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Web archives created by the Internet Archive (IA) (https://archive.org), national libraries and other archiving services contain large amounts of information collected for a time period of over twenty years. These archives constitute a valuable source for research in many disciplines, including the digital humanities and the historical sciences by offering a unique possibility to look into past events and their representation on the Web.
Most Web archive services aim to capture the entire Web (IA) or national top-level domains and are therefore broad in their scope, diverse regarding the topics they contain and the time intervals they cover. Due to the large size and the broad scope it is difficult for interested researchers to locate relevant information in the archives as search facilities are very limited. Many users are more interested in studying smaller and topically coherent event-centric collections of documents contained in a Web archive [1,2]. Such collections can reflect specific events such as elections, or natural disasters, e.g. the Fukushima nuclear disaster (2011) or the German federal elections.
In order to promote the accessibility of biodiversity data in historic and contemporary literature, we introduce a new interdisciplinary project called BIOfid (FID=Fachinformationsdienst, a service for providing specialized information). The project aims at a mobilization of data available in print only by combining digitization of scientific biodiversity literature with the development of innovative text mining tools for complex, eventually semantic searches throughout the complete text corpus. A major prerequisite for the development of such search tools is the provision of sophisticated anatomy ontologies on the one hand, and of complete lists of species names (currently considered valid as well as all synonyms) at a global scale on the other hand. In the initial stage, we chose examples from German publications of the past 250 years dealing with the geographic distribution and ecology of vascular plants (Tracheophyta), birds (Aves), as well as moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera) in Germany. These taxa have been prioritized according to current demands of German research groups (about 50 sites) aiming at analyses and modeling of distribution patterns and their changes through time. In the long term, we aim at providing data and open source software applicable for any taxon and geographic region. For this purpose, a platform for open access journals for long-term availability of professional e-journals will be established. All generated data will also be made accessible through GFBio (German Federation for Biological Data). BIOfid is supported by the LIS-Scientific Library Services and Information Systems program of the German Research Foundation (DFG).
Unter dem Titel "Vade mecum! Nächste Schritte in den Historischen Grundwissenschaften" fand sich am 8. und 9. April 2016 an der Universität zu Köln eine vor allem aus Doktorandinnen und Doktoranden bestehende Gruppe junger Wissenschaftler zu einer von Stefanie Menke und Lena Vosding organisierten Tagung zusammen. Die als offene Diskussion mit Impulsvorträgen konzipierte Veranstaltung war zugleich das diesjährige Treffen des Netzwerks Historische Grundwissenschaften, eines Zusammenschlusses hilfswissenschaftlich arbeitender Nachwuchswissenschaftler verschiedener Disziplinen und Qualifikationsstufen. Das Netzwerk hat sich zum Ziel gesetzt, einerseits eine Plattform für den Austausch und das Sichtbarmachen der eigenen Projekte zu bieten, andererseits die Perspektive des wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchses in die aktuelle Diskussion um die Zukunft der Historischen Grundwissenschaften einzubringen, die derzeit auch vor dem Hintergrund der Digitalisierung und den Entwicklungen innerhalb der Digital Humanities geführt wird. ...
This paper introduces a novel research tool for the field of linguistics: The Linjgujisjtik web portal provides a virtual library which offers scientific information on every linguistic subject. It comprises selected internet sources and databases as well as catalogues for linguistic literature, and addresses an interdisciplinary audience. The virtual library is the most recent outcome of the Special Subject Collection Linguistics of the German Research Foundation (DFG), and also integrates the knowledge accumulated in the Bibliography of Linguistic Literature. In addition to the portal, we describe long-term goals and prospects with a special focus on ongoing efforts regarding an extension towards integrating language resources and Linguistic Linked Open Data.
Europeana provides a common access point to digital cultural heritage objects across different cultural domains among which the libraries. The recent development of the Europeana Data Model (EDM) provide new ways for libraries to experiment with Linked Data. Indeed the model is designed as a framework reusing various wellknown standards developed in the Semantic Web Community, such as the Resource Description Framework (RDF), the OAI Object Reuse and Exchange (ORE), and Dublin Core namespaces. It provides new opportunities for libraries to provide rich and interlinked metadata to the Europeana aggregation.
However to be able to provide data to Europeana, libraries need to create mappings from the librarystandard to EDM. This step involves decisions based on domainspecific requirements and on the possibilities offered by EDM. The crossdomain nature of EDM limiting in some cases the completeness of the mappings, extension of the model have been proposed to accommodate the library needs.
The "Digitised Manuscripts to Europeana" project (DM2E) has created an extension of EDM to optimise the mappings of librarydata for manuscripts. This extension is in the form of subclasses and subproperties that further specialise EDM concepts and properties. It includes spatial creation and publishing information, specific contributor and publication type properties and more.
