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Die Arbeit widmet sich in umfassender Analyse dem Gesamtwerk des deutschen Barockdichters Friedrichs von Logau (1605–1655). Diese beruht in erster Linie auf der zu Lebzeiten erschienenen Ausgabe der Epigramme und Gedichte, 'Salomons von Golaw Deutscher Sinn-Getichte Drey Tausend' (1654). Betrachtet wird die Entwicklung der Gattung des Epigramms in der deutschen Literatur und die besonderen Ausprägungen epigrammatischer Dichtkunst in der Barockzeit, ihre Stilmerkmale und ihr rhetorisch überformter Charakter. Eingehend diskutiert werden sodann die Versuche der wissenschaftlichen Definition und Verortung des Epigramms in der Theorie des 16. bis 20. Jahrhunderts und eine eigene Charakteristik der Epigramme Logaus erarbeitet. Die Untersuchung analysiert auch das breiten Spektrum der Gattung des literarischen Epigramms im Werk Logaus und die verwendeten poetischen Verfahren. Darüber hinaus kommen die patriotischen Aspekte seiner Dichtung in den Blick, und es werden die Quellen der seiner Nachdichtungen und die Anspielungen auf zeitgenössische Ereignisse vorgestellt. Ein Ausblick auf die Rezeption von Logaus epigrammatischem Werk vom Ausgang des 17. Jahrhundert bis zur Gegenwart schließt sich an. Leitlinien der Untersuchungen durch den Verf. war die Erarbeitung der religiösen Weltsicht des Dichters, der gnomischen Weisheitslehre und die Aufdeckung der Verbindung zwischen dem Titel seines Werkes und der biblischen Spruchweisheit. Die Idee ist die eines "Buches der Sprüche des neues Salomo" und verkörpert sich in der Sammlung der Epigramme. Der Verfasser versucht auf der Grundlage genauer Examination des Werks die geistige Konzeption seines Werkes darzulegen und die Epigramm-Sammlung Logaus als universelles Buch der Sprüche über die Welt und das menschliche Leben zu deuten. In den Anhängen der Dissertation zeichnet der Verfasser den Lebensweg des Dichters nach und bietet eine Übersicht zu den literarischen Übersetzungen seiner Epigramme in andere Sprachen.
Zeugen in der Kunst
(2016)
Der vorliegende Band nimmt künstlerische Auseinandersetzungen mit Zeugenschaft im Film, im Theater, in der Literatur, in der Bildenden Kunst und in der Performancekunst in den Blick und stellt dabei grundlegende Fragen: Was gilt als Zeugnis und wer ist ein Zeuge? Wie verhalten sich Zeugnis, Wahrheit und Fiktion zueinander? Wie wird Zeugenschaft, wie wird die epistemische und moralische Rolle von Zeugnissen in der Kunst reflektiert und kommentiert? Dabei werden gattungsspezifische Aspekten der jeweiligen Kunstformen herausgearbeitet, aber auch allgemeinere Fragen über das Verhältnis von Kunst und Zeugenschaft thematisiert. Gewinnen wir, indem wir uns mit künstlerischer Zeugenschaft auseinandersetzen, auch einen neuen Blick auf Begriff und Phänomen von Zeugenschaft? Oder ist ein solch allgemeiner Begriff von Zeugenschaft gar nicht anzustreben angesichts der kaum überschaubaren Fülle unterschiedlicher Phänomene des Zeugnisgebens? Fragen über Fragen, auf welche dieser Band Antworten sucht. Doch wir möchten an dieser Stelle auch einige Thesen darüber artikulieren, welche Facetten von Zeugenschaft ganz spezifisch durch Kunst in den Blick geraten – und wodurch sich insbesondere die künstlerische Auseinandersetzung mit Zeugenschaft vom Umgang mit Zeugen und Zeuginnen in anderen Kontexten unterscheidet.
The post-2000 period in Zimbabwe saw the launch of a fast track land reform programme, resulting in a flurry of accounts from white Zimbabweans about how they saw the land, the land invasions, and their own sense of belonging and identity. In White Narratives, Irikidzayi Manase engages with this fervent output of texts seeking definition of experiences, conflicts and ambiguities arising from the land invasions. He takes us through his study of texts selected from the memoirs, fictional and non-fictional accounts of white farmers and other displaced white narrators on the post-2000 Zimbabwe land invasions, scrutinising divisions between white and black in terms of both current and historical ideology, society and spatial relationships. He examines how the revisionist politics of the Zimbabwean government influenced the politics of identities and race categories during the period 2000-2008, and posits some solutions to the contestations for land and belonging.
As Julius Nyerere once noted, Africa has largely been the continent of peace, though this fact has not been widely publicised. In reality, Africa possesses dynamic potentials for resolving contradictions and violent ruptures that colonial authorities, post-colonial states and global actors have failed to capture and capitalise upon. Drawing on the everyday experience of rural and urban people in Zimbabwe, South Africa, Namibia and Zambia, this book brings into conversation leading Japanese scholars of Southern Africa with their African colleagues. The result is an exploration in comparative perspective of the fascinating richness of bottom-up 'African potentials' for conflict resolution in Southern Africa, a region burdened with the legacy of settler capitalism and contemporary neoliberalism. The book is a pacesetter on how to think and research Africa in fruitful collaboration and with an ear to the nuances and complexities of the dynamic and lived realities of Africans.
Wenn man davon ausgeht, dass "jede Wahrheit ihr Haus, ihren angestammten Palast, in der Sprache hat", dann kommt der Terminologie eine entscheidende Bedeutung zu. Der terminus (lat. für 'Grenzstein') markiert eine Grenze, die dem Denken einen Spielraum erschließt und es dadurch ermöglicht. Bekanntlich werden Grenzen gesetzt, um früher oder später überschritten zu werden. Jede Grenzziehung erscheint somit als Vorbereitung einer Reihe von Entgrenzungen, jede Definition als Einladung zur Protest gegen ihre als willkürlich oder zu eng empfundenen Demarkationslinien. Nun gehört es zu den spezifischen Merkmalen von Walter Benjamins Denk- und Schreibweise, dass er meistens mit Konzepten arbeitet, die er nicht eindeutig definiert – z. B. 'Mythos', 'göttliche Gewalt', 'Lehre', 'Erlösung' –, oder deren Definitionen gänzlich offen bleiben – wie z. B. im Falle von 'Ursprung', 'Aura' oder 'dialektisches Bild'. Nicht selten wirken seine denkwürdigen Definitionen nicht als Antworten auf die Frage nach dem Wesen, sondern als Rätsel, die dem Leser eine Art Schock versetzen, von dem er zu weiteren Fragen angeregt wird. Dieser poetische Umgang mit der Terminologie wurde bekanntlich von den deutschen Romantikern herausgearbeitet, wie Benjamin in seiner Dissertation zum frühromantischen Begriff der Kunstkritik ausführlich zeigt. In Bezug auf Friedrich Schlegels Stil schreibt er z. B.: "Die Terminologie ist die Sphäre, in welcher jenseits von Diskursivität und Anschaulichkeit sich sein Denken bewegt. Denn der Terminus, der Begriff enthielt für ihn den Keim des Systems, war im Grunde nichts anderes als ein präformiertes System selbst." Die vorliegende Arbeit möchte diese Einsicht auch für die Lektüre der Schriften Benjamins nutzbar machen. Denn sein Denken war wie das Schlegelsche "nicht systematisch entfaltet, wohl aber durchaus systematisch orientiert". Je mehr man sich in seine Schriften einarbeitet, umso häufiger fallen die auf Anhieb ungeahnten correspondances auf, die seine Begriffe miteinander unterhalten. Das gilt auch für den Begriff des Eingedenkens, an dessen Leitfaden sich die systematische Ausrichtung seines Denkens in der Vielfalt seiner Themen, Bilder und Motiven gut beobachten lässt.
