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Bilježenje palatalnih konsonanata najviše je problema izazivalo u slavenskih naroda koji su nastojali prilagoditi osnovnu latinicu fonemima svojih jezika. U ovom se radu promatraju bilježenja palatala u pisaca zadarsko-šibenskoga kruga, i to u vremenu od 14. do 17. stoljeća. U toj su regiji nastali prvi hrvatski tekstovi pisani latinicom. Cilj rada jest ustvrditi kako su pojedini autori latinicom zapisali sporne foneme hrvatskoga (čakavskoga) jezika, koje su razlike i istosti njihovih grafijskih rješenja i koje se tendencije ogledaju u višestoljetnoj uporabi latinice na ovom području.
U radu se opisuje fonologija, morfologija i leksik govora Jurkova Sela u Žumberku, doseljeničkoga čakavskoga ikavsko-ekavskoga govora. Iako nema zamjenicu ča u samostalnoj upotrebi, govor čuva većinu temeljnih čakavskih crta. Ipak, stabilnost je sustava u nekim elementima narušena – što pokazuje supostojanje određenih dubleta u prozodiji i morfologiji. Leksik, uz ostalo, karakterizira prisutnost većeg broja germanizama, na žumberačkome prostoru očekivanih.
U članku se analizira opis glagolskoga vida u gramatikama hrvatskoga kajkavskoga književnog jezika, nastalim od druge polovice 18. do prve polovice 19. stoljeća (Vitkovićeva, Szentmartonyjeva, Kornigova i Matijevićeva te gramatike J. Đurkovečkoga i I. Kristijanovića). Analizom gramatičkoga diskursa u navedenim se gramatikama razlučuju temeljne glagolskovidske sastavnice u različitim pristupima gramatičkome opisu: glagolski vid i definicija kategorije te definicije članova vidske oprjeke, (im)perfektivizacija, zatim odnos glagolskoga vida i glagolskih oblika, te sastava glagola.
Leksičke funkcije kao pokazatelji značenjskih odnosa u kolokacijskim svezama hrvatskoga jezika
(2008)
U radu se na primjerima kolokacijskih sveza hrvatskoga jezika analiziraju leksičke funkcije koje je unutar svojega teorijskoga modela značenje – tekst razradio Igor Meljčuk. Na uzorku od desetak leksičkih funkcija koje predstavljaju opće značenjske modele primjenjive u svim jezicima opisuju se značenjski odnosi na osnovi kojih nastaju kolokacijske sveze, dakle, jezične jedinice koje po svojoj strukturi nadilaze razinu jedne riječi, tj. leksema.
U radu se prikazuju rezultati terenskoga istraživanja o pomicanju naglasaka u imenskih riječi na prednaglasnicu, odnosno o praslavenskom prijenosu siline unutar naglasne cjeline u čakavskome govoru Crikvenice. Pomicanje se naglasaka na prednaglasnicu provodi dosljedno u svima razmatranim kategorijama (osim u brojeva) u kojima su zadovoljeni ovi uvjeti: prvotni silazni naglasak na prvome (ili jedinome) slogu osnove one riječi koja čini naglasnu cjelinu s prijedlogom ispred sebe. U akuzativu su imenica muškoga i ženskoga roda zabilježene alternacije. Pomicanje naglasaka na prednaglasnicu u nekim primjerima srednjega roda u L jd. zahvaća i drugotne silazne naglaske koji su se na prvome slogu osnove našli naknadno, zbog naglasnoga ujednačavanja paradigme ili naglasnoga tipa.