Furthermore the granularity of the mapping has been extended to allow references and annotations on page level as required for scholarly work. As part of this project the metadata of the Hebrew Manuscripts as well as of the Medieval Manuscripts presented in the Digital Collections of the Frankfurt University Library have been mapped to this extension. This includes links to the Integrated Authority File (GND) of the German National Library with further links to the Virtual International Authority File (VIAF).
Based on this development a new comprehensive mapping from the digitalisation metadata format METS/MODS to EDM has been established for all materials of the Frankfurt Judaica in "Judaica Europeana ". It demonstrates today’s capabilities of the creation of linked Data structures in Europeana based on library catalogue data and structural data from the digitalisation process.
Cultural heritage reconstructed - Compact Memory and the Frankfurt Digital Judaica Collection
(2014)
Compact Memory, the internet archive of German Jewish periodicals, provides free global internet access to the vast majority of German-Jewish newspapers and periodicals of the 19th and 20th century.
Jewish historical newspapers are the invaluable sources that supply direct and detailed information of the transformation process of Jewry and offer new insights into European Jewish history. The use of these historical sources however is extremely difficult, as complete sets of periodicals are very rarely to be found and they are scattered all over the world in different libraries and archives and in different physical formats (paper, microfilm).
Compact Memory contains the 110 most important Jewish German newspapers and periodicals in Central Europe in the period from 1806-1938, covering the complete range of religious, political, social, cultural and academic aspects of Jewish life. The texts are available partly as full-texts, processed by OCR, partly as graphic documents with corresponding index options. The database offers advanced search options, downloading and printing of articles. Thousands of essays of more than 10.000 individual contributors have been bibliographically indexed.
Compact Memory was established by the Judaica Division of the University Library Frankfurt am Main and in charge today in cooperation with the Aachen Chair of German-Jewish Literary History and the Cologne library Germania Judaica.
Compact Memory is one database within the Digital Collection Judaica which being part of Europeana and other digital portals offers resources for the reconstruction and representation of Jewish cultural heritage.
Bibliotheken sind im Erwerbungsalltag mit einer Vielzahl unterschiedlichster Lizenzverträge für die Beschaffung von elektronischen Medien konfrontiert. Dabei nimmt die Komplexität durch das Anwachsen der Zahl der Marktteilnehmer aus Buchhandel und Agenturen, Verlagen und auch der verschiedenen Konsortien sowohl auf nationaler als auch auf internationaler Ebene wie durch die immer größer werdende Vielzahl der Produkte und Lizenzmodelle ständig zu. Die Transaktionskosten bei der Lizenzierung neuer Produkte, aber auch die Aktivitäten zur Verlängerung bestehender Lizenzverträge, steigen proportional mit der Zunahme der Bedeutung und Gewichtung, die elektronische Medienangebote einnehmen. Geschäftsgangmodelle, die ein Verfahren ohne Reibungsverluste garantieren, sind nicht vorhanden - wenn denn ein entsprechendes Problembewusstsein für die Bedeutung und den Wirkungsgrad bestimmter Lizenzvertragsklauseln existiert. Aufgrund der prinzipiell vorhandenen Vertragsfreiheit steht es den Partnern im Grunde frei, einen Vertrag entsprechend den Wünschen und Vorstellungen auszuhandeln. Dies wird in bestimmten Fällen von Vorteil sein, wenn es sich z.B. um Verträge von Konsortien mit Produkteanbietern handelt. Wie aber verhält es sich mit individuell abzuschließenden Lizenzverträgen einzelner Institutionen, z.B. beim Nachkauf von E-Books oder Ergänzungen von weiteren Datenbankprodukten des gleichen Anbieters. In vielen Fällen ist jedesmal ein Lizenzvertrag neu abzuschließen, wobei die minutiöse Lektüre aller Klauseln dringend angeraten sei. Hier würde sich anbieten, den Geschäftsverkehr der Vertragspartner zu vereinfachen, wenn nur schon die Vertragstexte soweit standardisiert wären, dass einheitliche Definitionen und Formulierungen für die einzelnen Regelungspunkte Verwendung fänden und lediglich Sonderabsprachen oder -vereinbarungen als Addenda beizufügen wären.
Vortrag im Rahmen des Symposiums der Universitätsbibliothek Frankfurt am Main in Kooperation mit der Frankfurter Buchmesse 2011 "Economy and Acceptance of Open Access Strategies", am 14.10.2011.
Vortrag im Rahmen des Symposiums der Universitätsbibliothek Frankfurt am Main in Kooperation mit der Frankfurter Buchmesse 2011 "Economy and Acceptance of Open Access Strategies", am 14.10.2011.