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Wie der Medienwechsel vom Roman zum Film und die spezifische Medialität von Brief, Buch und Film reflektiert wird, möchte ich an zwei Verfilmungen von Johann Wolfgang Goethes monophonem Briefroman "Die Leiden des jungen Werthers" (1774/87) zeigen. Für Goethes "Werther" verzeichnet die Internet Movie Database 18 Verfilmungen, von denen viele historisierend sind und einige nicht direkt auf Goethes Roman, sondern auf Jules Massenets Oper basieren. Aus den vielen "Werther"-Verfilmungen habe ich zwei ausgesucht, die sich gut ergänzen und über Medialität reflektieren: Egon Günthers historisierende, in der DDR entstandene Verfilmung "Die Leiden des jungen Werthers" von 1976 und Uwe Jansons aktualisierende Adaption "Werther" (D 2008). "Die Leiden des jungen Werthers" ist Egon Günthers letzter Kinofilm in der DDR, der phantasievoll mit der Vorlage umgeht und Systemkritik übt. Mit Uwe Jansons "Werther" analysiere ich eine Verfilmung, die Werthers Geschichte vom 18. ins 21. Jahrhundert versetzt.
Olmis Verfilmung ist mit Roths Text, mit dessen Schweben zwischen Glauben und Ironie durchaus kompatibel. Diese Feststellung wird im folgenden mit einer intermedialen Analyse belegt, die sich auf den Schluß von Vorlage und Verfilmung konzentriert, um Rauminszenierung als Phänomen von Diegesis und Mimesis zu untersuchen.
The subject of this paper is a recent comic movie version of Dante's "Comedy": a 2007 puppet and toy theatre adaptation of the "Inferno" directed by Sean Meredith. It is certainly not the first time that Dante and his theatre of hell appear in this kind of environment. Mickey Mouse has followed Dante's footsteps and very recently a weird bunch of prehistoric animals went a similar path: in part three of the blockbuster "Ice Age" (2009), a new, lippy guide character named Buck uses several Dante quotes and the whole strange voyage can be described as a Dantesque descent into dinosaur hell. In the following pages Ronald de Rooy argues that Meredith's version of Dante's "Inferno" is not only funny and entertaining, but that it is also surprisingly innovative if we compare it to other literature and movies which project Dante's hell or parts of it onto the modern metropolis.
This analysis of the literary comic 'der Spieler' seeks to identify similarities and differences between the text and its pre-text, exploring whether the comic manifests the intentions of Dostoyevsky's literary model 'The Gambler' and asking whether the stylistic tone of the novel is retained in the comic version. The analysis shows that the authors of the comic manage to retain both Dostoyevsky's intentions and his poetic/narrative techniques, while also creating their own verbal and graphic interpretations.
Em 1903, Arthur Schnitzler publicou a peça "Reigen" (port. "A ronda"), a qual apresentava dez diálogos, cada qual se desenvolvendo antes e depois de uma conquista sexual. A obra pretende apresentar comportamentos típicos de diferentes classes sociais através da forma como se comportavam para chegar ao mesmo objetivo. A ciranda sexual apresentada no texto causou comoção em sua época e foi criticada por sua alegada imoralidade. Em 1950, a peça foi transposta para o cinema em um filme de Max Ophüls. Sua obra buscou ser fiel ao original, mas também concedeu uma certa leveza ao tema, o que parece indicar um alargamento nos padrões morais diante o sexo. Em 2012, Fernando Meirelles filmou uma releitura da peça de Schnitzler: "360". Na atualidade, uma era marcada pela liberação sexual, o filme não mantém a leveza dada por Ophüls, mas, pelo contrário, é pesado e trata de relações interpessoais através do prisma do sentimento de culpa provocado por traições ou desejos sexuais reprimidos. Neste artigo, será discutido como a temática do desejo e dos impulsos sexuais trazida por Schnitzler se transformou com a passagem de mais de um século, e como a questão da ética foi modelada a cada obra e seu tempo.
The adaptation of disaster: representations of environmental crises in climate change fiction
(2019)
In light of climate change, the attempt to overcome the gap between the 'Two Cultures' appears more urgent than ever. With climate change being only one of the environmental crises marking the so-called Anthropocene, knowledge production and representations are constantly challenged. The very reason that led to the idea of proclaiming a new geological epoch can be taken as evidence for the collapse of the Cartesian dichotomy between nature and culture. The Anthropocene marks an epoch in Earth's history in which the human species has become a geological force. That is, the effects of industrialized civilization are now forming geological strata that irreversibly change the face of the planet and its future. However, if nature and culture cannot be meaningfully distinguished anymore, how, one might ask, is a divide within academia still of concern? Would it not naturally perish with the insight that what has been regarded as nature has now been thoroughly pervaded by remnants of human actions? To the contrary, the persistence of the gap between the sciences and the humanities is one of the main reasons that complicates the representation and, ultimately, hinders the understanding of the problems which characterize the new epoch. Inability or unwillingness to change behavior on a collective level will most probably lead to environmental, political and social disaster on an unprecedented scale.