Guidelines for Writers 2 ; Letter from the President 4 ; Poverty is the Problem that Must be Solved… Our Schools are not broken - Stephen Krashen 5 ; Is Multicultural Education Relevant Today? - Christine Sleeter 8 ; Revitalizing Indigenous Language Using Picture Books - Rita Scotti Juric & Nada Poropat 10 ; Success Without Bilingual Education? Acquisiton of Academic Language in English through Comprehensible Input - Francisco Ramos & Stephen Krashen 13 ; Becoming Transnational: Filipino ELL Youth’s School Adaptation - Jeom Ja Yeo, Ph.D. 15
Parabeln / von Johannes Jörgensen. Autoris. Übers. aus dem Dän. von Henriette Holstein-Ledreborg
(1899)
"Dieser Beitrag zum Tagungsthema "Krieg, Helden und Antihelden im Mittelalter" beginnt mit einer Skizze der leitenden Interessen der ersten deutschen Geschichtsdichtung am Krieg und am kriegerischen Heldentum (I). Als Gegenentwurf und Korrektiv zu der bekanntlich auch vom "Annolied" kritisierten heroischen Geschichte wird dann die Kain-Abel-Mythe in der Auslegung durch Aurelius Augustinus herangezogen (II.). Die Rezeption der biblischen Erzählung vom Brudermord im "Heliand" (III.), in der "Wiener Genesis" und der "Weltchronik" des Jans Enikel (IV.) Iässt erkennen, dass diese Ursprungsgeschichte das Nachdenken über die eingeschliffenen Rechtfertigungen des Tötens ("homicidiurn") immer wieder neu entfacht hat. Klare Motivierung, namentlich Mutmaßungen über Defizite oder niedere Motive, ermöglichten wohl die Zuweisung von Schuld und die moralische Ausgrenzung des Täters. Der Blick auf eine Episode im "Willehalm" Wolframs von Eschenbach zeigt jedoch, wie vielschichtig und eng miteinander verflochten die Opfer- und Täterrollen sein können. Zuschreibung von Schuld und Unschuld erweist sich unter solchen Vorzeichen als Akt der Selbstrechtfertigung (V.)."
"Das zwischen dem Herbst 1989 und dem 3. Oktober 1990 entstandene literarische Material, das von einer vielfältigen Haltung der DDR-Intellektuellen zur deutschen Wiedervereinigung zeugt, scheint mir [...] besonders wichtig. Die Textsammlung [Grenzfallgedichte : eine deutsche Anthologie] - etwa 100 Gedichte - die hier kurz besprochen wird, bildet einen vielstimmigen Kommentar, manchmal genau datiert, zu den politischen Ereignissen jener Zeitspanne, in der sich der Lauf der deutschen Geschichte radikal verändert hat."
"Im 100. Kabitel des Romans "Der Mann ohne Eigenschaften", das den resoluten Titel trägt "General Stumm dringt in die Staatsbibliothek ein und sammelt Erfahrungen über Bibliothekare, Bibliotheksdiener und geistige Ordnung" [...], kommt es zu der Begegnung zwischen einem Bibliothekar, einem Bibliotheksdiener und General Stumm von Bordwehr in der Wiener Hofbibliothek. Der geistige Gewinn, den der ranghohe k.u.k.-Offizier daraus zieht, ist nicht unerheblich. Es seien der näheren Schilderung dieses denkwürdigen Bibliotheksbesuches, der im Mittelpunkt meiner Betrachtungen stehen soll, zunächst einige Bemerkungen zur Stellung des Kapitels im Roman und zur Person des Generals vorausgeschickt. [...]"
"Die erste deutschsprachige Monolognovelle war zunachst vor allem ein Medienereignis im Zeitalter beginnender Massenkommunikation. Während, so Arthur Schnitzler rückblickend, die Lesung von "Lieutenant Gustl" Ende November 1900 in der Literarischen Vereinigung in Breslau unaufgeregt zur Kenntnis genommen worden war, wirkte ihr Druck am 25. Dezember in der Weihnachtsbeilage der "Neuen Freien Presse" explosiv. Ein Grund liegt in der besonderen Rolle, die die "Neue Freie Presse" in der Öffentlichkeit spielte. Ihr Feuilleton wie auch die Beilagen zu den hohen Festtagen waren ein Schauplatz öffentlicher Aufmerksamkeit. [...] Es waren [...] maßgeblich das besondere Datum und der exponierte Ort der bedeutendsten Zeitung der Monarchie, die dem "Lieutenant Gustl" zu einer Prominenz verhalfen, von der aus alles Weitere seinen Ausgang nahm."
"Die folgenden Überlegungen zum "Andreas" sind von Hofmannsthals Diktum ausgelöst, "dass auf einem gesunden Selbstgefühl (...) das ganze Dasein ruht." [...] Denn im Dilemma der unbewältigten Identität einer höchst fragilen literarischen Gestalt auf intensiver Suche nach dem Selbst scheint mir die Problemzone des Romanvorhabens zu liegen."