Dies ist eine Festschrift für Detlef Brandes zum 75. Geburtstag. Ein Vorwort für sie zu verfassen, ist kein leichtes Unterfangen, denn die beeindruckende wissenschaftliche Arbeit und die Tätigkeit von Detlef Brandes sind schon vor zehn Jahren in der Festschrift zum 65. Geburtstag ausführlich gewürdigt worden. Der inzwischen leider verstorbene Hans Lemberg zeichnete damals den wissenschaftlichen Lebensweg des Jubilars in bewegender Weise nach, von den Archivstudien des jungen Doktoranden in der Tschechoslowakei der 1960er Jahre über die Tätigkeit am Collegium Carolinum in München, an der Freien Universität Berlin und die internationalen Wanderjahre, die ihn nach Florenz, New York, Stanford und Sapporo geführt hatten, bis er nach einem kurzen Intermezzo in Oldenburg 1991 auf die Stiftungsprofessur für "Kultur und Geschichte der Deutschen im östlichen Europa" an die Heinrich-Heine-Universität in Düsseldorf berufen wurde. ...
Annette Schemmel provides a highly illuminating case study of the major actors, discourses and paradigm that shaped the history of visual arts in Cameroon during the second part of the 20th century. Her book meticulously reconstructs the multiple ways of artistic knowledge acquisition - from the consolidation of the 'Système de Grands Frères' in the 1970s to the emergence of more discursively oriented small artists' initiatives which responded to the growing NGO market of social practice art opportunities in the 2000s. Based on archival research, participant observation and in depth interviews with art practitioners in Douala and Yaoundé, this study is a must read for everyone who wants to better understand the vibrant artistic scenes in countries like Cameroon, which until today lack a proper state-funded infrastructure in the arts.
This volume critically interrogates, from different angles and dimensions, the resilience of conflict and violence into 21st century Africa. The demise of European colonial administration in Africa in the 1960s wielded fervent hope for enduring peace for the people of Africa. Regrettably, conflict alongside violence in all its dimensions physical, religious, political, psychological and structural remain unabated and occupy central stage in contemporary Africa. The resilience of conflict and violence on the continental scene invokes unsettling memories of the past while negatively influencing the present and future of crafting inclusive citizenship and statehood. The book provides fresh insightful ethnographic and intellectual material for rethinking violence and conflict, and for fostering long-lasting peace and political justice on the continent and beyond. With its penetrating focus on conflict and associated trajectories of violence in Africa, the book is an inestimable asset for conflict management practitioners, political scientists, historians, civil society activists and leaders in economics and politics as well as all those interested in the affairs of Africa.
Verses From My Roost
(2016)
'...this collection is both poetry and a reflection on poetry, on the creative process. In deceptively minimalist style characteristic of seasoned bards and a diction charged with intricate conceits, John Ngong Kum Ngong launches a scathing onslaught on the ruling barons of post-colonial nations who have privatised the nations' wealth and power.' Dr. Gilbert Ndi Shang, Bayreuth University, Germany
Urgency of a New Dawn is the cry of most Southern Cameroonians against those who they experience to be an oppressive, Machiavellian, hostile, parasitising, captor-like, secessionist, assimilationist, discriminatory, and dehumanising la République du Cameroun, to which they were annexed through misleading UN and UK politics and Politics as a condition toward their independence from the UK in 1961. Extrapolating only on these two territories, Urgency of a New Dawn is no less the sweeping story of one too many other peoples across Africa, tormented by the heedless partitioning of the continent by colonisers and the consequential neo-patrimonial and ethnic African Politics and politics of belonging. Forced either into spaces that were never theirs, or pushed out of spaces that they struggle to claim and/or prove theirs, many African peoples today find themselves engaging in endless battles, not against colonisers but against fellow black Africans, for the survival of their essence, their culture, languages, traditions, dignity, modes of being and identification, right to equality, and freedom.
Die philologisch-kulturwissenschaftliche Studie "Täuschend, ähnlich" untersucht Fälschung und Plagiat als komplementär aufeinander bezogene Praktiken. Sie liest sie explizit als Symptome kulturhistorischer Brennpunkte und epistemischer Krisenmomente. Dabei werden ganz konkrete Fallbeispiele aus den Feldern von Philologie, Psychoanalyse, Naturwissenschaften und Poetologie mit theoretischen Erörterungen zu Fälschung bzw. Plagiat aus diesen Disziplinen konstelliert. Mit Fälschung und das Plagiat werden Figuren vorgestellt, die in besonderer Weise als Entstellung auf die 'offizielle' Geschichte des Wissens und der Kultur zurückweisen: Es wird gezeigt, dass diese ebenso wie Irrtümer und Fehler feste Bestandteile unserer Kultur- und Wissensgeschichte sind und diese sogar häufig befördern. Vor allem aber soll der Sachverhalt produktiv gemacht werden, dass Fälschungen und Plagiate, gerade weil sie als Störungen gelten, rückwirkend Auskunft über die kulturellen Ordnungen – die Wissenschaften oder Künste – geben können, in denen sie sich ereignen. Berücksichtigt wird auch die Faszinationsgeschichte der Fälschung und des Plagiats. Findet diese doch ihren besonderen Ausdruck darin, dass Literatur und Kunstwerke nicht nur gefälscht bzw. plagiiert werden, sondern dies ihrerseits zum Thema machen und mit künstlerischen Mitteln durcharbeiten.