Çocuklara yönelik fantastik yazın çevirisi alanında yaptığımız bu çalışmada "The wonderful wizard of Oz" adlı yapıttan yola çıkarak, Türkçe'ye dört farklı çevirisi karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Araştırmamız, çevirmenleri ve yayınevleri farklı olan fantastik çocuk kitabı çevirilerinde uyarlama yapılıp yapılmadığını belirlemeyi amaçlamıştır. Bu incelemenin ayrıca amacı fantastik çocuk kitapları çevirisinde uyarlamanın tek bir yöntem olarak kullanılmasının olumsuz yönüne dikkat çekmek, aynı zamanda da kitapların biçimsel ve içeriksel olarak iyileştirilmesine katkıda bulunmaktır. Çalışma neticesinde elde edilen verilerden sonuçlar çıkarılarak genel bir değerlendirme yapılmış ve çeşitli öneriler sunulmuştur.
Seit einigen Jahren setzt die Filmwirtschaft wieder verstärkt darauf, das breite Publikum mit der Adaption von literarischen Texten in die Kinosäle zu locken. Das Interesse erstreckt sich sowohl auf Klassiker als auch auf Werke der Gegenwartsliteratur: Thomas Manns 'Buddenbrooks', Heinrich Manns 'Henri IV', Theodor Fontanes 'Effi Briest', Martin Walsers 'Ein fliehendes Pferd', Patrick Süskinds 'Das Parfum' und Bernhard Schlinks 'Der Vorleser' wurden innerhalb weniger Jahre auf die Leinwand gebracht. Die Liste lässt sich mit populären Titeln vor allem der jüngeren Literatur fortsetzen, etwa Thomas Brussigs 'Am kürzeren Ende der Sonnenallee', Judith Hermanns Erzählband 'Nichts als Gespenster' (vielleicht die gelungenste der hier genannten 'Literaturverfilmungen', Benjamin Leberts 'Crazy', Sven Regeners 'Herr Lehmann', Frank Goosens 'Liegen lernen' und Martin Suters Romane 'Small World' und 'Lila Lila'. Dieses neu erstarkte Interesse an der Literatur mag auch eine Reaktion auf den florierenden Diskurs über den angeblichen oder tatsächlichen deutschen Bildungsnotstand sein: Wenn die Schule als Bildungsinstitution versagt, muss die Unterhaltungsindustrie versuchen, die klaffenden Löcher zu stopfen, das Heer der Leseunwilligen via Bild mit einem gewissen Maß an Kanonischem zu versorgen. Ich konzentriere mich hier auf zwei 'Literaturverfilmungen', deren Macher offenbar auf eine in zahlreichen Ratgebern und Fachpublikationen zur filmischen Dramaturgie propagierte - aber auch kritisch diskutierte - 'Rezeptur' gesetzt haben, um die Chancen auf einen kommerziellen Erfolg zu erhöhen.
'Perhaps the sodomites should be written out of Dante's "Inferno"', Jarman wrote in his journal on 1 August 1990: 'I'll offer myself as the ghostwriter.' What does he mean by 'ghostwriter' here? How queer is this odd speech-act? What is he offering to do to the homophobic landscape of the "Inferno", that forbiddingly sealed textual prison, with his Hollywood pitchman's casual bid to 'write out' the sodomites as if they were a slight embarrassment to the divine justice system? Is he speaking in jest as a writer of gay satires and sacrilegious memoirs, or in deadly earnest as an activist who had renounced the middle-class pretensions and frivolities of the pre-AIDS gay world? [...] Jarman counters the trope of homosexual theft visually with the triumphant figure of Man with Snake. The Dantesque merging of snake and thief is replaced by an erotic dance in which the gilded youth raises his phallic partner above his head and seductively kisses it on the mouth. Whereas Dante would have us notice the grotesque parody of the Trinity played out in the seventh bolgia - with the unchanging Puccio as God the Father, the two-natured Agnello-Cianfa as Christ, and the fume-veiled Buoso receiving his forked tongue from the serpent Francesco in a demonic replay of the gift of tongues from the Spirit - Jarman clears away all overdetermined theological meanings to revel in the purely aesthetic impact of the phallic dancer. All the ghosts from Dante's snakepit are conjured away in the film and replaced with the solid presence of a single gorgeously spotlit male body. Ghostwriting Dante, for Jarman, meant more than a mere appropriation of homoerotic scenes from the "Inferno" into his screenplay. It meant a complete reimagining of their aesthetic significance within the filmscape of his Dantean transformations.