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Not your day to die
(1995)
Eight new species of Eucosmocydia Diakonoff are described and illustrated from the Afrotropical region: E. pappeana Brown and Razowski, new species (TL: Kenya); E. deinbolliana Brown and Razowski, new species (TL: Kenya); E. ugandensis Aarvik, new species (TL: Uganda); E. lecaniodiscana Brown and Razowski, new species (TL: Kenya); E. nigeriana Brown and Razowski, new species (TL: Nigeria); E. pancoviana Brown and Razowski, new species (TL: Kenya); E. kirimiriana Brown and Razowski, new species (TL: Kenya); and E. macabensis Brown and Razowski, new species (TL: Mauritius). Three additional species are transferred to the genus: E. hymenosa (Razowski, 2013), new combination (TL: Nigeria); E. chlorobathra (Meyrick, 1911), new combination (TL: Seychelles); and E. trigonoptila (Meyrick, 1921), new combination (TL: Mozambique). We also transfer to the genus E. catamochla (Meyrick, 1932), new combination (TL: Indonesia), the first species recorded outside the Afrotropical region. We recognize two species groups in Eucosmocydia, and this contribution focuses on the oedipus Diakonoff, 1988 group (n = 13 species), the males of which are characterized by a unique flattened lobe from the base of the hindwing. Six species from Kenya were reared exclusively from native fruit of Sapindaceae; E. mixographa (Meyrick) was formerly reported from Fabaceae and Euphorbiaceae.
ZooBank registration. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:AE18CA26-20E8-48D3-ABD0-22A0D9891065
Based upon recent checklists, the moss floras of the Mascarenes (Seychelles, Réunion, Mauritius) is compared. The diversity of species varies much amongst the islands and is lowest in the Seychelles (110 species) but highest in Réunion (366 species), whereas Mauritius has 246 species. Interestingly the young volcanic islands Réunion and Mauritius have much higher species numbers as the Seychelles which were part of the Gondwana continent. The richness of mosses in Réunion is due to the higher altitude (3069m), higher rainfall and the better state of conservation (30% of surface consist of intact forest), whereas the maximum altitude of the other islands hardly exceeds 800 m and most forests are destroyed. The moss flora of the islands have only few species on common and are thus almost not related. All islands have only 33 species in common. The Seychelles, which are situated about 1900 km from Réunion and Mauritius, share only 42 viz. 49 species with the latter. Réunion and Mauritius, which are 170 km away, share only 107 species. This indicates that the factor chance played an important role in the colonization of the islands. Insofar the term “Mascarenes” is a geographical but not a floristic one. The Mascarenes were mainly colonized by species from Africa and Madagascar, but also from SE-Asia und the austral region. The main floristic element is African, which is in contrast to the prevailing trade winds and might indicate that the colonization at least of the young volcanic islands happened during a different wind system in the past.
Einführend wird die Entdeckungs- und Besiedelungsgeschichte der Mascarenen, zu denen Mauritius gehört, an Hand von Karten und Dokumenten zusammengefasst und die strategische Bedeutung der Inselgruppe als 'Stern und Schlüssel des Indischen Ozean' bis in die Gegenwart nachgewiesen. Es folgen Materialien über den Import von Kulis ('indentured labourers') aus Indien seit 1835 ff., als nach Abschaffung der Sklaverei die Zuckerrohr-Wirtschaft von Mauritius zusammenzubrechen drohte. Am Beispiel des 1771 von zwei hohen französischen Kolonialbeamten aus Indien gegründeten 'Bénarès Sugar Estate', eine der ersten Plantagen auf der Insel überhaupt, wird die Entwicklung der modernen Zuckerindustrie von Mauritius bis in die Gegenwart veranschaulicht und im nachfolgenden Kapitel kontrastiert mit den immer noch einfachen Verfahren zur Gewinnung von 'Gur' im Benares-Distrikt des heutigen Indien, wo der Verfasser von 1964 bis 1967 gelebt und seitdem immer wieder zu sozialanthropologischen Fragen gearbeitet hat. Auf Grund der dort zuerst einsetzenden und besonders nachhaltigen Ausbeutung durch die East India Company waren die verarmten Regionen um Benares während des 19. Jahrhunderts das Hauptrekrutierungsgebiet für 'indentured labourers' in die Zucker-Kolonien des British Empire. Daher ist der dortige Hindi-Dialekt 'Bojpuri' noch heute die häufigste der auf Mauritius gesprochenen indischen Sprachen. Die Studie schließt ab mit einem Überblick zur Ausbreitung der ab 1802 in Berlin entwickelten Produktionsverfahren von Rübenzucker sowie einer Reflektion über die besondere Bedeutung von Zucker als 'Baustein des Lebens an und für sich' im Rahmen buddhistischer Erkenntnistheorie von Leere.
Pardosa benadira Caporiacco, 1940 is redescribed, including the hitherto unknown female. The species is here transferred to the genus Wadicosa Zyuzin, 1985. Previously known only from its type locality in Somalia, additional localities for P. benadira in Somalia and Kenya are given. Male and female W. cognata sp. nov. (Kenya: Lake Magadi), male and female W. jocquei sp. nov. (Comoro Islands, Aldabra, Madagascar and Mauritius) and female W. russellsmithi sp. nov. (Mauritius) are described. Pardosa oncka Lawrence, 1927, widely distributed in Africa and redescribed by Kronestedt in 1987, is formally transferred to the genus Wadicosa and new records given.
This book provides useful pointers to help journalists navigate the dilemmas they face in the professional practice. It provides an enlightening overview of the views of Mauritian journalists on their own industry and an in-depth look at the South African model for self-regulation. As part of the ethical approach, the book also reviews the main issues related to gender-sensitive reporting, in view of the significant role the media have to play in gender education. In an age of information overload, over-exposure to a hyper-mediated culture and the rise of user-generated content, journalists increasingly strive to remain relevant. The temptation to use lower standards, resort to sensationalism and even paycheck journalism is strong. Such examples of unethical practice can only further undermine the credibility of a profession which purports to act as a watchdog, a Fourth Estate. Claims that ethics is a private affair no longer hold good. Journalism is a public good and the need to a clear social contract is stronger than ever in a world where transparency and accountability are on the agenda. Mechanisms for ensuring ethical practice are essential and should be hailed as beacons for a stronger journalism.