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Lambda and Antilambda reconstruction in central Pb+Pb collisions using a time projection chamber
(1997)
Yates, Tim A. ; Afanasiev, Sergey V. ; Alber, Thomas ; Appelshäuser, Harald ; Bächler, Joachim ; Bailey, Stephen John ; Barnby, Lee Stuart ; Bartke, Jerzy ; Białkowska, Helena ; Blyth, Charles O. ; Bock, Rudolf ; Bormann, Christian ; Brady, Franklin Paul ; Brockmann, Robert ; Buncic, Nenad ; Bunčić, Predrag ; Caines, Helen Louise ; Cebra, Daniel A. ; Chan, P ; Cooper, Glenn E. ; Cramer, John G. ; Cramer, Pauline B. ; Csató, Péter ; Dietz, Oliver ; Dunn, Jason ; Eckardt, Volker ; Eckhardt, Frank ; Ferguson, M. I. ; Fischer, Hans Gerhard ; Flierl, Dominik Bernhard ; Fodor, Zoltán ; Foka, Panagiota ; Freund, Peter ; Friese, Volker ; Fuchs, M ; Gabler, Frank ; Gál, József ; Gaździcki, Marek ; Gładysz-Dziaduś, Ewa ; Grebieszkow, Jaroslaw ; Günther, Jörg ; Harris, John W. ; Hegyi, Sándor ; Henkel, Torsten ; Hill, L. A. ; Huang, Isaac ; Howe, Mark A. ; Hümmler, Holm Gero ; Igo, George J. ; Irmscher, Detlef ; Jacobs, Peter Martin ; Jones, Peter Graham ; Kadija, Krešo ; Kolesnikov, Vadim I. ; Kowalski, Marek ; Lasiuk, Brian ; Lévai, Péter ; Malakhov, Aleksandr I. ; Margetis, Spyridon ; Markert, Christina ; Melkumov, Georgy L. ; Mock, Andreas ; Molnár, József ; Nelson, John M. ; Odyniec, Grazyna Janina ; Pálla, Gabriella ; Panagiotou, Apostolos D. ; Petridis, Athanasios ; Piper, Andreas ; Porter, R. Jefferson ; Poskanzer, Arthur M. ; Poziombka, Stefan ; Prindle, Duncan J. ; Pühlhofer, Falk ; Rauch, Wolfgang Hans ; Reid, Jeffrey G. ; Renfordt, Rainer Arno Ernst ; Retyk, Waldemar ; Ritter, Hans Georg ; Röhrich, Dieter ; Roland, Christof ; Roland, Gunther ; Rudolph, Heinrich ; Rybicki, Andrzej ; Sakrejda, Iwona ; Sandoval, Andres ; Sann, Hans ; Semenov, Alexei Yu. ; Schäfer, Erich ; Schmischke, Dirk ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Schönfelder, Stefan ; Seyboth, Peter ; Seyerlein, Jürgen ; Siklér, Ferenc ; Skrzypczak, Ewa ; Squier, Gordon Thomas Anderson ; Stock, Reinhard ; Ströbele, Herbert ; Szentpétery, Imre ; Sziklai, János ; Toy, Milton Y. ; Trainor, Thomas A. ; Trentalange, Stephen ; Ullrich, Thomas ; Vassiliou, Maria ; Vesztergombi, György ; Vranić, Danilo ; Wang, Feipeng ; Weerasundara, Dhammika D. ; Wenig, Siegfried ; Whitten, Charles A. ; Wienold, Thomas ; Wood, Lindsay ; Zimányi, József ; Zhu, X Z ; Zybert, Ryszard
The large acceptance time projection chambers of the NA49 experiment are used to record the trajectory of charged particles from Pb + Pb collisions at 158 GeV per nucleon. Neutral strange hadrons have been reconstructed from their charged decay products. To obtain distributions of Λ, and Ks0 in discrete bins of rapidity, y, and transverse momentum, pT, calculations have been performed to determine the acceptance of the detector and the efficiency of the reconstruction software as a function of both variables. The lifetime distributions obtained give values of cτ = 7.8 ± 0.6 cm for Λ and cτ = 2.5 ± 0.3 cm for Ks0, consistent with data book values.
Odyniec, Grazyna Janina ; Afanasiev, Sergey V. ; Alber, Thomas ; Appelshäuser, Harald ; Bächler, Joachim ; Bailey, Stephen John ; Barnby, Lee Stuart ; Bartke, Jerzy ; Białkowska, Helena ; Blyth, Charles O. ; Bock, Rudolf ; Bormann, Christian ; Brady, Franklin Paul ; Brockmann, Robert ; Buncic, Nenad ; Bunčić, Predrag ; Caines, Helen Louise ; Cebra, Daniel A. ; Chan, P. ; Cooper, Glenn E. ; Cramer, John G. ; Cramer, Pauline B. ; Csató, Péter ; Dietz, Oliver ; Dunn, Jason ; Eckardt, Volker ; Eckhardt, Frank ; Ferguson, M. I. ; Fischer, Hans Gerhard ; Flierl, Dominik Bernhard ; Fodor, Zoltán ; Foka, Panagiota ; Freund, Peter ; Friese, Volker ; Fuchs, M. ; Gabler, Frank ; Gál, József ; Gaździcki, Marek ; Gładysz-Dziaduś, Ewa ; Grebieszkow, Jaroslaw ; Günther, Jörg ; Harris, John W. ; Hegyi, Sándor ; Henkel, Torsten ; Hill, L. A. ; Huang, Isaac ; Howe, Mark A. ; Hümmler, Holm Gero ; Igo, George J. ; Irmscher, Detlef ; Jacobs, Peter Martin ; Jones, Peter Graham ; Kadija, Krešo ; Kolesnikov, Vadim I. ; Konashenok, Anton ; Kowalski, Marek ; Lasiuk, Brian ; Lévai, Péter ; Malakhov, Aleksandr I. ; Margetis, Spyridon ; Markert, Christina ; Melkumov, Georgy L. ; Mock, Andreas ; Molnár, József ; Nelson, John M. ; Pálla, Gabriella ; Panagiotou, Apostolos D. ; Petridis, Athanasios ; Piper, Andreas ; Porter, R. Jefferson ; Poskanzer, Arthur M. ; Poziombka, Stefan ; Prindle, Duncan J. ; Pühlhofer, Falk ; Rauch, Wolfgang Hans ; Reid, Jeffrey G. ; Renfordt, Rainer Arno Ernst ; Retyk, Waldemar ; Ritter, Hans Georg ; Röhrich, Dieter ; Roland, Christof ; Roland, Gunther ; Rudolph, Heinrich ; Rybicki, Andrzej ; Sakrejda, Iwona ; Sandoval, Andres ; Sann, Hans ; Semenov, Alexei Yu. ; Schäfer, Erich ; Schmischke, Dirk ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Schönfelder, Stefan ; Seyboth, Peter ; Seyerlein, Jürgen ; Siklér, Ferenc ; Skrzypczak, Ewa ; Squier, Gordon Thomas Anderson ; Stock, Reinhard ; Ströbele, Herbert ; Szentpétery, Imre ; Sziklai, János ; Toy, Milton Y. ; Trainor, Thomas A. ; Trentalange, Stephen ; Ullrich, Thomas ; Vassiliou, Maria ; Vesztergombi, György ; Vranić, Danilo ; Wang, Feipeng ; Weerasundara, Dhammika D. ; Wenig, Siegfried ; Whitten, Charles A. ; Wienold, Thomas ; Wood, Lindsay ; Yates, Tim A. ; Zimányi, József ; Zhu, Xue-Zhou ; Zybert, Ryszard
Using the NA49 main TPC, the central production of hyperons has been measured in CERN SPS Pb - Pb collisions at 158 GeV c-1. The preliminary ratio, studied at 2.0 < y < 2.6 and 1 < pT < 3 GeV c-1, equals ~ (13 ± 4)% (systematic error only). It is compatible, within errors, with the previously obtained ratios for central S + S [1], S + W [2], and S + Au [3] collisions. The fit to the transverse momentum distribution resulted in an inverse slope parameter T of 297 MeV. At this level of statistics we do not see any noticeable enhancement of hyperon production with the increased volume (and, possibly, degree of equilibration) of the system from S + S to Pb + Pb. This result is unexpected and counterintuitive, and should be further investigated. If confirmed, it will have a significant impact on our understanding of mechanisms leading to the enhanced strangeness production in heavy-ion collisions.