U radu se analizira položaj i sudbina jadertinskog, autohtonoga zadarskog romanskog idioma, pripadnika dalmatske, odnosno iliroromanske skupine romanskih jezika. Čitavo XIV. stoljeće vrijeme je najbolje potvrđenosti, ali i neumitnog propadanja jezične strane autohtonoga zadarskog romanstva: nikada prije i nikada poslije toga vremena na tako jasan i očit način prisutan u privatnim i javnim ispravama, jadertinski se u njima pojavljuje već duboko venecijaniziran, poklapajući se više-manje s jezičnim modelom koji se u novoj talijanskoj literaturi naziva volgare venezianeggiante. Analizirajući jezik zadarskih inventara, oporuka, pisama i cedulja iz XIV. st., u potpunosti pisanih na lokalnome romanskom idiomu, autor nestanak autohtonih jadertinskih jezičnih značajki promatra u kontekstu procesa jezične konvergencije – polaganog i sigurnog približavanja mletačkim jezičnim modelima.
Red surečenica
(2009)
Pitanje reda surečenica u posljedičnim rečenicama, tj. mogućnost njihova premetanja (obrtanja), jedno je od onih nerijetkih pitanja u hrvatskome jezikoslovlju koje se smatra riješenim, a da se nitko njime nije valjano i sustavno bavio. Jednodušno se i beziznimno naime smatra da je red surečenica u posljedičnim rečenicama (i red surečenica u nekim drugim zavisnosloženim rečenicama) glavna surečenica – zavisna surečenica stalan i neobratljiv. Nije međutim točna tvrdnja da zavisnosložene rečenice za razliku od nezavisnosloženih mogu premetati red surečenica i da to ne vrijedi samo za posljedične i neke druge rečenice. Naime u nekim tipovima posljedičnih i drugih rečenica, pokazuje se to u ovome radu, zavisna surečenica može prethoditi glavnoj, tj. njezine sastavnice mogu zamijeniti mjesta.
U radu se opisuju sintaktičke funkcije participa prezenta aktivnog i participa preterita aktivnog I. u Katančićevu prijevodu Svetoga pisma (1831.). Posebno se istražuje participska konstrukcija apsolutni nominativ (particip u nominativu + ime u nominativu) te se utvrđuju njezine sintaktičke funkcije.
U ovome se radu nastoji dati pregled mnogobrojnih i raznolikih odraza svetačkog imena Ivan u hrvatskome antroponimijskom fondu s osobitim naglaskom na područje južne Dalmacije (uključujući Boku kotorsku) i Donje Hercegovine. U uvodnome se dijelu rada donose odrazi hebrejskoga muškog osobnog imena Jehochánán u raznim indoeuropskim i neindoeuropskim jezicima, potom se tumači postanje hrvatskoga svetačkog imena Ivan i njegovi odrazi u hrvatskome antroponimijskom fondu s posebnim naglaskom na sličnosti i razlike s antroponimijskim fondovima bliskih južnoslavenskih jezika.
U radu se raspravlja o prefiksu ne- u kajkavskome književnom jeziku. Proučavaju se rječotvorbeni procesi u kojima sudjeluje, tvorbeni načini u kojima se javlja te se ispituje njegova frekventnost u tvorbi pojedinih vrsta riječi. Istražuju se i rječotvorbene i semantičke veze tvorenica s predmetkom ne- i riječi koje su ih motivirale.
