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Flierl, Dominik Bernhard ; Alt, Christopher ; Antičić, Tome ; Baatar, B. ; Barna, Daniel ; Bartke, Jerzy ; Betev, Latchezar ; Białkowska, Helena ; Billmeier, Anja ; Blume, Christoph ; Boimska, Bożena ; Botje, Michiel ; Bracinik, Juraj ; Bramm, Roland ; Brun, René ; Bunčić, Predrag ; Černý, Vladimír ; Christakoglou, Panagiotis ; Chvala, Ondrej ; Cramer, John G. ; Csato, Péter ; Darmenov, Nikolay ; Dimitrov, Anton ; Dinkelaker, Peter ; Eckardt, Volker ; Farantatos, Gerassimos ; Fodor, Zoltán ; Foka, Panagiota ; Freund, Peter ; Friese, Volker ; Gal, József ; Gaździcki, Marek ; Georgopoulos, George ; Gładysz-Dziaduś, Ewa ; Grebieszkow, Katarzyna ; Hegyi, Sándor ; Hohne, Claudia ; Kadija, Krešo ; Karev, Alexandre ; Kliemant, Michael ; Kniege, Stefan ; Kolesnikov, Vadim I. ; Kollegger, Thorsten ; Kornas, Ewelina ; Korus, Robert ; Kowalski, Marek ; Kraus, Ingrid ; Kreps, Michal ; Leeuwen, Marco van ; Lévai, Péter ; Litov, Leandr ; Lungwitz, Benjamin ; Makariev, Martin Vasilev ; Malakhov, Aleksandr I. ; Markert, Christina ; Mateev, Matej D. ; Mayes, Bill W. ; Melkumov, Georgy L. ; Meurer, Christine ; Mischke, André ; Mitrovski, Michael Kosta ; Molnar, József ; Mrowczynski, Stanislaw ; Pálla, Gabriella ; Panagiotou, Apostolos D. ; Panayotov, Dobromir ; Petridis, Athanasios ; Pikna, Miroslav ; Pinsky, Lawrence S. ; Puhlhofer, Falk ; Reid, Jeffrey G. ; Renfordt, Rainer Arno Ernst ; Richard, Agnes Carol Joanna ; Roland, Christof ; Roland, Gunther ; Rybczyński, Maciej ; Rybicki, Andrzej ; Sandoval, Andres ; Sann, Hans ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Seyboth, Peter ; Sikler, Ferenc ; Sitar, Branislav ; Skrzypczak, Ewa ; Stefanek, Grzegorz ; Stock, Reinhard ; Ströbele, Herbert ; Šuša, Tatjana ; Szentpetery, Imre ; Sziklai, János ; Trainor, Thomas A. ; Trubnikov, Victor ; Varga, Dezsö ; Vassiliou, Maria ; Veres, Gábor I. ; Vesztergombi, György ; Vranić, Danilo ; Wetzler, Alexander Albert ; Włodarczyk, Zbigniew ; Yoo, In-Kwon ; Zaranek, Jacek ; Zimanyi, József
The hadronic final state of central Pb+Pb collisions at 20, 30, 40, 80, and 158 AGeV has been measured by the CERN NA49 collaboration. The mean transverse mass of pions and kaons at midrapidity stays nearly constant in this energy range, whereas at lower energies, at the AGS, a steep increase with beam energy was measured. Compared to p+p collisions as well as to model calculations, anomalies in the energy dependence of pion and kaon production at lower SPS energies are observed. These findings can be explained, assuming that the energy density reached in central A+A collisions at lower SPS energies is sufficient to force the hot and dense nuclear matter into a deconfined phase.
Cortese, Pietro ; Abelev, Betty ; Adam, Jaroslav ; Adamová, Dagmar ; Adare, A. M. ; Aggarwal, Madan Mohan ; Aglieri Rinella, Gianluca ; Agocs, A. G. ; Agostinelli, A. ; Aguilar Salazar, S. ; Ahammed, Zubayer ; Ahmad, Nazeer ; Ahmad Masoodi, A. ; Ahn, Sang Un ; Akindinov, Alexander ; Aleksandrov, Dmitry ; Alessandro, Bruno ; Alfaro Molina, Jose Ruben ; Alici, Andrea ; Alkin, Anton ; Almaraz Avina, E. ; Alme, Johan ; Alt, Torsten ; Altini, V. ; Altinpinar, Sedat ; Altsybeev, Igor ; Andrei, Cristian ; Andronic, Anton ; Anguelov, Venelin ; Anielski, Jonas ; Anson, Christopher Daniel ; Antičić, Tome ; Antinori, Federico ; Antonioli, Pietro ; Aphecetche, Laurent Bernard ; Appelshäuser, Harald ; Arbor, N. ; Arcelli, Silvia ; Arend, A. ; Armesto, Néstor ; Arnaldi, Roberta ; Aronsson, Tomas Robert ; Arsene, Ionut Cristian ; Arslandok, Mesut ; Asryan, A. ; Augustinus, Andre ; Averbeck, Ralf Peter ; Awes, T. C. ; Aysto, J. ; Azmi, Mohd Danish ; Bach, Matthias ; Badalà, Angela ; Baek, Yong Wook ; Bailhache, Raphaëlle ; Bala, Renu ; Baldini Ferroli, Rinaldo ; Baldisseri, Alberto ; Baldit, A. ; Baltasar Dos Santos Pedrosa, Fernando ; Ban, J. ; Baral, Rama Chandra ; Barbera, Roberto ; Barile, Francesco ; Barnaföldi, Gergely Gábor ; Barnby, Lee Stuart ; Barret, Valérie ; Bartke, Jerzy ; Basile, Maurizio ; Bastid, Nicole ; Basu, Sumit ; Bathen, Bastian ; Batigne, Guillaume ; Batyunya, Boris ; Baumann, C. ; Bearden, Ian Gardner ; Beck, Hans ; Belikov, Iouri ; Bellini, Francesca ; Bellwied, Rene ; Belmont-Moreno, Ernesto ; Bencédi, Gyula ; Beolè, Stefania ; Berceanu, Ionela ; Bercuci, Alexandru ; Berdnikov, Yaroslav ; Berényi, Dániel ; Berzano, Dario ; Betev, Latchezar ; Bhasin, Anju ; Bhati, Ashok Kumar ; Bhom, Jihyun ; Bianchi, Nicola ; Bianchi, Livio ; Bianchin, Chiara ; Bielčík, Jaroslav ; Bielčíková, Jana ; Bilandzic, Ante ; Bjelogrlic, Sandro ; Blanco, Fernando ; Blanco, Fernando ; Blau, Dmitry S. ; Blume, Christoph ; Boccioli, M. ; Bock, N. ; Bogdanov, Alexey A. ; Boggild, H. ; Bogolyubsky, M. ; Boldizsar, László ; Bombara, Marek ; Book, Julian ; Borel, Hervé ; Borissov, Alexander ; Bose, S. ; Bossú, Francesco ; Botje, Michiel ; Bottger, Stefan ; Boyer, B. ; Braidot, E. ; Braun-Munzinger, Peter ; Bregant, Marco ; Breitner, Timo ; Browning, Tyler Allen ; Broz, Michal ; Brun, René ; Bruna, Elena ; Bruno, Giuseppe Eugenio ; Budnikov, Dmitry ; Büsching, Henner ; Bufalino, Stefania ; Bugaiev, K. ; Busch, Oliver ; Buthelezi, Edith Zinhle ; Caballero Orduna, D. ; Caffarri, Davide ; Cai, Xiao ; Caines, Helen Louise ; Calvo Villar, Ernesto ; Camerini, Paolo ; Canoa Roman, Veronica ; Cara Romeo, G. ; Carena, Wisla ; Carena, Francesco ; Carlin Filho, N. ; Carminati, F. ; Carrillo Montoya, C. A. ; Casanova Diaz, A. ; Castillo Castellanos, Javier Ernesto ; Castillo Hernández, Juan Francisco ; Casula, E. A.R. ; Catanescu, V. ; Cavicchioli, Costanza ; Ceballos Sanchez, Cesar ; Čepila, Jan ; Cerello, Piergiorgio ; Chang, B. ; Chapeland, Sylvain ; Charvet, Jean-Luc Fernand ; Chattopadhyay, S. ; Chattopadhyay, S. ; Chawla, I. ; Cherney, Michael Gerard ; Cheshkov, Cvetan Valeriev ; Cheynis, Brigitte ; Chibante Barroso, Vasco Miguel ; Chinellato, David Dobrigkeit ; Chochula, Peter ; Chojnacki, Marek ; Choudhury, Subikash ; Christakoglou, Panagiotis ; Christensen, Christian Holm ; Christiansen, Peter L. ; Chujo, Tatsuya ; Chung, Suh-Urk ; Cicalò, Corrado ; Cifarelli, Luisa ; Cindolo, Federico ; Cleymans, Jean Willy Andre ; Coccetti, F. ; Colamaria, Fabio Filippo ; Colella, Domenico ; Conesa Balbastre, Gustavo ; Conesa del Valle, Zaida ; Constantin, P. ; Contin, Giacomo ; Contreras Nuno, Jesus Guillermo ; Cormier, Thomas Michael ; Corrales Morales, Yasser ; Cortese, Pietro ; Cortes Maldonado, Ismael ; Cosentino, Mauro Rogerio ; Costa, Filippo ; Cotallo, M. E. ; Crescio, E. ; Crochet, Philippe ; Cruz Alaniz, E. ; Cuautle Flores, Eleazar ; Cunqueiro Mendez, Leticia ; Dainese, Andrea ; Dalsgaard, Hans Hjersing ; Danu, Andrea ; Das, K. ; Das, Indranil ; Das, Debasish ; Dash, Ajay Kumar ; Dash, Sadhana ; De, Sudipan ; De Barros, G. O.V. ; De Caro, Annalisa ; De Cataldo, Giacinto ; Cuveland, Jan de ; De Falco, Alessandro ; De Gruttola, Daniele ; Delagrange, H. ; Del Castillo Sanchez, E. ; Deloff, Andrzej ; Demanov, V. ; De Marco, Nora ; Denes, Ervin Sandor ; De Pasquale, Salvatore ; Deppman, A. ; Erasmo, G. D. ; De Rooij, R. ; Diaz Corchero, Miguel Angel ; Di Bari, Domenico ; Dietel, Thomas ; Di Giglio, C. ; Di Liberto, S. ; Di Mauro, Antonio ; Di Nezza, Pasquale ; Divià, Roberto ; Djuvsland, Øystein ; Dobrin, Alexandru Florin ; Dobrowolski, Tadeusz Antoni ; Dominguez, I. ; Donigus, Benjamin ; Dordic, Olja ; Driga, O. ; Dubey, Anand Kumar ; Ducroux, Laurent ; Dupieux, Pascal ; Dutta Majumdar, A. K. ; Dutta Majumdar, M. R. ; Elia, Domenico ; Emschermann, D. ; Engel, Heiko ; Erdal, H. A. ; Espagnon, Bruno ; Estienne, Magali Danielle ; Esumi, ShinIchi ; Evans, David ; Eyyubova, Gyulnara ; Fabris, Daniela ; Faivre, Julien ; Falchieri, D. ; Fantoni, Alessandra ; Fasel, Markus ; Fearick, R. ; Fedunov, A. ; Fehlker, D. ; Feldkamp, Linus ; Felea, Daniel ; Fenton-Olsen, B. ; Feofilov, Grigori A. ; Fernández Téllez, Arturo ; Ferretti, Alessandro ; Ferretti, R. ; Figiel, Jan ; Figueredo, M. A.S. ; Filchagin, Sergey ; Finogeev, Dmitry ; Fionda, Fiorella Maria Celeste ; Fiore, Enrichetta Maria ; Floris, Michele ; Förtsch, Siegfried ; Foka, Panagiota ; Fokin, Sergey ; Fragiacomo, Enrico ; Fragkiadakis, M. ; Frankenfeld, Ulrich ; Fuchs, Ulrich ; Furget, Christophe ; Fusco Girard, Mario ; Gaardhøje, Jens Jørgen ; Gagliardi, Martino ; Gago Medina, Alberto Martín ; Gallio, Mauro ; Gangadharan, Dhevan Raja ; Ganoti, Paraskevi ; Garabatos, Chilo ; Garcia-Solis, Edmundo Javier ; Garishvili, I. ; Gerhard, J. ; Germain, Marie ; Geuna, C. ; Gheata, Mihaela ; Gheata, Andrei George ; Ghidini, B. ; Ghosh, Premomoy ; Gianotti, Paola ; Girard, M. R. ; Giubellino, Paolo ; Gładysz-Dziaduś, Ewa ; Glässel, Peter ; Gomez, R. ; Gonzalez Ferreiro, Elena ; González Trueba, Laura Helena ; González Zamora, Pedro ; Gorbunov, Sergey ; Goswami, A. ; Gotovac, Sven ; Grabski, Varlen ; Graczykowski, Łukasz Kamil ; Grajcarek, R. ; Grelli, Alessandro ; Grigoraș, Costin ; Grigoras, Alina Gabriela ; Grigoriev, Vladislav A. ; Grigoryan, Smbat ; Grigoryan, Ara ; Grinyov, Boris V. ; Grion, Nevio ; Gros, P. ; Große-Oetringhaus, Jan Fiete ; Grossiord, Grossiord Jean-Yves ; Grosso, Raffaele ; Guber, Fedor ; Guernane, Rachid ; Guerra Gutierrez, C. ; Guerzoni, Barbara ; Guilbaud, Maxime Rene Joseph ; Gulbrandsen, Kristjan Herlache ; Gunji, Taku ; Gupta, Ramni ; Gupta, Anik ; Gutbrod, H. ; Haaland, Øystein Senneset ; Hadjidakis, Cynthia Marie ; Haiduc, Maria ; Hamagaki, Hideki ; Hamar, Gergö ; Han, B. H. ; Hanratty, Luke David ; Hansen, Alexander ; Harmanova, Z. ; Harris, John W. ; Hartig, M. ; Hasegan, D. ; Hatzifotiadou, Despina ; Hayrapetyan, A. ; Heckel, Stefan Thomas ; Heide, Markus ; Helstrup, Håvard ; Herghelegiu, Andrei Ionut ; Herrera Corral, Gerardo Antonio ; Herrmann, Norbert ; Hetland, Kristin Fanebust ; Hicks, B. ; Hille, P. T. ; Hippolyte, Boris ; Horaguchi, T. ; Hori, Y. ; Hristov, Peter ; Hřivnačova, I. ; Huang, M. ; Humanic, Thomas J. ; Hwang, Dae Sung ; Ichou, R. ; Ilkaev, Radiy ; Ilkiv, Iryna ; Inaba, Motoi ; Incani, E. ; Innocenti, P. G. ; Innocenti, G. M. ; Ippolitov, Mikhail ; Irfan, M. ; Ivan, C. ; Ivanov, V. ; Ivanov, A. ; Ivanov, Marian ; Ivanytskyi, O. ; Jacholkowski, Adam Wlodzimierz ; Jacobs, Peter Martin ; Jancurova, L. ; Jang, Haeng Jin ; Jangal, S. ; Janik, R. ; Janik, Malgorzata Anna ; Yasassri Jayarathna, Pahula Hewage Sandun ; Jena, Satyajit ; Jha, D. M. ; Jiménez Bustamante, Raúl Tonatiuh ; Jirden, L. ; Jones, Peter Graham ; Jung, H. ; Jusko, Anton ; Kaidalov, A. B. ; Kakoyan, V. ; Kalcher, S. ; Kaliňak, Peter ; Kalisky, M. ; Kalliokoski, T. ; Kalweit, Alexander Philipp ; Kanaki, K. ; Kang, Ju Hwan ; Kaplin, Vladimir ; Karasu Uysal, Ayben ; Karavichev, Oleg V. ; Karavicheva, Tatiana L. ; Karpechev, Evgeny ; Kazantsev, Andrey ; Kebschull, Udo ; Keidel, Ralf ; Khan, M. M. ; Khan, Shuaib Ahmad ; Khanzadeev, Alexei ; Kharlov, Yury ; Kileng, Bjarte ; Kim, J. S. ; Kim, D. W. ; Kim, S. H. ; Kim, J. H. ; Kim, M. ; Kim, D. J. ; Kim, B. ; Kim, T. ; Kim, S. ; Kirsch, Stefan ; Kisel, Ivan ; Kiselev, Sergej N. ; Kisiel, Adam Ryszard ; Klay, Jennifer Lynn ; Klein, Jochen ; Klein-Bösing, Christian ; Kliemant, Michael ; Kluge, Alexander ; Knichel, Michael Linus ; Knospe, Anders Garritt ; Koch, K. ; Köhler, Markus Konrad ; Kolojvari, Anatoly ; Kondratiev, Valery P. ; Kondratyeva, Natalia ; Konevskikh, Artem ; Korneev, A. ; Kour, R. ; Kowalski, Marek ; Kox, Serge ; Koyithatta Meethaleveedu, Greeshma ; Kral, Jiří ; Králik, Ivan ; Kramer, F. ; Kraus, Ingrid ; Krawutschke, T. ; Křelina, Michal ; Kretz, Matthias ; Krivda, Marian ; Krizek, Filip ; Krus, M. ; Kryshen, Evgeny ; Krzewicki, Mikolaj ; Kucheriaev, Yury ; Kuhn, Christian Claude ; Kuijer, Paulus Gerardus ; Kurashvili, Podist ; Kurepin, Alexander ; Kurepin, Alexey B. ; Kuryakin, Alexey ; Kushpil, V. ; Kushpil, Svetlana ; Kvaerno, H. ; Kweon, Min Jung ; Kwon, Youngil ; Ladron de Guevara, Pedro ; Lakomov, Igor ; Langoy, Rune ; La Pointe, Sarah Louise ; Lara Martinez, Camilo Ernesto ; Lardeux, Antoine Xavier ; La Rocca, Paola ; Lazzeroni, C. ; Lea, Ramona ; Le Bornec, Y. ; Lechman, M. ; Lee, S. C. ; Lee, K. S. ; Lefevre, F. ; Lehnert, Jörg ; Leistam, L. ; Lenhardt, M. ; Lenti, Vito ; Leon, H. ; Leon Monzon, Ildefonso ; Leon Vargas, H. ; Lévai, Péter ; Lien, Jørgen André ; Lietava, Roman ; Lindal, Svein ; Lindenstruth, Volker ; Lippmann, Christian ; Lisa, Michael A. ; Liu, L. ; Lønne, Per-Ivar ; Loggins, Vera Renee ; Loginov, Vitaly ; Lohn, S. ; Lohner, D. ; Loizides, Constantinos ; Loo, K. K. ; Lopez, Xavier Bernard ; López Torres, Ernesto ; Lovhoiden, G. ; Lu, X. G. ; Lüttig, Philipp ; Lunardon, Marcello ; Luo, J. ; Luparello, Grazia ; Luquin, L. ; Luzzi, C. ; Ma, R. ; Ma, K. ; Madagodahettige-Don, D. M. ; Maevskaya, Alla ; Mager, Magnus ; Mahapatra, Durga Prasad ; Maire, Antonin ; Malaev, Mikhail ; Maldonado Cervantes, Ivonne Alicia ; Malinina, Liudmila ; Mal’Kevich, Dmitry ; Malzacher, Peter ; Mamonov, Alexander ; Manceau, Loic Henri Antoine ; Mangotra, L. ; Manko, Vladislav ; Manso, Franck ; Manzari, Vito ; Mao, Yaxian ; Marchisone, Massimiliano ; Mareš, Jiří ; Margagliotti, Giacomo Vito ; Margotti, Anselmo ; Marin, Ana ; Marin Tobon, C. A. ; Markert, Christina ; Martashvili, Irakli ; Martinengo, Paolo ; Martínez Hernández, Mario Iván ; Martinez Davalos, A. ; Martínez Garcia, Ginés ; Martynov, Yevgen ; Mas, Alexis Jean-Michel ; Masciocchi, Silvia ; Masera, Massimo ; Masoni, Alberto ; Massacrier, Laure Marie ; Mastromarco, Mario ; Mastroserio, Annalisa ; Matthews, Z. L. ; Matyja, Adam Tomasz ; Mayani, D. ; Mayer, Christoph ; Mazer, Joel Anthony ; Mazzoni, Alessandra Maria ; Meddi, Franco ; Menchaca-Rocha, Arturo Alejandro ; Mercado Pérez, Jorge ; Meres, Michal ; Miake, Yasuo ; Milano, Leonardo ; Milošević, Jovan ; Mischke, André ; Mishra, Aditya Nath ; Miśkowiec, Dariusz Czesław ; Mitu, C. ; Mlynarz, J. ; Mohanty, A. K. ; Mohanty, Bedangadas ; Molnar, Levente ; Montaño Zetina, Luis Manuel ; Monteno, M. ; Montes Prado, Esther ; Moon, T. ; Morando, Maurizio ; Godoy, Denise Aparecida Moreira de ; Moretto, Sandra ; Morsch, Andreas ; Muccifora, Valeria ; Mudnic, Eugen ; Muhuri, Sanjib ; Mukherjee, Maitreyee ; Muller, H. ; Munhoz, Marcelo Gameiro ; Musa, Luciano ; Musso, A. ; Nandi, Basanta Kumar ; Nania, Rosario ; Nappi, Eugenio ; Nattrass, Christine ; Naumov, N. P. ; Navin, S. ; Nayak, Tapan Kumar ; Nazarenko, Sergey ; Nazarov, G. ; Nedosekin, Alexander ; Nicassio, Maria ; Nielsen, Borge Svane ; Niida, Takafumi ; Nikolaev, Sergey ; Nikolic, V. ; Nikulin, Vladimir ; Nikulin, Sergey ; Nilsen, B. S. ; Nilsson, M. S. ; Noferini, Francesco ; Nomokonov, Petr V. ; Nooren, Gerardus ; Novitzky, Norbert ; Nyanin, Alexander ; Nyatha, A. ; Nygaard, C. ; Nystrand, Joakim Ingemar ; Ochirov, A. ; Oeschler, Helmut ; Oh, Saehanseul ; Oh, Sun Kun ; Oleniacz, Janusz ; Oppedisano, Chiara ; Ortiz Velasquez, Antonio ; Ortona, G. ; Oskarsson, Anders Nils Erik ; Ostrowski, P. ; Otwinowski, Jacek Tomasz ; Oyama, Ken ; Ozawa, K. ; Pachmayer, Yvonne C. ; Pachr, Miloš ; Padilla, F. ; Pagano, Paola ; Paić, Guy ; Painke, F. ; Pajares Vales, Carlos ; Pal, Susanta Kumar ; Pal, S. ; Palaha, A. ; Palmeri, A. ; Papikyan, Vardanush ; Pappalardo, Giuseppe Salvatore ; Park, WooJin ; Passfeld, Annika ; Pastirčak, B. ; Patalakha, D. I. ; Paticchio, Vincenzo ; Pavlinov, A. ; Pawlak, Tomasz Jan ; Peitzmann, Thomas ; Pereira da Costa, Hugo Denis Antonio ; De Oliveira Filho, E. Pereira ; Peresunko, Dmitry Yurevich ; Pérez Lara, Carlos Eugenio ; Pérez Lezama, Edgar ; Perini, D. ; Perrino, D. ; Peryt, Wiktor Stanislaw ; Pesci, A. ; Peskov, Vladimir ; Pestov, Yury N. ; Petráček, Vojtech ; Petran, M. ; Petris, M. ; Petrov, P. ; Petrovici, Mihai A. ; Petta, Catia ; Piano, Stefano ; Piccotti, A. ; Pikna, Miroslav ; Pillot, Philippe ; Pinazza, Ombretta ; Pinsky, Lawrence ; Pitz, N. ; Piyarathna, Danthasinghe B. ; Płoskoń, Mateusz ; Pluta, Jan Marian ; Pocheptsov, T. ; Pochybova, Sona ; Podesta Lerma, P. L.M. ; Poghosyan, Martin G. ; Polak, K. ; Polichtchouk, Boris ; Pop, Amalia ; Porteboeuf-Houssais, Sarah Julie ; Pospišil, V. ; Potukuchi, B. ; Prasad, Sidharth Kumar ; Preghenella, Roberto ; Prino, Francesco ; Pruneau, Claude A. ; Pshenichnov, Igor A. ; Puchagin, S. ; Puddu, Giovanna ; Pujol Teixido, J. ; Pulvirenti, A. ; Punin, Valery ; Putiš, M. ; Putschke, Jörn H. ; Quercigh, E. ; Qvigstad, Henrik ; Rachevski, Alexandre ; Rademakers, A. ; Radomski, S. ; Raiha, T. S. ; Rak, Jan ; Rakotozafindrabe, Andry Malala ; Ramello, Luciano ; Ramirez Reyes, A. ; Raniwala, Rashmi ; Raniwala, Sudhir ; Räsänen, Sami Sakari ; Rascanu, Bogdan Theodor ; Rathee, Deepika ; Read, Kenneth Francis ; Real, Jean-Sébastien ; Redlich, Krzysztof ; Reichelt, Patrick ; Reicher, Martijn ; Renfordt, Rainer Arno Ernst ; Reolon, Anna Rita ; Reshetin, Andrey ; Rettig, Felix Vincenz ; Revol, J. P. ; Reygers, Klaus ; Riccati, L. ; Ricci, Renato Angelo ; Richert, Tuva Ora Herenui ; Richter, Matthias ; Riedler, Petra ; Riegler, Werner ; Riggi, Francesco ; Rabacal, B. Rodrigues Fernandes ; Cahuantzi, M. Rodriguez ; Manso, A. Rodriguez ; Røed, Ketil ; Rohr, David ; Röhrich, Dieter ; Romita, Rosa ; Ronchetti, Federico ; Rosnet, Philippe ; Rossegger, S. ; Rossi, Andrea ; Roukoutakis, Filimon ; Roy, Pradip Kumar ; Roy, Christelle Sophie ; Rubio Montero, Antonio Juan ; Rui, Rinaldo ; Ryabinkin, Evgeny ; Rybicki, Andrzej ; Sadovskiy, Sergey ; Šafařík, Karel ; Sahoo, Raghunath ; Sahu, Pradip Kumar ; Saini, Jogender ; Sakaguchi, H. ; Sakai, Shingo ; Sakata, D. ; Salgado, Carlos A. ; Salzwedel, Jai ; Sambyal, Sanjeev Singh ; Samsonov, Vladimir ; Sanchez Castro, Xitzel ; Šándor, Ladislav ; Sandoval, Andres ; Sano, S. ; Sano, Masato ; Santo, R. ; Santoro, R. ; Sarkamo, J. ; Scapparone, Eugenio ; Scarlassara, Fernando ; Scharenberg, Rolf Paul ; Schiaua, Claudiu Cornel ; Schicker, Rainer ; Schmidt, Christian Joachim ; Schmidt, Hans Rudolf ; Schreiner, S. ; Schuchmann, Simone ; Schukraft, Jürgen ; Schutz, Yves Roland ; Schwarz, Kilian ; Schweda, Kai ; Scioli, Gilda ; Scomparin, Enrico ; Scott, Rebecca Michelle ; Scott, P. A. ; Segato, G. ; Selyuzhenkov, Ilya ; Senyukov, Serhiy ; Seo, Jeewon ; Serci, S. ; Serradilla, Eulogio ; Sevcenco, Adrian ; Sgura, I. ; Shabetai, Alexandre ; Shabratova, G. ; Shahoyan, Ruben ; Sharma, Natasha ; Sharma, S. ; Shigaki, Kenta ; Shimomura, Maya ; Shtejer, Katherin ; Sibiriak, Yury ; Siciliano, M. ; Sicking, E. ; Siddhanta, Sabyasachi ; Siemiarczuk, Teodor ; Silvermyr, David Olle Rickard ; Silvestre, Catherine Micaela ; Simonetti, Giuseppe ; Singaraju, Rama Narayana ; Singh, R. ; Singha, Subhash ; Sinha, Bikash ; Sarkar-Sinha, Tinku ; Sitar, Branislav ; Sitta, Mario ; Skaali, Toralf Bernhard ; Skjerdal, K. ; Smakal, R. ; Smirnov, Nikolai ; Snellings, Raimond ; Sogaard, C. ; Soltz, Ron ; Son, H. ; Song, M. ; Song, J. ; Soos, C. ; Soramel, Francesca ; Sputowska, Iwona Anna ; Spyropoulou-Stassinaki, Martha ; Srivastava, Brijesh Kumar ; Stachel, Johanna ; Stan, Ionel ; Stan, Ionel ; Stefanek, Grzegorz ; Steinbeck, T. ; Steinpreis, M. ; Stenlund, Evert Anders ; Steyn, Gideon Francois ; Stiller, Johannes Hendrik ; Stocco, Diego ; Stolpovskiy, M. ; Strabykin, K. ; Strmen, Peter ; Suaide, Alexandre Alarcon do Passo ; Subieta Vasquez, Martin Alfonso ; Sugitate, Toru ; Suire, Christophe Pierre ; Sukhorukov, M. ; Sultanov, Rishat ; Šumbera, Michal ; Šuša, Tatjana ; De Toledo, A. Szanto ; Szarka, Imrich ; Szostak, A. ; Tagridis, C. ; Takahashi, Jun ; Tapia Takaki, Jesus Daniel ; Tauro, Arturo ; Tejeda Muñoz, Guillermo ; Telesca, Adriana ; Terrevoli, Cristina ; Thäder, Jochen ; Thomas, Deepa ; Tieulent, Raphael Noel ; Timmins, Anthony Robert ; Tlusty, David ; Toia, Alberica ; Torii, H. ; Toscano, L. ; Truesdale, David Christopher ; Trzaska, Wladyslaw Henryk ; Tsuji, Tomoya ; Tumkin, Alexandr ; Turrisi, Rosario ; Tveter, Trine Spedstad ; Ulery, Jason Glyndwr ; Ullaland, Kjetil ; Ulrich, Jiri ; Uras, Antonio ; Urban, J. ; Urciuoli, G. M. ; Usai, Gianluca ; Vajzer, Michal ; Vala, Martin ; Valencia Palomo, Lizardo ; Vallero, Sara ; Kolk, Naomi van der ; Vyvre, Pierre vande ; Leeuwen, Marco van ; Vannucci, L. ; Vargas Treviño, Maria Aurora Diozcora ; Varma, Raghava ; Vasileiou, Maria ; Vasiliev, Andrey ; Vechernin, Vladimir ; Veldhoen, Misha ; Venaruzzo, Massimo ; Vercellin, Ermanno ; Vergara, S. ; Vernet, Renaud ; Verweij, Marta ; Vicković, Linda ; Viesti, Giuseppe ; Vikhlyantsev, O. ; Vilakazi, Zabulon ; Villalobos Baillie, Orlando ; Vinogradov, Alexander ; Vinogradov, Leonid ; Vinogradov, Yury I. ; Virgili, Tiziano ; Viyogi, Yogendra P. ; Vodopyanov, Alexander ; Voloshin, Sergei ; Voloshin, Kirill ; Volpe, Giacomo ; Haller, Barthélémy von ; Vranić, Danilo ; Ovrebekk, G. ; Vrláková, Janka ; Vulpescu, Bogdan ; Vyushin, Alexey ; Wagner, Boris ; Wagner, V. ; Wan, R. ; Wang, Y. ; Wang, D. ; Wang, Y. ; Wang, M. ; Watanabe, K. ; Wessels, Johannes P. ; Westerhoff, Uwe ; Wiechula, Jens ; Wikne, Jon ; Wilde, Martin ; Wilk, Grzegorz Andrzej ; Wilk, A. ; Williams, M. C.S. ; Windelband, Bernd ; Karampatsos, L. Xaplanteris ; Yaldo, Chris G. ; Yang, H. ; Yang, S. ; Yasnopolskiy, S. ; Yi, J. ; Yin, Zhongbao ; Yoo, In-Kwon ; Yoon, J. ; Yu, W. ; Yuan, X. ; Yushmanov, Igor E. ; Zach, C. ; Zampolli, Chiara ; Zaporozhets, Sergey ; Zarochentsev, Andrey ; Závada, Petr ; Zaviyalov, Nikolaj ; Zbroszczyk, Hanna Paulina ; Zelnicek, P. ; Zgura, Ion-Sorin ; Zhalov, Mikhail ; Zhang, H. ; Zhang, X. ; Zhou, Daicui ; Zhou, F. ; Zhou, Y. ; Zhu, X. ; Zhu, J. ; Zhu, J. ; Zichichi, Antonino ; Zimmermann, Alice ; Zinovjev, Gennady M. ; Zoccarato, Y. ; Zynovyev, M.
The ALICE Zero Degree Calorimeter system (ZDC) is composed of two identical sets of calorimeters, placed at opposite sides with respect to the interaction point, 114 meters away from it, complemented by two small forward electromagnetic calorimeters (ZEM). Each set of detectors consists of a neutron (ZN) and a proton (ZP) ZDC. They are placed at zero degrees with respect to the LHC axis and allow to detect particles emitted close to beam direction, in particular neutrons and protons emerging from hadronic heavy-ion collisions (spectator nucleons) and those emitted from electromagnetic processes. For neutrons emitted by these two processes, the ZN calorimeters have nearly 100% acceptance.
During the √sNN = 2.76 TeV Pb-Pb data-taking, the ALICE Collaboration studied forward neutron emission with a dedicated trigger, requiring a minimum energy deposition in at least one of the two ZN. By exploiting also the information of the two ZEM calorimeters it has been possible to separate the contributions of electromagnetic and hadronic processes and to study single neutron vs. multiple neutron emission.
The measured cross sections of single and mutual electromagnetic dissociation of Pb nuclei at √sNN = 2.76 TeV, with neutron emission, are σsingle EMD = 187:4 ± 0.2 (stat.)−11.2+13.2 (syst.) b and σmutual EMD = 5.7 ± 0.1 (stat.) ±0.4 (syst.) b, respectively [1]. This is the first measurement of electromagnetic dissociation of 208Pb nuclei at the LHC energies, allowing a test of electromagnetic dissociation theory in a new energy regime. The experimental results are compared to the predictions from a relativistic electromagnetic dissociation model.