Strategic and systematic planning for bioregional landscapes that cross jurisdictions is often hampered by different approaches to collecting, classifying and mapping information on the native vegetation cover in terms of major community types. The network of Australian Alps National Parks is one such multi-jurisdictional bioregional landscape consisting of 11 protected areas spanning 1.6 million hectares across Victoria, New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory. Although the Alps network has a co-operative management program and the parks are listed as National Heritage, there is no common vegetation classification system or map at a scale suitable for management. As part of developing a strategic framework to assist biodiversity conservation for the whole of the Alps Network, a common vegetation classification and map was produced. The new classification utilised existing State vegetation classes and mapping to produce a common system by matching 71 NSW/ACT vegetation groups with 72 Victorian ecological vegetation classes, thereby resulting in 17 common vegetation classes with affinities with other studies described. The 17 vegetation classes also group into five broad vegetation character classes. Expert knowledge was used to match vegetation groups and classes. The resulting classification and map are available as a GIS data layer and as part of a decision support data-pack. This approach provides a low cost method for developing a common vegetation system across multi-jurisdictional landscapes, without replacing State-based systems, and in a format that can be readily updated in light of new field surveys and remotely sensed data. The new classification and map are available for download from an online data repository. This new vegetation information can be applied to help promote a whole-of-landscape approach to planning and management of the Alps Network.
Ganz, Rudolf ; Appelshäuser, Harald ; Bächler, Joachim ; Bailey, Stephen John ; Barna, Daniel ; Barnby, Lee Stuart ; Bartke, Jerzy ; Barton, Robert Allan ; Białkowska, Helena ; Billmeier, Anja ; Blyth, Charles O. ; Bock, Rudolf ; Bormann, Christian ; Brady, Franklin Paul ; Brockmann, Robert ; Brun, René ; Bunčić, Predrag ; Caines, Helen Louise ; Cebra, Daniel A. ; Cooper, Glenn E. ; Cramer, John G. ; Cristinziani, Markus ; Csato, Péter ; Dunn, Jason ; Eckardt, Volker ; Eckhardt, Frank ; Ferguson, M. I. ; Fischer, Hans Gerhard ; Flierl, Dominik Bernhard ; Fodor, Zoltán ; Foka, Panagiota ; Freund, Peter ; Friese, Volker ; Fuchs, M. ; Gabler, Frank ; Gal, József ; Gaździcki, Marek ; Gładysz, Ewa ; Grebieszkow, Jaroslaw ; Gunther, J. ; Harris, John W. ; Hegyi, Sándor ; Henkel, Torsten ; Hill, L. A. ; Huang, Isaac ; Hümmler, Holm Gero ; Igo, George J. ; Irmscher, Detlef ; Jacobs, Peter Martin ; Jones, Peter Graham ; Kadija, Krešo ; Kolesnikov, Vadim I. ; Kowalski, Marek ; Lasiuk, Brian ; Lévai, Péter ; Malakhov, Aleksandr I. ; Margetis, Spyridon ; Markert, Christina ; Melkumov, Georgy L. ; Mock, Andreas ; Molnar, József ; Nelson, John M. ; Oldenburg, Markus D. ; Odyniec, Grazyna Janina ; Palla, Gabriella ; Panagiotou, Apostolos D. ; Petridis, Athanasios ; Piper, Andreas ; Porter, R. Jefferson ; Poskanzer, Arthur M. ; Poziombka, Stefan ; Prindle, Duncan J. ; Puhlhofer, Falk ; Rauch, Wolfgang Hans ; Reid, Jeffrey G. ; Renfordt, Rainer Arno Ernst ; Retyk, Waldemar ; Ritter, Hans Georg ; Röhrich, Dieter ; Roland, Christof ; Roland, Gunther ; Rudolph, Heinrich ; Rybicki, Andrzej ; Sandoval, Andres ; Sann, Hans ; Semenov, Alexei Yu. ; Schäfer, Erich ; Schmischke, Dirk ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Schönfelder, Stefan ; Seyboth, Peter ; Seyerlein, Jürgen ; Sikler, Ferenc ; Skrzypczak, Ewa ; Squier, Gordon Thomas Anderson ; Stock, Reinhard ; Ströbele, Herbert ; Szentpetery, Imre ; Sziklai, János ; Toy, Milton Y. ; Trainor, Thomas A. ; Trentalange, Stephen ; Ullrich, Thomas ; Vassiliou, Maria ; Veres, Gábor I. ; Vesztergombi, György ; Vranić, Danilo ; Wang, Feipeng ; Weerasundara, Dhammika D. ; Wenig, Siegfried ; Whitten, Charles A. ; Wienold, Thomas ; Wood, Lindsay ; Yates, Tim A. ; Zimanyi, József ; Zhu, X.Z. ; Zybert, Ryszard
The large acceptance TPCs of the NA49 spectrometer allow for a systematic multidimensional study of two-particle correlations in different part of phase space. Results from Bertsch-Pratt and Yano-Koonin-Podgoretskii parametrizations are presented differentially in transverse pair momentum and pair rapidity. These studies give an insight into the dynamical space-time evolution of relativistic Pb+Pb collisions, which is dominated by longitudinal expansion.