This book presents a comparative history of slavery and the transition from slavery to free labour in Zanzibar and Mauritius, within the context of a wider comparative study of the subject in the Atlantic and Indian Ocean worlds. Both countries are islands, with roughly the same size of area and populations, a common colonial history, and both are multicultural societies. However, despite inhabiting and using the same oceanic space, there are differences in experiences and structures which deserve to be explored. In the nineteenth century, two types of slave systems developed on the islands while Zanzibar represented a variant of an Indian Ocean slave system, Mauritius represented a variant of the Atlantic system yet both flourished when the world was already under the hegemony of the global capitalist mode of production. This comparison, therefore, has to be seen in the context of their specific historical conjunctures and the types of slave systems in the overall theoretical conception of modes of production within which they manifested themselves, a concept that has become unfashionable but which is still essential. The starting point of many such efforts to compare slave systems has naturally been the much-studied slavery in the Atlantic region which has been used to provide a paradigm with which to study any type of slavery anywhere in the world. However, while Mauritian slavery was 100 per cent colonial slavery, slavery in Zanzibar has been described as Islamic slavery. Both established plantation economies, although with different products, Zanzibar with cloves and Mauritius with sugar, and in both cases, the slaves faced a potential conflictual situation between former masters and slaves in the post-emancipation period. Another interesting focus in this book is the largely un-researched subject of female slaves. In Zanzibar, the privileged role of the suria whose status was defined by Sharia law was explored; and in Mauritius, the manumission of female slaves was explored as they formed the majority among manumitted slaves. The book will certainly prove helpful to those involved in comparing the Atlantic slave system with that of the Indian Ocean for the better understanding of both.
Scholars, especially those interested in understanding how leadership has inhibited academic freedom and hindered effectiveness of institutions of higher learning have for long been engaged by the very important manner in which governance and leadership of higher education institutions in Africa is constituted and managed. The fact that there has been a dearth of work based on the experiences of those who have served as university leaders has created a major gap. Questions remain on how leaders of higher education institutions are identified, how they are prepared, the personal predispositions that individuals bring to the exercise of such positions and their personal experiences regarding what energizes or inhibits the performance of their work. Until recently, presidents in most African countries served as chancellors of public universities, identification of those who served as university leaders was largely a political process. But much has changed, with most countries establishing oversight bodies and the overall governance of higher education institutions divorced from the day-to-day political processes. Trails in Academic and Administrative Leadership in Kenya provides a personal account of the experiences in higher education leadership from an individual whose tenure in leadership straddled the two eras. In this book, Prof. Michieka provides an account of how his early education prepared him for roles in academic and institutional leadership in Kenya. The author shares his experiences on the trails he had to navigate as an academic, a vice-chancellor and a chairperson of university council at a time when universities in Kenya were transiting from extreme government administrative control to a greater degree of operational autonomy. Readers will find in this work thought-provoking insights on how leaders of higher education institutions in Kenya have had to balance between demands of the political system and the need to safeguard academic traditions in the everyday management of the institutions.
The dawn of the twenty-first century heralded an apparent change of fortunes for most sub-Saharan African economies, with annual growth averaging over 5% for fifteen years. However, this was not accompanied by structural transformation: poverty, food insecurity, unemployment and inequality persist. Structural transformation has not been - and indeed cannot be - delivered by market forces and neo-liberal economic policies; it requires a state committed to development, and to achieving it in a democratic way. To what extent do the countries of Southern Africa exhibit the characteristics of such a 'developmental state'? What steps, if any, do they need to take in order to become one? The book answers the questions with respect to South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Zimbabwe, Angola and Malawi. Godfrey Kanyenze and his colleagues have assembled a distinguished team of writers to take the temperature of the regional political economy, and chart a path for its future development.
This book questions the politicization/depoliticization of women's and feminists' organizations in the context of globalization. It explores some African pathways, in particular those of South Africa and Senegal. Extending beyond the notions of neoliberalism and 'gender digital divide', the author is searching, through the ICT use of those organizations, the inhibiting factors or the genesis of political action, and particularly the mechanisms of institutionalization. Palmieri shows that the impact of ICT and gender inequality combine to worsen and accelerate social hierarchies and may paradoxically create spaces where non-dominated gendered knowledge emerge. She dissociates domination and power. This book introduces new directions for feminist epistemology. Contemporary societies, strongly foot-printed by digital connection, are mixing the coloniality of power and patriarchy, and this dual system of domination can produce epistemic creation.
This book presents an African Christian movement full of vitality and creativity. The reader will meet believers who drink milk so that they may dream about angels, reports about funerals where the mourners dance with the coffin on their shoulders and church members who are ritually not allowed to fertilize their fields or wear neck ties. The author?s unique insight into Malawi?s Christian community addresses important issues in society. Why have ?Spirit Churches,? including Pentecostalism, been so successful in Malawi? Why do some religious groups still refuse medical help, up to the point that children die of cholera? How did the independent churches deal with the colonial trauma? In this masterful portrait, Strohbehn takes the reader from industrial mine compounds to rural colonies, where churches have set up their own spiritual and political rule. He carefully dissects the fine lines between traditional notions and Christianity?s influence. We find a spiritual portrait of the Ngoni people, a fascinating cultural analysis of dancing and an encounter with a unique style of preaching.
The Landmarks Series is a research and publications outfit funded by the Landmarks Research Foundation to publish recent outstanding doctoral dissertations on any aspect of Nigerian linguistics, languages, literatures and cultures. This study is a departer from most previous work on Yoruba Grammar in the sense that rather than being purely a descriptive grammar; it attempts to provide a theoretical analysis of the internal and external syntax of Yoruba nominal expressions using the Chomskyan Principles and Parameters approach to syntax. This Generative theory attempts to characterize the grammar of all natural languages in terms of a set of universal principles that all languages share, and a set of parameters along which languages may vary. The book emphasizes the empirical motivation behind major theoretical proposals in that framework, and shows how views on the nature of universal grammar and cross-linguistic variation have developed over the years as a consequence of a massive increase in cross-linguistic syntactic research.
The Rules
(2016)
Teenage Adam obeys the rules and dreams big, of real soccer boots and of playing for South Africa one day. Jasmine, his twin sister, is street-smart and lives by her own rules. She dreams too, of a life outside of poverty. Meanwhile she saves all her coins in a glass jar on the top of Auntie Fouzie's cupboard. But things are changing. The country is facing a general election, Daddy didn't come home again last night, and Uncle Grootman is sitting in a wheelchair. Then Germany beats Brazil seven goals to one.