Blume, Christoph ; Afanasiev, Sergey V. ; Antičić, Tome ; Baatar, B. ; Barna, Daniel ; Bartke, Jerzy ; Barton, Robert Allan ; Behler, Matthias ; Betev, Latchezar ; Białkowska, Helena ; Billmeier, Anja ; Blyth, Charles O. ; Boimska, Bożena ; Botje, Michiel ; Bracinik, Juraj ; Bramm, Roland ; Brun, René ; Bunčić, Predrag ; Černý, Vladimír ; Chvala, Ondrej ; Cramer, John G. ; Csató, Péter ; Dinkelaker, Peter ; Eckardt, Volker ; Filip, Peter ; Fischer, Hans Gerhard ; Fodor, Zoltán ; Foka, Panagiota ; Freund, Peter ; Friese, Volker ; Gál, József ; Gaździcki, Marek ; Georgopoulos, George ; Gładysz, Ewa ; Hegyi, Sándor ; Höhne, Claudia ; Igo, George J. ; Jones, Peter Graham ; Kadija, Krešo ; Kolesnikov, Vadim I. ; Kollegger, Thorsten ; Kowalski, Marek ; Kraus, Ingrid ; Kreps, Michal ; Leeuwen, Marco van ; Lednický, Richard ; Lévai, Péter ; Malakhov, Aleksandr I. ; Margetis, Spyridon ; Markert, Christina ; Mayes, Bill W. ; Melkumov, Georgy L. ; Meurer, Christine ; Mischke, André ; Mitrovski, Michael Kosta ; Molnár, József ; Nelson, John M. ; Pálla, Gabriella ; Panagiotou, Apostolos D. ; Perl, Katarzyna ; Petridis, Athanasios ; Pikna, Miroslav ; Pinsky, Lawrence ; Pühlhofer, Falk ; Reid, Jeffrey G. ; Renfordt, Rainer Arno Ernst ; Retyk, Waldemar ; Roland, Christof ; Roland, Gunther ; Rybicki, Andrzej ; Sammer, Thomas ; Sandoval, Andres ; Sann, Hans ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Seyboth, Peter ; Siklér, Ferenc ; Sitar, Branislav ; Skrzypczak, Ewa ; Smolik, Jan ; Squier, Gordon Thomas Anderson ; Stock, Reinhard ; Ströbele, Herbert ; Šuša, Tatjana ; Szentpétery, Imre ; Sziklai, János ; Trainor, Thomas A. ; Varga, Dezsö ; Vassiliou, Maria ; Veres, Gábor I. ; Vesztergombi, György ; Vranić, Danilo ; Wenig, Siegfried ; Wetzler, Alexander Albert ; Whitten, Charles A. ; Yoo, In-Kwon ; Zaranek, Jacek ; Zimányi, József
The large acceptance and high momentum resolution as well as the significant particle identification capabilities of the NA49 experiment at the CERN SPS allow for a broad study of fluctuations and correlations in hadronic interactions. In the first part recent results on event-by-event charge and p_t fluctuations are presented. Charge fluctuations in central Pb+Pb reactions are investigated at three different beam energies (40, 80, and 158 AGeV), while for the p_t fluctuations the focus is put on the system size dependence at 158 AGeV. In the second part recent results on Bose Einstein correlations of h-h- pairs in minimum bias Pb+Pb reactions at 40 and 158 AGeV, as well as of K+K+ and K-K- pairs in central Pb+Pb collisions at 158 AGeV are shown. Additionally, other types of two particle correlations, namely pi p, Lambda p, and Lambda Lambda correlations, have been measured by the NA49 experiment. Finally, results on the energy and system size dependence of deuteron coalescence are discussed.
Preface
(2012)
Appelshäuser, Harald ; Bächler, Joachim ; Bailey, Stephen John ; Barnby, Lee Stuart ; Bartke, Jerzy ; Barton, Robert Allan ; Białkowska, Helena ; Blyth, Charles O. ; Bock, Rudolf ; Bormann, Christian ; Brady, Franklin Paul ; Brockmann, Robert ; Buncic, Nenad ; Bunčić, Predrag ; Caines, Helen Louise ; Cebra, Daniel A. ; Cooper, Glenn E. ; Cramer, John G. ; Csató, Péter ; Dunn, Jason ; Eckardt, Volker ; Eckhardt, Frank ; Ferguson, M. I. ; Fischer, Hans Gerhard ; Flierl, Dominik Bernhard ; Fodor, Zoltán ; Foka, Panagiota ; Freund, Peter ; Friese, Volker ; Fuchs, Matthias ; Gabler, Frank ; Gál, József ; Gaździcki, Marek ; Gładysz-Dziaduś, Ewa ; Grebieszkow, Jaroslaw ; Günther, Jörg ; Harris, John W. ; Hegyi, Sándor ; Henkel, Torsten ; Hill, L. A. ; Huang, Isaac ; Hümmler, Holm Gero ; Igo, George J. ; Irmscher, Detlef ; Jacobs, Peter Martin ; Jones, Peter Graham ; Kadija, Krešo ; Kolesnikov, Vadim I. ; Kowalski, Marek ; Lasiuk, Brian ; Lévai, Péter ; Malakhov, Aleksandr I. ; Margetis, Spyridon ; Markert, Christina ; Melkumov, Georgy L. ; Mock, Andreas ; Molnár, József ; Nelson, John M. ; Odyniec, Grazyna Janina ; Pálla, Gabriella ; Panagiotou, Apostolos D. ; Petridis, Athanasios ; Piper, Andreas ; Porter, R. Jefferson ; Poskanzer, Arthur M. ; Poziombka, Stefan ; Prindle, Duncan J. ; Pühlhofer, Falk ; Rauch, Wolfgang Hans ; Reid, Jeffrey G. ; Renfordt, Rainer Arno Ernst ; Retyk, Waldemar ; Ritter, Hans Georg ; Röhrich, Dieter ; Roland, Christof ; Roland, Gunther ; Rudolph, Heinrich ; Rybicki, Andrzej ; Sandoval, Andres ; Sann, Hans ; Semenov, Alexei Yu. ; Schäfer, Erich ; Schmischke, Dirk ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Schönfelder, Stefan ; Seyboth, Peter ; Seyerlein, Jürgen ; Siklér, Ferenc ; Skrzypczak, Ewa ; Squier, Gordon Thomas Anderson ; Stock, Reinhard ; Ströbele, Herbert ; Szentpétery, Imre ; Sziklay, János ; Toy, Milton Y. ; Trainor, Thomas A. ; Trentalage, Stephen ; Ullrich, Thomas ; Vassiliou, Maria ; Vesztergombi, György ; Voloshin, Sergei ; Vranić, Danilo ; Wang, F. ; Weerasundara, Dhammika D. ; Wenig, Siegfried ; Whitten, Charles A. ; Wienold, Thomas ; Wood, Lindsay ; Yates, Tim A. ; Zimányi, József ; Zybert, Ryszard
The directed and elliptic flow of protons and charged pions has been observed from the semi-central collisions of a 158 GeV/nucleon Pb beam with a Pb target. The rapidity and transverse momentum dependence of the flow has been measured. The directed flow of the pions is opposite to that of the protons but both exhibit negative flow at low pt. The elliptic flow of both is fairly independent of rapidity but rises with pt. PACS numbers: 25.75.-q, 25.75.Ld
Appelshäuser, Harald ; Bächler, Joachim ; Bailey, Stephen John ; Barnby, Lee Stuart ; Bartke, Jerzy ; Barton, Robert Allan ; Białkowska, Helena ; Billmeier, Anja ; Blyth, Charles O. ; Bock, Rudolf ; Bormann, Christian ; Brady, Franklin Paul ; Brockmann, Robert ; Brun, René ; Bunčić, Predrag ; Caines, Helen Louise ; Cebra, Daniel A. ; Cooper, Glenn E. ; Cramer, John G. ; Csato, Peter ; Dunn, Jason ; Eckardt, Volker ; Eckhardt, Frank ; Ferguson, M. I. ; Fischer, Hans Gerhard ; Flierl, Dominik Bernhard ; Fodor, Zoltan ; Foka, Panagiota ; Freund, Peter ; Friese, Volker ; Fuchs, Matthias ; Gabler, Frank ; Gal, Jozsef ; Gaździcki, Marek ; Gładysz-Dziaduś, Ewa ; Grebieszkow, Jaroslaw ; Günther, Jörg ; Harris, John W. ; Hegyi, Sandor ; Henkel, Torsten ; Hill, L. A. ; Huang, Isaac ; Hümmler, Holm Gero ; Igo, George J. ; Irmscher, Detlef ; Jacobs, Peter Martin ; Jones, Peter Graham ; Kadija, Krešo ; Kolesnikov, Vadim I. ; Kowalski, Marek ; Lasiuk, Brian ; Lévai, Peter ; Malakhov, Aleksandr I. ; Margetis, Spyridon ; Markert, Christina ; Melkumov, Georgy L. ; Mock, Andreas ; Molnár, József ; Nelson, John M. ; Oldenburg, Markus D. ; Odyniec, Grazyna Janina ; Palla, Gabriella ; Panagiotou, Apostolos D. ; Petridis, Athanasios ; Piper, Andreas ; Porter, R. Jefferson ; Poskanzer, Arthur M. ; Poziombka, Stefan ; Prindle, Duncan J. ; Pühlhofer, Falk ; Rauch, Wolfgang Hans ; Reid, Jeffrey G. ; Renfordt, Rainer Arno Ernst ; Retyk, Waldemar ; Ritter, Hans Georg ; Röhrich, Dieter ; Roland, Christof ; Roland, Gunther ; Rudolph, Heinrich ; Rybicki, Andrzej ; Sandoval, Andres ; Sann, Hans ; Semenov, Alexei Yu. ; Schäfer, Erich ; Schmischke, Dirk ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Schönfelder, Stefan ; Seyboth, Peter ; Seyerlein, Jürgen ; Sikler, Ferenc ; Skrzypczak, Ewa ; Squier, Gordon Thomas Anderson ; Stock, Reinhard ; Ströbele, Herbert ; Szentpetery, Imre ; Sziklay, Janos ; Toy, Milton Y. ; Trainor, Thomas A. ; Trentalage, Stephen ; Ullrich, Thomas ; Vassiliou, Maria ; Vesztergombi, György ; Voloshin, Sergei ; Vranić, Danilo ; Wang, Feipeng ; Weerasundara, Dhammika D. ; Wenig, Siegfried ; Whitten, Charles A. ; Wienold, Thomas ; Wood, Lindsay ; Yates, Tim A. ; Xu, Nu ; Zimanyi, Jozsef ; Zhu, Xue-Zhou ; Zybert, Ryszard
Two-particle correlation functions of negative hadrons over wide phase space, and transverse mass spectra of negative hadrons and deuterons near mid-rapidity have been measured in central Pb+Pb collisions at 158 GeV per nucleon by the NA49 experiment at the CERN SPS. A novel Coulomb correction procedure for the negative two-particle correlations is employed making use of the measured oppositely charged particle correlation. Within an expanding source scenario these results are used to extract the dynamic characteristics of the hadronic source, resolving the ambiguities between the temperature and transverse expansion velocity of the source, that are unavoidable when single and two particle spectra are analysed separately. The source shape, the total duration of the source expansion, the duration of particle emission, the freeze-out temperature and the longitudinal and transverse expansion velocities are deduced.
