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The Izon of the Niger Delta
(2009)
The Izon of the Niger Delta is a global history of the Izon, Ijo, or Ijaw people from their homelands in the Niger Delta, through Nigeria, the West and Central African coastlands, and in the Africa diaspora into Europe, the America's and the Caribbean. It is a preliminary study which raises questions and opens ground for further research. The book provides chapters that take an overview of issues on the environment of the Niger Delta, an analysis of the Ijo population, the language, culture, resources, history and linkage to the rest of Nigeria and the world. In effect these chapters provide a synopsis of the Ijo in the past and their situation in the present.
In the Twilight of the Revolution : The Pan Africanist Congress of Azania (South Africa) 1959-1994
(2009)
This book is a long-overdue history of the Pan Africanist Congress of Azania (PAC) and the rise of the Africanist ideology in South Africa. From its formation in 1959, the PAC underground inside South Africa and in exile shaped the dynamics of the anti-apartheid movement and liberation struggle by framing alternative ideologies. Kwandiwe Kondlo analyses the radical traditions, the structural contradictions and the internal conflicts of this rival to the African National Congress (ANC), South Africa?s dominant liberation organisation. The contributions of some of the PAC leaders, including Robert Sobukhwe, Potlake Kitchener Leballo, Vusumzi Make and John Nyathi Pokela, are reconstructed as are the PAC?s experiences in exile and the strategies pursued by its military wing, the Azanian People?s Liberation Party (APLA). The role of the PAC in the power-sharing negotiations leading to the historic 1994 elections in South Africa round off the narrative. The PAC story is a highly controversial one, as the perspectives are wide and various. This book seeks to present a balanced picture which includes diverse views in a comprehensive narrative.
Youth and Higher Education in Africa : The Cases of Cameroon, South Africa, Eritrea and Zimbabwe
(2009)
Student activism in Africa, at least since the early 1990s, has been preoccupied with popular struggles for democracy in both their respective countries and institutions of higher learning. The changing socio-economic and political conditions in many African countries, characterized by the decline in economic growth and the introduction of multi-party politics, among several other factors, have had different impact on students and student political organizations in African universities. This book recounts the responses of students to these changes in their attempt to negotiate better living and studying conditions. The four case studies contained in the book - Cameroon, South Africa, Zimbabwe and Eritrea - clearly reveal the very important aspects of the situation in which African students find themselves in many countries, and underscores the need to understand the character and development of higher education on the continent. Ministries of Higher Education, Vice Chancellors, Deans of Students, Student Unions and parents will find this book very useful in terms of understanding the tensions that often arise at institutions of higher learning and why solutions seem to be elusive.
Youth, HIV
(2009)
The five research reports that constitute this monograph are a fruit of the collaboration between the Council for the Development of Social Science Research in African (CODESRIA) and the Social Science Research Council (SSRC), two institutions with a longstanding interest in the study of youth and social transformations in Africa. Under the collaboration, 12 young African researchers were able to benefit from fellowships, workshops and the expertise of resource persons. The studies contribute significant empirical insights from five different countries (Tanzania, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Zimbabwe and Cameroon) to ongoing debates on how youth and social processes in Africa shape, and are shaped, by the HIV/AIDS pandemic.
It is increasingly clear that children and the youth today play a significant role in the labour process in Africa. But, to what extent is this role benign? And when and why does this role become exploitative rather than beneficial? This book on children and the youth in Africa sets out to address these questions. The book observes that in Africa today, children are under pressure to work, often engaged in the worst forms of child labour and therefore not living out their role as children. It argues that the social and economic environment of the African child is markedly different from what occurs elsewhere, and goes further to challenge all factors that have combined in stripping children of their childhood and turning them into instruments and commodities in the labour process. It also explains the sources, dynamics, magnitude and likely consequences of the exploitation of children and the youth in contemporary Africa. The book is an invaluable contribution to the discourse on children, while the case studies are aimed at creating more awareness about the development problems of children and the youth in Africa, with a view to evolving more effective national and global responses.
This book analyses the impact of the Western idea of 'modernity' on development and underdevelopment in Africa. It traces the genealogy of the Western idea of modernity from European Enlightenment concepts of the universal nature of human history and development, and shows how this idea was used to justify the Western exploitation and oppression of Africa. It argues that contemporary development, theory and practice is a continuation of the Enlightenment project and that Africa can only achieve real development by rejecting Western modernity and inventing its own forms of modernity. The book is divided into four sections. The first section provides an outline of the theory of modernity in the Enlightenment project. In the second section, an attempt is made to trace the genealogy of the idea of development as modernity and how the African development process gets entangled with it. Here, its evolution is mapped through three periods: early modernity, capitalist modernity and late modernity. Zeroing in on the current era of late or hypermodernity, the book contests the idea that there is something new in globalisation and its neo-liberal development paradigm. The third section turns to the complex but pertinent question of how, at the beginning of the twenty-first century, Africa can transcend the impasse of modernity. The fourth and final section sums up the argument and points the way forward.
The doctrine of international relations (inter-state, indeed), territorial ideologies, the logic of autochthony and its ramifications, ethnic cleansing, are all hinged at different levels upon the same pseudo-fact: to every society a closed and exclusive territory demarcated by fixed and linear borders. This way of thinking, totally foreign to African societies for a long time, has generated today more contradictions than it can ever solve. The authors of this book make a clear distinction between territory formation 'from the top' as being a deliberate political project, and its formation 'from below' as being a more diffused historical process which is determined by the scheme of antagonisms and compromises between social forces. In lieu of a stark opposition between 'the top' and 'below', the authors unveil the interdependence and mutual influence which form the basis of a dual system within which legal formation -by the colonial authorities first, then by the postcolonial one- is confronted with a host of subaltern spatial dynamics, neglecting thereby the legitimacy which only them can provide. As an essential read for anyone who is interested in the relationship between knowledge and power, this book offers stimulating perspectives on the issue of African unity and its epistemological and political challenges. It renews profoundly our approaches to human security, citizenship, borders and mobility. Contributions are in English and in French.
