheinz W. (1)
- Kniest, Jorit F. (1)
- Kokkalis, Panagiotis (1)
- Komppula, Mika (1)
- Konecke, Brian (1)
- Kong, Weimeng (1)
- Kooijman, Ellen (1)
- Korsakov, Andrey (1)
- Kotroni, Vassiliki (1)
- Kottas, Michael (1)
- Koulakov, Ivan (1)
- Kramer, Koen (1)
- Kramm, Gerhard (1)
- Kraushaar, Sabine (1)
- Krebs, Florian (1)
- Krechmer, Jordan (1)
- Kreichauf, René (1)
- Kretschmer, Ernst (1)
- Kristiansen, Glen (1)
- Krol, Maarten (1)
- Kroon, Dick (1)
- Krsnik, Emilija (1)
- Krüger, Mira (1)
- Kudernatsch, Thomas (1)
- Kuhn, David (1)
- Kuhnert, Ralph (1)
- Kullmer, Ottmar (1)
- Kulmatiski, Andrew (1)
- Kumar, Amit (1)
- Kumar, Rohini (1)
- Kumschick, Sabrina (1)
- Kupzig, Jenny (1)
- Kvashin, Alexander N. (1)
- Kvashnin, Alexander N. (1)
- Köhler, Jonas (1)
- Köhler, Martin (1)
- Köhn, Daniel (1)
- König, Matthias (1)
- Kühnel, Sandy (1)
- Kılıç, Doğuşhan (1)
- Lagomarsino, Laura P. (1)
- Lamkaddam, Houssni (1)
- Lampilahti, Janne (1)
- Lampimäki, Marku (1)
- Lapp, Manuel (1)
- Laurila, Tiia (1)
- Lauwaeta, Dirk (1)
- Le Roux, Véronique (1)
- Leau, Erica S. de (1)
- Lee, Chuan Ping (1)
- Lehner, Bernhard L. (1)
- Leitner, Jan (1)
- Leng, Guoyong (1)
- Lenz, Olaf (1)
- Leonhardt, Dietmar (1)
- Leppä, Johannes (1)
- Lerosey-Aubril, Rudy (1)
- Leroy, Sylvie (1)
- Li, Cheng-Sen (1)
- Liehr, Stefan (1)
- Lillestol, Egil (1)
- Lindenfeld, Michael (1)
- Linge Johnsen, Simen Alexander (1)
- Linke, Peter (1)
- Lionello, Piero (1)
- Lister, Adrian M. (1)
- Liu, Bangjun (1)
- Liu, Daijun (1)
- Liu, Ming-Chang (1)
- Liu, Yongchun (1)
- Liu, Zhigao (1)
- Lloyd, Gary (1)
- Lockwood, Michael (1)
- Loewenstein, Max (1)
- Lopez, Taryn (1)
- Lorenz-Meyer, Andreas (1)
- Loreto, Francesco (1)
- Lott, Francois (1)
- Lotter, André (1)
- Lotter, André F. (1)
- Loukonen, Ville (1)
- Lu, Chaojin (1)
- Lu, Meng (1)
- Lu, Xingjie (1)
- Lucarini, Valerio (1)
- Luchs, Timo (1)
- Ludwig, Fulco (1)
- Luerweg, Frank (1)
- Luo, Yiqi (1)
- Lutz-Bachmann, Matthias (1)
- Luus, Kristina (1)
- Lyons, Mitchell B. (1)
- López-Puertas, Manuel (1)
- Löffler, Niklas (1)
- Löwer, Alexander (1)
- Lütkemeier, Robert (1)
- Ma, Chi (1)
- MacKenzie, Brian R. (1)
- MacPherson, Glenn J. (1)
- Magdaleno, Fernando (1)
- Maier, Norbert (1)
- Maiheu, Bino (1)
- Makkonen, Ulla (1)
- Maltitz, Graham P. von (1)
- Mamali, Dimitra (1)
- Mamouri, Rodanthi (1)
- Mangoen, Stephane (1)
- Mantzouni, Irene (1)
- Marie, Guillaume (1)
- Markevich, Valentina S. (1)
- Marriner, Nick (1)
- Marsh, Nigel D. (1)
- Marten, Ruby (1)
- Martin, Robert F. (1)
- Martus, Peter (1)
- Martínez, Felipe I. (1)
- Martı́nez, Felipe I. (1)
- Marzen, Miriam (1)
- Mashchuk, Irina M. (1)
- Massimetti, Francesco (1)
- Massonne, Hans-Joachim (1)
- Massuyeau, Malcolm (1)
- Matjuschkin, Vladimir (1)
- Maumus, Jérôme (1)
- Maurer, Vera (1)
- Mauritz, Marguerite E. (1)
- Mbonigaba Muhinda, Jean Jacques (1)
- McCammon, Catherine (1)
- McGrath, Matthew J. (1)
- McIntire, Cameron D. (1)
- McLandress, C. (1)
- Medina, Félix M. (1)
- Medlyn, Belinda E. (1)
- Megonigal, J. Patrick (1)
- Meier, Karl J. F. (1)
- Merkel, Maik (1)
- Metzen, Daniel (1)
- Midgley, Guy F. (1)
- Mikhailenko, Denis (1)
- Millonig, Leo J. (1)
- Milner Garcia, Sara (1)
- Milz, Mathias (1)
- Mirone, Alessandro (1)
- Moellendorf, Darrel (1)
- Moore, David P. (1)
- Morgenroth, Wolfgang (1)
- Morin, Efrat (1)
- Mountain, Bruce W. (1)
- Muirhead, James D. (1)
- Muller, Caroline (1)
- Mumford, Samuel (1)
- Munsch, Pascal (1)
- Muraschko, Jewgenija (1)
- Murillo, Lucía Caudillo (1)
- Mutius, Richard von (1)
- Mutz, Sebastian G. (1)
- Muvundja, Fabrice (1)
- Myers-Smith, Isla H. (1)
- Márquez-Ramírez, Victor Hugo (1)
- Mäkelä, Jyrki (1)
- Méndez-Barroso, Luis Arturo (1)
- Müller, Frank (1)
- Müller, Mathias (1)
- Müller, Tatjana (1)
- Müller-Tautges, Christina (1)
- Naoe, Hiroaki (1)
- Naoum, Maria Eleni (1)
- Nawa, Viktor Peter (1)
- Nebel, Oliver (1)
- Nenes, Athanasios (1)
- Nentwig, Wolfgang (1)
- Neubauer, Dieter (1)
- Neumann, Hermann (1)
- Nguepjouo Megaptche, Diderot Serge (1)
- Nichovic, Slobodan (1)
- Niederhöfer, Anja (1)
- Nitsche, Helga (1)