Appelshäuser, Harald ; Bächler, Joachim ; Bailey, Stephen John ; Barna, Daniel ; Barnby, Lee Stuart ; Bartke, Jerzy ; Barton, Robert Allan ; Białkowska, Helena ; Billmeier, Anja ; Blyth, Charles O. ; Bock, Rudolf ; Bormann, Christian ; Brady, Franklin Paul ; Brockmann, Robert ; Brun, René ; Bunčić, Predrag ; Caines, Helen Louise ; Carr, Lincoln D. ; Cebra, Daniel A. ; Cooper, Glenn E. ; Cramer, John G. ; Cristinziani, Markus ; Csató, Péter ; Dunn, Jason ; Eckardt, Volker ; Eckhardt, Frank ; Ferguson, M. I. ; Fischer, Hans Gerhard ; Flierl, Dominik Bernhard ; Fodor, Zoltán ; Foka, Panagiota ; Freund, Peter ; Friese, Volker ; Fuchs, Matthias ; Gabler, Frank ; Ganz, Rudolf ; Geist, W. ; Gál, József ; Gaździcki, Marek ; Gładysz-Dziaduś, Ewa ; Grebieszkow, Jaroslaw ; Günther, Jörg ; Harris, John William ; Hegyi, Sándor ; Henkel, Torsten ; Hill, L. A. ; Hümmler, Holm Gero ; Igo, George J. ; Irmscher, Detlef ; Jacobs, Peter Martin ; Jones, Peter Graham ; Kadija, Krešo ; Kolesnikov, Vadim I. ; Konashenok, Anton ; Kowalski, Marek ; Lasiuk, Brian ; Lévai, Péter ; Liu, F. ; Malakhov, Aleksandr I. ; Margetis, Spyridon ; Markert, Christina ; Melkumov, Georgy L. ; Mock, Andreas ; Molnár, József ; Nelson, J. M. ; Oldenburg, Markus D. ; Odyniec, Grazyna Janina ; Pálla, Gabriella ; Panagiotou, Apostolos D. ; Petridis, Athanasios ; Piper, Andreas ; Porter, R. Jefferson ; Poskanzer, Arthur M. ; Prindle, Duncan J. ; Pühlhofer, Falk ; Rauch, Wolfgang Hans ; Reid, Jeffrey G. ; Renfordt, Rainer Arno Ernst ; Retyk, Waldemar ; Ritter, Hans Georg ; Röhrich, Dieter ; Roland, Christof ; Roland, Gunther ; Rudolph, Heinrich ; Rybicki, Andrzej ; Sandoval, Andres ; Sann, Hans ; Semenov, Alexei Yu. ; Schäfer, Erich ; Schmischke, Dirk ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Schönfelder, Stefan ; Seyboth, Peter ; Seyerlein, Jürgen ; Siklér, Ferenc ; Skrzypczak, Ewa ; Snellings, Raimond ; Squier, Gordon Thomas Anderson ; Stock, Reinhard ; Ströbele, Herbert ; Struck, Christof ; Šuša, Tatjana ; Szentpétery, Imre ; Sziklai, János ; Toy, Milton Y. ; Trainor, Thomas A. ; Trentalange, Stephen ; Ullrich, Thomas ; Vassiliou, Maria ; Veres, Gábor I. ; Vesztergombi, György ; Vranić, Danilo ; Wang, Feipeng ; Weerasundara, Dhammika D. ; Wenig, Siegfried ; Whitten, Charles A. ; Wienold, Thomas ; Wood, Lindsay ; Xu, Nu ; Yates, Tim A. ; Zimányi, József ; Zhu, Xue-Zhou ; Zybert, Ryszard
We report measurements of Xi and Xi-bar hyperon absolute yields as a function of rapidity in 158 GeV/c Pb+Pb collisions. At midrapidity, dN/dy = 2.29 +/- 0.12 for Xi, and 0.52 +/- 0.05 for Xi-bar, leading to the ratio of Xi-bar/Xi = 0.23 +/- 0.03. Inverse slope parameters fitted to the measured transverse mass spectra are of the order of 300 MeV near mid-rapidity. The estimated total yield of Xi particles in Pb+Pb central interactions amounts to 7.4 +/- 1.0 per collision. Comparison to Xi production in properly scaled p+p reactions at the same energy reveals a dramatic enhancement (about one order of magnitude) of Xi production in Pb+Pb central collisions over elementary hadron interactions.
Antičić, Tome ; Baatar, B. ; Barna, Daniel ; Bartke, Jerzy ; Behler, Matthias ; Betev, Latchezar ; Białkowska, Helena ; Billmeier, Anja ; Blume, Christoph ; Boimska, Bożena ; Botje, Michiel ; Bracinik, Juraj ; Bramm, Roland ; Brun, René ; Bunčić, Predrag ; Cerny, Vladimír ; Christakoglou, Panagiotis ; Chvala, Ondrej ; Cramer, John G. ; Csató, Péter ; Darmenov, Nikolay ; Dimitrov, Anton ; Dinkelaker, Peter ; Eckardt, Volker ; Filip, Peter ; Flierl, Dominik Bernhard ; Fodor, Zoltán ; Foka, Panagiota ; Freund, Peter ; Friese, Volker ; Gál, József ; Gaździcki, Marek ; Georgopoulos, George ; Gładysz-Dziaduś, Ewa ; Hegyi, Sándor ; Höhne, Claudia ; Kadija, Krešo ; Karev, Alexandre ; Kolesnikov, Vadim I. ; Kollegger, Thorsten ; Kornas, Ewelina ; Korus, Robert ; Kowalski, Marek ; Kraus, Ingrid ; Kreps, Michal ; Leeuwen, Marco van ; Lévai, Péter ; Litov, Leandr ; Makariev, Martin Vasilev ; Malakhov, Aleksandr I. ; Markert, Christina ; Mateev, Matej D. ; Mayes, Bill W. ; Melkumov, Georgy L. ; Meurer, Christine ; Mischke, André ; Mitrovski, Michael Kosta ; Molnár, József ; Mrówczyński, Stanislaw ; Pálla, Gabriella ; Panagiotou, Apostolos D. ; Panayotov, Dobromir ; Perl, Katarzyna ; Petridis, Athanasios ; Pikna, Miroslav ; Pinsky, Lawrence ; Pühlhofer, Falk ; Reid, Jeffrey G. ; Renfordt, Rainer Arno Ernst ; Retyk, Waldemar ; Roland, Christof ; Roland, Gunther ; Rybczyński, Maciej ; Rybicki, Andrzej ; Sandoval, Andres ; Sann, Hans ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Seyboth, Peter ; Siklér, Ferenc ; Sitar, Branislav ; Skrzypczak, Ewa ; Stefanek, Grzegorz ; Stock, Reinhard ; Ströbele, Herbert ; Šuša, Tatjana ; Szentpétery, Imre ; Sziklai, János ; Trainor, Thomas A. ; Varga, Dezsö ; Vassiliou, Maria ; Veres, Gábor I. ; Vesztergombi, György ; Vranić, Danilo ; Wetzler, Alexander Albert ; Włodarczyk, Zbigniew ; Yoo, In-Kwon ; Zaranek, Jacek ; Zimányi, József
Production of Lambda and Antilambda hyperons was measured in central Pb-Pb collisions at 40, 80, and 158 A GeV beam energy on a fixed target. Transverse mass spectra and rapidity distributions are given for all three energies. The Lambda/pi ratio at mid-rapidity and in full phase space shows a pronounced maximum between the highest AGS and 40 A GeV SPS energies, whereas the anti-Lambda}/pi ratio exhibits a monotonic increase. PACS numbers: 25.75.-q
Antičić, Tome ; Baatar, B. ; Barna, Daniel ; Bartke, Jerzy ; Behler, Matthias ; Betev, Latchezar ; Białkowska, Helena ; Billmeier, Anja ; Blume, Christoph ; Boimska, Bożena ; Botje, Michiel ; Bracinik, Juraj ; Bramm, Roland ; Brun, René ; Bunčić, Predrag ; Cerny, Vladimír ; Christakoglou, Panagiotis ; Chvala, Ondrej ; Cramer, John G. ; Csató, Péter ; Darmenov, Nikolay ; Dimitrov, Anton ; Dinkelaker, Peter ; Eckardt, Volker ; Filip, Peter ; Flierl, Dominik Bernhard ; Fodor, Zoltán ; Foka, Panagiota ; Freund, Peter ; Friese, Volker ; Gál, József ; Gaździcki, Marek ; Georgopoulos, George ; Gładysz-Dziaduś, Ewa ; Grebieszkow, Katarzyna ; Hegyi, Sándor ; Höhne, Claudia ; Kadija, Krešo ; Karev, Alexandre ; Kolesnikov, Vadim I. ; Kollegger, Thorsten ; Korus, Robert ; Kowalski, Marek ; Kraus, Ingrid ; Kreps, Michal ; Leeuwen, Marco van ; Lévai, Péter ; Litov, Leandr ; Makariev, Martin Vasilev ; Malakhov, Aleksandr I. ; Markert, Christina ; Mateev, Matej D. ; Mayes, Bill W. ; Melkumov, Georgy L. ; Meurer, Christine ; Mischke, André ; Mitrovski, Michael Kosta ; Molnár, József ; Mrówczyński, Stanislaw ; Pálla, Gabriella ; Panagiotou, Apostolos D. ; Panayotov, Dobromir ; Petridis, Athanasios ; Pikna, Miroslav ; Pinsky, Lawrence ; Pühlhofer, Falk ; Reid, Jeffrey G. ; Renfordt, Rainer Arno Ernst ; Retyk, Waldemar ; Roland, Christof ; Roland, Gunther ; Rybczyński, Maciej ; Rybicki, Andrzej ; Sandoval, Andres ; Sann, Hans ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Seyboth, Peter ; Siklér, Ferenc ; Sitar, Branislav ; Skrzypczak, Ewa ; Stefanek, Grzegorz ; Stock, Reinhard ; Ströbele, Herbert ; Šuša, Tatjana ; Szentpétery, Imre ; Sziklai, János ; Trainor, Thomas A. ; Varga, Dezsö ; Vassiliou, Maria ; Veres, Gábor I. ; Vesztergombi, György ; Vranić, Danilo ; Wetzler, Alexander Albert ; Włodarczyk, Zbigniew ; Yoo, In-Kwon ; Zaranek, Jacek ; Zimányi, József
Results are presented on event-by-event fluctuations in transverse momentum of charged particles, produced at forward rapidities in p+p, C+C, Si+Si and Pb+Pb collisions at 158 AGeV. Three different characteristics are discussed: the average transverse momentum of the event, the Phi_pT fluctuation measure and two-particle transverse momentum correlations. In the kinematic region explored, the dynamical fluctuations are found to be small. However, a significant system size dependence of Phi_pT is observed, with the largest value measured in peripheral Pb+Pb interactions. The data are compared with predictions of several models. PACS numbers: 14.20.Jn, 13.75.Cs, 12.39.-x
Antičić, Tome ; Baatar, B. ; Barna, Daniel ; Bartke, Jerzy ; Behler, Matthias ; Betev, Latchezar ; Białkowska, Helena ; Billimeier, Anja ; Blume, Christoph ; Boimska, Bożena ; Botje, Michiel ; Bracinik, Juraj ; Bramm, Roland ; Brun, René ; Bunčić, Predrag ; Černý, Vladimír ; Christakoglou, Panagiotis ; Chvala, Ondrej ; Cooper, Glenn E. ; Cramer, John G. ; Csató, Péter ; Dinkelaker, Peter ; Eckardt, Volker ; Filip, Peter ; Fischer, Hans Gerhard ; Fodor, Zoltán ; Foka, Panagiota ; Freund, Peter ; Friese, Volker ; Gál, József ; Gaździcki, Marek ; Georgopoulos, George ; Gładysz-Dziaduś, Ewa ; Hegyi, Sándor ; Höhne, Claudia ; Jacobs, Peter Martin ; Kadija, Krešo ; Karev, Alexandre ; Kolesnikov, Vadim I. ; Kollegger, Thorsten ; Korus, Robert ; Kowalski, Marek ; Kraus, Ingrid ; Kreps, Michal ; Leeuwen, Marco van ; Lévai, Péter ; Malakhov, Aleksandr I. ; Markert, Christina ; Mayes, Bill W. ; Melkumov, Georgy L. ; Meurer, Christine ; Mischke, André ; Mitrovski, Michael Kosta ; Molnár, József ; Mrówczyński, Stanislaw ; Pálla, Gabriella ; Panagiotou, Apostolos D. ; Perl, Katarzyna ; Petridis, Athanasios ; Pikna, Miroslav ; Pinsky, Lawrence ; Pühlhofer, Falk ; Reid, Jeffrey G. ; Renfordt, Rainer Arno Ernst ; Retyk, Waldemar ; Roland, Christof ; Roland, Gunther ; Rybczyński, Maciej ; Rybicki, Andrzej ; Sandoval, Andres ; Sann, Hans ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Seyboth, Peter ; Siklér, Ferenc ; Sitar, Branislav ; Skrzypczak, Ewa ; Stefanek, Grzegorz ; Stock, Reinhard ; Ströbele, Herbert ; Šuša, Tatjana ; Szentpétery, Imre ; Sziklai, János ; Trainor, Thomas A. ; Varga, Dezsö ; Vassiliou, Maria ; Veres, Gábor I. ; Vesztergombi, György ; Vranić, Danilo ; Wenig, Siegfried ; Wetzler, Alexander Albert ; Włodarczyk, Zbigniew ; Xu, Nu ; Yoo, In-Kwon ; Zaranek, Jacek ; Zimanyi, József
The transverse mass mt distributions for deuterons and protons are measured in Pb+Pb reactions near midrapidity and in the range 0<mt–m<1.0 (1.5) GeV/c2 for minimum bias collisions at 158A GeV and for central collisions at 40 and 80 A GeV beam energies. The rapidity density dn/dy, inverse slope parameter T and mean transverse mass <mt> derived from mt distributions as well as the coalescence parameter B2 are studied as a function of the incident energy and the collision centrality. The deuteron mt spectra are significantly harder than those of protons, especially in central collisions. The coalescence factor B2 shows three systematic trends. First, it decreases strongly with increasing centrality reflecting an enlargement of the deuteron coalescence volume in central Pb+Pb collisions. Second, it increases with mt. Finally, B2 shows an increase with decreasing incident beam energy even within the SPS energy range. The results are discussed and compared to the predictions of models that include the collective expansion of the source created in Pb+Pb collisions.