For the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) and its partners, the link between research and policy is of paramount importance in their goal to improve social, economic and environmental conditions in developing countries. The nature of the collaboration between researchers and decision-makers, however, is complex, multifaceted and often difficult to implement. Moreover, research is very often designed and carried out without regard for its potential users or beneficiaries. How should research agendas be developed? What is the role of the private sector in developing research? Which actors are involved in knowledge production and utilization? How can the dialogue between researchers and decision-makers be improved? This short and accessible book records the reflections, opinions and recommendations which emerged from six national workshops organised between 2004 and 2007 in West and Central Africa on the synergy between researchers and decision-makers. Abdoulaye Ndiaye is a Senegalese expert and international consultant in development. He edited this book as a member and on behalf of the IDRC Council of Regional Advisors for West and Central Africa which organized the series of workshops throughout the sub-region.
This is the third edition of A Handbook for Public Prosecutors. It takes into account multiple changes in the Tanzania law since publication of the first and second editions in 1978 and 1982 respectively, and the new Criminal Procedure Act of 1985. A Handbook for Public Prosecutors is written primarily for Public Prosecutors. However, it is sufficiently comprehensive to be useful to those who are fresh on the Bench or the Bar, and to investigators of crime, as well as to those who are required to do examinations in Criminal Law, Criminal Procedure and the Law of Evidence in order to advance in their careers. While it is based on the Tanzania Penal Act, Criminal Procedure Act, the Evidence Act and other statutes, readers in other East African countries will have no difficulty in finding relevant and equivalent provisions of applicable legislation which are invariably identical to those in their countries. This book provides guidance to public prosecutors and others on basic principles of Criminal Law, Criminal Procedure, and the Law of Evidence and the art of prosecuting cases.
The shocks of the unexpected outbreak of violent internal armed conflicts in post Cold War West Africa continue to linger in policy and academic circles. While considerable attention is devoted to explaining the civil wars, there is little understanding of the delicate and unpredictable processes of reconstruction. Post-war reconstruction programmes in Africa have become, by and large, externally driven processes; and while externalisation may not be negative per se, it is important to interrogate how such intervention recognises and interacts with local dynamics, and how it manipulates and conditions the outcomes of post-conflict reconstruction agenda. Investigating the interface between power elite, the nature of post-war regimes and the pattern which post-war reconstruction takes is important both for theory and practice. This original study, by some of West Africa's leading scholars, interrogates post-war reconstruction processes in the twin West African countries of Liberia and Sierra Leone, focusing on the effects of regime types on the nature, scope, success or failure of their post-war reconstruction efforts. Political scientists, diplomats, the international community, donor and humanitarian agencies, advocacy groups, the United Nations and its agencies, would find it an important resource in dealing with countries emerging from protracted violence and civil war.
Whiplash
(2009)
I'm gonna tell you all about it, Mom. I'm gonna tell it like I'm on the end of your bed, talking to you. I'm not gonna cover up, cause there's no need. You'll see how it's all a flippin miracle. The whole weird year. It's only one year in my life, Ma, but it's all the stuff you slept through when I was a kid. All the stuff you fished through when you got up. I'm warning you, Ma, this is the truth. Startling poetry in the grittiest of emotional word go ... raw, tender and laugh-out-loud Whiplash digs its nail into you from the funny - a kickarse gem of a book. Told with landscapes, Whiplash puts Farren on the map as a wordsmith of astonishing talent.
Malika Ndlovu takes us right into the heart of her grief - the loss of her third child, who was stillborn. The book breaks the silence around stillbirth, often seen as a non-event, something women are expected to 'get over' as soon as possible, Invisible Earthquake is placed in the wider South African context by Sue Fawcus, who writes tenderly and expertly about stillbirth from the point of view of an obstetrician, and by Zubeida Bassadien and Muriel Johnstone, social workers who accompany women going through this shattering experience.
This report is the result of research that started in 2008 with the aim of collecting, collating and writing up information about regulation, ownership, access, performance as well as prospects for public broadcasting reform in Africa. The Zimbabwe report is part of an 11-country survey of African broadcast media, evaluating compliance with the agreements, conventions, charters and declarations regarding media that have been developed at regional and continental levels in Africa. The research was carried out by Dr Sarah Chiumbu who has worked in different capacities in media in Zimbabwe and currently teaches media studies at Wits University in Johannesburg, and edited by Jeanette Minnie and Hendrik Bussiek.
Effective and transparent government budgeting is vital to any democracy. In South Africa, massive poverty, inequality and unemployment remain, despite the successful political transformation, citizens and Parliament have a particularly important role to play in shaping budget policy and overseeing its implementation. South Africa reached a crossroads in fiscal governance when it passed the Money Bills Amendment Act in 2009, a law which granted Parliament strong powers to amend the budget prepared by the executive. This publication explores the content of the new law as well as the challenges and opportunities arising from it. It also discusses the role of Parliament in ensuring pro-poor budgeting. Good fiscal governance is too important for the wellbeing of South Africans to not be a part of our public conversations.
Developing a Transformation Agenda for Zimbabwe analyses the political and economic constraints on the nation's reconstruction and democratic transformation and suggests options for transformation in key sectors as well as lessons learnt from other transformations. The challenges in relation to transitional justice are analysed from an historical context as well as in light of the political dynamics in the country. The urgent need to launch a stabilisation programme is discussed, along with key issues for economic reconstruction. The book also looks at military involvement in politics in Zimbabwe and concludes that robust intervention is needed to reform the security sector.
Strange Fruit
(2009)
Strange Fruit is a courageous debut with a remarkable range in theme and tone, from the nostalgic to the comedic to the bawdy, and to the angry, the melancholic and the steadfast and comforting. It will delight, shock, anger, induce laughter, shock more, delight more. And make you blush. It's a full range. There are poems of brutally honest self-scrutiny - the heart of the collection being a series of poems on the ageing body, loss of love and infertility - and there are poems that capture landscapes with imagist skill and the botanist's detail.