- Nitsche, Tobias (1)
- Njiekak, Gautier (1)
- Noordmann, Janine (1)
- Norby, Richard J. (1)
- Nowacki, Dirk (1)
- Nowak, John B. (1)
- Obermeier, Alexander (1)
- Oel, Pieter van (1)
- Ogubazghi, Ghebrebrhan (1)
- Ono, Shuhei (1)
- Oren, Ram (1)
- Ország, Gábor (1)
- Osborne, Anne (1)
- Osprey, Scott (1)
- Ostberg, Sebastian (1)
- Otter, Laura M. (1)
- Otto, Robert (1)
- Ouedraogo, Issa (1)
- Paasonen, Pauli (1)
- Palitzsch, Katrin (1)
- Palmer, Paul I. (1)
- Palomares Martínez, Angel (1)
- Pang, Long-Gang (1)
- Panthou, Gérémy (1)
- Papa, Fabrice (1)
- Papastefanou, Phillip (1)
- Papeschi, Samuele (1)
- Partoll, Eva (1)
- Passananti, Monica (1)
- Patta Pillar, Valério de (1)
- Paulsen, Christian (1)
- Pedersen, E. (1)
- Pedersen, Jens Olaf Pepke (1)
- Peiris, Thedini Asali (1)
- Peräkylä, Otso (1)
- Pestchevitskaya, Ekaterina (1)
- Peter, Sarah (1)
- Petersen, Hannah (1)
- Petrunin, Alexey G. (1)
- Petschick, Rainer (1)
- Petzold, Knut (1)
- Pfeiffer, Eva-Maria (1)
- Pfeiffer, Mirjam (1)
- Pfeifroth, Uwe Anton (1)
- Pham, Trang Van (1)
- Philippov, Maxim (1)
- Pieper, Andrea (1)
- Pint, Anna (1)
- Pinzón López, Juan I. (1)
- Podladchikov, Yuri (1)
- Podrascanin, Zorica (1)
- Pokhrel, Yadu (1)
- Polly, P. David (1)
- Polny, Josef (1)
- Portmann, Felix (1)
- Pospisilova, Veronika (1)
- Pothapakula, Praveen Kumar (1)
- Potouridis, Theodoros (1)
- Potthast, Roland (1)
- Power, Simon C. (1)
- Prakapenka, Vitali (1)
- Prakapenka, Vitali B. (1)
- Presnyakova, Darya (1)
- Prigent, Catherine (1)
- Pringle, Kirsty (1)
- Proestakis, Emmanouil (1)
- Protsch, Reiner R. R. (1)
- Prošek, Jiří (1)
- Pugh, Thomas A. M. (1)
- Purr, Christopher (1)
- Pécskay, Zoltán (1)
- Pérez-Díaz, Lucia (1)
- Pétrequin, Pierre (1)
- Quintana‑Segui, Pere (1)
- Quinteros Cartaya, Claudia (1)
- Quinteros-Cartaya, Claudia (1)
- Rabbel, Wolfgang (1)
- Ragozin, Alexey (1)
- Ramme, Alfons (1)
- Rammensee, Philipp (1)
- Rammig, Anja (1)
- Ranjithkumar, Ananth (1)
- Rankenburg, Kai (1)
- Ranta, Eemu (1)
- Rap, Alexandru (1)
- Rapp, Markus (1)
- Reale, Marco (1)
- Reddington, Carly L. (1)
- Regnery, Julia (1)
- Reichart, Gerardus-Jan (1)
- Reichl, Ulrike (1)
- Reichmann, Hans Josef (1)
- Reimann, Cornelia R. (1)
- Remedios, John J. (1)
- Reshetova, Svetlana A. (1)
- Reyer, Christopher (1)
- Rhee, Tae Siek (1)
- Rhoderick, George J. (1)
- Ribstein, Bruno (1)
- Richter, Jadwiga H. (1)
- Ridder, Koen de (1)
- Riegel, Walter (1)
- Rigby, Matthew (1)
- Ringsdorf, Akima (1)
- Ritter, Benedikt (1)
- Rivard, Camille (1)
- Rizzo, Luciana V. (1)
- Robin, Jóhann Gunnarsson (1)
- Rohdenburg, Heinrich (1)
- Rollion-Bard, Claire (1)
- Romano, Sandra (1)
- Romero-Lankao, Patricia (1)
- Roozbahani, Amin (1)
- Roozendael, Michel van (1)
- Rosenhauer, Matthias (1)
- Rossetti, Federico (1)
- Rossi, Juana Norma (1)
- Rotach, Mathias (1)
- Rudolf, Bruno (1)
- Ruh, Sabine Theadora (1)
- Runge, Jürgen (1)
- Ruthensteiner, Bernhard (1)
- Ryan, Edmund (1)
- Röhnert, Daniel (1)
- Röhr, Christian (1)
- Römermann, Christine (1)
- Rörup, Birte (1)
- Rüpke, Lars (1)
- Salameh, Peter K. (1)
- Salat, Christina (1)
- Saltzman, Eric S. (1)
- Sanchez-Gomez, Emilia (1)
- Sanchez-Lorenzo, Arturo (1)
- Sandrock, Oliver (1)
- Sanz-Ablanedo, Enoc (1)
- Sarafian, Adam (1)
- Sauer, Katherine J. (1)
- Sauerbruch, Tilman (1)
- Sawadogo-Kaboré, Séraphine (1)
- Saxena, Sabine (1)
- Say, Dan (1)
- Scambelluri, Marco (1)
- Scheel, Hans-Eckhart (1)
- Scheidegger, Christoph (1)
- Schemm-Gregory, Mena-Daniela (1)
- Schemmel, Fabian (1)
- Schenk, Ludwig P. (1)
- Scherer, Daniel (1)
- Schervish, Meredith (1)
- Schiebener, Leonie (1)
- Schierwagen, Robert (1)
- Schlegel, Kristian (1)
- Schleifer, Norbert (1)
- Schmid, Fabienne (1)
- Schmidt, Esther Dorothe (1)
- Schmitt, Dominik (1)
- Schnick, Wolfgang (1)
- Schohl, Nils (1)
- Schollenbruch, Klaus (1)
- Scholz, Wiebke (1)
- Schreiber, Christoph (1)
- Schrenk, Friedemann (1)
- Schreuer, Jürgen (1)
- Schultz, Sandra (1)
- Schulz, Hartmut (1)
- Schulze, Kerstin (1)
- Schulze-Brüninghoff, Damian (1)
- Schumann, Andreas (1)
- Schwardt, Michaela (1)
- Schwarzenbach, Esther (1)