Alt, Christopher ; Antičić, Tome ; Baatar, B. ; Barna, Daniel ; Bartke, Jerzy ; Betev, Latchezar ; Białkowska, Helena ; Blume, Christoph ; Boimska, Bożena ; Botje, Michiel ; Bracinik, Juraj ; Bramm, Roland ; Bunčić, Predrag ; Cerny, Vladimír ; Christakoglou, Panagiotis ; Chvala, Ondrej ; Cramer, John G. ; Csató, Péter ; Dinkelaker, Peter ; Eckardt, Volker ; Flierl, Dominik Bernhard ; Fodor, Zoltán ; Foka, Panagiota ; Friese, Volker ; Gál, József ; Gaździcki, Marek ; Genchev, Vladimir ; Georgopoulos, George ; Gładysz-Dziaduś, Ewa ; Grebieszkow, Katarzyna ; Hegyi, Sándor ; Höhne, Claudia ; Kadija, Krešo ; Karev, Alexandre ; Kliemant, Michael ; Kniege, Stefan ; Kolesnikov, Vadim I. ; Kornas, Ewelina ; Korus, Robert ; Kowalski, Marek ; Kraus, Ingrid ; Kreps, Michal ; Leeuwen, Marco van ; Lévai, Péter ; Litov, Leandr ; Lungwitz, Benjamin ; Makariev, Martin ; Malakhov, Aleksandr I. ; Markert, Christina ; Mateev, Matej D. ; Melkumov, Georgy L. ; Mischke, André ; Mitrovski, Michael Kosta ; Molnár, József ; Mrówczyński, Stanislaw ; Nicolic, V. ; Pálla, Gabriella ; Panagiotou, Apostolos D. ; Panayotov, Dobromir ; Petridis, Athanasios ; Pikna, Miroslav ; Prindle, Duncan J. ; Pühlhofer, Falk ; Renfordt, Rainer Arno Ernst ; Roland, Christof ; Roland, Gunther ; Rybczyński, Maciej ; Rybicki, Andrzej ; Sandoval, Andres ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Schuster, Tim ; Seyboth, Peter ; Siklér, Ferenc ; Sitar, Branislav ; Skrzypczak, Ewa ; Stefanek, Grzegorz ; Stock, Reinhard ; Ströbele, Herbert ; Šuša, Tatjana ; Szentpétery, Imre ; Sziklai, János ; Szymański, Paweł ; Trubnikov, Victor ; Varga, Dezsö ; Vassiliou, Maria ; Veres, Gábor I. ; Vesztergombi, György ; Vranić, Danilo ; Wetzler, Alexander Albert ; Włodarczyk, Zbigniew ; Yoo, In-Kwon ; Zimányi, József
Results are presented from a search for the decays D0 -> K min pi plus and D0 bar -> K plus pi min in a sample of 3.8x10^6 central Pb-Pb events collected with a beam energy of 158A GeV by NA49 at the CERN SPS. No signal is observed. An upper limit on D0 production is derived and compared to predictions from several models.
Alt, Christopher ; Antičić, Tome ; Baatar, B. ; Barna, Daniel ; Bartke, Jerzy ; Betev, Latchezar ; Białkowska, Helena ; Billmeier, Anja ; Blume, Christoph ; Boimska, Bożena ; Botje, Michiel ; Bracinik, Juraj ; Bramm, Roland ; Brun, René ; Bunčić, Predrag ; Černý, Vladimír ; Christakoglou, Panagiotis ; Chvala, Ondrej ; Cramer, John G. ; Csató, Péter ; Darmenov, Nikolay ; Dimitrov, Anton ; Dinkelaker, Peter ; Eckardt, Volker ; Farantatos, Gerassimos ; Flierl, Dominik Bernhard ; Fodor, Zoltan ; Foka, Panagiota ; Freund, Peter ; Friese, Volker ; Gál, József ; Gaździcki, Marek ; Georgopoulos, George ; Gładysz-Dziaduś, Ewa ; Grebieszkow, Katarzyna ; Hegyi, Sándor ; Höhne, Claudia ; Kadija, Krešo ; Karev, Alexandre ; Kliemant, Michael ; Kniege, Stefan ; Kolesnikov, Vadim I. ; Kollegger, Thorsten ; Kornas, Ewelina ; Korus, Robert ; Kowalski, Marek ; Kraus, Ingrid ; Kreps, Michal ; Leeuwen, Marco van ; Lévai, Péter ; Litov, Leandr ; Lungwitz, Benjamin ; Makariev, Martin Vasilev ; Malakhov, Aleksandr I. ; Markert, Christina ; Mateev, Matey D. ; Mayes, Bill W. ; Melkumov, Georgy L. ; Meurer, Christine ; Mischke, André ; Mitrovski, Michael Kosta ; Molnár, József ; Mrówczyński, Stanislaw ; Pálla, Gabriella ; Panagiotou, Apostolos D. ; Panayotov, Dobromir ; Petridis, Athanasios ; Pikna, Miroslav ; Pinsky, Lawrence ; Pühlhofer, Falk ; Reid, Jeffrey G. ; Renfordt, Rainer Arno Ernst ; Richard, Agnes Carol Joanna ; Roland, Christof ; Roland, Gunther ; Rybczyński, Maciej ; Rybicki, Andrzej ; Sandoval, Andres ; Sann, Hans ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Seyboth, Peter ; Siklér, Ferenc ; Sitar, Branislav ; Skrzypczak, Ewa ; Stefanek, Grzegorz ; Stock, Reinhard ; Ströbele, Herbert ; Šuša, Tatjana ; Szentpétery, Imre ; Sziklai, János ; Trubnikov, Victor ; Varga, Dezsö ; Vassiliou, Maria ; Veres, Gábor I. ; Vesztergombi, György ; Vranić, Danilo ; Wetzler, Alexander Albert ; Włodarczyk, Zbigniew ; Yoo, In-Kwon ; Zaranek, Jacek ; Zimányi, József
Electric charge correlations were studied for p+p, C+C, Si+Si, and centrality selected Pb+Pb collisions at sqrt[sNN]=17.2 GeV with the NA49 large acceptance detector at the CERN SPS. In particular, long-range pseudorapidity correlations of oppositely charged particles were measured using the balance function method. The width of the balance function decreases with increasing system size and centrality of the reactions. This decrease could be related to an increasing delay of hadronization in central Pb+Pb collisions.
Evidence for an exotic S=-2, Q=-2 baryon resonance in proton-proton collisions at the CERN SPS
(2004)
Alt, Christopher ; Antičić, Tome ; Baatar, B. ; Barna, Daniel ; Bartke, Jerzy ; Betev, Latchezar ; Białkowska, Helena ; Billmeier, Anja ; Blume, Christoph ; Boimska, Bożena ; Botje, Michiel ; Bracinik, Juraj ; Bramm, Roland ; Brun, René ; Bunčić, Predrag ; Černý, Vladimír ; Christakoglou, Panagiotis ; Chvala, Ondrej ; Cramer, John G. ; Csató, Péter ; Darmenov, Nikolay ; Dimitrov, Anton ; Dinkelaker, Peter ; Eckardt, Volker ; Farantatos, Gerassimos ; Filip, Peter ; Flierl, Dominik Bernhard ; Fodor, Zoltán ; Foka, Panagiota ; Freund, Peter ; Friese, Volker ; Gál, József ; Gaździcki, Marek ; Georgopoulos, George ; Gładysz-Dziaduś, Ewa ; Hegyi, Sándor ; Höhne, Claudia ; Kadija, Krešo ; Karev, Alexandre ; Kniege, Stefan ; Kolesnikov, Vadim I. ; Kollegger, Thorsten ; Korus, Robert ; Kowalski, Marek ; Kraus, Ingrid ; Kreps, Michal ; Leeuwen, Marco van ; Lévai, Péter ; Litov, Leandr ; Makariev, Martin Vasilev ; Malakhov, Aleksandr I. ; Markert, Christina ; Mateev, Matej D. ; Mayes, Bill W. ; Melkumov, Georgy L. ; Meurer, Christine ; Mischke, André ; Mitrovski, Michael Kosta ; Molnár, József ; Mrówczyński, Stanislaw ; Pálla, Gabriella ; Panagiotou, Apostolos D. ; Panayotov, Dobromir ; Perl, Katarzyna ; Petridis, Athanasios ; Pikna, Miroslav ; Pinsky, Lawrence ; Pühlhofer, Falk ; Reid, Jeffrey G. ; Renfordt, Rainer Arno Ernst ; Retyk, Waldemar ; Roland, Christof ; Roland, Gunther ; Rybczyński, Maciej ; Rybicki, Andrzej ; Sandoval, Andres ; Sann, Hans ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Seyboth, Peter ; Siklér, Ferenc ; Sitar, Branislav ; Skrzypczak, Ewa ; Stefanek, Grzegorz ; Stock, Reinhard ; Ströbele, Herbert ; Šuša, Tatjana ; Szentpétery, Imre ; Sziklai, János ; Trainor, Thomas A. ; Varga, Dezsö ; Vassiliou, Maria ; Veres, Gábor I. ; Vesztergombi, György ; Vranić, Danilo ; Wetzler, Alexander Albert ; Włodarczyk, Zbigniew ; Yoo, In-Kwon ; Zaranek, Jacek ; Zimanyi, József
Results of resonance searches in the Xi - pi -, Xi - pi +, Xi -bar+ pi -, and Xi -bar+ pi + invariant mass spectra in proton-proton collisions at sqrt[s]=17.2 GeV are presented. Evidence is shown for the existence of a narrow Xi - pi - baryon resonance with mass of 1.862±0.002 GeV/c2 and width below the detector resolution of about 0.018 GeV/c2. The significance is estimated to be above 4.2 sigma . This state is a candidate for the hypothetical exotic Xi --3/2 baryon with S=-2, I=3 / 2, and a quark content of (dsdsu-bar). At the same mass, a peak is observed in the Xi - pi + spectrum which is a candidate for the Xi 03/2 member of this isospin quartet with a quark content of (dsusd-bar). The corresponding antibaryon spectra also show enhancements at the same invariant mass.