Please, Take Photographs
(2009)
Sindiwe Magona's poems conspire with her. Even years after being written, they still seem warm from her lips, and it is this residue of her telling them that draws you into their confidence. From the languid innocence of the poems about her village, to her shattering images of Africa at war, Magona leads you headlong into her fireside circle where archetypes flicker like shadows on a face that has seen, and been. Please, Take Photographs is defiant and tender, horrific and homely, at once irreverent, outspoken and beautiful.
Oleander
(2009)
South Africa possesses one of the richest popular music traditions in the world - from marabi to mbaqanga, from boeremusiek to bubblegum, from kwela to kwaito. Yet the risk that future generations of South Africans will not know their musical roots is very real. Of all the recordings made here since the 1930s, thousands have been lost for ever, for the powers-that-be never deemed them worthy of preservation. And if one peruses the books that exist on South African popular music, one still finds that their authors have on occasion jumped to conclusions that were not as foregone as they had assumed. Yet the fault lies not with them, rather in the fact that there has been precious little documentation in South Africa of who played what, or who recorded what, with whom, and when. This is true of all music-making in this country, though it is most striking in the musics of the black communities. Beyond Memory: Recording the History, Moments and Memories of South African Music is an invaluable publication because it offers a first-hand account of the South African music scene of the past decades from the pen of a man, Max Thamagana Mojapelo, who was situated in the very thick of things, thanks to his job as a deejay at the South African Broadcasting Corporation. This book - astonishing for the breadth of its coverage - is based on his diaries, on interviews he conducted and on numerous other sources, and we find in it not only the well-known names of recent South African music but a countless host of others whose contribution must be recorded if we and future generations are to gain an accurate picture of South African music history of the late 20th and early 21st centuries.
The Trek and Other Stories
(2009)
Much has been said over the last decade about the forcible eviction of the white farmers in Zimbabwe, less about the plight of the farm-workers, while the voice of the new settlers, and militia manipulated for a cause, has remained virtually unheard. This short but powerful anthology, The Trek and Other Stories, provides sensitive and illuminating, wry and comic perspectives on those people who occupied the land believing their future was golden, only for it to crumble in front of their faces.
When George J. George mistook his white Ford Escort for the moon, he knew his time was up.' When Mr George loses his job teaching English at a private secondary school in Bulawayo, 'his pension payout, after forty years of full-time service, bought him two jam doughnuts and a soft tomato.' When he backs his uninsured white Ford Escort into a brand new Mercedes Benz, the out-of-court settlement sees him giving up his house to the complainant, Beauticious Nyamayakanuna, and becoming her domestic servant. Through the prism of this engaging post-colonial role reversal, and spiced with George's lessons on Shakespeare, John Eppel draws down the curtain on one particular white man in Africa. But before it's time to go, George will delight us with the antics of his literature classes; his various arrests - all timed to coincide with the police chief's need for help with essays on Hamlet and A Grain of Wheat; his keen eye for flora and fauna; and the long trek back through the hundred years of his family's Zimbabwean past, as he returns an abandoned child to her home. Eppel has satirized the racial politics of southern Africa in many of his previous novels. In Absent: The English Teacher he turns his gaze inwards for a generous and richly rewarding parody of the land of his birth.
Dr. Marshall Murphree is a prominent scholar in the elds of common property theory, rural development, and natural resource management. After graduating from the London School of Economics with a doctorate in social anthropology, he returned home to Zimbabwe to work as a missionary before joining the University of Zimbabwe, where he became director, and subsequently Professor Emeritus, of the Centre for Applied Social Sciences. Beyond Proprietorship presents a range of contributions to the May 2007 conference held to honour Murphreeís work, and it conveys his central concerns of equality and fairness. The focus is on marginalised people living in poor and remote regions of Zimbabwe, but also includes important discussions about the policy implications of regional tenure regimes, and the place of local resource management in global conservation politics. The book is essential reading for anyone interested in the recent history and experience of remote area development, semi-arid agriculture, conservation, and wildlife utilisation in southern Africa.
This is the first book on German-African economic relations published in Russia in the last 25 years. It covers a whole spectrum of Germany's bi-lateral and multilateral relations with the countries of Africa, including commercial ties, money transfers, direct and portfolio investment, movement of labor resources, etc. Special attention is given to the legal framework and political context of German-African cooperation. Germany's role in implementing EU joint policy in Africa is analyzed in detail for the first time in the Russian economic literature. The book will be of interest to scholars, university students as well as business people, interested in the contemporary economic, political and social development of Africa.
Soweto during the 1970s was riven with violence and brutality, the brunt of which was borne by the young people of that period, who took the lead in the struggle against apartheid oppression. Himself a product of the era, Sol Rachilo turned both to science and to art as he strove to depict the atmosphere and the emotions of the people of those tumultuous times. Not relying solely on his own deeply engraved memories, he spent 18 months researching the events which swirled around the Morris Isaacson High School, a magnet for the activists and intellectuals of the time. The book especially highlights the happenings of 1976 and 1977, two years of strife in this politically charged township which was the home of all the founding fathers of what Sol calls, 'our cherished freedom' - Nelson Mandela, Walter Sisulu, Nthato Motlana, Desmond Tutu, Mothopeng and Sobukwe.
This September Sun
(2009)
This September Sun won the Best First Book prize at the 2010 Zimbabwe Book Publishers' Association Awards. The book is a chronicle of the lives of two women, the romantic Evelyn and her granddaughter Ellie. Growing up in post-Independence Zimbabwe, Ellie yearns for a life beyond the confines of small town Bulawayo, a wish that eventually comes true when she moves to the United Kingdom. However, life there is not all she dreamed it to be, but it is the murder of her grandmother that eventually brings her back home and forces her to face some hard home truths through the unravelling of long-concealed family secrets.
Silent Cry: Echoes of Young Zimbabwe Voices is a book of twenty-eight stories and fourteen poems, written by thirty-three young people from Zimbabwe's second city, Bulawayo. The pieces cover many issues, including family, gender, relationships, race, alienation, disability, HIV/AIDS, border jumping and the struggle to survive in Zimbabwe.