- Schwatke, Christian (1)
- Schweiger, Oliver (1)
- Schäfer, Sophia (1)
- Schär, Christoph (1)
- Schöne, Luisa (1)
- Schönhals, Ernst (1)
- Schüler, Katja (1)
- Scinocca, John (1)
- Scott, Catherine E. (1)
- Seeger, Friederike (1)
- Seeger, Katharina (1)
- Seeger, Manuel (1)
- Seitz, Hans-Michael (1)
- Senf, Fabian (1)
- Serafin, Stefano (1)
- Serva, Federico (1)
- Sgoff, Christine (1)
- Shadkam, Somayeh (1)
- Shahraki, Meysam (1)
- Sharma, Nayan (1)
- Shaw, Cliff S. J. (1)
- Shimizu, Nobumichi (1)
- Shollenberger, Quinn R. (1)
- Shu, Qiao (1)
- Shu, Shijie (1)
- Shvedov, Gennadiy I. (1)
- Siebert, Julien (1)
- Silva, Catarina (1)
- Silva, Maria Joana Ferreira da Silva (1)
- Silva, Nicolas Da (1)
- Simmonds, Peter (1)
- Simon, Adam (1)
- Simon, Nina (1)
- Simpson, Isla R. (1)
- Singer, Christiane (1)
- Singh, Shanker Pratap (1)
- Sinitsa, Sofia M. (1)
- Skrzypek, Klaudius Peter (1)
- Smit, Julian L. (1)
- Solomos, Stavros (1)
- Sommer, Jens (1)
- Somot, Samuel (1)
- Spada, Giorgio (1)
- Spezzaferri, Silvia (1)
- Stagno, Vincenzo (1)
- Stainbank, Stephanie (1)
- Stalter, Daniel (1)
- Stan, Camelia V. (1)
- Stanley, Kieran (1)
- Stanley, Kieran M. (1)
- Stavroulas, Iasonas (1)
- Steck, Tilman (1)
- Steele, Caitriana M. (1)
- Steinbauer, Manuel J. (1)
- Steinberg, Holger Kai (1)
- Steiner, Heiko (1)
- Stekiel, Michal (1)
- Stengel, Martin (1)
- Stenseth, Nils C. (1)
- Stiperski, Ivana (1)
- Stobbe, Astrid (1)
- Stockdale, Timothy N. (1)
- Storz, David (1)
- Streit, Verena (1)
- Stuart, Anthony J. (1)
- Stuart, Finlay M. (1)
- Stuart, Graham W. (1)
- Stäblein, Gerhard (1)
- Stękiel, Michał (1)
- Su, Nan (1)
- Sudo, Masafumi (1)
- Suminska-Ebersoldt, Olga (1)
- Sun, Youbin (1)
- Sun, Yuzhuang (1)
- Suárez-Seoane, Susana (1)
- Sveinbjörnsdóttir, Árný E. (1)
- Svensmark, Henrik (1)
- Svensmark, J. (1)
- Swart, Peter Koenraad (1)
- Sykes, Martin T. (1)
- Söller, Linda (1)
- Söllner, Frank (1)
- Sørensen, Helle (1)
- Taguchi, Masakazu (1)
- Talbot, Robert (1)
- Talhelm, Alan (1)
- Tamura, Nobumichi (1)
- Tao, Mengchu (1)
- Tassi, Franco (1)
- Tauber, Christian (1)
- Thavhana, Mulalo Precious (1)
- Thiemeyer, Nicolas (1)
- Thimm, Georg (1)
- Thoma, Markus (1)
- Thomson, Stuart N. (1)
- Tichomirowa, Marion (1)
- Tilgner, Andreas (1)
- Tillmann, Tanja (1)
- Timmers, Heiko (1)
- Tisler, Priit (1)
- Tomašových, Adam (1)
- Tomé, António (1)
- Torma, Csaba Zsolt (1)
- Toselli, Alejandro J. (1)
- Trebicka, Jonel (1)
- Trimby, Patrick (1)
- Triviño, Maria (1)
- Tsekeri, Alexandra (1)
- Tödter, Julian (1)
- Tögl, Anja Christine (1)
- Ulanovskii, Alexey (1)
- Uschner, Frank Erhard (1)
- Vacchi, Matteo (1)
- Vakkari, Ville (1)
- Van Ranst, Eric (1)
- Van Roozendael, Michel (1)
- Vargas Zesati, Sergio A. (1)
- Vartianinen, E. (1)
- Veenhof, Rob (1)
- Verestek, Verena (1)
- Verheggen, Bart (1)
- Versick, Stefan (1)
- Vetter, Vanessa (1)
- Večenaj, Željko (1)
- Viljoen, K.S. (1)
- Villarreal, Miguel L. (1)
- Virkkula, Aki (1)
- Visser, Fleur (1)
- Viveiros, Fatima (1)
- Vogel, Johanna (1)
- Vollmer, Martin (1)
- Wachendorf, Michael (1)
- Wagener, Thorsten (1)
- Walentowitz, Anna (1)
- Walker, Anthony P. (1)
- Wallraff, Jonas Peter (1)
- Walser, André (1)
- Walter, Benjamin Florian (1)
- Walther, Marcus (1)
- Walther, Thomas (1)
- Wang, Dongyu S. (1)
- Wang, Xin-Nian (1)
- Wang, Ying-Ping (1)
- Wang, Yu-Fei (1)
- Ward, Daniel S. (1)
- Warren, Jeffrey M. (1)
- Watanabe, Shingo (1)
- Wattenbach, Martin (1)
- Weber, A. (1)
- Weber, Stefan K. (1)
- Weber, Yuki (1)
- Wehrle, Günther (1)
- Wei, Junhong (1)
- Weigl, Elmar (1)
- Weinhold, Kay (1)
- Weitz, Lena (1)
- Wennrich, Volker (1)
- Werner, A. (1)
- Westner, Katrin Julia (1)
- Weverberg, Kwinten Van (1)
- Whitehouse, Martin J. (1)
- Widayat, Agus (1)
- Widayat, Agus Haris (1)
- Widodo, Sri (1)
- Wiehl, Leonore (1)
- Wienhold, Franck G. (1)
- Wienhold, Franck G. (1)
- Wild, Martin (1)
- Wilde, Volker (1)
- Wilhelm, Jannik (1)
- Wilhelmsson, Mats (1)
- Wilke, Max (1)
- Wilken, Dennis (1)
- Willems, Patrick (1)
- Willis, Stephen G. (1)
- Willner, Arne (1)
- Wintel, Johannes (1)
- Wirnsberger, Hannes (1)