Stečaj je interdisciplinarno područje na kojemu se susreću prije svega ekonomisti i pravnici, odnosno u širemu smislu ekonomski i pravni sustavi razmišljanja i izražavanja. Štoviše, Wood upravo stečajni zakon smatra konačnim testom je li pravosuđe uopće pravedno. U ovome se radu analiziraju nesuglasice oko temeljnih naziva koji se upotrebljavaju u stečajnome pravu. Te je nazive potrebno analizirati, razjasniti, i predložiti rješenje kako bi postigli suglasje oko naziva koji se ne bi redefinirali pri svakoj izmjeni Stečajnog zakona. U trenutku kad se brojni zakoni izmjenjuju zbog usklađivanja s propisima Europske unije, a ti zakoni definiraju naše društvo i odnose, važno je razlučiti pojmove u stečajnome postupku. Budući da je hrvatski Stečajni zakon 1990-ih “prepisan” iz njemačkog izvornika, učinjen je ne samo legislativni već i kulturni i jezični prijenos. Usmjerenost na njemački uzor dovela je do toga da su uz pravna rješenja nekritički prevedeni i temeljni nazivi stečajnoga postupka te je zaboravljeno kako valja pozitivno diskriminirati materinski jezik i, kad god je to moguće, koristiti se uobičajenim hrvatskim riječima, osobito nazivima. U radu se prikazuje sukob temeljnih naziva stečajnog postupka i daju argumenti za uporabu osnovne leksičke jedinice na ovom području – naziva stečaj.
Leksikografska obradba polisemnih naziva (na primjeru naziva društvenih znanstvenih disciplina)
(2009)
U radu se razmatra problem obradbe polisemnih naziva u općim i terminološkim rječnicima u hrvatskom jeziku na primjeru nazivlja društvenih znanstvenih disciplina. Nazivi iz rječničkoga korpusa (terminoloških i općih rječnika) uspoređuju se s potvrdama naziva u publicističkome funkcionalnom stilu (korpus Hrvatske jezične riznice), a posebno se analiziraju primjeri determinologizacije u publicističkome funkcionalnom stilu. Provedenom je analizom potvrđena sustavnost obradbe polisemnih naziva u općim i terminološkim rječnicima, ali su potvrđene i određene pogreške u obradbi naziva u općim rječnicima (netočno definirana značenja ili izostavljena pojedina česta značenja). U skladu s provedenom analizom daje se i prijedlog obradbe naziva u općem i terminološkom rječniku te se izdvajaju načela koja su bitna pri strukturiranju definicija u općim i terminološkim rječnicima u hrvatskome jeziku.
Nakon kratkoga prikaza geografskoga položaja zagorskoga mjesta Šemnice Gornje u radu se na osnovi vlastitoga terenskog istraživanja i dostupne literature iznose fonološka obilježja govora toga mjesta. Opisuje se naglasni sustav i unutar toga razlike koje se mogu uočiti u odnosu na osnovnu kajkavsku akcentuaciju, te obilježja samoglasničkoga i suglasničkoga sustava.
Ključne riječi: Šemnica Gornja ; govor ; naglasni sustav; samoglasnički i suglasnički sustav
Tema je ovoga rada raščlamba kategorije prijelaznosti u hrvatskim gramatikama. Pri raščlambi je proučen odnos subjekta i (auto)objekta. Prikazan je način na koji je prijelaznost opisana u gramatikama te su obrađena ova pitanja: Kako prijelazni glagoli mogu postati neprijelazni i što se događa s njihovim značenjem? Kako gramatike dijele glagole prema prijelaznosti? Kako se tumači neprava povratnost? Što znači da radnja proizlazi sama od sebe? Na koji je način moguća dodatna interpretacija prijelaznosti kod pravih povratnih glagola s obzirom na razine proučavanja?
Die "wîlsælde"-Disputation : zur Auseinandersetzung mit der Astrologie in der "Kaiserchronik"
(2005)
Als Einschub in der mittelhochdeutschen "Kaiserchronik" bieten die drei Disputationen weitaus tiefer greifende philosophisch-theologische Betrachtungen als der übrige Erzähltext. Die "wîlsælde"-Disputation greift die Auseinandersetzung mit der Astrologie auf. Der vorliegende Aufsatz vergleicht dieses Streitgespräch mit seiner patristischen Vorlage, den pseudoklementinischen "Recognitiones", und erkäirt die Umgestaltung des Stoffes in der "Kaiserchronik" im Hinblick auf Unterschiede in den astrologischen Richtungen im 4. und im 12. Jahrhundert.