Hester se Brood
(2009)
Hester se Brood, in Afrikaans, is set in a small town in the Little Karoo, where Hester van der Walt bakes bread in a woodfired oven for the local market in MacGregor. The book is inhabited by the spirit of the poets C. Louis Leipoldt and Martin Versfeld, as Hester van der Walt has the same deep rooted, intuitive connection between food and soul, especially food that is prepared with traditional ingredients and methods. Along with generous portions of soul food comes a down to earth delicious recipes that show you how to bake classic European breads, like ciabatta, focaccia, kitke and baguettes as well as good old-fashioned sourdough breads. Van der Walt's fine sense of humour, and her valuing of the magic interplay between fire and wood, grain and salt, water and yeast and time - the basics elements necessary for baking real bread, makes this book as irresistible as the savour of freshly baked bread, as it comes out of the oven.
Becoming Zimbabwe is the first comprehensive history of Zimbabwe, spanning the years from 850 to 2008. In 1997, the then Secretary General of the Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions, Morgan Tsvangirai, expressed the need for a 'more open and critical process of writing history in Zimbabwe. ...The history of a nation-in-the-making should not be reduced to a selective heroic tradition, but should be a tolerant and continuing process of questioning and re-examination.' Becoming Zimbabwe tracks the idea of national belonging and citizenship and explores the nature of state rule, the changing contours of the political economy, and the regional and international dimensions of the country's history. In their Introduction, Brian Raftopoulos and Alois Mlambo enlarge on these themes, and Gerald Mazarire's opening chapter sets the pre-colonial background. Sabelo Ndlovu tracks the history up to WW11, and Alois Mlambo reviews developments in the settler economy and the emergence of nationalism leading to UDI in 1965. The politics and economics of the UDI period, and the subsequent war of liberation, are covered by Joesph Mtisi, Munyaradzi Nyakudya and Teresa Barnes. After independence in 1980, Zimbabwe enjoyed a period of buoyancy and hope. James Muzondidya's chapter details the transition 'from buoyancy to crisis', and Brian Raftopoulos concludes the book with an analysis of the decade-long crisis and the global political agreement which followed.
Unter dem Vorzeichen der "Reform" kündigen sich heute fundamentale Veränderungen der Institution Universität an. Die Prinzipien der Hochschulautonomie, der Wissenschaftsfreiheit und einer Bildung, die mehr ist als Ausbildung, werden dabei in nie gekanntem Maße ausgehöhlt. Die Konsequenzen für Universität und Gesellschaft sind noch kaum bedacht und analysiert worden. Was ist aus der modernen Universität geworden, wie sie um 1800 entworfen wurde? Wie behauptet sie ihren Anspruch gegenüber den aktuellen Forderungen nach Effizienz und Exzellenz?
Die Beiträge des Bandes widmen sich diesen Fragen aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven.
The present study focuses on the Benthic Macroinvertebrate Fauna of natural running waters and semi-natural stagnant waters of Himalayan region and Lowlands in the Ganges River Basin. Habitat quality assessment using three different biotic scores was applied for 32 sampling sites of running waters and 26 sampling sites of stagnant waters. Benthic Macroinvertebrates were used as bio-indicators. Calculation of water quality was done based on a recently established five-class system, to describe the degree of organic pollution. Sampling localities are covering all longitudinal biocoenotic zones and lateral zones to include the traditionally well defined types of running and stagnant waters of altitudinal range from 54- to 2480 m asl. The impact of natural organic load was studied to describe the variation of Ecological quality classes within different eco-regions. Ecological quality was defined as a result of the water quality class together with the eco-morphology status of the water body. Class I (Excellent) is present only in spring-near headwaters of forested areas or in running waters coming from higher elevations between 490 to 2500 m asl. Class II (Good) and III (Moderate) is the normal reference condition for lowlands and the Gangetic plains. Wetlands, oxbow-lakes and "old" ponds have usually class II or III, independent from the grade of forests due to natural organic load accumulated during monsoon flood. Water quality undergoes seasonal changes from III (moderate) in pre-monsoon to II (good) during and after monsoon. The highest diversity with >30-42 identified taxa per sampling site (Class I) was found in the Rhithron zone of densely forested parts of Nepal, followed with >20-30 identified taxa by the Metapotamon zone (Class II, III) of large rivers in the Gangetic Plains of India. In stagnant water bodies the maximum diversity reaches >30-76 identified taxa (Class II, III) in Nepal and Maharashtra between 197-1170 m asl, whereas the floodplain wetland diversity reaches only 27 taxa (Class III). The proposed use of selected Insect-groups as bio-indicators for Lowlands and Middle Mountains includes colored illustrated catalogue of Dragonflies (Odonata), Bugs (Heteroptera), and Cockroaches (Blattodea). 12 families with 31 taxa of Odonata Nymphs, 14 families with 27 taxa of Heteroptera Nymphs and Adults, one family with two taxa of Blattodea Nymphs and Adults are described and figured with identification characters and ecological habitat observations. This will be the first key based on material mainly from Nepal and India for the Ganges River Basin.
Mit ihrer Studie zur pädagogischen Berufsarbeit und Zufriedenheit von Pädagogen liefert Julia Schütz erstmalig eine quantitative und segmentübergreifende Betrachtung der pädagogisch Tätigen in Deutschland. Sie befragt 424 Pädagogen der Elementarstufe, Sekundarstufe I und aus der Weiterbildung in Hessen und wertet die Ergebnisse kritisch aus. Der Zusammenhang von Zufriedenheit - z.B. im Hinblick auf die eigenen Lebensumstände (Alter, Gehalt, Familienstand etc.) - und dem Grad der kollektiven Professionalisierung des Bildungssegments steht dabei im Fokus der Studie.