Friese, Volker ; Afanasiev, Sergey V. ; Alber, Thomas ; Appelshäuser, Harald ; Bächler, Joachim ; Bailey, Stephen John ; Barnby, Lee Stuart ; Bartke, Jerzy ; Białkowska, Helena ; Blyth, Charles O. ; Bock, Rudolf ; Bormann, Christian ; Brady, Franklin Paul ; Brockmann, Robert ; Buncic, Nenad ; Bunčić, Predrag ; Caines, Helen Louise ; Cebra, Daniel A. ; Chan, P ; Cooper, Glenn E. ; Cramer, John G. ; Cramer, Pauline B. ; Csató, Péter ; Dietz, Oliver ; Dunn, Jason ; Eckardt, Volker ; Eckhardt, Frank ; Ferguson, M. I. ; Fischer, Hans Gerhard ; Flierl, Dominik Bernhard ; Fodor, Zoltán ; Foka, Panagiota ; Freund, Peter ; Friese, Volker ; Fuchs, M ; Gabler, Frank ; Gál, József ; Gaździcki, Marek ; Gładysz-Dziaduś, Ewa ; Grebieszkow, Jaroslaw ; Günther, Jörg ; Harris, John W. ; Hegyi, Sándor ; Henkel, Torsten ; Hill, L. A. ; Huang, Isaac ; Howe, Mark A. ; Hümmler, Holm Gero ; Igo, George J. ; Irmscher, Detlef ; Jacobs, Peter Martin ; Jones, Peter Graham ; Kadija, Krešo ; Kolesnikov, Vadim I. ; Kowalski, Marek ; Lasiuk, Brian ; Lévai, Péter ; Malakhov, Aleksandr I. ; Margetis, Spyridon ; Markert, Christina ; Melkumov, Georgy L. ; Mock, Andreas ; Molnár, József ; Nelson, John M. ; Odyniec, Grazyna Janina ; Pálla, Gabriella ; Panagiotou, Apostolos D. ; Petridis, Athanasios ; Piper, Andreas ; Porter, R. Jefferson ; Poskanzer, Arthur M. ; Poziombka, Stefan ; Prindle, Duncan J. ; Pühlhofer, Falk ; Rauch, Wolfgang Hans ; Reid, Jeffrey G. ; Renfordt, Rainer Arno Ernst ; Retyk, Waldemar ; Ritter, Hans Georg ; Röhrich, Dieter ; Roland, Christof ; Roland, Gunther ; Rudolph, Heinrich ; Rybicki, Andrzej ; Sakrejda, Iwona ; Sandoval, Andres ; Sann, Hans ; Semenov, Alexei Yu. ; Schäfer, Erich ; Schmischke, Dirk ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Schönfelder, Stefan ; Seyboth, Peter ; Seyerlein, Jürgen ; Siklér, Ferenc ; Skrzypczak, Ewa ; Squier, Gordon Thomas Anderson ; Stock, Reinhard ; Ströbele, Herbert ; Szentpétery, Imre ; Sziklai, János ; Toy, Milton Y. ; Trainor, Thomas A. ; Trentalange, Stephen ; Ullrich, Thomas ; Vassiliou, Maria ; Vesztergombi, György ; Vranić, Danilo ; Wang, Feipeng ; Weerasundara, Dhammika D. ; Wenig, Siegfried ; Whitten, Charles A. ; Wienold, Thomas ; Wood, Lindsay ; Yates, Tim A. ; Zimányi, József ; Zhu, Xue-Zhou ; Zybert, Ryszard
Preliminary data on phi production in central Pb + Pb collisions at 158 GeV per nucleon are presented, measured by the NA49 experiment in the hadronic decay channel phi - K+K-. At mid-rapidity, the kaons were separated from pions and protons by combining dE/dx and time-of-flight information; in the forward rapidity range only dE/dx identification was used to obtain the rapidity distribution and a rapidity-integrated mt-spectrum. The mid-rapidity yield obtained was dN/dy = 1.85 ± 0.3 per event; the total phi multiplicity was estimated to be 5.0 ± 0.7 per event. Comparison with published pp data shows a slight, but not very significant strangeness enhancement.
Everett, Derek ; Ke, Weiyao ; Paquet, Jean-François ; Vujanovic, Gojko ; Bass, Steffen A. ; Du, Lipei ; Gale, Charles ; Heffernan, Matthew ; Heinz, Ulrich ; Liyanage, Dananjaya ; Luzum, Matthew ; Majumder, Abhijit ; McNelis, Michael ; Shen, Chun ; Xu, Yichun ; Angerami, Aaron ; Cao, Shanshan ; Chen, Y. ; Coleman, Jonathon ; Cunqueiro, Leticia ; Dai, Tianyu ; Ehlers, Raymond ; Elfner, Hannah ; Fan, Wang ; Fries, Rainer J. ; Garza, Fabian ; He, Yayun ; Jacak, Barbara V. ; Jacobs, Peter Martin ; Jeon, Sangyong ; Kim, B. ; Kordell, Michael ; Kumar, Amit ; Mak, Simon ; Mulligan, James D. ; Nattrass, Christine ; Oliinychenko, Dmytro ; Park, Chanwook ; Putschke, Jörn H. ; Roland, Gunther ; Schenke, Björn Peter ; Schwiebert, Loren ; Silva, A. ; Sirimanna, Chathuranga ; Soltz, Ron Ariel ; Tachibana, Yasuki ; Wang, Xin-Nian ; Wolpert, Robert L.
Using combined data from the Relativistic Heavy Ion and Large Hadron Colliders, we constrain the shear and bulk viscosities of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) at temperatures of ∼150–350 MeV. We use Bayesian inference to translate experimental and theoretical uncertainties into probabilistic constraints for the viscosities. With Bayesian model averaging we propagate an estimate of the model uncertainty generated by the transition from hydrodynamics to hadron transport in the plasma’s final evolution stage, providing the most reliable phenomenological constraints to date on the QGP viscosities.
Cortese, Pietro ; Abelev, Betty ; Adam, Jaroslav ; Adamová, Dagmar ; Adare, A. M. ; Aggarwal, Madan Mohan ; Aglieri Rinella, Gianluca ; Agocs, A. G. ; Agostinelli, A. ; Aguilar Salazar, S. ; Ahammed, Zubayer ; Ahmad, Nazeer ; Ahmad Masoodi, A. ; Ahn, Sang Un ; Akindinov, Alexander ; Aleksandrov, Dmitry ; Alessandro, Bruno ; Alfaro Molina, Jose Ruben ; Alici, Andrea ; Alkin, Anton ; Almaraz Avina, E. ; Alme, Johan ; Alt, Torsten ; Altini, V. ; Altinpinar, Sedat ; Altsybeev, Igor ; Andrei, Cristian ; Andronic, Anton ; Anguelov, Venelin ; Anielski, Jonas ; Anson, Christopher Daniel ; Antičić, Tome ; Antinori, Federico ; Antonioli, Pietro ; Aphecetche, Laurent Bernard ; Appelshäuser, Harald ; Arbor, N. ; Arcelli, Silvia ; Arend, A. ; Armesto, Néstor ; Arnaldi, Roberta ; Aronsson, Tomas Robert ; Arsene, Ionut Cristian ; Arslandok, Mesut ; Asryan, A. ; Augustinus, Andre ; Averbeck, Ralf