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Institute
- Physik (228) (remove)
The first study of ϕ-meson production in p–Pb collisions at forward and backward rapidity, at a nucleon–nucleon centre-of-mass energy √sNN=5.02 TeV, has been performed with the ALICE apparatus at the LHC. The ϕ-mesons have been identified in the dimuon decay channel in the transverse momentum (pT) range 1<pT<7 GeV/c, both in the p-going (2.03<y<3.53) and the Pb-going (−4.46<y<−2.96) directions — where y stands for the rapidity in the nucleon–nucleon centre-of-mass — the integrated luminosity amounting to 5.01±0.19 nb−1 and 5.81±0.20 nb−1, respectively, for the two data samples. Differential cross sections as a function of transverse momentum and rapidity are presented. The forward–backward ratio for ϕ-meson production is measured for 2.96<|y|<3.53, resulting in a ratio ∼0.5 with no significant pT dependence within the uncertainties. The pT dependence of the ϕ nuclear modification factor RpPb exhibits an enhancement up to a factor 1.6 at pT=3–4 GeV/c in the Pb-going direction. The pT dependence of the ϕ-meson cross section in pp collisions at √s=2.76 TeV, which is used to determine a reference for the p–Pb results, is also presented here for 1<pT<5 GeV/c and 2.5<y<4, for a 78±3 nb−1 integrated luminosity sample.
The first study of ϕ-meson production in p-Pb collisions at forward and backward rapidity, at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy sNN−−−√=5.02~TeV, has been performed with the ALICE apparatus at the LHC. The ϕ-mesons have been identified in the dimuon decay channel in the transverse momentum (pT) range 1<pT<7 GeV/c, both in the p-going (2.03<y<3.53) and the Pb-going (−4.46<y<−2.96) directions, where y stands for the rapidity in the nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass, the integrated luminosity amounting to 5.01±0.19~nb−1 and 5.81±0.20~nb−1, respectively, for the two data samples. Differential cross sections as a function of transverse momentum and rapidity are presented. The forward-backward ratio for ϕ-meson production is measured for 2.96<|y|<3.53, resulting in a ratio ∼0.5 with no significant pT dependence within the uncertainties. The pT dependence of the ϕ nuclear modification factor RpPb exhibits an enhancement up to a factor 1.6 at pT = 3-4 GeV/c in the Pb-going direction. The pT dependence of the ϕ-meson cross section in pp collisions at s√ = 2.76 TeV, which is used to determine a reference for the p-Pb results, is also presented here for 1<pT<5 GeV/c and 2.5<y<4 for a 78±3~nb−1 integrated luminosity sample.
The first study of ϕ-meson production in p-Pb collisions at forward and backward rapidity, at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy sNN−−−√=5.02~TeV, has been performed with the ALICE apparatus at the LHC. The ϕ-mesons have been identified in the dimuon decay channel in the transverse momentum (pT) range 1<pT<7 GeV/c, both in the p-going (2.03<y<3.53) and the Pb-going (−4.46<y<−2.96) directions, where y stands for the rapidity in the nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass, the integrated luminosity amounting to 5.01±0.19~nb−1 and 5.81±0.20~nb−1, respectively, for the two data samples. Differential cross sections as a function of transverse momentum and rapidity are presented. The forward-backward ratio for ϕ-meson production is measured for 2.96<|y|<3.53, resulting in a ratio ∼0.5 with no significant pT dependence within the uncertainties. The pT dependence of the ϕ nuclear modification factor RpPb exhibits an enhancement up to a factor 1.6 at pT = 3-4 GeV/c in the Pb-going direction. The pT dependence of the ϕ-meson cross section in pp collisions at s√ = 2.76 TeV, which is used to determine a reference for the p-Pb results, is also presented here for 1<pT<5 GeV/c and 2.5<y<4 for a 78±3~nb−1 integrated luminosity sample.