In diesem Dossier setzen sich junge Menschen – mit und ohne Migrationshintergrund – mit den Konstruktionen, verallgemeinernden und exotisierenden Vorurteilen gegen MigrantInnen auseinander, die den gesellschaftlichen Diskurs bestimmen. Die AutorInnen, alle derzeit StipendiatInnen der Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung, bringen - mal empört und provokativ, mal beschreibend und empathisch – ihre Haltung zum polarisierenden Diskurs über „In- und Ausländer“ zum Ausdruck und zeigen, dass und wie es auch anders geht. Ihre Geschichten sind geprägt von ihren eigenen Erfahrungen aus ihrem Leben in Deutschland oder ihren Einblicken in das Leben der „Anderen“.
Ihre Analysen, Interviews, Portraits oder Erzählungen in den drei Rubriken zeigen mit dem Finger auf manche Wunde unserer Gesellschaft – auf die Hürden und Blockaden, die MigrantInnen von der gleichberechtigten Teilhabe abhalten und ihren sozialen Aufstieg behindern.
It is well known that Luis Kutner (1908-1993) played an important role in the development of the living will (advance directive, Patientenverfügung). But it is not clear when he developed his concept. We have screened the Luis Kutner Papers,deposited at the Hoover Institution Archives at Stanford University to answer this question. We found out that in the second half of 1967, Kutner dealt intensively with the issue of euthanasia. On December 7, 1967, he delivered a speech at the annual meeting of the Euthanasia Society in New York and presented the concept of the living will to the audience. So Kutner surely was a pioneer in this field, but further research is necessary to clarify, if he (or maybe Elsa W. Simon or Abraham L. Wolbarst) was the "originator" of the living will concept in the sense of passive euthanasia.
Dieser Band dokumentiert die Vorträge des ersten „Familienrechtlichen Forums Göttingen“, das am 28. Juni 2008 stattgefunden hat. Unmittelbar vor dem Abschluss des Gesetzgebungsverfahrens erörterten Experten aus Wissenschaft, Politik und Praxis das im September 2009 in Kraft tretende „Gesetz über das Verfahren in Familiensachen und in den Angelegenheiten der freiwilligen Gerichtsbarkeit“ (FamFG). Der Band enthält einen Überblick über die Grundzüge des neuen Familienverfahrensrechts sowie Analysen und Stellungnahmen zu einzelnen Bereichen. Dabei werden schwerpunktmäßig das neue Rechtsmittel- und Vollstreckungssystem, das Hinwirken auf Einvernehmen, das Vermittlungsverfahren, der Verfahrensbeistand, der Umgangspfleger und das Verfahren bei Kindeswohlgefährdung behandelt. Darüber hinaus wird eine interdisziplinäre Perspektive durch die soziologische Einordnung der derzeitigen Reformen in den Kontext der allgemeinen Familien- und Sozialpolitik eröffnet.
The Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS) is held alternately in France and in Germany. The conference of February 26-28, 2009, held in Freiburg, is the 26th in this series. Previous meetings took place in Paris (1984), Saarbr¨ucken (1985), Orsay (1986), Passau (1987), Bordeaux (1988), Paderborn (1989), Rouen (1990), Hamburg (1991), Cachan (1992), W¨urzburg (1993), Caen (1994), M¨unchen (1995), Grenoble (1996), L¨ubeck (1997), Paris (1998), Trier (1999), Lille (2000), Dresden (2001), Antibes (2002), Berlin (2003), Montpellier (2004), Stuttgart (2005), Marseille (2006), Aachen (2007), and Bordeaux (2008). ...
„Lehrhaftes Sprechen“ ist eine Grundgegebenheit mittelalterlicher Literatur. Unter dem Schlagwort „Dichtung und Didaxe“ stellen sich darum renommierte Germanisten die Aufgabe, zentrale deutsche Texte des 12. bis 15. Jahrhunderts auf ihre lehrhafte Dimension hin zu untersuchen und deren rhetorische Strategien zu durchleuchten. Der Band eröffnet eine grundlegend geänderte Sichtweise auf die Funktionszusammenhänge mittelalterlicher deutscher Literatur und entwirft ein konsistentes Gesamtbild der Literatursituation des ausgehenden Mittelalters.
Prefácio Estas notas gramaticais têm a sua origem num encontro de trabalho que teve lugar em Maio de 2002 na Localidade de Ntete, Distrito de Balama, na Província de Cabo Delgado. O ensino foi dirigido pelo linguista dr. Oliver Kröger. Marcaram presença o Presidente da Localidade de Ntete, o José Maninga, o Mwene Mphicimu, o Mwene Kotope, Líder Comunitário Akhulapa, Jacob Celestino Rahisse, Francisco Amimo Pihali, Benjamin Fernando Liua e dr. John David Iseminger. A elaboração deste esboço gramatical foi realizada num seminário linguístico nas instalações da Sociedade Internacional de Linguística em Nampula onde também fez parte o Arlindo de Sousa Hermínio. O que se procura nesta modesta contribuição ao ambiente sociocultural da nossa província é uma abordagem ao sistema gramatical de makhuwa-imeetto. Não é uma gramática completa, pois, é uma breve introdução. Mas o nosso desejo é que esta pequena obra seja útil aos que estão envolvidos na elaboração da literatura em makhuwa-imeetto e o seu ensino nos vários projectos de alfabetização na língua materna em Cabo Delgado. Queremos agradecer o Senhor Oliver Kröger pela iniciativa, apoio e desenvolvimento desta obra. dr. John David Iseminger Março ao ano 2009