Peter ; Awes, T. C. ; Aysto, J. ; Azmi, Mohd Danish ; Bach, Matthias ; Badalà, Angela ; Baek, Yong Wook ; Bailhache, Raphaëlle ; Bala, Remu ; Baldini Ferroli, Rinaldo ; Baldisseri, Alberto ; Baldit, A. ; Baltasar Dos Santos Pedrosa, Fernando ; Ban, J. ; Baral, Rama Chandra ; Barbera, Roberto ; Barile, Francesco ; Barnaföldi, Gergely Gábor ; Barnby, Lee Stuart ; Barret, Valerie ; Bartke, Jerzy ; Basile, Maurizio ; Bastid, Nicole ; Basu, Sumit ; Bathen, Bastian ; Batigne, Guillaume ; Batyunya, Boris ; Baumann, C. ; Bearden, Ian Gardner ; Beck, Hans ; Belikov, Iouri ; Bellini, Francesca ; Bellwied, Rene ; Belmont-Moreno, Ernesto ; Bencédi, Gyula ; Beolè, Stefania ; Berceanu, Ionela ; Bercuci, Alexandru ; Berdnikov, Yaroslav ; Berényi, Dániel ; Berzano, Dario ; Betev, Latchezar ; Bhasin, Anju ; Bhati, Ashok Kumar ; Bhom, Jihyun ; Bianchi, Nicola ; Bianchi, Livio ; Bianchin, Chiara ; Bielčík, Jaroslav ; Bielčíková, Jana ; Bilandzic, Ante ; Bjelogrlic, Sandro ; Blanco, Fernando ; Blanco, Fernando ; Blau, Dmitry S. ; Blume, Christoph ; Boccioli, M. ; Bock, N. ; Bogdanov, Alexey A. ; Boggild, H. ; Bogolyubsky, M. ; Boldizsar, László ; Bombara, Marek ; Book, Julian ; Borel, Hervé ; Borissov, Alexander ; Bose, S. ; Bossú, Francesco ; Botje, Michiel ; Bottger, Stefan ; Boyer, B. ; Braidot, E. ; Braun-Munzinger, Peter ; Bregant, Marco ; Breitner, Timo ; Browning, Tyler Allen ; Broz, Michal ; Brun, René ; Bruna, Elena ; Bruno, Giuseppe Eugenio ; Budnikov, Dmitry ; Büsching, Henner ; Bufalino, Stefania ; Bugaiev, K. ; Busch, Oliver ; Buthelezi, Edith Zinhle ; Caballero Orduna, D. ; Caffarri, Davide ; Cai, Xiao ; Caines, Helen Louise ; Calvo Villar, Ernesto ; Camerini, Paolo ; Canoa Roman, Veronica ; Cara Romeo, G. ; Carena, Wisla ; Carena, Francesco ; Carlin Filho, N. ; Carminati, F. ; Carrillo Montoya, C. A. ; Casanova Diaz, A. ; Castillo Castellanos, Javier Ernesto ; Castillo Hernández, Juan Francisco ; Casula, E. A.R. ; Catanescu, V. ; Cavicchioli, Costanza ; Ceballos Sanchez, Cesar ; Čepila, Jan ; Cerello, Piergiorgio ; Chang, B. ; Chapeland, Sylvain ; Charvet, Jean-Luc Fernand ; Chattopadhyay, S. ; Chattopadhyay, S. ; Chawla, I. ; Cherney, Michael Gerard ; Cheshkov, Cvetan Valeriev ; Cheynis, Brigitte ; Chibante Barroso, Vasco Miguel ; Chinellato, David Dobrigkeit ; Chochula, Peter ; Chojnacki, Marek ; Choudhury, Subikash ; Christakoglou, Panagiotis ; Christensen, Christian Holm ; Christiansen, Peter L. ; Chujo, Tatsuya ; Chung, Suh-Urk ; Cicalò, Corrado ; Cifarelli, Luisa ; Cindolo, Federico ; Cleymans, Jean Willy Andre ; Coccetti, F. ; Colamaria, Fabio Filippo ; Colella, Domenico ; Conesa Balbastre, Gustavo ; Conesa Del Valle, Zaida ; Constantin, P. ; Contin, Giacomo ; Contreras Nuno, Jesus Guillermo ; Cormier, Thomas Michael ; Corrales Morales, Yasser ; Cortese, Pietro ; Cortes Maldonado, Ismael ; Cosentino, Mauro Rogerio ; Costa, Filippo ; Cotallo, M. E. ; Crescio, E. ; Crochet, Philippe ; Cruz Alaniz, E. ; Cuautle Flores, Eleazar ; Cunqueiro Mendez, Leticia ; Dainese, Andrea ; Dalsgaard, Hans Hjersing ; Danu, Andrea ; Das, K. ; Das, Indranil ; Das, Debasish ; Dash, Ajay Kumar ; Dash, Sadhana ; De, Sudipan ; De Barros, G. O.V. ; De Caro, Annalisa ; De Cataldo, Giacinto ; Cuveland, Jan de ; De Falco, Alessandro ; De Gruttola, Daniele ; Delagrange, H. ; Del Castillo Sanchez, E. ; Deloff, Andrzej ; Demanov, V. ; De Marco, Nora ; Denes, Ervin Sandor ; De Pasquale, Salvatore ; Deppman, A. ; Erasmo, G. D. ; De Rooij, R. ; Diaz Corchero, Miguel Angel ; Di Bari, Domenico ; Dietel, Thomas ; Di Giglio, C. ; Di Liberto, S. ; Di Mauro, Antonio ; Di Nezza, Pasquale ; Divià, Roberto ; Djuvsland, Øystein ; Dobrin, Alexandru Florin ; Dobrowolski, Tadeusz Antoni ; Dominguez, I. ; Donigus, Benjamin ; Dordic, Olja ; Driga, O. ; Dubey, Anand Kumar ; Ducroux, Laurent ; Dupieux, Pascal ; Dutta Majumdar, A. K. ; Dutta Majumdar, M. R. ; Elia, Domenico ; Emschermann, D. ; Engel, Heiko ; Erdal, H. A. ; Espagnon, Bruno ; Estienne, Magali Danielle ; Esumi, ShinIchi ; Evans, David ; Eyyubova, Gyulnara ; Fabris, Daniela ; Faivre, Julien ; Falchieri, D. ; Fantoni, Alessandra ; Fasel, Markus ; Fearick, R. ; Fedunov, A. ; Fehlker, D. ; Feldkamp, Linus ; Felea, Daniel ; Fenton-Olsen, B. ; Feofilov, Grigori A. ; Fernández Téllez, Arturo ; Ferretti, Alessandro ; Ferretti, R. ; Figiel, Jan ; Figueredo, M. A.S. ; Filchagin, Sergey ; Finogeev, Dmitry ; Fionda, Fiorella Maria Celeste ; Fiore, Enrichetta Maria ; Floris, Michele ; Foertsch, Siegfried Valentin ; Foka, Panagiota ; Fokin, Sergey ; Fragiacomo, Enrico ; Fragkiadakis, M. ; Frankenfeld, Ulrich ; Fuchs, Ulrich ; Furget, Christophe ; Fusco Girard, Mario ; Gaardhoje, J. J. ; Gagliardi, Martino ; Gago, A. ; Gallio, Mauro ; Gangadharan, Dhevan Raja ; Ganoti, Paraskevi ; Garabatos, Chilo ; Garcia-Solis, Edmundo Javier ; Garishvili, I. ; Gerhard, J. ; Germain, Marie ; Geuna, C. ; Gheata, Mihaela ; Gheata, Andrei George ; Ghidini, B. ; Ghosh, Premomoy ; Gianotti, Paola ; Girard, M. R. ; Giubellino, Paolo ; Gładysz-Dziaduś, Ewa ; Glässel, Peter ; Gomez, R. ; Gonzalez Ferreiro, Elena ; González Trueba, Laura Helena ; González Zamora, Pedro ; Gorbunov, Sergey ; Goswami, A. ; Gotovac, Sven ; Grabski, Varlen ; Graczykowski, Łukasz Kamil ; Grajcarek, R. ; Grelli, Alessandro ; Grigoraș, Costin ; Grigoras, Alina Gabriela ; Grigoriev, Vladislav A. ; Grigoryan, Smbat ; Grigoryan, Ara ; Grinyov, Boris V. ; Grion, Nevio ; Gros, P. ; Große-Oetringhaus, Jan Fiete ; Grossiord, J. Y. ; Grosso, Raffaele ; Guber, Fedor ; Guernane, Rachid ; Guerra Gutierrez, C. ; Guerzoni, Barbara ; Guilbaud, Maxime Rene Joseph ; Gulbrandsen, Kristjan Herlache ; Gunji, Taku ; Gupta, Ramni ; Gupta, Anik ; Gutbrod, H. ; Haaland, Øystein Senneset ; Hadjidakis, Cynthia Marie ; Haiduc, Maria ; Hamagaki, Hideki ; Hamar, Gergö ; Han, B. H. ; Hanratty, Luke David ; Hansen, Alexander ; Harmanova, Z. ; Harris, John W. ; Hartig, M. ; Hasegan, D. ; Hatzifotiadou, Despina ; Hayrapetyan, A. ; Heckel, Stefan Thomas ; Heide, Markus ; Helstrup, Håvard ; Herghelegiu, Andrei Ionut ; Herrera Corral, Gerardo Antonio ; Herrmann, Norbert ; Hetland, Kristin Fanebust ; Hicks, B. ; Hille, P. T. ; Hippolyte, Boris ; Horaguchi, T. ; Hori, Y. ; Hristov, Peter ; Hřivnačova, I. ; Huang, M. ; Humanic, Thomas J. ; Hwang, Dae Sung ; Ichou, R. ; Ilkaev, Radiy ; Ilkiv, Iryna ; Inaba, Motoi ; Incani, E. ; Innocenti, P. G. ; Innocenti, G. M. ; Ippolitov, Mikhail ; Irfan, M. ; Ivan, C. ; Ivanov, V. ; Ivanov, A. ; Ivanov, Marian ; Ivanytskyi, O. ; Jacholkowski, Adam Wlodzimierz ; Jacobs, Peter Martin ; Jancurova, L. ; Jang, Haeng Jin ; Jangal, S. ; Janik, R. ; Janik, Malgorzata Anna ; Jayarathna, P. H.S.Y. ; Jena, Satyajit ; Jha, D. M. ; Jiménez Bustamante, Raúl Tonatiuh ; Jirden, L. ; Jones, Peter Graham ; Jung, H. ; Jusko, Anton ; Kaidalov, A. B. ; Kakoyan, V. ; Kalcher, S. ; Kaliňak, Peter ; Kalisky, M. ; Kalliokoski, T. ; Kalweit, Alexander Philipp ; Kanaki, K. ; Kang, Ju Hwan ; Kaplin, Vladimir ; Karasu Uysal, Ayben ; Karavichev, Oleg V. ; Karavicheva, Tatiana L. ; Karpechev, Evgeny ; Kazantsev, Andrey ; Kebschull, Udo ; Keidel, Ralf ; Khan, M. M. ; Khan, Shuaib Ahmad ; Khanzadeev, Alexei ; Kharlov, Yury ; Kileng, Bjarte ; Kim, J. S. ; Kim, D. W. ; Kim, S. H. ; Kim, J. H. ; Kim, M. ; Kim, D. J. ; Kim, B. ; Kim, T. ; Kim, S. ; Kirsch, Stefan ; Kisel, Ivan ; Kiselev, Sergej N. ; Kisiel, Adam Ryszard ; Klay, Jennifer Lynn ; Klein, Jochen ; Klein-Bösing, Christian ; Kliemant, Michael ; Kluge, Alexander ; Knichel, Michael Linus ; Knospe, Anders Garritt ; Koch, K. ; Köhler, Markus Konrad ; Kolojvari, Anatoly ; Kondratiev, Valery P. ; Kondratyeva, Natalia ; Konevskikh, Artem ; Korneev, A. ; Kour, R. ; Kowalski, Marek ; Kox, Serge ; Koyithatta Meethaleveedu, Greeshma ; Kral, Jiří ; Králik, Ivan ; Kramer, F. ; Kraus, Ingrid ; Krawutschke, T. ; Křelina, Michal ; Kretz, Matthias ; Krivda, Marian ; Krizek, Filip ; Krus, M. ; Kryshen, Evgeny ; Krzewicki, Mikolaj ; Kucheriaev, Yury ; Kuhn, Christian Claude ; Kuijer, Paulus Gerardus ; Kurashvili, Podist ; Kurepin, Alexander ; Kurepin, Alexey B. ; Kuryakin, Alexey ; Kushpil, V. ; Kushpil, Svetlana ; Kvaerno, H. ; Kweon, Min Jung ; Kwon, Youngil ; Ladron de Guevara, Pedro ; Lakomov, Igor ; Langoy, Rune ; La Pointe, Sarah Louise ; Lara Martinez, Camilo Ernesto ; Lardeux, Antoine Xavier ; La Rocca, Paola ; Lazzeroni, C. ; Lea, Ramona ; Le Bornec, Y. ; Lechman, M. ; Lee, S. C. ; Lee, K. S. ; Lefevre, F. ; Lehnert, Jörg ; Leistam, L. ; Lenhardt, M. ; Lenti, Vito ; Leon, H. ; Leon Monzon, Ildefonso ; Leon Vargas, H. ; Lévai, Péter ; Lien, Jørgen André ; Lietava, Roman ; Lindal, Svein ; Lindenstruth, Volker ; Lippmann, Christian ; Lisa, Michael A. ; Liu, L. ; Lønne, Per-Ivar ; Loggins, Vera Renee ; Loginov, Vitaly ; Lohn, S. ; Lohner, D. ; Loizides, Constantinos ; Loo, K. K. ; Lopez, Xavier Bernard ; López Torres, Ernesto ; Lovhoiden, G. ; Lu, X. G. ; Lüttig, Philipp ; Lunardon, Marcello ; Luo, J. ; Luparello, Grazia ; Luquin, L. ; Luzzi, C. ; Ma, R. ; Ma, K. ; Madagodahettige-Don, D. M. ; Maevskaya, Alla ; Mager, Magnus ; Mahapatra, D. P. ; Maire, Antonin ; Malaev, Mikhail ; Maldonado Cervantes, Ivonne Alicia ; Malinina, Liudmila ; Mal’Kevich, Dmitry ; Malzacher, Peter ; Mamonov, Alexander ; Manceau, Loic Henri Antoine ; Mangotra, L. ; Manko, Vladislav ; Manso, Franck ; Manzari, Vito ; Mao, Yaxian ; Marchisone, Massimiliano ; Mareš, Jiří ; Margagliotti, Giacomo Vito ; Margotti, Anselmo ; Marin, Ana ; Marin Tobon, C. A. ; Markert, Christina ; Martashvili, Irakli ; Martinengo, Paolo ; Martínez Hernández, Mario Iván ; Martinez Davalos, A. ; Martínez Garcia, Ginés ; Martynov, Yevgen ; Mas, Alexis Jean-Michel ; Masciocchi, Silvia ; Masera, Massimo ; Masoni, Alberto ; Massacrier, Laure Marie ; Mastromarco, Mario ; Mastroserio, Annalisa ; Matthews, Z. L. ; Matyja, Adam Tomasz ; Mayani, D. ; Mayer, Christoph ; Mazer, Joel Anthony ; Mazzoni, Alessandra Maria ; Meddi, Franco ; Menchaca-Rocha, Arturo Alejandro ; Mercado Pérez, Jorge ; Meres, Michal ; Miake, Yasuo ; Milano, Leonardo ; Milošević, Jovan ; Mischke, André ; Mishra, Aditya Nath ; Miśkowiec, Dariusz Czesław ; Mitu, C. ; Mlynarz, J. ; Mohanty, A. K. ; Mohanty, Bedangadas ; Molnar, Levente ; Montaño Zetina, Luis Manuel ; Monteno, M. ; Montes Prado, Esther ; Moon, T. ; Morando, Maurizio ; Godoy, Denise Aparecida Moreira de ; Moretto, Sandra ; Morsch, Andreas ; Muccifora, Valeria ; Mudnic, Eugen ; Muhuri, Sanjib ; Mukherjee, Maitreyee ; Muller, H. ; Munhoz, Marcelo Gameiro ; Musa, Luciano ; Musso, A. ; Nandi, Basanta Kumar ; Nania, Rosario ; Nappi, Eugenio ; Nattrass, Christine ; Naumov, N. P. ; Navin, S. ; Nayak, Tapan Kumar ; Nazarenko, Sergey ; Nazarov, G. ; Nedosekin, Alexander ; Nicassio, Maria ; Nielsen, Borge Svane ; Niida, Takafumi ; Nikolaev, Sergey ; Nikolic, V. ; Nikulin, Vladimir ; Nikulin, Sergey ; Nilsen, B. S. ; Nilsson, M. S. ; Noferini, Francesco ; Nomokonov, Petr V. ; Nooren, Gerardus ; Novitzky, Norbert ; Nyanin, Alexander ; Nyatha, A. ; Nygaard, C. ; Nystrand, Joakim Ingemar ; Ochirov, A. ; Oeschler, Helmut ; Oh, S. ; Oh, Sun Kun ; Oleniacz, Janusz ; Oppedisano, Chiara ; Ortiz Velasquez, Antonio ; Ortona, G. ; Oskarsson, Anders Nils Erik ; Ostrowski, P. ; Otwinowski, Jacek Tomasz ; Oyama, Ken ; Ozawa, K. ; Pachmayer, Yvonne C. ; Pachr, Miloš ; Padilla, F. ; Pagano, Paola ; Paić, Guy ; Painke, F. ; Pajares Vales, Carlos ; Pal, Susanta Kumar ; Pal, S. ; Palaha, A. ; Palmeri, A. ; Papikyan, Vardanush ; Pappalardo, Giuseppe Salvatore ; Park, WooJin ; Passfeld, Annika ; Pastirčak, B. ; Patalakha, D. I. ; Paticchio, Vincenzo ; Pavlinov, A. ; Pawlak, Tomasz Jan ; Peitzmann, Thomas ; Pereira da Costa, Hugo Denis Antonio ; De Oliveira Filho, E. Pereira ; Peresunko, Dmitry Yurevich ; Pérez Lara, Carlos Eugenio ; Pérez Lezama, Edgar ; Perini, D. ; Perrino, D. ; Peryt, Wiktor Stanislaw ; Pesci, A. ; Peskov, Vladimir ; Pestov, Yury N. ; Petráček, Vojtech ; Petran, M. ; Petris, M. ; Petrov, P. ; Petrovici, Mihai A. ; Petta, Catia ; Piano, Stefano ; Piccotti, A. ; Pikna, Miroslav ; Pillot, Philippe ; Pinazza, Ombretta ; Pinsky, Lawrence ; Pitz, N. ; Piyarathna, Danthasinghe B. ; Płoskoń, Mateusz ; Pluta, Jan Marian ; Pocheptsov, T. ; Pochybova, Sona ; Podesta Lerma, P. L.M. ; Poghosyan, Martin G. ; Polak, K. ; Polichtchouk, Boris ; Pop, Amalia ; Porteboeuf-Houssais, Sarah Julie ; Pospišil, V. ; Potukuchi, B. ; Prasad, Sidharth Kumar ; Preghenella, Roberto ; Prino, Francesco ; Pruneau, Claude A. ; Pshenichnov, Igor A. ; Puchagin, S. ; Puddu, Giovanna ; Pujol Teixido, J. ; Pulvirenti, A. ; Punin, Valery ; Putiš, M. ; Putschke, Jörn H. ; Quercigh, E. ; Qvigstad, Henrik ; Rachevski, Alexandre ; Rademakers, A. ; Radomski, S. ; Raiha, T. S. ; Rak, Jan ; Rakotozafindrabe, Andry Malala ; Ramello, Luciano ; Ramirez Reyes, A. ; Raniwala, Rashmi ; Raniwala, Sudhir ; Räsänen, Sami Sakari ; Rascanu, Bogdan Theodor ; Rathee, Deepika ; Read, Kenneth Francis ; Real, Jean-Sébastien ; Redlich, Krzysztof ; Reichelt, Patrick ; Reicher, Martijn ; Renfordt, Rainer Arno Ernst ; Reolon, Anna Rita ; Reshetin, Andrey ; Rettig, Felix Vincenz ; Revol, J. P. ; Reygers, Klaus ; Riccati, L. ; Ricci, Renato Angelo ; Richert, Tuva Ora Herenui ; Richter, Matthias ; Riedler, Petra ; Riegler, Werner ; Riggi, Francesco ; Rabacal, B. Rodrigues Fernandes ; Cahuantzi, M. Rodriguez ; Manso, A. Rodriguez ; Røed, Ketil ; Rohr, David ; Röhrich, Dieter ; Romita, Rosa ; Ronchetti, Federico ; Rosnet, Philippe ; Rossegger, S. ; Rossi, Andrea ; Roukoutakis, Filimon ; Roy, Pradip Kumar ; Roy, Christelle Sophie ; Rubio Montero, Antonio Juan ; Rui, Rinaldo ; Ryabinkin, Evgeny ; Rybicki, Andrzej ; Sadovskiy, Sergey ; Šafařík, Karel ; Sahoo, Raghunath ; Sahu, Pradip Kumar ; Saini, Jogender ; Sakaguchi, H. ; Sakai, Shingo ; Sakata, D. ; Salgado, Carlos A. ; Salzwedel, Jai ; Sambyal, Sanjeev Singh ; Samsonov, Vladimir ; Sanchez Castro, Xitzel ; Šándor, Ladislav ; Sandoval, Andres ; Sano, S. ; Sano, Masato ; Santo, R. ; Santoro, R. ; Sarkamo, J. ; Scapparone, Eugenio ; Scarlassara, Fernando ; Scharenberg, Rolf Paul ; Schiaua, Claudiu Cornel ; Schicker, Rainer ; Schmidt, Christian Joachim ; Schmidt, Hans Rudolf ; Schreiner, S. ; Schuchmann, Simone ; Schukraft, Jürgen ; Schutz, Yves Roland ; Schwarz, Kilian ; Schweda, Kai ; Scioli, Gilda ; Scomparin, Enrico ; Scott, Rebecca Michelle ; Scott, P. A. ; Segato, G. ; Selyuzhenkov, Ilya ; Senyukov, Serhiy ; Seo, Jeewon ; Serci, S. ; Serradilla, Eulogio ; Sevcenco, Adrian ; Sgura, I. ; Shabetai, Alexandre ; Shabratova, G. ; Shahoyan, Ruben ; Sharma, Natasha ; Sharma, S. ; Shigaki, Kenta ; Shimomura, Maya ; Shtejer, Katherin ; Sibiriak, Yury ; Siciliano, M. ; Sicking, E. ; Siddhanta, Sabyasachi ; Siemiarczuk, Teodor ; Silvermyr, David Olle Rickard ; Silvestre, Catherine Micaela ; Simonetti, Giuseppe ; Singaraju, Rama Narayana ; Singh, R. ; Singha, Subhash ; Sinha, Bikash ; Sinha, Tinku ; Sitar, Branislav ; Sitta, Mario ; Skaali, Toralf Bernhard ; Skjerdal, K. ; Smakal, R. ; Smirnov, N. ; Snellings, Raimond ; Sogaard, C. ; Soltz, Ron ; Son, H. ; Song, M. ; Song, J. ; Soos, C. ; Soramel, Francesca ; Sputowska, Iwona Anna ; Spyropoulou-Stassinaki, Martha ; Srivastava, Brijesh Kumar ; Stachel, Johanna ; Stan, Ionel ; Stan, Ionel ; Stefanek, Grzegorz ; Steinbeck, T. ; Steinpreis, M. ; Stenlund, Evert Anders ; Steyn, Gideon Francois ; Stiller, Johannes Hendrik ; Stocco, Diego ; Stolpovskiy, M. ; Strabykin, K. ; Strmen, Peter ; Suaide, A. A.P. ; Subieta Vasquez, Martin Alfonso ; Sugitate, Toru ; Suire, Christophe Pierre ; Sukhorukov, M. ; Sultanov, Rishat ; Šumbera, Michal ; Šuša, Tatjana ; De Toledo, A. Szanto ; Szarka, Imrich ; Szostak, A. ; Tagridis, C. ; Takahashi, Jun ; Tapia Takaki, Jesus Daniel ; Tauro, Arturo ; Tejeda Muñoz, Guillermo ; Telesca, Adriana ; Terrevoli, Cristina ; Thäder, Jochen ; Thomas, Deepa ; Tieulent, Raphael Noel ; Timmins, Anthony Robert ; Tlusty, David ; Toia, Alberica ; Torii, H. ; Toscano, L. ; Truesdale, David Christopher ; Trzaska, Wladyslaw Henryk ; Tsuji, Tomoya ; Tumkin, Alexandr ; Turrisi, Rosario ; Tveter, Trine Spedstad ; Ulery, Jason Glyndwr ; Ullaland, Kjetil ; Ulrich, Jiri ; Uras, Antonio ; Urban, J. ; Urciuoli, G. M. ; Usai, Gianluca ; Vajzer, Michal ; Vala, Martin ; Valencia Palomo, Lizardo ; Vallero, Sara ; Kolk, Naomi van der ; Vyvre, Pierre vande ; Leeuwen, Marco van ; Vannucci, L. ; Vargas Treviño, Maria Aurora Diozcora ; Varma, Raghava ; Vasileiou, Maria ; Vasiliev, Andrey ; Vechernin, Vladimir ; Veldhoen, Misha ; Venaruzzo, Massimo ; Vercellin, Ermanno ; Vergara, S. ; Vernet, Renaud ; Verweij, Marta ; Vicković, Linda ; Viesti, Giuseppe ; Vikhlyantsev, O. ; Vilakazi, Zabulon ; Villalobos Baillie, Orlando ; Vinogradov, Alexander A. ; Vinogradov, Leonid ; Vinogradov, Yury I. ; Virgili, Tiziano ; Viyogi, Yogendra P. ; Vodopyanov, Alexander ; Voloshin, Sergei ; Voloshin, Kirill ; Volpe, Giacomo ; Haller, Barthélémy von ; Vranić, Danilo ; Ovrebekk, G. ; Vrlakova, Janka ; Vulpescu, Bogdan ; Vyushin, Alexey ; Wagner, Boris ; Wagner, V. ; Wan, R. ; Wang, Y. ; Wang, D. ; Wang, Y. ; Wang, M. ; Watanabe, K. ; Wessels, Johannes P. ; Westerhoff, Uwe ; Wiechula, Jens ; Wikne, Jon ; Wilde, Martin ; Wilk, Grzegorz Andrzej ; Wilk, A. ; Williams, M. C.S. ; Windelband, Bernd ; Karampatsos, L. Xaplanteris ; Yaldo, Chris G. ; Yang, H. ; Yang, S. ; Yasnopolskiy, S. ; Yi, J. ; Yin, Zhongbao ; Yoo, In-Kwon ; Yoon, J. ; Yu, W. ; Yuan, X. ; Yushmanov, Igor E. ; Zach, C. ; Zampolli, Chiara ; Zaporozhets, Sergey ; Zarochentsev, Andrey ; Závada, Petr ; Zaviyalov, Nikolaj ; Zbroszczyk, Hanna Paulina ; Zelnicek, P. ; Zgura, Ion-Sorin ; Zhalov, Mikhail ; Zhang, H. ; Zhang, X. ; Zhou, D. ; Zhou, F. ; Zhou, Y. ; Zhu, X. ; Zhu, J. ; Zhu, J. ; Zichichi, Antonino ; Zimmermann, Alice ; Zinovjev, Gennady M. ; Zoccarato, Y. ; Zynovyev, M.
The ALICE Zero Degree Calorimeter system (ZDC) is composed of two identical sets of calorimeters, placed at opposite sides with respect to the interaction point, 114 meters away from it, complemented by two small forward electromagnetic calorimeters (ZEM). Each set of detectors consists of a neutron (ZN) and a proton (ZP) ZDC. They are placed at zero degrees with respect to the LHC axis and allow to detect particles emitted close to beam direction, in particular neutrons and protons emerging from hadronic heavy-ion collisions (spectator nucleons) and those emitted from electromagnetic processes. For neutrons emitted by these two processes, the ZN calorimeters have nearly 100% acceptance.
During the √sNN = 2.76 TeV Pb-Pb data-taking, the ALICE Collaboration studied forward neutron emission with a dedicated trigger, requiring a minimum energy deposition in at least one of the two ZN. By exploiting also the information of the two ZEM calorimeters it has been possible to separate the contributions of electromagnetic and hadronic processes and to study single neutron vs. multiple neutron emission.
The measured cross sections of single and mutual electromagnetic dissociation of Pb nuclei at √sNN = 2.76 TeV, with neutron emission, are σsingle EMD = 187:4 ± 0.2 (stat.)−11.2+13.2 (syst.) b and σmutual EMD = 5.7 ± 0.1 (stat.) ±0.4 (syst.) b, respectively [1]. This is the first measurement of electromagnetic dissociation of 208Pb nuclei at the LHC energies, allowing a test of electromagnetic dissociation theory in a new energy regime. The experimental results are compared to the predictions from a relativistic electromagnetic dissociation model.
Bächler, Joachim ; Bartke, Jerzy ; Białkowska, Helena ; Bock, Rudolf ; Brockmann, Robert ; Bunčić, Predrag ; Chase, S. I. ; Derado, Ivan ; Eckardt, Volker ; Eschke, Jürgen ; Ferenc, Daniel ; Fleischmann, B. ; Foka, Panagiota ; Fuchs, Michael ; Gaździcki, Marek ; Gładysz-Dziaduś, Ewa ; Harris, John W. ; Heck, Wilfried ; Hoffmann, Matthias ; Jacobs, Peter Martin ; Kabana, Sonia ; Kadija, Krešo ; Keidel, Ralf ; Kosiec, Jacek ; Kowalski, Marek ; Kühmichel, Andreas ; Lahanas, Michael ; Lee, Jae-Yun ; Ljubičić, Ante ; Margetis, Spyridon ; Morse, Richard J. ; Nappi, Eugenio ; Odyniec, Grazyna Janina ; Paic, Guy ; Panagiotou, Apostolos D. ; Petridis, Athanasios ; Piper, Andreas ; Posa, Francesco ; Poskanzer, Arthur M. ; Pugh, Howel G. ; Pühlhofer, Falk ; Rai, Gulshan ; Rauch, Wolfgang Hans ; Renfordt, Rainer Arno Ernst ; Röhrich, Dieter ; Roland, Gunther ; Rothard, Hermann ; Runge, Kay ; Sandoval, Andres ; Schambach, Joachim ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Schmoetten, Emile ; Schneider, Ingo ; Seyboth, Peter ; Seyerlein, Jürgen ; Skrzypczak, Ewa ; Stefański, Piotr ; Stock, Reinhard ; Ströbele, Herbert ; Teitelbaum, Lawrence Paul ; Tincknell, Mark L. ; Tonse, Shaheen ; Vasileiadis, Georgios ; Vesztergombi, György ; Vranić, Danilo ; Wenig, Siegfried
The transverse momentum and rapidity distributions of negative hadrons and participant protons have been measured for central 32S+ 32S collisions at plab=200 GeV/c per nucleon. The proton mean rapidity shift < Delta y>~1.6 and mean transverse momentum <pT>~0.6 GeV/c are much higher than in pp or peripheral AA collisions and indicate an increase in the nuclear stopping power. All pT spectra exhibit similar source temperatures. Including previous results for K0s Lambda , and Lambda -bar, we account for all important contributions to particle production.