An invariant differential cross section measurement of inclusive π0 and η meson production at mid-rapidity in pp collisions at s√=8 TeV was carried out by the ALICE experiment at the LHC. The spectra of neutral mesons π0 and η were measured in transverse momentum ranges of 0.3<pT<35 GeV/c and 0.5<pT<35 GeV/c, respectively. Next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculations using fragmentation functions DSS14 for π0 and AESSS for η overestimate the cross sections of both neutral mesons, but agree with the measured η/π0 ratio within uncertainties. The results are also compared with PYTHIA~8.2 predictions for which the Monash~2013 tune yields the best agreement with the measured neutral meson spectra. The measurements confirm a universal behavior of the η/π0 ratio seen for NA27, PHENIX and ALICE data for pp collisions from s√=27.5 GeV to s√=8 TeV within experimental uncertainties. A relation between the π0 and η production cross sections for pp collisions at s√=8 TeV is given by mT scaling for pT>3.5 GeV/c. However, a deviation from this empirical scaling law is observed for transverse momenta below pT<3.5 GeV/c in the η/π0 ratio with a significance of 6.2σ.
The pT-differential production cross section of prompt Λ+c charmed baryons was measured with the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in pp collisions at s√=7 TeV and in p-Pb collisions at sNN−−−√=5.02 TeV at midrapidity. The Λ+c and Λ¯¯¯¯−c were reconstructed in the hadronic decay modes Λ+c→pK−π+, Λ+c→pK0S and in the semileptonic channel Λ+c→e+νeΛ (and charge conjugates). The measured values of the Λ+c/D0 ratio, which is sensitive to the c-quark hadronisation mechanism, and in particular to the production of baryons, are presented and are larger than those measured previously in different colliding systems, centre-of-mass energies, rapidity and pT intervals, where the Λ+c production process may differ. The results are compared with the expectations obtained from perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics calculations and Monte Carlo event generators. Neither perturbative QCD calculations nor Monte Carlo models reproduce the data, indicating that the fragmentation of heavy-flavour baryons is not well understood. The first measurement at the LHC of the Λ+c nuclear modification factor, RpPb, is also presented. The RpPb is found to be consistent with unity and with that of D mesons within the uncertainties, and consistent with a theoretical calculation that includes cold nuclear matter effects and a calculation that includes charm quark interactions with a deconfined medium.
In April and May 2012 data on Au+Au collisions at beam energies of Ekin = 1.23A GeV were recorded with the High Acceptance Di-Electron Spectrometer, which is located at the GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research in Darmstadt, Germany. At this beam energy all hadrons containing strangeness are produced below their elementary production threshold. The required energy is not available in binary NN collisions but must be provided by the system e.g. through multi-particle interactions or medium effects like a modified in-medium potential (e.g. KN/ΛN potential). Thus, a high sensitivity to these medium effects is expected in the investigated system.
The baryon-dominated systems created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions (HIC) at SIS18 energies reach densities of about 2-3 times ground state density p0 and may be similar to the properties of matter expected in the inner core of neutron stars. It is in particular the behavior of hadrons containing strangeness, i.e. kaons and hyperons, and their potentials in the dense medium which may have severe implications on astrophysical objects and processes. As ab-initio calculations of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) cannot be performed rigorously on the lattice at finite baryo-chemical potentials due to the fermion sign problem, effective descriptions have to be used in order to model properties of dense systems and the involved particles. The only way to access the in-medium potential of strange hadrons above nuclear ground state density p0 is by comparing data from relativistic HIC to such effective microscopic models. Up to now, not much data on neutral kaons and Λ hyperons are available from heavy collision systems close to their NN production threshold. These two electromagnetically uncharged strange hadrons are in particular well suited to study their potential in a dense nucleon-dominated environment as their kinematic spectra are not affected by Coulomb interactions.
What is the magnetic field distribution for the equation of state of magnetized neutron stars?
(2017)
In this Letter, we report a realistic calculation of the magnetic field profile for the equation of state inside strongly magnetized neutron stars. Unlike previous estimates, which are widely used in the literature, we find that magnetic fields increase relatively slowly with increasing baryon chemical potential (or baryon density) of magnetized matter. More precisely, the increase is polynomial instead of exponential, as previously assumed. Through the analysis of several different realistic models for the microscopic description of stellar matter (including hadronic, hybrid and quark models) combined with general relativistic solutions endowed with a poloidal magnetic field obtained by solving Einstein–Maxwell's field equations in a self-consistent way, we generate a phenomenological fit for the magnetic field distribution in the stellar polar direction to be used as input in microscopic calculations.