Alt, Christopher ; Antičić, Tome ; Baatar, B. ; Barna, Daniel ; Bartke, Jerzy ; Betev, Latchezar ; Białkowska, Helena ; Billmeier, Anja ; Blume, Christoph ; Boimska, Bożena ; Botje, Michiel ; Bracinik, Juraj ; Bramm, Roland ; Brun, René ; Bunčić, Predrag ; Cerny, Vladimír ; Christakoglou, Panagiotis ; Chvala, Ondrej ; Cramer, John G. ; Csató, Péter ; Darmenov, Nikolay ; Dimitrov, Anton ; Dinkelaker, Peter ; Eckardt, Volker ; Farantatos, Gerassimos ; Flierl, Dominik Bernhard ; Fodor, Zoltán ; Foka, Panagiota ; Freund, Peter ; Friese, Volker ; Gál, József ; Gaździcki, Marek ; Georgopoulos, George ; Gładysz-Dziaduś, Ewa ; Grebieszkow, Katarzyna ; Hegyi, Sándor ; Höhne, Claudia ; Kadija, Krešo ; Karev, Alexandre ; Kliemant, Michael ; Kniege, Stefan ; Kolesnikov, Vadim I. ; Kollegger, Thorsten ; Kornas, Ewelina ; Korus, Robert ; Kowalski, Marek ; Kraus, Ingrid ; Kreps, Michal ; Leeuwen, Marco van ; Lévai, Péter ; Litov, Leandr ; Lungwitz, Benjamin ; Makariev, Martin Vasilev ; Malakhov, Aleksandr I. ; Markert, Christina ; Mateev, Matej D. ; Mayes, Bill W. ; Melkumov, Georgy L. ; Meurer, Christine ; Mischke, André ; Mitrovski, Michael Kosta ; Molnár, József ; Mrówczyński, Stanislaw ; Pálla, Gabriella ; Panagiotou, Apostolos D. ; Panayotov, Dobromir ; Petridis, Athanasios ; Pikna, Miroslav ; Pinsky, Lawrence ; Pühlhofer, Falk ; Reid, Jeffrey G. ; Renfordt, Rainer Arno Ernst ; Richard, Agnes Carol Joanna ; Roland, Christof ; Roland, Gunther ; Rybczyński, Maciej ; Rybicki, Andrzej ; Sandoval, Andres ; Sann, Hans ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Seyboth, Peter ; Siklér, Ferenc ; Sitar, Branislav ; Skrzypczak, Ewa ; Stefanek, Grzegorz ; Stock, Reinhard ; Ströbele, Herbert ; Šuša, Tatjana ; Szentpétery, Imre ; Sziklai, János ; Trainor, Thomas A. ; Varga, Dezsö ; Vassiliou, Maria ; Veres, Gábor I. ; Vesztergombi, György ; Vranić, Danilo ; Wetzler, Alexander Albert ; Włodarczyk, Zbigniew ; Yoo, In-Kwon ; Zaranek, Jacek ; Zimányi, József
Results are presented on Omega production in central Pb+Pb collisions at 40 and 158 AGeV beam energy. Given are transverse-mass spectra, rapidity distributions, and total yields for the sum Omega+Antiomega at 40 AGeV and for Omega and Antiomega separately at 158 AGeV. The yields are strongly under-predicted by the string-hadronic UrQMD model and are in better agreement with predictions from a hadron gas models. PACS numbers: 25.75.Dw
System-size dependence of strangeness production in nucleus-nucleus collisions at √sNN = 17.3 GeV
(2005)
Alt, Christopher ; Antičić, Tome ; Baatar, B. ; Barna, Daniel ; Bartke, Jerzy ; Betev, Latchezar ; Białkowska, Helena ; Billmeier, Anja ; Blume, Christoph ; Boimska, Bożena ; Botje, Michiel ; Bracinik, Juraj ; Bramm, Roland ; Brun, René ; Bunčić, Predrag ; Cerny, Vladimír ; Christakoglou, Panagiotis ; Chvala, Ondrej ; Cramer, John G. ; Csató, Péter ; Darmenov, Nikolay ; Dimitrov, Anton ; Dinkelaker, Peter ; Eckardt, Volker ; Farantatos, Gerassimos ; Flierl, Dominik Bernhard ; Fodor, Zoltán ; Foka, Panagiota ; Freund, Peter ; Friese, Volker ; Gál, József ; Gaździcki, Marek ; Georgopoulos, George ; Gładysz-Dziaduś, Ewa ; Grebieszkow, Katarzyna ; Hegyi, Sándor ; Höhne, Claudia ; Kadija, Krešo ; Karev, Alexandre ; Kliemant, Michael ; Kniege, Stefan ; Kolesnikov, Vadim I. ; Kollegger, Thorsten ; Kornas, Ewelina ; Korus, Robert ; Kowalski, Marek ; Kraus, Ingrid ; Kreps, Michal ; Leeuwen, Marco van ; Lévai, Péter ; Litov, Leandr ; Lungwitz, Benjamin ; Makariev, Martin Vasilev ; Malakhov, Aleksandr I. ; Markert, Christina ; Mateev, Matej D. ; Mayes, Bill W. ; Melkumov, Georgy L. ; Meurer, Christine ; Mischke, André ; Mitrovski, Michael Kosta ; Molnár, József ; Mrówczyński, Stanislaw ; Pálla, Gabriella ; Panagiotou, Apostolos D. ; Panayotov, Dobromir ; Petridis, Athanasios ; Pikna, Miroslav ; Pinsky, Lawrence ; Pühlhofer, Falk ; Reid, Jeffrey G. ; Renfordt, Rainer Arno Ernst ; Richard, Agnes Carol Joanna ; Roland, Christof ; Roland, Gunther ; Rybczyński, Maciej ; Rybicki, Andrzej ; Sandoval, Andres ; Sann, Hans ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Seyboth, Peter ; Siklér, Ferenc ; Sitar, Branislav ; Skrzypczak, Ewa ; Stefanek, Grzegorz ; Stock, Reinhard ; Ströbele, Herbert ; Šuša, Tatjana ; Szentpétery, Imre ; Sziklai, János ; Trainor, Thomas A. ; Trubnikov, Victor ; Varga, Dezsö ; Vassiliou, Maria ; Veres, Gábor I. ; Vesztergombi, György ; Vranić, Danilo ; Wetzler, Alexander Albert ; Włodarczyk, Zbigniew ; Yoo, In-Kwon ; Zaranek, Jacek ; Zimányi, József
Emission of pi, K, phi and Lambda was measured in near-central C+C and Si+Si collisions at 158 AGeV beam energy. Together with earlier data for p+p, S+S and Pb+Pb, the system-size dependence of relative strangeness production in nucleus-nucleus collisions is obtained. Its fast rise and the saturation observed at about 60 participating nucleons can be understood as onset of the formation of coherent partonic subsystems of increasing size. PACS numbers: 25.75.-q
System size and centrality dependence of the balance function in A + A collisions at √sNN = 17.2 GeV
(2004)
Alt, Christopher ; Antičić, Tome ; Baatar, B. ; Barna, Daniel ; Bartke, Jerzy ; Betev, Latchezar ; Białkowska, Helena ; Billmeier, Anja ; Blume, Christoph ; Boimska, Bożena ; Botje, Michiel ; Bracinik, Juraj ; Bramm, Roland ; Brun, René ; Bunčić, Predrag ; Cerny, Vladimír ; Christakoglou, Panagiotis ; Chvala, Ondrej ; Cramer, John G. ; Csató, Péter ; Darmenov, Nikolay ; Dimitrov, Anton ; Dinkelaker, Peter ; Eckardt, Volker ; Farantatos, Gerassimos ; Flierl, Dominik Bernhard ; Fodor, Zoltán ; Foka, Panagiota ; Freund, Peter ; Friese, Volker ; Gál, József ; Gaździcki, Marek ; Georgopoulos, George ; Gładysz-Dziaduś, Ewa ; Grebieszkow, Katarzyna ; Hegyi, Sándor ; Höhne, Claudia ; Kadija, Krešo ; Karev, Alexandre ; Kliemant, Michael ; Kniege, Stefan ; Kolesnikov, Vadim I. ; Kollegger, Thorsten ; Kornas, Ewelina ; Korus, Robert ; Kowalski, Marek ; Kraus, Ingrid ; Kreps, Michal ; Leeuwen, Marco van ; Lévai, Péter ; Litov, Leandr ; Lungwitz, Benjamin ; Makariev, Martin ; Malakhov, Aleksandr I. ; Markert, Christina ; Mateev, Matej D. ; Mayes, Bill W. ; Melkumov, Georgy L. ; Meurer, Christine ; Mischke, André ; Mitrovski, Michael Kosta ; Molnár, József ; Mrówczyński, Stanislaw ; Pálla, Gabriella ; Panagiotou, Apostolos D. ; Panayotov, Dobromir ; Petridis, Athanasios ; Pikna, Miroslav ; Pinsky, Lawrence ; Pühlhofer, Falk ; Reid, Jeffrey G. ; Renfordt, Rainer Arno Ernst ; Richard, Agnes Carol Joanna ; Roland, Christof ; Roland, Gunther ; Rybczyński, Maciej ; Rybicki, Andrzej ; Sandoval, Andres ; Sann, Hans ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Seyboth, Peter ; Siklér, Ferenc ; Sitar, Branislav ; Skrzypczak, Ewa ; Stefanek, Grzegorz ; Stock, Reinhard ; Ströbele, Herbert ; Šuša, Tatjana ; Szentpétery, Imre ; Sziklai, János ; Trubnikov, Victor ; Varga, Dezsö ; Vassiliou, Maria ; Veres, Gábor I. ; Vesztergombi, György ; Vranić, Danilo ; Wetzler, Alexander Albert ; Włodarczyk, Zbigniew ; Yoo, In-Kwon ; Zaranek, Jacek ; Zimányi, József
Electric charge correlations were studied for p+p, C+C, Si+Si and centrality selected Pb+Pb collisions at sqrt s_NN = 17.2$ GeV with the NA49 large acceptance detector at the CERN-SPS. In particular, long range pseudo-rapidity correlations of oppositely charged particles were measured using the Balance Function method. The width of the Balance Function decreases with increasing system size and centrality of the reactions. This decrease could be related to an increasing delay of hadronization in central Pb+Pb collisions.
Observation of an exotic S = -2, Q = -2 baryon resonance in proton-proton collisions at the CERN SPS
(2003)
Alt, Christopher ; Antičić, Tome ; Baatar, B. ; Barna, Daniel ; Bartke, Jerzy ; Betev, Latchezar ; Białkowska, Helena ; Billmeier, Anja ; Blume, Christoph ; Boimska, Bożena ; Botje, Michiel ; Bracinik, Juraj ; Bramm, Roland ; Brun, René ; Bunčić, Predrag ; Cerny, Vladimír ; Christakoglou, Panagiotis ; Chvala, Ondrej ; Cramer, John G. ; Csató, Péter ; Darmenov, Nikolay ; Dimitrov, Anton ; Dinkelaker, Peter ; Eckardt, Volker ; Farantatos, Gerassimos ; Filip, Peter ; Flierl, Dominik Bernhard ; Fodor, Zoltán ; Foka, Panagiota ; Freund, Peter ; Friese, Volker ; Gál, József ; Gaździcki, Marek ; Georgopoulos, George ; Gładysz-Dziaduś, Ewa ; Hegyi, Sándor ; Höhne, Claudia ; Kadija, Krešo ; Karev, Alexandre ; Kniege, Stefan ; Kolesnikov, Vadim I. ; Kollegger, Thorsten ; Korus, Robert ; Kowalski, Marek ; Kraus, Ingrid ; Kreps, Michal ; Leeuwen, Marco van ; Lévai, Péter ; Litov, Leandr ; Makariev, Martin Vasilev ; Malakhov, Aleksandr I. ; Markert, Christina ; Mateev, Matej D. ; Mayes, Bill W. ; Melkumov, Georgy L. ; Meurer, Christine ; Mischke, André ; Mitrovski, Michael Kosta ; Molnár, József ; Mrówczyński, Stanislaw ; Pálla, Gabriella ; Panagiotou, Apostolos D. ; Panayotov, Dobromir ; Perl, Katarzyna ; Petridis, Athanasios ; Pikna, Miroslav ; Pinsky, Lawrence ; Pühlhofer, Falk ; Reid, Jeffrey G. ; Renfordt, Rainer Arno Ernst ; Retyk, Waldemar ; Roland, Christof ; Roland, Gunther ; Rybczyński, Maciej ; Rybicki, Andrzej ; Sandoval, Andres ; Sann, Hans ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Seyboth, Peter ; Siklér, Ferenc ; Sitar, Branislav ; Skrzypczak, Ewa ; Stefanek, Grzegorz ; Stock, Reinhard ; Ströbele, Herbert ; Šuša, Tatjana ; Szentpétery, Imre ; Sziklai, János ; Trainor, Thomas A. ; Varga, Dezsö ; Vassiliou, Maria ; Veres, Gábor I. ; Vesztergombi, György ; Vranić, Danilo ; Wetzler, Alexander Albert ; Włodarczyk, Zbigniew ; Yoo, In-Kwon ; Zaranek, Jacek ; Zimányi, József
Results of resonance searches in the Xi- pi-, Xi- pi+, antiXi+ pi- and antiXi+ pi+ invariant mass spectra in proton-proton collisions at sqrt s=17.2 GeV are presented. Evidence is shown for the existence of a narrow Xi- pi- baryon resonance with mass of 1.862+/-0.002 GeV/c^2 and width below the detector resolution of about 0.018 GeV/c^2. The significance is estimated to be 4.0 sigma. This state is a candidate for the hypothetical exotic Xi_(3/2)^-- baryon with S = -2, I = 3/2 and a quark content of (d s d s ubar). At the same mass a peak is observed in the Xi- pi+ spectrum which is a candidate for the Xi_(3/2)^0 member of this isospin quartet with a quark content of (d s u s dbar). The corresponding antibaryon spectra also show enhancements at the same invariant mass.