- Wiseman, Clare L. S. (1)
- Wisshak, Max (1)
- Wittenhagen, Julia (1)
- Wlasits, Peter J. (1)
- Wohlfahrt, Georg (1)
- Wojcikiewicz, Robert (1)
- Woodcock, Ben A. (1)
- Wouters, Jeroen (1)
- Wu, Yusheng (1)
- Wunderlich, Jürgen (1)
- Wunderlich, Tina (1)
- Wurst, Klaus (1)
- Wéber, A. (1)
- Xia, Jianyang (1)
- Xiao, Lin (1)
- Xypolias, Paraskevas (1)
- Yan, Xiaolu (1)
- Yang, Bai (1)
- Yans, Johan (1)
- Yao, Yi-Feng (1)
- Yaoming, Ma (1)
- Yaxley, Gregory M. (1)
- Ye, Qing (1)
- Yokouchi, Yoko (1)
- Yoshida, Kohei (1)
- Yukimoto, Seiji (1)
- Yushko, Vladimir A. (1)
- Yver, Camille E. (1)
- Zaherpour, Jamal (1)
- Zak, Donald R. (1)
- Zang, Christian S. (1)
- Zardi, Dino (1)
- Zauner-Wieczorek, Marcel (1)
- Zennaro, Barbara (1)
- Zha, Qiaozhi (1)
- Zhang, Manlin (1)
- Zhang, Xuan (1)
- Zhang, Zengjie (1)
- Zheng, Feixue (1)
- Zhou, Kai (1)
- Zhou, Xueqin (1)
- Zhou, Ying (1)
- Ziehe, Daniel (1)
- Zimmermann, Lutz Leroy (1)
- Zimmermann, Martin von (1)
- Zulauf, Janet (1)
- da Silva, Maria Joana Ferreira (1)
- de Wall, Helga (1)
- d’Oliveira Coelho, João (1)
- Önol, Bariş (1)
- Šarić, Kristina (1)
- Šı́mová, Petra (1)
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (593)
- Doctoral Thesis (139)
- Book (25)
- Contribution to a Periodical (21)
- Conference Proceeding (19)
- Working Paper (19)
- Part of Periodical (10)
- Diploma Thesis (8)
- diplomthesis (7)
- Preprint (6)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (872)
Keywords
- climate change (13)
- Climate change (5)
- Geochemistry (5)
- Klimaänderung (5)
- Atmospheric chemistry (4)
- Boden (4)
- Deutschland (4)
- Klima (4)
- Modellierung (4)
- Stratosphäre (4)
Institute
- Geowissenschaften (872)
- Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft (59)
- Präsidium (49)
- Biodiversität und Klima Forschungszentrum (BiK-F) (45)
- Geographie (26)
- Biowissenschaften (15)
- Medizin (11)
- Physik (7)
- Institut für Ökologie, Evolution und Diversität (6)
- Biochemie und Chemie (5)
Water footprints have been proposed as sustainability indicators, relating the consumption of goods like food to the amount of water necessary for their production and the impacts of that water use in the source regions. We further developed the existing water footprint methodology, by globally resolving virtual water flows from production to consumption regions for major food crops at 5 arcmin spatial resolution. We distinguished domestic and international flows, and assessed local impacts of export production. Applying this method to three exemplary cities, Berlin, Delhi and Lagos, we find major differences in amounts, composition, and origin of green and blue virtual water imports, due to differences in diets, trade integration and crop water productivities in the source regions. While almost all of Delhi's and Lagos' virtual water imports are of domestic origin, Berlin on average imports from more than 4000 km distance, in particular soy (livestock feed), coffee and cocoa. While 42% of Delhi's virtual water imports are blue water based, the fractions for Berlin and Lagos are 2 and 0.5%, respectively, roughly equal to the water volumes abstracted in these two cities for domestic water use. Some of the external source regions of Berlin's virtual water imports appear to be critically water scarce and/or food insecure. However, for deriving recommendations on sustainable consumption and trade, further analysis of context-specific costs and benefits associated with export production will be required.
Contreras, Lineth ; Pross, Jörg ; Bijl, Peter K. ; O'Hara, Robert B. ; Raine, J. Ian ; Sluijs, Appy ; Brinkhuis, Henk