Prefácio Estas notas gramaticais são o resultado dos trabalhos da Sociedade Internacional de Linguística (SIL), em Moçambique. O propósito da série Mongrafias Linguísticas Moçambicanas é de encorajar o uso da língua local, neste caso concreto, do Echuwabo através da descrição estruturada e facilitar ao público em geral um melhor acesso a mais um aspecto da rica cultura moçambicana. As notas sobre Ecuwabu foram produzidas durante o workshop “Descubra a Sua Língua”, conduzido no centro de treinamento da SIL, na cidade de Nampula, de 4 a 20 de Junho de 2006. Os participantes receberam formação na estrutura das línguas bantu em geral, depois investigaram suas línguas maternas. Esta brochura não serve como “a última palavra” sobre a língua Ecuwabu, mas serve para estimular mais interesse no uso e estudo da língua Ecuwabu, seja pelos falantes, seja por não falantes deste idioma. Importa salientar que a audiência que tinhamos na mente é o cidadão sem formação académica, aos estudiosos recomendamos a leitura dos livros e artigos linguísticos indicados no anexo bibliográfico. Queria agradecer o Sr. Romão Marçal, que teclou este documento no computador, e as nossas colegas, Sra. Susan Seiler e Sra. Marijane Beutler que fizeram o trabalho de formatação e impressão do presente livro. dr. Oliver Kröger Nampula, Junho de 2003
Qual o papel que a política social desempenha no desenvolvimento? Que ferramentas teóricas e conceptuais podemos usar para compreender melhor esse papel - considerando que as de que dispomos actualmente são, na maioria, as associadas aos modelos socioeconómicos e políticos dos países mais industrializados? Neste trabalho procuramos analisar estas questões, com base na reflexão sobre os modelos de regimes de bem-estar aplicados à realidade dos países em desenvolvimento. Nesta discussão recorremos a um conceito de política social abrangente e, nesse sentido, procurámos identificar a multi-dimensionalidade de funções que aquela pode desempenhar no desenvolvimento, designadamente em sociedades caracterizadas pela instabilidade e pela fragilidade institucional. Por outro lado, considerando a dependência que grande parte dos PED vive em relação à ajuda pública ao desenvolvimento, procurámos perceber também, de que modo a política social é entendida pelos actores-chave da cooperação – qual a posição que ocupa na agenda actual, dominada pelos objectivos da luta contra a pobreza, da melhoria dos níveis de saúde e de educação? Este articulado de questões está vertido na análise do caso da Guiné-Bissau numa perspectiva de regime de bem-estar, cuja evolução recente tem sido marcada pela instabilidade política, conflito, e degradação dos níveis de bem-estar. Palavras-Chave: Política Social, regimes de bem-estar, cooperação para o desenvolvimento, Estados “frágeis,” Guiné-Bissau
Annes Interesse richtete sich, wie wir dem Tagebuch entnehmen können, besonders auf die zeitgenössische niederländische Literatur. Der Wille des Vaters, den Kindern die Dramen Goethes und Schillers näher zu bringen, ist zwar durch den zitierten Eintrag belegt, welche Bedeutung diese Lektüre für Anne selbst hatte, darüber lässt sich jedoch nur spekulieren. Wir wissen aber aus anderen Quellen, dass viele der von den Nationalsozialisten Verfolgten, Vertriebenen, Eingesperrten und Gequälten aus den Werken der „Klassiker“ und ihrer humanistischen Botschaft Hoffnung schöpften und darin Trost fanden. Gleichzeitig jedoch vereinnahmten die Machthaber dieses kulturelle Erbe propagandistisch für ihre nationalistischen und rassistischen Zwecke. Dass die Ausstellung „Anne Frank – Eine Geschichte für heute“ jetzt in der „Klassikerstadt“ Weimar gezeigt wird, in deren unmittelbarer Umgebung sich mit dem Konzentrationslager Buchenwald ein Ort befindet, dessen Name zu einem Synonym für den nationalsozialistischen Terror geworden ist, kann daher durchaus auch zum Anlass genommen werden, diesen beiden so gegensätzlichen Strängen der Rezeptionsgeschichte der „Weimarer Klassik“ und insbesondere der Werke Goethes und Schillers in den Jahren von 1933 bis 1945 einmal etwas genauer nachzugehen. Das vorliegende Arbeitsmaterial stellt dafür in kommentierter Form exemplarische Texte zur Verfügung.
In der vorliegenden Arbeit soll untersucht werden, welche Bedeutung die ausländischen Verlagsunternehmen für die Buchmärkte des anglophonen Afrika hatten. Die erfolgreichsten und am weitläufigsten aufgestellten Verlage, die bereits zu Kolonialzeiten den Weg in das afrikanische Geschäft mit Schulbüchern gesucht hatten, waren und sind im anglophonen Afrika bis heute die Häuser Longman, Oxford University Press (Oxford UP, OUP), Macmillan und Heinemann Educational Books (HEB). Im Folgenden werden daher diese Unternehmen im Fokus der Ausführungen stehen. (...) Der Blick wird in dieser Arbeit über die 1960er und 1970er Jahre hinaus gerichtet – in einer chronologisch vorgehenden Untersuchung soll herausgearbeitet werden, auf welche Art die ursprünglich britischen Verlagskonzerne den anglophonen Buchmärkten bis heute verbunden sind. Ziel dieser Analyse wird es sein herauszustellen, ob und in welcher Weise sich das Engagement der Verlage im Verlauf der Jahrzehnte gewandelt hat und welche Auswirkungen ihre Aktivitäten auf die betreffenden Märkte hatten. Ist heute – im Gegensatz zu den erhobenen Vorwürfen der 1960er und 1970er Jahre – ein verantwortungsbewusstes Handeln der Verlage und ihrer Mutterkonzerne gegenüber den Buchmärkten, in denen sie tätig sind, auszumachen?