The nadir of Zimbabwe's political and economic crisis in 2008 coincided with the implementation of a baseline household food security survey in Harare by AFSUN. This survey found that households in low income urban areas in Zimbabwe's capital were far worse off in terms of all the food insecurity and poverty indicators than households in the other 10 Southern African cities surveyed by AFSUN. The central question addressed in this report is whether food security in Zimbabwe's urban centres has improved. AFSUN conducted a follow-up survey in 2012 that allows for direct longitudinal comparisons of continuity and change. The status of household food security in low-income neighbourhoods in Harare was improved in 2012 relative to 2008, and yet persistently high rates of severe food insecurity demonstrate that the daily need to access adequate food continued to be a major challenge. The key lesson for policymakers is that even in the context of overall economic improvement, food insecurity remains endemic among the poorest segments of the urban population. Households are already accustomed to drawing on resources outside of the formal economy and improvements in employment income have not reversed that trend. These alternative livelihood strategies should therefore be considered as a normal part of urban life and supported with state resources that can improve access to food for the most marginalized groups.
The Powers of the Knife
(2016)
What if you discovered that you come from an ancient family of Shadow Chasers, with a duty to protect others from an evil Army of Shadows? Nom is an outsider at school. When she and Zithembe become friends, life still seems ? well ? a little ordinary. But when an army of monsters threatens their world, it's all up to the two of them - and the start of a journey into the dreamworld on a quest that will change their lives. Powers of the Knife is the first book in the Shadow Chasers trilogy. It's an African fantasy adventure ? one part family saga, one part hero's quest.
This book brings together recent and ongoing empirical studies to examine two relational kinds of politics, namely, the politics of nature, i.e. how nature conservation projects are sites on which power relations play out, and the politics of the scientific study of nature. These are discussed in their historical and present contexts, and at specific sites on which particular human-environment relations are forged or contested. This spatio-temporal juxtaposition is lacking in current research on political ecology while the politics of science appears marginal to critical scholarship on social nature. Specifically, the book examines power relations in nature-related activities, demonstrates conditions under which nature and science are politicised, and also accounts for political interests and struggles over nature in its various forms. The ecological, socio-political and economic dimensions of nature cannot be ignored when dealing with present-day environmental issues. Nature conservation regulations are concerned with the management of flora and fauna as much as with humans. Various chapters in the book pay attention to the ways in which nature, science and politics are interrelated and also co-constitutive of each other. They highlight that power relations are naturalised through science and science-related institutions and projects such as museums, botanical gardens, wetlands, parks and nature reserves.
The papers in this collection present the numeral systems of more than twenty Nigerian languages. The papers mainly emanate from a workshop on the numeral systems of Nigerian languages organised by the Linguistic Association of Nigeria during its 23rd Annual Conference which was held at the University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The workshop arose from awareness created by Dr. Eugene S.L. Chan on the need for Nigerian linguists to document this severely endangered but very important aspect of natural languages. The quantum of mathematical computations - addition, multiplication, subtraction, or a combination of two or all of these - involved in the numeral systems of Nigerian languages is remarkable. The papers reveal that a variety of numeral systems do exist, such as: binary, decimal, incomplete decimal, duodecimal, quinary, quaternary, ternary, mixed, body-part tally systems, and much more. The book is a resource about how different languages manipulate their numeral systems.
The National Council for Higher Education (NCHE) and the Growth of the University Sub-sector in Uganda, 2002-2012, narrates the experience of the Ugandan NCHE in the establishment, development and regulation of higher education institutions in Uganda from 2002 to 2012. In this period, student numbers in higher education institutions increased from about 65,000 to some 200,000 and university institutions from about ten to more than triple the number. The book discusses the role of a regulatory agency in the delivery of higher education, the relations of universities and colleges with such an agency, its impact on developing university capacities, and leadership in creating and refining higher education ideas. The experience of Ugandas regulatory agency, the NCHE, in those ten years should help both the Ugandan and other African countries higher education stakeholders in sharing lessons learned from this one case study. The author sees the roles of regulatory agencies as vital in the initial stages of building a higher education sub-sector and in periods of system transitions such as the current journey from elite to mass systems but is of the view that the university remains the home of knowledge creation, dissemination, and its application in society.
It is common knowledge that HIV is widespread in Malawi as it is in many other countries of Southern Africa. It is also a well-known fact that women suffer most and frequently are blamed the most. Many attempts are being made to address the pandemic and reduce the suffering, and often women are the focus. This book differs in that it looks at the other side, men. It contends that men have to play a major role in the fight, not only by changing behaviour but also by understanding concepts of masculinity and that women may also profit from that.
What are the issues discussed today by African philosophers? Four important topics are identified here as important objects of philosophical reflection on the African continent. One is the question of ontology in relation to African religions and aesthetics. Another is the question of time and, in particular, of prospective thinking and development. A third issue is the task of reconstructing the intellectual history of the continent through the examination of the question of orality but also by taking into account the often neglected tradition of written erudition in Islamic centres of learning. Timbuktu is certainly the most important and most famous of such intellectual centres. The fourth question concerns political philosophy: the concept of 'African socialisms' is revisited and the march that led to the adoption of the 'African Charter of Human and Peoples' Rights' is examined. All these important issues are also fundamental to understanding the question of African languages and translation.
This book argues that since the emergence of the Cameroon National Union (CNU) and the one-party state in 1966, Cameroonians have progressively degenerated into the syndrome of collective amnesia inspired by a culture of sycophancy, glorifying and deifying political leadership. These developments stand in stark contrast to what obtained in the nascent Southern Cameroons - the UN Trust territory administered by Britain until 1961 when its population voted overwhelmingly by 70.5% to gain their independence by establishing a federation with the then French-speaking Republic of Cameroon. From the late 1950s until the dismantling of the Cameroon Federation, Southern Cameroons and later West Cameroon had a vibrant parliament, a House of Chiefs (or Senate), an independent Judiciary, an ideal, corruption-free Public Service, a state government with ministers presided over by an Executive Prime Minister and, for a decade, West Cameroon provided the Vice Presidency for the Federal Republic of Cameroon. In what may be accurately described as Prof Anthony Ndi's seminal work, he contends and rightly so that solutions to the legion of problems that plague contemporary Cameroon may be easily found in the pages of The Golden Age of Southern Cameroons. Agents for this transformation do not have to be invented or imported from Mars; all we need is a patriotic spirit, political will, readiness to dialogue, transparency and commitment to democracy.
This report examines the food security status of Zimbabwean migrant households in the poorer areas of two major South African cities, Johannesburg and Cape Town. The vast majority were food insecure in terms of the amount of food to which they had access and the quality and diversity of their diet. What seems clear is that Zimbabwean migrants are significantly more food insecure than other low-income households. The primary reason for this appears to lie in pressures that include remittances of cash and goods back to family in Zimbabwe. The small literature on the impact of migrant remittances on food security tends to look only at the recipients and how their situation is improved. It does not look at the impact of remitting on those who send remittances. Most Zimbabwean migrants in South Africa feel a strong obligation to remit, but to do so they must make choices because of their limited and unpredictable income. Food is one of the first things to be sacrificed. Quantities decline, cheaper foods are preferred, and dietary quality and diversity inevitably suffer. This study found that while migrants were dissatisfied with the shrinking job market in South Africa, most felt that they would be unlikely to find work in Zimbabwe and that a return would worsen their household's food security situation. In other words, while food insecurity in Zimbabwe is a major driver of migration to South Africa, food insecurity in South Africa is unlikely to encourage many to return.