Reconstructing the early Paleogene climate dynamics of terrestrial settings in the high southern latitudes is important to assess the role of high-latitude physical and biogeochemical processes in the global climate system. However, whereas a number of high-quality Paleogene climate records has become available for the marine realm of the high southern latitudes over the recent past, the long-term evolution of coeval terrestrial climates and ecosystems is yet poorly known. We here explore the climate and vegetation dynamics on Tasmania from the middle Paleocene to the early Eocene (60.7–54.2 Ma) based on a sporomorph record from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 1172 on the East Tasman Plateau. Our results show that three distinctly different vegetation types thrived on Tasmania under a high-precipitation regime during the middle Paleocene to early Eocene, with each type representing different temperature conditions: (i) warm-temperate forests dominated by gymnosperms that were dominant during the middle and late Paleocene; (ii) cool-temperate forests dominated by southern beech (Nothofagus) and araucarians across the middle/late Paleocene transition interval (~59.5 to ~59.0 Ma); and (iii) paratropical forests rich in ferns that were established during and in the wake of the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM). The transient establishment of cool-temperate forests lacking any frost-sensitive elements (i.e., palms and cycads) across the middle/late Paleocene transition interval indicates markedly cooler conditions, with the occurrence of frosts in winter, on Tasmania during that time. The integration of our sporomorph data with previously published TEX86-based sea-surface temperatures from ODP Site 1172 documents that the vegetation dynamics on Tasmania were closely linked with the temperature evolution in the Tasman sector of the Southwest Pacific region. Moreover, the comparison of our season-specific climate estimates for the sporomorph assemblages from ODP Site 1172 with the TEX86L- and TEX86H-based temperature data suggests a warm-season bias of both calibrations for the early Paleogene of the high southern latitudes.
Planktonic Foraminifera are important marine calcifiers, and the ongoing change in the oceanic carbon system makes it essential to understand the influence of environmental factors on the biomineralisation of their shells. The amount of calcite deposited by planktonic Foraminifera during calcification has been hypothesized to reflect a range of environmental factors. However, it has never been assessed whether their calcification only passively responds to the conditions of the ambient seawater or whether it reflects changes in resource allocation due to physiological stress. To disentangle these two end-member scenarios, an experiment is required where the two processes are separated. A natural analogue to such an experiment occurred during the deposition of the Mediterranean sapropels, where large changes in surface water composition and stratification at the onset of the sapropel deposition were decoupled from local extinctions of planktonic Foraminifera species. We take advantage of this natural experiment and investigate the reaction of calcification intensity, expressed as size-normalized weight (SNW), of four species of planktonic Foraminifera to changing conditions during the onset of Sapropel S5 (126–121 ka) in a sediment core from the Levantine Basin. We observe a significant relationship between SNW and surface water properties, as reflected by stable isotopes in the calcite of Foraminifera shells, but we failed to observe any reaction of calcification intensity on ecological stress during times of decreasing abundance culminating in local extinction. The reaction of calcification intensity to surface water perturbation at the onset of the sapropel was observed only in surface dwelling species, but all species calcified more strongly prior to the sapropel deposition and less strongly within the sapropel than at comparable conditions during the present day. These results indicate that the high-salinity environment of the glacial Mediterranean Sea prior to sapropel deposition induced a more intense calcification, whereas the freshwater injection to the surface waters associated with sapropel deposition inhibited calcification. The results are robust to changes in carbonate preservation and collectively imply that changes in normalized shell weight in planktonic Foraminifera should reflect mainly abiotic forcing.