Recent critical discussions of German migrant and post-migrant literature has repeatedly focussed on the phenomenon of the exotic: where some writers seem consciously to exoticise their writing, exaggerating myths about Oriental culture and thus highlighting differences between East and West, perhaps with the aim of making foreigners exciting, likeable or deserving of sympathy, others react against this, rejecting clichés and highlighting continuities, apparently with the aim of making cultural boundaries traversable. Both are understandable strategies tor dealing with displacement. ln this context l should like to adopt a term from quite a different discipline. Bultmanns concept of demythologising. ln theology, demythologising means dissectting the "myth" - the sacred but implausible narrative - to distil from it a kerygmatic truth. If we regard the exotic as being, in this technical sense, the "myth", then it is not entirely devoid of a relationship to reality, but it cannot simply be read as "teal". Thus demythologising is the opposite process to exoticising. Drawing on satirical texts by four Turkish-German writers and cabaretts, this paper looks at ways in which this ethnic minority can use ironic self-depiction to capture and defuse the stereotypes with which it is confronted. Under the rubric "cold turkey", that is, Turkishness without the psychedelics, it shows how the satirists transpose clichés into everyday situations, where they become absurd. The paper’s conclusion is likely to be that hybrid communities are inevitably torn between a desire to highlight demarcation lines (exoticism) and a need to accentuate the potential for assimilation (demythologising). Humour, which in any case has a tendency either to underline or to debunk stereotypes, serves as a highly effective tool for working out this dichotomy, and as all four satirists have successfully reached main-stream German audiences, it would also appear to be a key mechanism in achieving intet-cultural understanding.
The Kaiserchronik is generically puzzling. In essence it is a spiritual world chronicle, but it lacks the usual historiographical systematisations of its theological content. However it does have three disputations, an unusual feature in a chronicle which has to date not been adequately explained. This essay argues, on the basis of comparisons with works in other literary forms, that these passages function as key expressions of the controlling idea of the entire work, namely the progress of the Gospel from the heathen to the Christian Empire, and that they are strategically located within the chronicle at the turning points in the success of Christian mission.
St. Stephanstag zu Pfingsten : einige Bemerkungen zu Enikels Weltchronik Verse 28447 und 28471
(1998)
In einem kurzen Aufsatz aus dem Jahre 1888 beschreibt Oswald Redlich eine eigentümliche Erscheinung in der mittelalterlichen Chronologie. In österreichischen Urkunden des späten Mittelalters werden gelegentich die Namen der Festtage nach Weihnachten auf die entsprechenden Tage nach den beiden anderen kirchlichen Hochfesten Ostern und Pfingsten bezogen. Die wichtigsten Feste der Weihnachtswoche sind: Dezember 26 - St. Stephan Dezember 27 - St. Johannes Dezember 28 - Unschuldig-Kindleintag "Stephan" ist also liturgisch synonym mit dem zweiten Weihnachtstag, "Johannes" mit dem dritten, usw. Redlich erkannte als erster, daß im 14. und 15. Jahrhundert in Österreich die Feste der Oster- und Pfingstwochen analog genannt werden, wobei der "Kindleintag zu Ostern" den Mittwoch nach Ostersonntag oder "Johannes zu Pfingsten" den Dienstag nach Pfingstsonntag bezeichnen, obwohl die benannten Heiligen an diesen Festen in Wirklichkeit nie geehrt wurden. Grotefend, der die Belege zuerst anders gedeuter hatte, zog seine frühere Ansicht zurück und akzeptierte diese Ergebnisse. Interessant für unsere Zwecke ist der Terminus "St. Stephan zu Pfingst" für den Pfingstmontag, der in zwei Urkunden - 1361 in Buchsenstein und 1416 in Pankraz im Ultenthal - vorkommt.
Dieser Artikel beschäftigt sich mit der Rezeption des Mittelalters in der Barockzeit am Beispiel von Martin Opitz und den mittelalterlichen Alexandererzählungen. lm Apparat zu seiner Annolied-Ausgabe läßt sich Opitz auf einen längeren Diskurs über den Alexanderstoff ein, wie dieser in mehreren mittelalterlichen Werken vorkommt. Neben dem "Annolied" selbst stellt er hier vor allem die "Kosmographie" des Aethicus von lstrien und ein anonymes Werk mit dem Titel "Excerptum de vita Alexandri Magni" zur Diskussion. Damit beeinflußt er nachhaltig die wissenschaftliche Rezeption von Aethicus in den darauffolgenden Jahrhunderten. Der Artikel umersucht diese Konstellation und bietet nebenbei einige neue Einsichten zum Briefwechsel von Opitz mit seinem wichtigsten Gewährsmann, Claude Saumaise.