CITIES (Chemistry and Industry for Teachers in European Schools) ist ein COMENIUS-Projekt, in dessen Rahmen Materialien für den Chemieunterricht erstellt und erprobt werden. Diese Materialien sollen Lehrkräften helfen, ihren Unterricht attraktiver zu gestalten, indem der Bezug sowohl zum Alltag und der Lebenswelt als auch zur chemischen Industrie aufgezeigt wird. Forensische Chemie Aber was kann Schülerinnen und Schüler faszinieren? Nicht nur Erwachsene, auch Heranwachsende lösen gerne Rätsel, besonders wenn es sich um die Aufklärung von Kriminalfällen handelt. Nicht umsonst spielen Kriminalromane sowie Filme und Fernsehsendungen, die sich mit solchen Themen beschäftigen, eine große Rolle in der Unterhaltungsindustrie. Das angesprochene Interesse kann genutzt werden: Bei der Sicherung und dem Nachweis von Spuren werden häufig chemische Verfahren eingesetzt, von denen eine ganze Reihe einfach auch im Schulexperiment nachvollzogen werden kann. Es war deshalb naheliegend, die Forensische Chemie als einen Themenschwerpunkt des Moduls zu wählen. Folgende Materialien wurden zusammengestellt: 1. Eine Einführung in die Forensische Chemie dient zur Vorbereitung des Unterrichts und führt in eine Auswahl von Methoden der Spurensicherung und des Spurennachweises ein. s.a URN: urn:nbn:de:hebis:30-61651 ; URL: http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/volltexte/2010/6165/ 2. Eine Sammlung von einfachen Versuchen zur Forensischen Chemie vermittelt einen praktischen Zugang zu diesem Thema mit einfachen Mitteln. s.a URN: urn:nbn:de:hebis:30-61651 ; URL: http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/volltexte/2010/6165/ 3. Die Darstellung eines Kriminalfalles, zu dessen Lösung chemisches Wissen eine große Rolle spielt, eröffnet die Möglichkeit, auf spannende Weise Inhalte zu wiederholen und zu vertiefen. s.a. URN: urn:nbn:de:hebis:30-86529 ; URL: http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/volltexte/2010/8652/ 4. In einem weiteren Beispiele wird die Methode des Gruppenpuzzles eingesetzt. Auch hier müssen die Schülerinnen und Schüler einen Kriminalfall lösen, wobei unterschiedliche Methoden, Fingerabdrücke sichtbar zu machen, sowie Gipsabdrücke, ein Blutnachweis und - theoretisch - die Elektrophorese zum Einsatz kommen. 5. Eine kurze Einführung in die Forensische Chemie wird zusätzlich in Form eines Lernprogramms angeboten. Das Lernprogramm „Forensische Chemie - Mit Chemie auf Verbrecherjagd" fasst die wichtigsten Inhalte des Unterrichtmaterials zu 1. - 4. kurz und seitenorientiert zusammen. Das Programm bietet Ihnen neben einer individuellen und nutzerzentrierten Navigation über das angezeigte Pfeilkreuz die Möglichkeit, zwischendurch immer wieder Ihr Wissen zu überprüfen. Die Inhalte werden in jedem gängigen WebBrowser angezeigt. http://cities.eu.org/lernbar/index.htm Die unter den Punkten 1 und 2 aufgeführten Materialien können die Grundlage für einen längeren Kurs sein, oder es können einzelne Aspekte im Zusammenhang mit anderen Themen des Chemieunterrichts erarbeitet werden. Ein Beispiel ist die Verwendung von Cyanacrylat zum Nachweis von Fingerabdrücken. Dieser Inhalt lässt sich sowohl im größeren Zusammenhang der Forensischen Chemie behandeln als auch im Rahmen der Chemie der Kunststoffe.
CITIES (Chemistry and Industry for Teachers in European Schools) ist ein COMENIUS-Projekt, in dessen Rahmen Materialien für den Chemieunterricht erstellt und erprobt werden. Diese Materialien sollen Lehrkräften helfen, ihren Unterricht attraktiver zu gestalten, indem der Bezug sowohl zum Alltag und der Lebenswelt als auch zur chemischen Industrie aufgezeigt wird. Forensische Chemie Aber was kann Schülerinnen und Schüler faszinieren? Nicht nur Erwachsene, auch Heranwachsende lösen gerne Rätsel, besonders wenn es sich um die Aufklärung von Kriminalfällen handelt. Nicht umsonst spielen Kriminalromane sowie Filme und Fernsehsendungen, die sich mit solchen Themen beschäftigen, eine große Rolle in der Unterhaltungsindustrie. Das angesprochene Interesse kann genutzt werden: Bei der Sicherung und dem Nachweis von Spuren werden häufig chemische Verfahren eingesetzt, von denen eine ganze Reihe einfach auch im Schulexperiment nachvollzogen werden kann. Es war deshalb naheliegend, die Forensische Chemie als einen Themenschwerpunkt des Moduls zu wählen. Folgende Materialien wurden zusammengestellt: 1. Eine Einführung in die Forensische Chemie dient zur Vorbereitung des Unterrichts und führt in eine Auswahl von Methoden der Spurensicherung und des Spurennachweises ein. s.a URN: urn:nbn:de:hebis:30-61651 ; URL: http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/volltexte/2010/6165/ 2. Eine Sammlung von einfachen Versuchen zur Forensischen Chemie vermittelt einen praktischen Zugang zu diesem Thema mit einfachen Mitteln. s.a URN: urn:nbn:de:hebis:30-61651 ; URL: http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/volltexte/2010/6165/ 3. Die Darstellung eines Kriminalfalles, zu dessen Lösung chemisches Wissen eine große Rolle spielt, eröffnet die Möglichkeit, auf spannende Weise Inhalte zu wiederholen und zu vertiefen. 4. In einem weiteren Beispiele wird die Methode des Gruppenpuzzles eingesetzt. Auch hier müssen die Schülerinnen und Schüler einen Kriminalfall lösen, wobei unterschiedliche Methoden, Fingerabdrücke sichtbar zu machen, sowie Gipsabdrücke, ein Blutnachweis und - theoretisch - die Elektrophorese zum Einsatz kommen. s.a. URN: urn:nbn:de:hebis:30-86539 ; URL: http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/volltexte/2010/8653/ 5. Eine kurze Einführung in die Forensische Chemie wird zusätzlich in Form eines Lernprogramms angeboten. Das Lernprogramm „Forensische Chemie - Mit Chemie auf Verbrecherjagd" fasst die wichtigsten Inhalte des Unterrichtmaterials zu 1. - 4. kurz und seitenorientiert zusammen. Das Programm bietet Ihnen neben einer individuellen und nutzerzentrierten Navigation über das angezeigte Pfeilkreuz die Möglichkeit, zwischendurch immer wieder Ihr Wissen zu überprüfen. Die Inhalte werden in jedem gängigen WebBrowser angezeigt. http://cities.eu.org/lernbar/index.htm Die unter den Punkten 1 und 2 aufgeführten Materialien können die Grundlage für einen längeren Kurs sein, oder es können einzelne Aspekte im Zusammenhang mit anderen Themen des Chemieunterrichts erarbeitet werden. Ein Beispiel ist die Verwendung von Cyanacrylat zum Nachweis von Fingerabdrücken. Dieser Inhalt lässt sich sowohl im größeren Zusammenhang der Forensischen Chemie behandeln als auch im Rahmen der Chemie der Kunststoffe.