Planktonic Foraminifera are important marine calcifiers, and the ongoing change in the oceanic carbon system makes it essential to understand the influence of environmental factors on the biomineralization of their shells. The amount of calcite deposited by planktonic Foraminifera during calcification has been hypothesized to reflect a range of environmental factors. However, it has never been assessed whether their calcification only passively responds to the conditions of the ambient seawater or whether it reflects changes in resource allocation due to physiological stress. To disentangle these two end-member scenarios, an experiment is required where the two processes are separated. A natural analogue to such an experiment occurred during the deposition of the Mediterranean sapropels, where large changes in surface water composition and stratification at the onset of the sapropel deposition were decoupled from local extinctions of planktonic Foraminifera species. We took advantage of this natural experiment and investigated the reaction of calcification intensity, expressed as mean area density (MAD), of four species of planktonic Foraminifera to changing conditions during the onset of Sapropel S5 (126–121 ka) in a sediment core from the Levantine Basin. We observed a significant relationship between MAD and surface water properties, as reflected by stable isotopes in the calcite of Foraminifera shells, but we failed to observe any reaction of calcification intensity on ecological stress during times of decreasing abundance culminating in local extinction. The reaction of calcification intensity to surface water perturbation at the onset of the sapropel was observed only in surface-dwelling species, but all species calcified more strongly prior to the sapropel deposition and less strongly within the sapropel than at similar conditions during the present-day. These results indicate that the high-salinity environment of the glacial Mediterranean Sea prior to sapropel deposition induced a~more intense calcification, whereas the freshwater injection to the surface waters associated with sapropel deposition inhibited calcification. The results are robust to changes in carbonate preservation and collectively imply that changes in normalized shell weight in planktonic Foraminifera should reflect mainly abiotic forcing.
Buendía, Corina ; Arens, Susanne ; Hickler, Thomas ; Higgins, Steven Ian ; Porada, Philipp ; Kleidon, Axel
In old and heavily weathered soils, the availability of P might be so small that the primary production of plants is limited. However, plants have evolved several mechanisms to actively take up P from the soil or mine it to overcome this limitation. These mechanisms involve the active uptake of P mediated by mycorrhiza, biotic de-occlusion through root clusters, and the biotic enhancement of weathering through root exudation. The objective of this paper is to investigate how and where these processes contribute to alleviate P limitation on primary productivity. To do so, we propose a process-based model accounting for the major processes of the carbon, water, and P cycle including chemical weathering at the global scale. We use simulation experiments to assess the relative importance of the different uptake mechanisms to alleviate P limitation on biomass production. Implementing P limitation on biomass synthesis allows the assessment of the efficiencies of biomass production across different ecosystems.
We find that active P-uptake is an essential mechanism for sustaining P availability on long time scales, whereas biotic de-occlusion might serve as a buffer on time scales shorter than 10 000 yr. Although active P uptake is essential for reducing P losses by leaching, humid lowland soils reach P limitation after around 100 000 yr of soil evolution. Given the generalized modeling framework, our model results compare reasonably with observed or independently estimated patterns and ranges of P concentrations in soils and vegetation. Furthermore, our simulations suggest that P limitation might be an important driver of biomass production efficiency (the fraction of the gross primary productivity used for biomass growth), and that vegetation on older soils becomes P-limited leading to a smaller biomass production efficiency.
With this study, we provide a theoretical basis for investigating the responses of terrestrial ecosystems to P availability linking geological and ecological time scales under different environmental settings.
Recently a considerable amount of effort has been put into quantifying how interactions of the carbon and nitrogen cycle affect future terrestrial carbon sinks. Dynamic vegetation models, representing the nitrogen cycle with varying degree of complexity, have shown diverging constraints of nitrogen dynamics on future carbon sequestration. In this study, we use the dynamic vegetation model LPJ-GUESS to evaluate how population dynamics and resource competition between plant functional types, combined with nitrogen dynamics, have influenced the terrestrial carbon storage in the past and to investigate how terrestrial carbon and nitrogen dynamics might change in the future (1850 to 2100; one exemplary "business-as-usual" climate scenario). Single factor model experiments of CO2 fertilisation and climate change show generally similar directions of the responses of C–N interactions, compared to the C-only version of the model, as documented in previous studies. Under a RCP 8.5 scenario, nitrogen limitation suppresses potential CO2 fertilisation, reducing the cumulative net ecosystem carbon uptake between 1850 and 2100 by 61%, and soil warming-induced increase in nitrogen mineralisation reduces terrestrial carbon loss by 31%. When environmental changes are considered conjointly, carbon sequestration is limited by nitrogen dynamics until present. However, during the 21st century nitrogen dynamics induce a net increase in carbon sequestration, resulting in an overall larger carbon uptake of 17% over the full period. This contradicts earlier model results that showed an 8 to 37% decrease in carbon uptake, questioning the often stated assumption that projections of future terrestrial C dynamics from C-only models are too optimistic.