In his edition of Jansen Enikel’s "Weltchonik", which first appeared in 1891, Philipp Strauch briefly noted the similarity between a detail in Enikel’s creation story and a couplet in a short verse narrative printed in a collection by Adelbert von Keller. Strauch never elaborated on this parallel, and subsequent scholarship has not pursued it, but the manuscript from which von Keller’s material was drawn, now known as Codex Karlsruhe 408, is an important document and the relationship between it and Jansen Enikel deserves to be explored. Enikel’s "Weltchonik" (Vienna, c. 1272) is a 30,000-line history of the world from the creation to the death of the Emperor Frederick II. Immediately after his prologue, Enikel tells of the creation of the angels and their subsequent rebellion and fall, and only then comes the Biblical story of the creation of the world and of Adam and Eve. Most of this is standard material for the 13th century, but Enikels narrative has one striking and rather unusual feature. While some of the angels rebelled against God and others stood by him, there was a third group who refused to show their colours [...]
"The death of the Emperor Frederick Il in 1250 marked a tuming point in German affairs. When in 1212 the young King of Sicily had taken Germany by storm, driving north his Welf rival Otto IV of Brunswick and securing the support of the German princes, it had seemed that a new golden age had begun. Walther von der Vogelweide at last received his "lêhen", and praised his new patron as "der edel künec, der milte künec". ln Aachen a crusade was proclaimed for the liberation of Jerusalem. Comparisons were made with the Emperor's grandfather, Frederick Barbarossa. The house of Hohenstaufen was again in the ascendency. But these high expectations were always unrealistic. Frederick's crusading vows became a thom in his flesh; his enemies held him to them, but obstructed him as he sought to fulfil them. Much of his energy was taken up in a dual struggle against insurgency in his restive Lombard states, and against the bitter invective of the papal propagandists. Although Innocent lll had been the prime sponsor of the young Emperor, Honorius III became alan·ned at the prospect of a union of the crowns of Sicily and the Empire, and Gregory IX and Innocent IV became determined to break the power of the Hohenstaufen dynasty once and for all. The popes did not have it all their own way. For the most part, the German princes remained loyal, pleased to have an emperor who interfered so little in their affairs. Frederick‘s policy of diplomacy and compromise attracted more sympathy than that of the Pope who refused to meet and treat with him. His early death, however, left his son Conrad IV in a weak position from which he was unable to recover, and within twenty years the last Hohenstaufen rulerwas deposed. The impact of these events on the intellectual climate in Germany was immense. After Frederick's death, there was an upsurge in apocalyptic preaching, and much of the literature of the period was diffused with a sense of nostalgia. It is in this light that we must read the account of the life of Frederick II which is offered by the Viennese patrician, Jansen Enike. Enikel‘s Universal Chronicle ('Weltchronik') recounts the history of the world from Adam to Frederick. It was written about 1272, just four years after the death of Conradin, the last of the Staufen line. Enikel was probably born in the 1230s, and his own lifespan exactly coincided with the years of Hohenstaufen decline. His account ol Frederick's life has limited value as history, but casts an interesting sidelight on the confusion of impressions which had gathered in popular lore. In keeping with the rest of his chronicle, it is anecdotal, falling naturally into ten sections of differing lengths, most of which are to some extent self-contained units. Together, these fill over thirteen hundred lines, making Frederick Enikel's most comprehensively treated post-biblical protagonist; only Moses and David are dealt with at greater length."