Appelshäuser, Harald ; Bächler, Joachim ; Bailey, Stephen John ; Barnby, Lee Stuart ; Bartke, Jerzy ; Barton, Robert Allan ; Białkowska, Helena ; Blyth, Charles O. ; Bock, Rudolf ; Bormann, Christian ; Brady, Franklin Paul ; Brockmann, Robert ; Buncic, Nenad ; Bunčić, Predrag ; Caines, Helen Louise ; Cebra, Daniel A. ; Cooper, Glenn E. ; Cramer, John G. ; Csató, Péter ; Dunn, Jason ; Eckardt, Volker ; Eckhardt, Frank ; Ferguson, M. I. ; Fischer, Hans Gerhard ; Flierl, Dominik Bernhard ; Fodor, Zoltán ; Foka, Panagiota ; Freund, Peter ; Friese, Volker ; Fuchs, Matthias ; Gabler, Frank ; Gál, József ; Gaździcki, Marek ; Gładysz-Dziaduś, Ewa ; Grebieszkow, Jaroslaw ; Günther, Jörg ; Harris, John W. ; Hegyi, Sándor ; Henkel, Torsten ; Hill, L. A. ; Huang, Isaac ; Hümmler, Holm Gero ; Igo, George J. ; Irmscher, Detlef ; Jacobs, Peter Martin ; Jones, Peter Graham ; Kadija, Krešo ; Kolesnikov, Vadim I. ; Kowalski, Marek ; Lasiuk, Brian ; Lévai, Péter ; Malakhov, Aleksandr I. ; Margetis, Spyridon ; Markert, Christina ; Melkumov, Georgy L. ; Mock, Andreas ; Molnár, József ; Nelson, John M. ; Odyniec, Grazyna Janina ; Pálla, Gabriella ; Panagiotou, Apostolos D. ; Petridis, Athanasios ; Piper, Andreas ; Porter, R. Jefferson ; Poskanzer, Arthur M. ; Poziombka, Stefan ; Prindle, Duncan J. ; Pühlhofer, Falk ; Rauch, Wolfgang Hans ; Reid, Jeffrey G. ; Renfordt, Rainer Arno Ernst ; Retyk, Waldemar ; Ritter, Hans Georg ; Röhrich, Dieter ; Roland, Christof ; Roland, Gunther ; Rudolph, Heinrich ; Rybicki, Andrzej ; Sandoval, Andres ; Sann, Hans ; Semenov, Alexei Yu. ; Schäfer, Erich ; Schmischke, Dirk ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Schönfelder, Stefan ; Seyboth, Peter ; Seyerlein, Jürgen ; Siklér, Ferenc ; Skrzypczak, Ewa ; Squier, Gordon Thomas Anderson ; Stock, Reinhard ; Ströbele, Herbert ; Szentpétery, Imre ; Sziklay, János ; Toy, Milton Y. ; Trainor, Thomas A. ; Trentalage, Stephen ; Ullrich, Thomas ; Vassiliou, Maria ; Vesztergombi, György ; Voloshin, Sergei ; Vranić, Danilo ; Wang, F. ; Weerasundara, Dhammika D. ; Wenig, Siegfried ; Whitten, Charles A. ; Wienold, Thomas ; Wood, Lindsay ; Yates, Tim A. ; Zimányi, József ; Zybert, Ryszard
The directed and elliptic flow of protons and charged pions has been observed from the semi-central collisions of a 158 GeV/nucleon Pb beam with a Pb target. The rapidity and transverse momentum dependence of the flow has been measured. The directed flow of the pions is opposite to that of the protons but both exhibit negative flow at low pt. The elliptic flow of both is fairly independent of rapidity but rises with pt. PACS numbers: 25.75.-q, 25.75.Ld
Appelshäuser, Harald ; Bächler, Joachim ; Bailey, Stephen John ; Barnby, Lee Stuart ; Bartke, Jerzy ; Barton, Robert Allan ; Białkowska, Helena ; Billmeier, Anja ; Blyth, Charles O. ; Bock, Rudolf ; Bormann, Christian ; Brady, Franklin Paul ; Brockmann, Robert ; Brun, René ; Bunčić, Predrag ; Caines, Helen Louise ; Cebra, Daniel A. ; Cooper, Glenn E. ; Cramer, John G. ; Csato, Peter ; Dunn, Jason ; Eckardt, Volker ; Eckhardt, Frank ; Ferguson, M. I. ; Fischer, Hans Gerhard ; Flierl, Dominik Bernhard ; Fodor, Zoltan ; Foka, Panagiota ; Freund, Peter ; Friese, Volker ; Fuchs, Matthias ; Gabler, Frank ; Gal, Jozsef ; Gaździcki, Marek ; Gładysz-Dziaduś, Ewa ; Grebieszkow, Jaroslaw ; Günther, Jörg ; Harris, John W. ; Hegyi, Sandor ; Henkel, Torsten ; Hill, L. A. ; Huang, Isaac ; Hümmler, Holm Gero ; Igo, George J. ; Irmscher, Detlef ; Jacobs, Peter Martin ; Jones, Peter Graham ; Kadija, Krešo ; Kolesnikov, Vadim I. ; Kowalski, Marek ; Lasiuk, Brian ; Lévai, Peter ; Malakhov, Aleksandr I. ; Margetis, Spyridon ; Markert, Christina ; Melkumov, Georgy L. ; Mock, Andreas ; Molnár, József ; Nelson, John M. ; Oldenburg, Markus D. ; Odyniec, Grazyna Janina ; Palla, Gabriella ; Panagiotou, Apostolos D. ; Petridis, Athanasios ; Piper, Andreas ; Porter, R. Jefferson ; Poskanzer, Arthur M. ; Poziombka, Stefan ; Prindle, Duncan J. ; Pühlhofer, Falk ; Rauch, Wolfgang Hans ; Reid, Jeffrey G. ; Renfordt, Rainer Arno Ernst ; Retyk, Waldemar ; Ritter, Hans Georg ; Röhrich, Dieter ; Roland, Christof ; Roland, Gunther ; Rudolph, Heinrich ; Rybicki, Andrzej ; Sandoval, Andres ; Sann, Hans ; Semenov, Alexei Yu. ; Schäfer, Erich ; Schmischke, Dirk ; Schmitz, Norbert ; Schönfelder, Stefan ; Seyboth, Peter ; Seyerlein, Jürgen ; Sikler, Ferenc ; Skrzypczak, Ewa ; Squier, Gordon Thomas Anderson ; Stock, Reinhard ; Ströbele, Herbert ; Szentpetery, Imre ; Sziklay, Janos ; Toy, Milton Y. ; Trainor, Thomas A. ; Trentalage, Stephen ; Ullrich, Thomas ; Vassiliou, Maria ; Vesztergombi, György ; Voloshin, Sergei ; Vranić, Danilo ; Wang, Feipeng ; Weerasundara, Dhammika D. ; Wenig, Siegfried ; Whitten, Charles A. ; Wienold, Thomas ; Wood, Lindsay ; Yates, Tim A. ; Xu, Nu ; Zimanyi, Jozsef ; Zhu, Xue-Zhou ; Zybert, Ryszard
Two-particle correlation functions of negative hadrons over wide phase space, and transverse mass spectra of negative hadrons and deuterons near mid-rapidity have been measured in central Pb+Pb collisions at 158 GeV per nucleon by the NA49 experiment at the CERN SPS. A novel Coulomb correction procedure for the negative two-particle correlations is employed making use of the measured oppositely charged particle correlation. Within an expanding source scenario these results are used to extract the dynamic characteristics of the hadronic source, resolving the ambiguities between the temperature and transverse expansion velocity of the source, that are unavoidable when single and two particle spectra are analysed separately. The source shape, the total duration of the source expansion, the duration of particle emission, the freeze-out temperature and the longitudinal and transverse expansion velocities are deduced.