Using expibasketical theory and findings, this book attempts to understand and explain some of the wonders of love and the impacts these have on the other human institutions (such as marriage and family) that are supposed to be erected on love and understanding. Love is a phenomenon that is hard to correctly master, most probably because it is loaded with a lot of uncertainties. This simple fact must be the reason behind the commonplace saying that love is blind; a statement that can have several interpretations, one of which being that it is hard to read or know exactly what is on the other party's mind. Love thus becomes not only an intriguing feeling but also potentially full of intrigues. Can love be so blind to realities and still be love? The book answers many of such queries by expanding and delineating the frontiers of love, and thence marriage and family.
The Mbos are a large ethnic group in present day Cameroon and an important and powerful group until the Anglo-French partition. Following the defeat of the colonial power, Germany, in the First World War (WWI), the League of Nations in a March 1916 Mandate, partitioned the territory into two unequal halves among the victorious imperial powers of England and France, to be governed in trust as from 1922. As a result of the partition, the Mbos, who happened to find themselves right along the lines of division, were thrust under French and English administration, respectively. Roughly two thirds of the Mbos found themselves in what had then become French (East) Cameroon, while the remaining one third was thrust under British (West) Cameroon rule. Today the Mbos, as a whole, occupy parts of the Littoral and Western (Francophone) and Southwest (Anglophone) regions of Cameroon. While the Francophone Mbos have, over the decades, benefited from all aspects of economic, social, political, and agricultural development, the Anglophone Mbos have been isolated and deprived of all the outward and physical (tangible) aspects of socio-economic and political progress. The persistence of such colonial divisions makes for inequality among the Mbos, despite their common ancestry, ethnicity and cultural heritage. This book seeks to update on diverse aspects of the study conducted on the British Mbos by J.W.C. Rutherfoord and others as a first step toward a comprehensive publication on the Anglophone Mbos.
With the rise of the knowledge for development paradigm, expert advice has become a prime instrument of foreign aid. At the same time, it has been object of repeated criticism: the chronic failure of technical assistance a notion under which advice is commonly subsumed has been documented in a host of studies. Nonetheless, international organisations continue to send advisors, promising to increase the effectiveness of expert support if their technocratic recommendations are taken up. This book reveals fundamental problems of expert advice in the context of aid that concern issues of power and legitimacy rather than merely flaws of implementation. Based on empirical evidence from South Africa and Tanzania, the authors show that aid-related advisory processes are inevitably obstructed by colliding interests, political pressures and hierarchical relations that impede knowledge transfer and mutual learning. As a result, recipient governments find themselves caught in a perpetual cycle of dependency, continuously advised by experts who convey the shifting paradigms and agendas of their respective donor governments. For young democracies, the persistent presence of external actors is hazardous: ultimately, it poses a threat to the legitimacy of their governments if their policy-making becomes more responsive to foreign demands than to the preferences and needs of their citizens.
The Cry of the Hangkaka
(2016)
The Cry of the Hangkaka is the story of young Karin and her mother Irene. Shamed by a divorce, Irene seeks to flee with her daughter from post WWII South Africa. Jack, a Scotsman who works at the tin mines in Nigeria, seems to be the answer to Irene's prayers. In the torrid heat of the Nigerian plateau, Karin is exposed to the lives of the colonisers, the colonised, and most of all to the dictatorship of Jack.
Since 1963, when the African integration project was born, regional Economic Communities (RECs) have been an indispensable part of the continent's deeper socioeconomic and political integration. More than half a century later, such regional institutions continue to evolve, keeping pace with an Africa that is transforming itself amid challenges and opportunities. RECs represent a huge potential to be the engines that drive the continent's economic growth and development as well as being vehicles through which a sense of a continental community is fostered. It is critical therefore that citizens understand the multi-faceted and bureaucratic operations of regional institutions in order to use them to advance their collective interests.
Taming My Elephant
(2016)
In Oshiwambo, the elephant is likened to the most challenging situation that people can face. If an elephant appears in the morning, all planned activities are put on hold and the villagers join forces to deal with it. For Tshiwa Trudie Amulungu, the elephant showed up on many mornings and she had no choice but to tame it. Growing up in a traditional household in northern Namibia, and moving to a Catholic school, Amulungus life started within a very ordered framework. Then one night in 1977 she crossed the border into Angola with her schoolmates and joined the liberation movement. Four months later she was studying at the UN Institute for Namibia in Lusaka Zambia, later going on to study in France. Amulungu recounts the cultural shocks and huge discoveries she made along her journey with honesty, emotion and humour. She draws the reader into her experiences through a close portrayal of life, friends and community in the different places where she lived and studied in exile. This is a compelling story of survival, longing for home, fear of the return, and overcoming adversity in strange environments. It is also a love story that brought two families and cultures together.
The second volume of the African Higher Education Dynamics Series brings together the research of an international network of higher education scholars with interest in higher education and student politics in Africa. Most authors are early career academics who teach and conduct research in universities across the continent, and who came together for a research project and related workshops and a symposium on student representation in African higher education governance. The book includes theoretical chapters on student organising, student activism and representation; chapters on historical and current developments in student politics in Anglophone and Francophone Africa; and in-depth case studies on student representation and activism in a cross-section of universities and countries. The book provides a unique resource for academics, university leaders and student affairs professionals as well as student leaders and policy-makers in Africa and elsewhere.
Infrastrukturprojekte können als konkrete Planungs- und Bauvorhaben beschrieben werden, die zumeist über mehrere Jahre hinweg mit aktuellen oder neuen Technologien und Verfahren realisiert werden und bei denen eine lange Nutzungsdauer vorgesehen ist. Diese Projekte sind als Investitionsprojekte mit hohem Kapitalbedarf und zumeist negativen externen Effekten besonders risikobehaftet. Die enorme technische, wirtschaftliche, organisatorische und kommunikative Komplexität macht nicht nur ein professionelles Projektmanagement und eine ebenso professionelle Kommunikation notwendig, sondern erhöht auch die Gefahr von Krisen. Infrastrukturprojekte werden auch durch die Bedingungen der Mediengesellschaft beeinflusst. Die Vorhabenträger derartiger Projekte sind öffentlich exponiert, werden kritisch beobachtet und vielstimmig kommentiert, auch im Social Web.