"[...] In 1639, Martin Opitz rescued for us the only complete surviving text of the Annolied (circa 1083), and now Graeme Dunphy has made available a reprint of the Opitz edition and with it Opitz’s prologue and notes, a new English translation, and the translator’s informative notes on the translation and on Opitz’s commentary. In his prologue Opitz expresses the purpose of the edition, which is to demonstrate that the German language was inherited by his contemporaries in an unbroken line from earliest times. This is a strikingly early formulation of the romantic thesis the Grimm brothers developed later. Thus by including Opitz’s prologue and notes on his sources and philological explanations, Dunphy gives us the essential tools to re-invigorate research in three areas: Opitz, who is too frequently thought of as a narrowly focused poeticist, the serious study of philology and history in the sixteenth century, and most importantly, the Annolied itself. [...]" Quelle: Maria Dobozy : http://www.iaslonline.de/index.php?vorgang_id=751
"What characterizes the literature of the transition? ln the late medieval period the forms and aspirations of literary endeavor stood in clear continuity with those of the High Middle Ages; but they were also rapidly expanding in scope, with many innovations that would become important for the Renaissance and the Rcformation. [...] Bringing all these elements under a common denominator we may say that the intellectual life of the centuries of transition showed a great openness to new ideas - an openness that stands in contrast both to the more rigid cognitive hierarchies of the High Middle Ages and to the entrenched positions of the Reformation. The resulting diversification of German literature reveals itself in the new forms of writing pioneered by new classes of writers for ever-widening circles of readers. We shall observe this increased diversity in the traditional centers of literary production, the court and the cloister, but even more so in the new literary world of the cities. And we shall see the parallel rise of Iewish literary awareness as belonging in die same broad context."
Als ein Werk des Deutschen Ordens wurde die 'Mitteldeutschen Hiob-Paraphrase' im Jahre 1338 vermutlich in PreuBen vollendet. Die Hiobgeschichte wird hier Vers um Vers nacherzählt, wohl mit dem Ziel, das schwierige Bibelbuch dem noch lateinunkundigen Klosternachwuchs zugänglich zu machen. Alle 42 Kapitel des biblischen Hiobbuches werden hier vollständig in deutsche Verse übersetzt und ausgelegt. Unser Dichter hatte eine lateinische Bibel vor sich mit der 'Glossa ordinaria' am Rand, und die Glosse ist stellenweise mitparaphrasiert worden. Teilweise steht die Exegese in deutlich abgegrenzten, den Text unterbrechenden Einschüben, in denen die Stimme des Dichters den Leser unmittelbar unterrichtet, teilweise aber verschmilzt sie mit den Bibelworten, wobei Hiob und seine Freunde sich selbst kommentieren. Der Text ist aus mehreren Gründen wesentlich länger geworden als die biblische Vorlage. Fast jedes Wort des Bibeltextes wird übersetzt, und die Versform erschwert eine knappe Formulierung. Wichtiges wird zwei- oder dreimal wiederholt und neuer Stoff hinzuefügt. Aber vor allem die Erklärungen und Auslegungen des Dichters tragen dazu bei, daB sich das Werk zu einer Länge von mehr als 15 000 Zeilen ausdehnt und an die Stelle der Poesie des hebräischen Werkes, die noch die lateinische Fassung prägt, ein durchaus lehrhafter Ton tritt. Die außerordentliche Vielfalt des Wortschatzes mit seinem relativ hohen Anteil an 'hapax legomena' macht das Werk für Sprachwissenschaftler besonders interessant, ein Charakteristikum übrigens, das es mit dem hebräischen Urtext gerneinsam hat. Der langatmige didaktische Stil hat jedoch dazu geführt, daß es von Literaturwissenschaftlern kaum untersucht worden ist.
"Im Jahre 1631 schreibt Melchior Goldast "von Haiminsfeld" einen kurzen Brief aus Frankfurt am Main an seinen jüngeren Zeitgenossen Martin Opitz "von Boberfeld", in dem er dessen Komplimete erwidert. Schon seit langer Zeit bewundert er Opitz' Geist. Er spricht von seinen und von Opitz' laufenden Arbeiten, von seinen Plänen für seine berühmte Bibliothek, und am Schluß auch von seiner eigenen Festschrift, die ein ungenannter Freund für ihn herauszugeben beabsichtigte - ob Opitz vielleicht einige Verse beisteuern wollte? Dieser vor kurzem entdeckte und einzige erhaltene Brief aus dem Goldast-Opitz-Schriftwechsel bezeugt, daß der Respekt, den Opitz beispielsweise in seinem Annolied-Kommentar mehrfach vor Goldast äußerte, auf Gegenseitigkeit beruhte. [...]"