Background, aim, and scope: The chemical substance 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol (TMDD) is a non-ionic surfactant used as an industrial defoaming agent and in various other applications. Its commercial name is Surynol 104® and the related ethoxylates are also available as Surfynol® 420, 440, 465 and 485 which are characterized by different grades of ethoxylation of TMDD at both hydroxyl functional groups. TMDD and its ethoxylates offer several advantages in waterborne industrial applications in coatings, inks, adhesives as well as in paper industries. TMDD and its ethoxylates can be expected to reach the aquatic environment due its widespread use and its physico-chemical properties. TMDD has previously been detected in several rivers of Germany with concentrations up to 2.5 µg/L. In the United States, TMDD was also detected in drinking water. However, detailed studies about its presence and distribution in the aquatic environment have not been carried out so far. The aim of the present study was the analysis of the spatial and temporal concentration variations of TMDD in the river Rhine at the Rheingütestation Worms (443.3 km). Moreover, the transported load in the Rhine was investigated during two entire days and 7 weeks between November 2007 and January 2008.
Materials and methods: The sampling was carried out at three different sampling points across the river. Sampling point MWL1 is located in the left part of the river, MWL2 in the middle part, and MWL4 in the right part. One more sampling site (MWL3) was run by the monitoring station until the end of 2006, but was put out of service due to financial constrains. The water at the left side of the river Rhine (MWL1) is influenced by sewage from a big chemical plant in Ludwigshafen and by the sewage water from this city. The water at the right side of the river Rhine (MWL4) is largely composed of the water inflow from river Neckar, discharging into Rhine 14.9 km upstream from the sampling point and of communal and industrial wastewater from the city Mannheim. The water from the middle of the river (MWL2) is largely composed of water from the upper Rhine. Water samples were collected in 1-L bottles by an automatic sampler. The water samples were concentrated by use of solid-phase extraction (SPE) using Bond Elut PPL cartridges and quantified by use of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The quantification was carried out with the internal standard method. Based on these results, concentration variations were determined for the day profiles and week profiles. The total number of analyzed samples was 219.
Results: The results of this study provide information on the temporal concentration variability of TMDD in river Rhine in a cross section at one particular sampling point (443.3 km). TMDD was detected in all analyzed water samples at high concentrations. The mean concentrations during the 2 days were 314 ng/L in MWL1, 246 ng/L in MWL2, and 286 ng/L in MWL4. The variation of concentrations was low in the day profiles. In the week profiles, a trend of increasing TMDD concentrations was detected particularly in January 2008, when TMDD concentrations reached values up to 1,330 ng/L in MWL1. The mean TMDD concentrations during the week profiles were 540 ng/L in MWL1, 484 ng/L in MWL2, and 576 ng/L in MWL4. The loads of TMDD were also determined and revealed to be comparable in all three sections of the river. The chemical plant located at the left side of the Rhine is not contributing additional TMDD to the river. The load of TMDD has been determined to be 62.8 kg/d on average during the entire period. By extrapolation of data obtained from seven week profiles the annual load was calculated to 23 t/a.
Discussion: The permanent high TMDD concentrations during the investigation period indicate an almost constant discharge of TMDD into the river. This observation argues for effluents of municipal wastewater treatment plants as the most likely source of TMDD in the river. Another possible source might be the degradation of ethoxylates of TMDD (Surfynol® series 400), in the WWTPs under formation of TMDD followed by discharge into the river. TMDD has to be considered as a high-production-volume (HPV) chemical based on the high concentrations found in this study. In the United States, TMDD is already in the list of HPV chemicals from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). However, the amount of TMDD production in Europe is unknown so far and also the biodegradation rates of TMDD in WWTPs have not been investigated.
Conclusions: TMDD was found in high concentrations during the entire sampling period in the Rhine river at the three sampling points. During the sampling period, TMDD concentrations remained constant in each part of the river. These results show that TMDD is uniformly distributed in the water collected at three sampling points located across the river. ‘Waves’ of exceptionally high concentrations of TMDD could not be detected during the sampling period. These results indicate that the effluents of WWTPs have to be considered as the most important sources of TMDD in river Rhine.
Recommendations and perspectives: Based also on the occurrence of TMDD in different surface waters of Germany with concentrations up to 2,500 ng/L and its presence in drinking water in the USA, more detailed investigations regarding its sources and distribution in the aquatic environment are required. Moreover, the knowledge with respect to its ecotoxicity and its biodegradation pathway is scarce and has to be gained in more detail. Further research is necessary to investigate the rate of elimination of TMDD in municipal and industrial wastewater treatment plants in order to clarify the degradation rate of TMDD and to determine to which extent effluents of WWTPs contribute to the input of TMDD into surface waters. Supplementary studies are needed to clarify whether the ethoxylates of TMDD (known as Surfynol 400® series) are hydrolyzed in the aquatic environment resulting in formation of TMDD similar to the well known cleavage of nonylphenol ethoxylates into nonylphenols. The stability of TMDD under anaerobic conditions in groundwater is also unknown and should be studied.
A satellite-based climate record of monthly mean surface solar irradiance (SIS) is investigated with regard to possible inhomogeneities in time. The data record is provided by the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) Satellite Application Facility on Climate Monitoring (CM SAF) for the period of 1983 to 2005, covering a disk area between ±70° in latitude and longitude. The Standard Normal Homogeneity Test (SNHT) and two other homogeneity tests are applied with and without the use of reference SIS data (from the Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN) and from the ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) ERA -Interim reanalysis. The focus is on the detection of break-like inhomogeneities, which may occur due to satellite or SIS retrieval algorithm changes. In comparison with the few suitable BSRN SIS observation series with limited extension in time (no data before 1992), the CM SAF SIS time series do not show significant inhomogeneities, even though slight discrepancies in the surface measurements appear. The investigation of the full CM SAF SIS domain reveal inhomogeneities related to most of the documented satellite and retrieval changes, but only for relatively small domain fractions (especially in mountainous desert-like areas in Africa). In these regions the retrieval algorithm is not capable of adjusting for the changes of the satellite instruments. For other areas, e.g., Europe, no such breaks in the time series are found. We conclude that the CM SAF SIS data record has to be further assessed and regionally homogenized before climate trend investigations can be conducted.