Die medialen und gesellschaftspolitischen Rahmenbedingungen zeigen den Bedarf nach professionellen strategischen Krisen-PR auf. Diese werden hier als zielgerichtete Public Relations zur proaktiven Prävention, Bewältigung und Nachsorge von Krisensituationen verstanden. Sie beschränken sich keineswegs auf eine reaktive Krisenkommunikation. Stattdessen werden sie als internes und externes Kommunikations- und Handlungsmanagement betrachtet und als dauerhafter Bestandteil strategischer Organisationsführung empfohlen. Mithilfe von Literaturstudien werden wichtige Anforderungen an strategische Krisen-PR bei Infrastrukturprojekten aggregiert. Die Erkenntnisse fließen in einen kürzeren Anforderungskatalog ein, der die wichtigsten Punkte für die Krisen-PR-Praxis systematisiert. Ein längerer Anforderungskatalog orientiert sich an den bei Infrastrukturprojekten üblichen Planungs- und Ausführungszyklen und enthält zudem einzelne Handlungsempfehlungen, die aus der Analyse zweier Fallstudien hervorgegangen sind. Untersucht wurden die Öffentlichkeitsbeteiligung im Rahmen der Krisenprävention beim Ausbau des Flughafens Frankfurt am Main sowie die Krisenbewältigung angesichts der Verschiebung eines Eröffnungstermins beim Bau des Flughafens Berlin Brandenburg.
Neben Anforderungen für die Phasen der Krisenprävention, -bewältigung und -nachsorge werden auch Grundsätze strategischer Krisen-PR bestimmt. So sollten diese strategisch, situativ und integriert sein, ganzheitlich und konzeptionell fundiert geplant werden, kommunikative Diskrepanzen vermeiden, Vertrauensfaktoren erfüllen und Vertrauenswürdigkeit signalisieren. Ebenso sollten sie eine verständlich, symmetrisch-dialogisch, verständigungsorientiert und crossmedial kommunizieren, stets Schnelligkeit und Richtigkeit beachten sowie funktional transparent sein. Besondere Bedeutung innerhalb der strategischen Krisen-PR kommt auch der regelmäßigen Analyse von Stakeholdern und Themen sowie dem professionellen Monitoring und Management von Issues, Risiken und Social-Media-Beiträgen zu.
Soyinka's Language
(2016)
Shadows of Footsteps
(2016)
As memorable for the beauty of his descriptions as for his poetic vision, in these poems Mwangwegho captures the tenderness of Malawi and the fragility of it, as well as exploring the depths of our universal lives. In three sections, Shadows of Footsteps, takes us to corners of the past, to a view of shared African experience and to a space where internal freedoms speak. The journey is wild in parts, but graceful in completion.
Science and Spirituality
(2016)
Science and Spirituality is an attempt to highlight the spiritual potential within the recent and on-going discoveries in both the science of the quantum world and the science of the larger cosmos. Science is now confirming what the mystics of former ages taught us. Somehow, these mystics, through silence and meditation, were able to discern and touch deep truths about what existence means. Abstract Algebra, which was once perceived as purely abstract with no practical application, is now at the heart of explaining existence within the quantum world. Thus mathematics, science and spirituality are just different faces of the same reality. This small booklet 'Science and Spirituality' merely introduces different aspects of this one reality which the author hopes to develop in more detail in further booklets.
Das dritte E-Book des Sicherheitspolitik-Blogs ist nun erhältlich. Es basiert auf dem Blogfokus „Salafismus in Deutschland – Herausforderungen für Politik und Gesellschaft“ und wurde von Janusz Biene und Julian Junk herausgegeben. Es ist als Druckversion zu kaufen oder kann kostenlos als PDF heruntergeladen werden.
Archive verändern sich heute. Überall entstehen neue Archive und die bestehenden wandeln vor allem durch die Möglichkeiten der Digitalisierung rasch ihre Form. Zugleich sehen sich die offiziellen Archive zunehmend einer Vielzahl von Sammlungen von Daten und Bildern gegenüber, von denen keineswegs ausgemacht ist, ob man sie noch als 'Archiv' bezeichnen kann. Durch die Virtualisierung scheinen die Dinge zu verschwinden oder an Kompaktheit zu verlieren; gleichzeitig entsteht immer mehr 'Archivgut' – alles wird archivierbar und unser Leben unterliegt zunehmend der Selbstarchivierung, die alle unsere Äußerungen und Erlebnisse in einem 'Profil' sammelt, das wir vielleicht niemals mehr löschen werden können. Insgesamt ist die fortschreitende Archivierung von allem und jedem vielleicht eines der auffälligsten Komplemente zur wachsenden Beschleunigung spätmoderner Gesellschaften – und es ist alles andere als klar, ob man sie als Zeichen einer Erosion 'des' Archivs oder eher als dessen Universalisierung verstehen kann.
Band 33 der Rilke-Blätter beginnt mit Texten der Erinnerung und Würdigung zum Tod des Schirmherrn der Rilke-Gesellschaft Christoph Sieber-Rilke, dessen Hinscheiden am 20. Juni 2014 wir in Band 32 nur noch kurz vor Drucklegung mitteilen konnten. Die im ersten der beiden Hauptabschnitte versammelten Beiträge gehen auf die Tagung der Rilke-Gesellschaft zurück, die im September 2014 in Florenz stattgefunden hat, die Beiträge im zweiten Hauptabschnitt gründen sich auf das Rilke-Treffen vom September 2015 in London, einschließlich des Panels für Nachwuchswissenschaftler "Rilke intermedial". Als Herausgeber bedanken wir uns bei dieser Gelegenheit bei allen Referenten, die uns Ihre Vorträge zur Veröffentlichung überlassen haben, aber auch bei den Institutionen, Organisatoren, Gastgebern und Freunden, die diese Ereignisse möglich gemacht, vorbereitet und begleitet haben. In Florenz standen Rilkes Begegnungen mit der Stadt und mit der italienischen Renaissance aber auch seinen gleichzeitigen Lektüren Kierkegaards und Jens Peter Jacobsens im Zentrum, in London der Welt-Bezug von Rilkes Dichtung, der sich wiederum in vielfältigen Rückbezügen der literarischen und künstlerischen Welt auf Rilke spiegelt. Die Beiträge erfahrener wie auch jüngerer Rilke-Forscher machen uns die Bandbreite solcher Rezeptionsspuren deutlich. Für die Fotografie des Gemäldes "Florenz im Krieg" von Eduard Bargheer, das im Beitrag von Ralph Freedman thematisiert wird und dem Band als Bildpostkarte beigegeben ist, danken wir herzlich Prof. Dr. Jonathan Freedman (University of Michigan).
