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Experimental study of the ¹⁵O(2p,γ)¹⁷Ne cross section by Coulomb dissociation for the rp process
(2016)
The time-reversed reaction 15O(2p, γ)17Ne has been studied by the Coulomb dissociation technique. Secondary 17Ne ion beams at 500 AMeV have been produced by fragmentation reactions of 20Ne in a beryllium production target and dissociated on a secondary Pb target. The incoming beam and the reaction products have been identified with the kinematically complete LAND-R3B experimental setup at GSI. The excitation energy prior to decay has been reconstructed by using the invariant-mass method. The preliminary differential and integral Coulomb Dissociation cross sections (σCoul) have been calculated, which provide a photoabsorption (σphoto) and a radiative capture cross section (σcap). Additionally, important information about the nuclear structure of the 17Ne nucleus will be obtained. The analysis is in progress.
Exclusive measurements of quasi-free proton scattering reactions in inverse and complete kinematics
(2015)
Quasi-free scattering reactions of the type (p, 2p)were measured for the first time exclusively in com-plete and inverse kinematics, using a 12C beam at an energy of ∼400MeV/u as a benchmark. This new technique has been developed to study the single-particle structure of exotic nuclei in experiments with radioactive-ion beams. The outgoing pair of protons and the fragments were measured simultaneously, enabling an unambiguous identification of the reaction channels and a redundant measurement of the kinematic observables. Both valence and deeply-bound nucleon orbits are probed, including those leading to unbound states of the daughter nucleus. Exclusive (p, 2p)cross sections of 15.8(18)mb, 1.9(2)mb and 1.5(2)mb to the low-lying 0p-hole states overlapping with the ground state (3/2−) and with the bound excited states of 11B at 2.125MeV (1/2−) and 5.02MeV (3/2−), respectively, were determined via γ-ray spectroscopy. Particle-unstable deep-hole states, corresponding to proton removal from the 0s-orbital, were studied via the invariant-mass technique. Cross sections and momentum distributions were ex-tracted and compared to theoretical calculations employing the eikonal formalism. The obtained results are in a good agreement with this theory and with direct-kinematics experiments. The dependence of the proton–proton scattering kinematics on the internal momentum of the struck proton and on its sep-aration energy was investigated for the first time in inverse kinematics employing a large-acceptance measurement.
The proton drip-line nucleus 17Ne is investigated experimentally in order to determine its two-proton halo character. A fully exclusive measurement of the 17Ne(p, 2p)16F∗ →15O+p quasi-free one-proton knockout reaction has been performed at GSI at around 500 MeV/nucleon beam energy. All particles resulting from the scattering process have been detected. The relevant reconstructed quantities are the angles of the two protons scattered in quasi-elastic kinematics, the decay of 16F into 15O (including γ decays from excited states) and a proton, as well as the 15O+p relative-energy spectrum and the 16F momentum distributions. The latter two quantities allow an independent and consistent determination of the fractions of l = 0 and l = 2 motion of the valence protons in 17Ne. With a resulting relatively small l = 0 component of only around 35(3)%, it is concluded that 17Ne exhibits a rather modest halo character only. The quantitative agreement of the two values deduced from the energy spectrum and the momentum distributions supports the theoretical treatment of the calculation of momentum distributions after quasi-free knockout reactions at high energies by taking into account distortions based on the Glauber theory. Moreover, the experimental data allow the separation of valence-proton knockout and knockout from the 15O core. The latter process contributes with 11.8(3.1) mb around 40% to the total proton-knockout cross section of 30.3(2.3) mb, which explains previously reported contradicting conclusions derived from inclusive cross sections.