Hossaini, Ryan ; Mantle, Hannah ; Chipperfield, Martyn P. ; Montzka, Stephen A. ; Hamer, Paul ; Ziska, Franziska ; Quack, Birgit ; Krüger, Kirstin ; Tegtmeier, Susann ; Atlas, Elliot L. ; Sala, Stephan ; Engel, Andreas ; Bönisch, Harald ; Keber, Timo ; Oram, David ; Mills, Graham ; Ordóñez, Carlos ; Saiz-Lopez, Alfonso ; Warwick, Nicola ; Liang, Qing ; Feng, Wuhu ; Moore, Fred ; Miller, Benjamin R. ; Marécal, Virginie ; Richards, Nigel A. D. ; Dorf, Marcel Klaus ; Pfeilsticker, Klaus
Emissions of halogenated very short-lived substances (VSLS) are poorly constrained. However, their inclusion in global models is required to simulate a realistic inorganic bromine (Bry) loading in both the troposphere, where bromine chemistry perturbs global oxidizing capacity, and in the stratosphere, where it is a major sink for ozone (O3). We have performed simulations using a 3-D chemical transport model (CTM) including three top-down and a single bottom-up derived emission inventory of the major brominated VSLS bromoform (CHBr3) and dibromomethane (CH2Br2). We perform the first concerted evaluation of these inventories, comparing both the magnitude and spatial distribution of emissions. For a quantitative evaluation of each inventory, model output is compared with independent long-term observations at National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) ground-based stations and with aircraft observations made during the NSF HIAPER Pole-to-Pole Observations (HIPPO) project. For CHBr3, the mean absolute deviation between model and surface observation ranges from 0.22 (38%) to 0.78 (115%) parts per trillion (ppt) in the tropics, depending on emission inventory. For CH2Br2, the range is 0.17 (24%) to 1.25 (167%) ppt. We also use aircraft observations made during the 2011 "Stratospheric Ozone: Halogen Impacts in a Varying Atmosphere" (SHIVA) campaign, in the tropical West Pacific. Here, the performance of the various inventories also varies significantly, but overall the CTM is able to reproduce observed CHBr3 well in the free troposphere using an inventory based on observed sea-to-air fluxes. Finally, we identify the range of uncertainty associated with these VSLS emission inventories on stratospheric bromine loading due to VSLS (BryVSLS). Our simulations show BryVSLS ranges from ~ 4.0 to 8.0 ppt depending on the inventory. We report an optimised estimate at the lower end of this range (~ 4 ppt) based on combining the CHBr3 and CH2Br2 inventories which give best agreement with the compilation of observations in the tropics.
Hossaini, Ryan ; Mantle, Hannah ; Chipperfield, Martyn P. ; Montzka, Stephen A. ; Hamer, Paul ; Ziska, Franziska ; Quack, Birgit ; Krüger, Kirstin ; Tegtmeier, Susann ; Atlas, Elliot L. ; Sala, Stephan ; Engel, Andreas ; Bönisch, Harald ; Keber, Timo ; Oram, David ; Mills, Graham ; Ordóñez, Carlos ; Saiz-Lopez, Alfonso ; Warwick, Nicola ; Liang, Qing ; Feng, Wuhu ; Moore, Fred ; Miller, Benjamin R. ; Marécal, Virginie ; Richards, Nigel A. D. ; Dorf, Marcel Klaus ; Pfeilsticker, Klaus
Emissions of halogenated very short-lived substances (VSLS) are poorly constrained. However, their inclusion in global models is required to simulate a realistic inorganic bromine (Bry) loading in both the troposphere, where bromine chemistry perturbs global oxidising capacity, and in the stratosphere, where it is a major sink for ozone (O3). We have performed simulations using a 3-D chemical transport model (CTM) including three top-down and a single bottom-up derived emission inventory of the major brominated VSLS bromoform (CHBr3) and dibromomethane (CH2Br2). We perform the first concerted evaluation of these inventories, comparing both the magnitude and spatial distribution of emissions. For a quantitative evaluation of each inventory, model output is compared with independent long-term observations at National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) ground-based stations and with aircraft observations made during the NSF (National Science Foundation) HIAPER Pole-to-Pole Observations (HIPPO) project. For CHBr3, the mean absolute deviation between model and surface observation ranges from 0.22 (38%) to 0.78 (115%) parts per trillion (ppt) in the tropics, depending on emission inventory. For CH2Br2, the range is 0.17 (24%) to 1.25 (167%) ppt. We also use aircraft observations made during the 2011 Stratospheric Ozone: Halogen Impacts in a Varying Atmosphere (SHIVA) campaign, in the tropical western Pacific. Here, the performance of the various inventories also varies significantly, but overall the CTM is able to reproduce observed CHBr3 well in the free troposphere using an inventory based on observed sea-to-air fluxes. Finally, we identify the range of uncertainty associated with these VSLS emission inventories on stratospheric bromine loading due to VSLS (BryVSLS). Our simulations show BryVSLS ranges from ~4.0 to 8.0 ppt depending on the inventory. We report an optimised estimate at the lower end of this range (~4 ppt) based on combining the CHBr3 and CH2Br2 inventories which give best agreement with the compilation of observations in the tropics.