Alt, Christopher ; Antičić, Tome ; Baatar, B. ; Barna, Daniel ; Bartke, Jerzy ; Behler, Matthias ; Betev, Latchezar ; Białkowska, Helena ; Billmeier, Anja ; Blume, Christoph ; Boimska, Bożena ; Botje, Michiel ; Bracinik, Juraj ; Bramm, Roland ; Brun, René ; Bunčić, Predrag ; Cerny, Vladimír ; Christakoglou, Panagiotis ; Chvala, Ondrej ; Cramer, John G. ; Csató, Péter ; Darmenov, Nikolay ; Dimitrov, Anton ; Dinkelaker, Peter ; Eckardt, Volker ; Filip, Peter ; Flierl, Dominik Bernhard ; Fodor, Zoltán ; Foka, Panagiota ; Freund, Peter ; Friese, Volker ; Gál, József ; Gaździcki, Marek ; Georgopoulos, George ; Gładysz-Dziaduś, Ewa ; Grebieszkow, Katarzyna ; Hegyi, Sándor ; Höhne, Claudia ; Kadija, Krešo ; Karev, Alexandre ; Kliemant, Michael ; Kniege, Stefan ; Kolesnikov, Vadim I. ; Kollegger, Thorsten ; Kornas, Ewelina ; Korus, Robert ; Kowalski, Marek ; Kraus, Ingrid ; Kreps, Michal ; Leeuwen, Marco van ; Lévai, Péter ; Litov, Leandr ; Lungwitz, Benjamin ; Makariev, Martin Vasilev ; Malakhov, Aleksandr I. ; Markert, Christina ; Mateev, Matej D. ; Mayes, Bill W. ; Melkumov, Georgy L. ; Meurer, Christine ; Mischke, André ; Mitrovski, Michael Kosta ; Molnár, József ; Mrówczyński, Stanislaw ; Pálla, Gabriella ; Panagiotou, Apostolos D. ; Panayotov, Dobromir ; Petridis, Athanasios ; Pikna, Miroslav ; Pinsky, Lawrence ; Pühlhofer, Falk ; Reid, Jeffrey G. ; Renfordt, Rainer Arno Ernst ; Richard, Agnes Carol Joanna ; Roland, Christof ; Roland, Gunther ; Rybczyński, Maciej ; Rybicki, Andrzej ; Sandoval, Andres ; Sann, Hans ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Seyboth, Peter ; Siklér, Ferenc ; Sitar, Branislav ; Skrzypczak, Ewa ; Stefanek, Grzegorz ; Stock, Reinhard ; Ströbele, Herbert ; Šuša, Tatjana ; Szentpétery, Imre ; Sziklai, János ; Trainor, Thomas A. ; Varga, Dezsö ; Vassiliou, Maria ; Veres, Gábor I. ; Vesztergombi, György ; Vranić, Danilo ; Wetzler, Alexander Albert ; Włodarczyk, Zbigniew ; Yoo, In-Kwon ; Zaranek, Jacek ; Zimányi, József
Results are presented on event-by-event electric charge fluctuations in central Pb+Pb collisions at 20, 30, 40, 80 and 158 AGeV. The observed fluctuations are close to those expected for a gas of pions correlated by global charge conservation only. These fluctuations are considerably larger than those calculated for an ideal gas of deconfined quarks and gluons. The present measurements do not necessarily exclude reduced fluctuations from a quark-gluon plasma because these might be masked by contributions from resonance decays.
Directed and elliptic flow of charged pions and protons in Pb + Pb collisions at 40 and 158 A GeV
(2003)
Alt, Christopher ; Antičić, Tome ; Baatar, B. ; Barna, Daniel ; Bartke, Jerzy ; Behler, Matthias ; Betev, Latchezar ; Białkowska, Helena ; Billmeier, Anja ; Blume, Christoph ; Boimska, Bożena ; Borghini, Nicolas ; Botje, Michiel ; Bracinik, Juraj ; Bramm, Roland ; Brun, René ; Bunčić, Predrag ; Černý, Vladimír ; Chvala, Ondrej ; Cooper, Glenn E. ; Cramer, John G. ; Csató, Péter ; Dinh, Phuong Mai ; Dinkelaker, Peter ; Eckardt, Volker ; Filip, Peter ; Fodor, Zoltán ; Foka, Panagiota ; Freund, Peter ; Friese, Volker ; Gál, József ; Gaździcki, Marek ; Georgopoulos, George ; Gładysz, Ewa ; Hegyi, Sándor ; Höhne, Claudia ; Jacobs, Peter Martin ; Kadija, Krešo ; Karev, Alexandre ; Kniege, Stefan ; Kolesnikov, Vadim I. ; Kollegger, Thorsten ; Korus, Robert ; Kowalski, Marek ; Kraus, Ingrid ; Kreps, Michal ; Leeuwen, Marco van ; Lévai, Péter ; Malakhov, Aleksandr I. ; Markert, Christina ; Mayes, Bill W. ; Melkumov, Georgy L. ; Meurer, Christine ; Mischke, André ; Mitrovski, Michael Kosta ; Molnár, József ; Mrówczyński, Stanislaw ; Odyniec, Grazyna Janina ; Ollitrault, Jean-Yves ; Pálla, Gabriella ; Panagiotou, Apostolos D. ; Perl, Katarzyna ; Petridis, Athanasios ; Pikna, Miroslav ; Pinsky, Lawrence ; Poskanzer, Arthur M. ; Pühlhofer, Falk ; Reid, Jeffrey G. ; Renfordt, Rainer Arno Ernst ; Retyk, Waldemar ; Ritter, Hans Georg ; Roland, Christof ; Roland, Gunther ; Rybczyński, Maciej ; Rybicki, Andrzej ; Sandoval, Andres ; Sann, Hans ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Seyboth, Peter ; Siklér, Ferenc ; Sitar, Branislav ; Skrzypczak, Ewa ; Snellings, Raimond ; Stefanek, Grzegorz ; Stock, Reinhard ; Ströbele, Herbert ; Šuša, Tatjana ; Szentpétery, Imre ; Sziklai, János ; Trainor, Thomas A. ; Varga, Dezsö ; Vassiliou, Maria ; Veres, Gábor I. ; Vesztergombi, György ; Voloshin, Sergei ; Vranić, Danilo ; Wetzler, Alexander Albert ; Włodarczyk, Zbigniew ; Yoo, In-Kwon ; Zaranek, Jacek ; Zimányi, József
Directed and elliptic flow measurements for charged pions and protons are reported as a function of transverse momentum, rapidity, and centrality for 40 and 158A GeV Pb + Pb collisions as recorded by the NA49 detector. Both the standard method of correlating particles with an event plane, and the cumulant method of studying multiparticle correlations are used. In the standard method the directed flow is corrected for conservation of momentum. In the cumulant method elliptic flow is reconstructed from genuine 4, 6, and 8-particle correlations, showing the first unequivocal evidence for collective motion in A+A collisions at SPS energies.
Afanasiev, Sergey V. ; Antičić, Tome ; Bächler, Joachim ; Barna, Daniel ; Barnby, Lee Stuart ; Bartke, Jerzy ; Barton, Robert Allan ; Betev, Latchezar ; Białkowska, Helena ; Billmeier, Anja ; Blume, Christoph ; Blyth, Charles O. ; Boimska, Bożena ; Botje, Michiel ; Bracinik, Juraj ; Brady, Franklin Paul ; Bramm, Roland ; Brun, René ; Bunčić, Predrag ; Carr, Lincoln D. ; Cebra, Daniel A. ; Cooper, Glenn E. ; Cramer, John G. ; Csató, Péter ; Eckardt, Volker ; Eckhardt, Frank ; Ferenc, Daniel ; Filip, Peter ; Fischer, Hans Gerhard ; Fodor, Zoltán ; Foka, Panagiota ; Freund, Peter ; Friese, Volker ; Ftacnik, Jan ; Gál, József ; Gaździcki, Marek ; Georgopoulos, George ; Gładysz-Dziaduś, Ewa ; Harris, John W. ; Hegyi, Sándor ; Hlinka, V. ; Höhne, Claudia ; Igo, George J. ; Ivanov, Marian ; Jacobs, Peter Martin ; Janik, Rudolf ; Jones, Peter Graham ; Kadija, Krešo ; Kolesnikov, Vadim I. ; Kollegger, Thorsten ; Kowalski, Marek ; Lasiuk, Brian ; Leeuwen, Marco van ; Lévai, Péter ; Malakhov, Aleksandr I. ; Margetis, Spyridon ; Markert, Christina ; Mayes, Bill W. ; Melkumov, Georgy L. ; Mischke, André ; Molnár, József ; Nelson, John M. ; Odyniec, Grazyna Janina ; Pálla, Gabriella ; Panagiotou, Apostolos D. ; Petridis, Athanasios ; Pikna, Miroslav ; Pinsky, Lawrence ; Poskanzer, Arthur M. ; Prindle, Duncan J. ; Pühlhofer, Falk ; Reid, Jeffrey G. ; Renfordt, Rainer Arno Ernst ; Retyk, Waldemar ; Ritter, Hans Georg ; Röhrich, Dieter ; Roland, Christof ; Roland, Gunther ; Rybicki, Andrzej ; Sammer, Thomas ; Sandoval, Andres ; Sann, Hans ; Schäfer, Erich ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Seyboth, Peter ; Siklér, Ferenc ; Sitar, Branislav ; Skrzypczak, Ewa ; Snellings, Raimond ; Squier, Gordon Thomas Anderson ; Stock, Reinhard ; Strmen, Peter ; Ströbele, Herbert ; Šuša, Tatjana ; Szarka, Imrich ; Szentpétery, Imre ; Sziklai, János ; Toy, Milton Y. ; Trainor, Thomas A. ; Trentalange, Stephen ; Ullrich, Thomas ; Varga, Dezsö ; Vassiliou, Maria ; Veres, Gábor I. ; Vesztergombi, György ; Voloshin, Sergei ; Vranić, Danilo ; Wang, Feipeng ; Weerasundara, Dhammika D. ; Wenig, Siegfried ; Wetzler, Alexander Albert ; Whitten, Charles A. ; Xu, Nu ; Yates, Tim A. ; Yoo, In-Kwon ; Zimányi, József
We present the first measurement of fluctuations from event to event in the production of strange particles in collisions of heavy nuclei. The ratio of charged kaons to charged pions is determined for individual central Pb+Pb collisions. After accounting for the fluctuations due to detector resolution and finite number statistics we derive an upper limit on genuine non-statistical fluctuations, perhaps related to a first or second order QCD phase transition. Such fluctuations are shown to be very small.