Exclusive measurements of quasi-free proton scattering reactions in inverse and complete kinematics
(2015)
Quasi-free scattering reactions of the type (p, 2p) were measured for the first time exclusively in complete and inverse kinematics, using a 12C beam at an energy of ∼400 MeV/u as a benchmark. This new technique has been developed to study the single-particle structure of exotic nuclei in experiments with radioactive-ion beams. The outgoing pair of protons and the fragments were measured simultaneously, enabling an unambiguous identification of the reaction channels and a redundant measurement of the kinematic observables. Both valence and deeply-bound nucleon orbits are probed, including those leading to unbound states of the daughter nucleus. Exclusive (p, 2p) cross sections of 15.8(18) mb, 1.9(2) mb and 1.5(2) mb to the low-lying 0p-hole states overlapping with the ground state (3/2−) and with the bound excited states of 11B at 2.125 MeV (1/2−) and 5.02 MeV (3/2−), respectively, were determined via γ -ray spectroscopy. Particle-unstable deep-hole states, corresponding to proton removal from the 0s-orbital, were studied via the invariant-mass technique. Cross sections and momentum distributions were extracted and compared to theoretical calculations employing the eikonal formalism. The obtained results are in a good agreement with this theory and with direct-kinematics experiments. The dependence of the proton–proton scattering kinematics on the internal momentum of the struck proton and on its separation energy was investigated for the first time in inverse kinematics employing a large-acceptance measurement.
We have studied one-proton-removal reactions of about 500MeV/u 17Ne beams on a carbon target at the R3B/LAND setup at GSI by detecting beam-like 15O-p and determining their relative-energy distribution. We exclusively selected the removal of a 17Ne halo proton, and the Glauber-model analysis of the 16F momentum distribution resulted in an s2 contribution in the 17Ne ground state of about 40%.
Das im Rahmen dieser Arbeit durchgeführte Experiment hatte zum Ziel Interferenzeffekte beim dissoziativen Ladungstransfer bei Molekülion-Atomstößen zu beobachten. Interferenzeffekte in Molekül-Atomstößen wurden von McGuire hervorgesagt und berechnet [4]. Diese Arbeit betrachtet ein ähnlichen Reaktionssystem. Die von ihm vorausgesagten Effekte wurden bestätigt. Das Experiment hat es ermöglicht, Interferenzen für alle Molekülorientierungen zu betrachten, womit man leicht Analogien zu zwei speziellen Fällen herstellen kann: mit der Molekülachse senkrecht zur Strahlrichtung entsteht eine Situation ähnlich einem Doppelspalt, bei dem die Kerne des Moleküls als Reaktionszentrum an Stelle der Spalte treten; mit der Molekülachse in Strahlrichtung entsteht eine Situation bei der Streuung an einem einzelnen Atom. In allem Molekülorientierungen erkennt man ein ringförmiges Minimum bei 1.6 a.u., wie es insbesondere bei der Beugung einem einzelnen Atom zu beobachten ist. Bei senkrechter Stellung der Molekülachse zur z-Achse überlagert durch die Streifen eines Doppelspaltes. Es war außerdem möglich den Endzustand der Teilchen zu bestimmen, so daß man sagen konnte, ob eine Teilchen angeregt aus der Reaktion hervorgegangen ist oder ob es über metastabile Zwischenzustände zerfallen ist. So ließ sich für den Impulsübertrag von 1.6 au eine Besonderheit feststellen: ein Minimum läßt sich nur im direkten Kanal ohne Anregung beobachten. Findet der Zerfall hingegen über metastabile Zwischenzustände ohne Anregung statt, so weist dieser Kanal bei etwa 1.6 au ein Maximum auf. Parallel zur Durchführung dieser Arbeit wurden erste Tests mit einem digitalen Oszillographen von Aquiris gemacht. Dieser speichert den Spannungsverlauf der Spannung an den Delaylineanoden. Peaks müssen dann schnell genug erkannt und ausgewertet werden. In der Offlineanalyse wären dann eng nebeneinander oder übereinanderliegende Peaks besser als solche zu erkennen. Diese würde die Totzeitproblematik, die sie durch die Dissoziation eines Moleküls senkrecht zur z-Achse entsteht, erheblich entschärfen.