Weiterhin dokumentieren wir Werk-, Lebens- und Rezeptionszeugnisse in den Blättern, in diesem Band in Gestalt einer auf Deutsch bislang noch nicht gedruckten Äußerung des Nobelpreisträgers Patrick Modiano zu Rilke, einer Edition der frühen Fassung des Malte-Anfangs, die uns Walter Simon aus dem Nachlass des großen Rilke-Forschers Ernst Zinn mitgeteilt hat, und einem einführenden Beitrag zur Erschließung von Rilkes Gedichtzyklus "Vergers". Beiträge zu aktuellen Themen der Rilke-Forschung sowie eine Reihe von Rezensionen zu wichtigen Neuerscheinungen beschließend den Band, für dessen verlegerische Betreuung wir uns bei Philipp Mickat im Wallstein Verlag bedanken. Ein Nachruf auf unser Ehrenmitglied Ralph Freedman, von dessen Tod wir kurz vor Drucklegung erfahren haben, wird im nächsten Band erscheinen.
Wohlfahrt, Wohlbefinden, Well-being oder Lebensqualität, es gibt eine Reihe von Begriffen, die als Maß für gesellschaftlichen Wohlstand diskutiert werden. Gemeinsam ist diesen Ansätzen der Versuch, von einer rein ökonomischen Messung der Wohlfahrt etc. - gemessen am Bruttoinlandsprodukt (BIP) – und hin zu einer ganzheitlichen oder zumindest breiteren Beschreibung des Wohlstands zu gelangen. In dieser Studie wird der Begriff Wellbeing dafür verwandt. Bisher erfolgt die Diskussion über dieses Thema überwiegend auf der Ebene von Nationalstaaten und mittels international vergleichender Untersuchungen. Auf regionaler oder lokaler Ebene sind breitere Ansätze zur Wohlstandsmessung bisher wenig(er) verbreitet, und das, obwohl die Bedeutung von Regionen in den vergangenen Jahren - trotz oder wegen Globalisierung und Internationalisierung - deutlich zugenommen hat. Aus regionalpolitischer Perspektive besteht hier eine "Wissenslücke", da viele Entscheidungen für das Wellbeing nicht auf nationaler, sondern auf regionaler Ebene getroffen werden. Hier knüpft die vorliegende Studie an. Ausgangspunkte sind zum einen die inzwischen verbreitete Kritik am Bruttoinlandsprodukt als zentralem Wohlstandsindikator und zum andern die, u.a. von der OECD vertretene Aussage, dass bei einem breiter definierten Wohlstandsbegriff auf regionaler/lokaler Ebene größere Unterschiede des Well-being bestehen als auf nationaler Ebene. Davon ausgehend richtet sich das Erkenntnisinteresse dieser Untersuchung darauf, das objektive Well-being kleinräumig zwischen und innerhalb von Regionen quantitativ zu messen und damit die Frage zu beantworten, welche inter- und intraregionalen Unterschiede dabei bestehen. Erfasst wird das objektive Well-being anhand von zehn Indikatoren für die Bereiche Wirtschaft, Gesellschaft, Umwelt, Region. Die Indikatoren und Bereiche basieren auf dem Konzept der Enquetekommission des Bundestages für „Wachstum, Wohlstand und Lebensqualität“. Deren Indikatoren wurden für die regionale Ebene teilweise modifiziert und ergänzt. Der Untersuchungszeitraum umfasst die Jahre 2000 bis 2011. Die Untersuchung erfolgte zum einen deskriptiv. Die Indikatoren wurden regionsvergleichend sowie für ausgewählte Regionstypen in dem betrachteten Zeitraum beschrieben. Damit lassen sich erste Erkenntnisse über regionale Unterschiede im Well-being gewinnen. Verglichen wurden exemplarisch die beiden Metropolregionen FrankfurtRheinMain und Stuttgart sowie intraregional die Städte und Kreise in diesen beiden Regionen. Zum andern wurde das inter- und intraregionale objektive Well-being anhand eines ganzheitlichen Index gemessen. Methodisch basiert diese Messung auf einem statistisch-ökonometrischen Verfahren (Structural Equation Modelling (SEM)). Mittels dieser Methode können die einzelnen Indikatoren hinsichtlich ihrer Bedeutung für das Well-being (ungleich) gewichtet und in einem einzigen Well-being-Index für die unterschiedlichen Regionsabgrenzungen erfasst werden. Bereits die deskriptiven Untersuchungsergebnisse bestätigen die Ausgangshypothese, wonach Unterschiede im regionalen Well-being zwischen und innerhalb der beiden Metropolregionen bestehen. Beim interregionalen Vergleich der Indikatoren bestehen bei den Einzelindikatoren teilweise deutliche Differenzen zwischen den Regionen. Gemessen an der Bewertung der einzelnen Indikatoren hat mal die Region Stuttgart, mal die Region FrankfurtRheinMain „die Nase vorn“. Der Verlauf der Indikatoren zeigt in beiden Regionen einen ähnlichen Entwicklungstrend.
Achieving a new integration of Africa into the world economy in the neoliberal era prompts discussion of the success and failure of economic policies undertaken so far in African countries; And how to address the factors that currently hamper Africa's development in a globalized economy. What does globalization mean for Africa? What changes does it imply? Which models of development impose, and under what conditions? A comprehension essay is presented in this book.
This is a book of reading on religion and culture in Africa comprising ten papers by experts in religion and cultural matters and an introductory note by the editor himself. Covered in the volume are papers covering: the impact of secularisation and urbanisation on a most cherished socio-cultural practice of the extended family system of the Isoko people in Nigeria; the traditional medical practices in Urhobo with particular focus on the use of local herbs to treat ailments; the socioreligious as well as the political significance of Obiri (family hall) in Ikwerreland; the rationale behind the use of the concept 'Dunamis' in the Gospel According to Staint Mark. Although his paper does not focus on African (traditional) religion, its inclusion here is based purely on the theological significance of the concept of 'Dunamis'; the extent to which evil spirits and mysterious forces have influenced the religion and culture of the Urhobo people of Nigeria; the significance of festivals in the traditional African society; John Wesley's innovations in Christendom and their implications for Africa; the recent unprecedented upsurge in the assumed use of religious powers to cast out evil spirits as well as for prayer healing among Muslims in Nigeria; the culture of alienation, anxiety and violence, drawing inspiration from the Fall Story of Genesis 3; and the widowhood practices of some areas in Nigeria.
Rassismus und Judenfeindschaft in der Zeitschrift »Die Erziehung« 1933 – 1942 (Eduard Spranger)
(2016)
Most African national economies depend on the exploitation of both renewable and non-renewable natural resources for development. Conventional and unconventional exploitation of natural resources has left negative carbon footprints. This has also degraded hotspots across the African continent, impacting negatively on people and the environment. A Green Economy offers the continent the opportunity to achieve sustained economic development devoid of environmental degradation and inefficient utilisation of natural resources. This book, Promoting Green Economy, explores issues affecting the socio-economic development of the continent and focuses on Africa's need for a green economy. With chapters written by seasoned authors from academia and industry across the continent, the book examines the challenges of sustainable management of Africa's natural resources and recommends the need for the continent to transit towards green economy as this can provide opportunities for minimising environmental footprints of all economic activities. The book calls on the commitment of the public and private sectors to the development of appropriate green economy policies and regulatory frameworks to promote inclusive growth.
Proceedings of the 7th World Congress of African Linguistics, Buea, 17-21 August 2012 : Volume One
(2016)
Proceedings of the 7th World Congress of African Linguistics, Buea, 17-21 August 2012 : Volume 2
(2016)
Pride Aside and Other Poems
(2016)
Pride Aside and Other Poems rattles the brain as it blurs thematic boundaries. Even though Bill F. Ndi's poems seem to clearly draw inspiration from everyday life, almost all the poems are structured as sonnets. Through the lines of the various poems in this collection, influences of poets from different schools of poetic creativity and streams of inspiration resonate. They bring to mind the metaphysical poets, the Romantics, the Symbolists, the Confessionalists, poets of the Beat Generation, Committed poetry, etc. As such reading the collection places the reader before a multifaceted and intriguing cultural document imbued with literary influences from Chaucer to W.B Yeats and beyond. However, their insight and the richness of their humanity transform the poems essentially into meditations on the soul of our civilization. This poetic work is vibrant and thought provoking.
The early missionaries brought Christianity from the monogamous West to the polygamous societies of Africa. Were the missionaries right in demanding that converts dismiss all but one wife? Was this the demand of the Christian faith or of Western civilization? And were the converts right to dismiss their wives though they had married them according to the laws of the land? And who asked the children if they wanted their mothers to be dismissed and may or may not be married to another man? The book argues that while polygamy is an African reality, it is below Christian moral standards. However is stopping converted polygamous men and women from baptism best practice if we believe that sin can be forgiven for the one who repents? Can the shedding of responsibility for wives and children be made a precondition for such forgiveness?
This is a comprehensive text on the function of thought in the history and political sociology of Cameroon. The book brings out how the 'hidden hand of history' fashions a political thought which, in turn, creates its own history. Instead of Cameroonians making history, history makes Cameroonians. The book shows how political ideas are fashioned in a post-colonial context in which Europeans impose a superordinate arrangement on a people together with its philosophers. 'Thinking the nation' in Cameroon on behalf of Europeans, especially after the leaders of the national liberation struggle were all eliminated, European philosophers put in place a 'repressive machine' under which Cameroonians were subjected between 1958 and 1990. Repression gave way to a refined form of enslavement - a modernised version of slavery. Cameroonians joined the bandwagon and have been producing and reproducing Western industrial economies while day-dreaming of what they will never become. The whole idea of nation-building in post-colonial Africa is put in question. This book offers students of political studies, sociology, anthropology and history compelling evidence to grapple with questions as to whether Cameroon is a state or a nation and questions of sovereignty and citizenship.
This book explores the symbiotic relationship between philosophy and culture. Every philosophy emerges as a reaction to, or as justification for a particular culture and it is for this reason that philosophy may differ from one culture to another. It argues that philosophy is an essential part of every culture. Philosophy is the means by which every culture provides itself with justification for its values, beliefs and worldview and also serves as a catalyst for progress. Philosophy critically questions and confronts established beliefs, customs, practices, and institutions of a society. As reflective critical thinking, philosophy is linked to a way of life; a form of enquiry intended to guide behaviour; a form of thinking that sharpens and broadens our intellectual horizon, scrutinizes our assumptions, and clarifies the beliefs and values by which we live. Philosophy helps to liberate the individual from the imprisonment of ignorance, prejudice, superstition, narrow-mindedness, and the despotism of custom. Culture constitutes the raw data, the laboratory from which philosophers do their analytic experimentation. Culture is considered as philosophy of the first order activity. The book maintains that any genuine global philosophy must include philosophical traditions from all cultures and regions of the world, as it is by seeking alternative philosophical answers to some of the thorniest problems facing humanity that we are most likely to find more lasting solutions to some global problems. In this commitment to a universal humanity, we cannot afford to depend on solutions from a single culture or from the most influential cultures.
Diese Studie hat Ta'ziya zum Thema gewählt, um Fragen über Theater und seine unterschiedlichen Formen unter weiteren Aspekten als nur dem der Theatergeschichte untersuchen zu können. Neben der theoretischen Untersuchung wurde das Schwerpunktthema dieser Arbeit – Performativität des Mordes – anhand künstlerischer Prozesse erforscht. Dies geschah durch zwei Filmproduktionen (2008, 2011) und einen Workshop unter meiner Leitung gemeinsam mit zwei Assistenten (Hiwa Michaeli, Matin Soofi Pour) am 20. Oktober 2012, im Studio 44 (Dorkypark, Berlin) mit dem Titel: »Darstellung des Mordes in der Ta'ziya«. Die Teilnehmer des Workshop hatten keinerlei Kenntnisse über Ta'ziya. Anhand von Filmmaterial wurden die Mordszenen in Ta'ziya analysiert und diskutiert. In der zweiten und längeren Phase wurde rund um die Darstellung des Mordes praktisch experimentiert und ein Schwerpunkt auf Darstellungsformen der Authentizität gelegt. Das Ziel des Workshops war es, die Formen der Darstellung, die sich in Ta'ziya und bei den Mordszenen wiederholen, neu zu konstruieren. Diese Versuche haben sich mit den Darstellungsformen im theatralen System der Ta'ziya auseinandergesetzt, um die Möglichkeiten, die diese Form der Darstellung bietet, zu erkunden. Das Resultat wurde Teil dieser Arbeit und Mittel, die Thesen dieser Studie zu überprüfen.
West African teachers and professors who are appropriating information and communication technologies (ICT) are making it part and parcel of education and everyday life. In Mali and beyond, they adapt ICT to their milieus and work as cultural agents, mediating between technology and society. They yearn to use ICT to make education more relevant to life, facilitate and enhance African participation in global debates and scholarly production, and evolve how Africa and Africans are projected and perceived. In sum, educators are harnessing ICT for its transformative possibilities. The changes apparent in student-teacher relations (more interactive) and classrooms (more dialogical) suggest that ICT can be a catalyst for pedagogical change, including in document-poor contexts and ones weighed down by legacies of colonialism. Learning from the perspectives and experiences of educators pioneering the use of ICT in education in Africa can inform educational theory, practice and policy and deepen understandings of the concept of appropriation as a process of cultural change.