Forensische Chemie - mit Chemie auf Verbrecherjagd : eine Einführung für den Chemieunterricht
(2009)
CITIES (Chemistry and Industry for Teachers in European Schools) ist ein COMENIUS-Projekt, in dessen Rahmen Materialien für den Chemieunterricht erstellt und erprobt werden. Diese Materialien sollen Lehrkräften helfen, ihren Unterricht attraktiver zu gestalten, indem der Bezug sowohl zum Alltag und der Lebenswelt als auch zur chemischen Industrie aufgezeigt wird. Forensische Chemie Aber was kann Schülerinnen und Schüler faszinieren? Nicht nur Erwachsene, auch Heranwachsende lösen gerne Rätsel, besonders wenn es sich um die Aufklärung von Kriminalfällen handelt. Nicht umsonst spielen Kriminalromane sowie Filme und Fernsehsendungen, die sich mit solchen Themen beschäftigen, eine große Rolle in der Unterhaltungsindustrie. Das angesprochene Interesse kann genutzt werden: Bei der Sicherung und dem Nachweis von Spuren werden häufig chemische Verfahren eingesetzt, von denen eine ganze Reihe einfach auch im Schulexperiment nachvollzogen werden kann. Es war deshalb naheliegend, die Forensische Chemie als einen Themenschwerpunkt des Moduls zu wählen. Folgende Materialien wurden zusammengestellt: 1. Eine Einführung in die Forensische Chemie dient zur Vorbereitung des Unterrichts und führt in eine Auswahl von Methoden der Spurensicherung und des Spurennachweises ein. 2. Eine Sammlung von einfachen Versuchen zur Forensischen Chemie vermittelt einen praktischen Zugang zu diesem Thema mit einfachen Mitteln. 3. Die Darstellung eines Kriminalfalles, zu dessen Lösung chemisches Wissen eine große Rolle spielt, eröffnet die Möglichkeit, auf spannende Weise Inhalte zu wiederholen und zu vertiefen. s.a. URN: urn:nbn:de:hebis:30-86529 ; URL: http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/volltexte/2010/8652/ 4. In einem weiteren Beispiele wird die Methode des Gruppenpuzzles eingesetzt. Auch hier müssen die Schülerinnen und Schüler einen Kriminalfall lösen, wobei unterschiedliche Methoden, Fingerabdrücke sichtbar zu machen, sowie Gipsabdrücke, ein Blutnachweis und - theoretisch - die Elektrophorese zum Einsatz kommen. s.a. URN: urn:nbn:de:hebis:30-86539 ; URL: http://publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/volltexte/2010/8653/ 5. Eine kurze Einführung in die Forensische Chemie wird zusätzlich in Form eines Lernprogramms angeboten. Das Lernprogramm „Forensische Chemie - Mit Chemie auf Verbrecherjagd" fasst die wichtigsten Inhalte des Unterrichtmaterials zu 1. - 4. kurz und seitenorientiert zusammen. Das Programm bietet Ihnen neben einer individuellen und nutzerzentrierten Navigation über das angezeigte Pfeilkreuz die Möglichkeit, zwischendurch immer wieder Ihr Wissen zu überprüfen. Die Inhalte werden in jedem gängigen WebBrowser angezeigt. http://cities.eu.org/lernbar/index.htm Die unter den Punkten 1 und 2 aufgeführten Materialien können die Grundlage für einen längeren Kurs sein, oder es können einzelne Aspekte im Zusammenhang mit anderen Themen des Chemieunterrichts erarbeitet werden. Ein Beispiel ist die Verwendung von Cyanacrylat zum Nachweis von Fingerabdrücken. Dieser Inhalt lässt sich sowohl im größeren Zusammenhang der Forensischen Chemie behandeln als auch im Rahmen der Chemie der Kunststoffe.
Contents vii Acknowledgements ix Translator’s Note xi Foreword to the 2009 Edition Steffen Böhm and Campbell Jones xiii Foreword xvii 1 The struggle against liberalism in the totalitarian view of the state 1 2 The concept of essence 31 3 The affirmative character of culture 65 4 Philosophy and critical theory 99 5 On hedonism 119 6 Industrialization and capitalism in the work of Max Weber 151 7 Love mystified: A critique of Norman O. Brown 171 8 Aggressiveness in advanced industrial societies 187 Notes 203 Chapter 1 originally published in German in Zeitschrift für Sozialforschung, vol. III (1934). Chapter 2 originally published in German in Zeitschrift für Sozialforschung, vol. V (1936). Chapter 3 originally published in German in Zeitschrift für Sozialforschung, vol. VI (1937). Chapter 4 originally published in German in Zeitschrift für Sozialforschung, vol. VI (1937). Chapter 5 originally published in German in Zeitschrift für Sozialforschung, vol. VII (1938). Chapter 6 first published in German in Max Weber und die Soziologie heute (1964). This translation is based on a revised form of the essay first published in German in Kultur in Gesellschaft (1965). Chapter 7 (‘Love Mystified’) was first published in Commentary, February 1967. Norman O. Brown’s response (‘A reply to Herbert Marcuse’) was published in Commentary in March 1967. Chapter 8 printed first in Negations (Allen Lane/Penguin Press, 1968).
Während Anglizismen in deutscher Jugend- und Standardsprache bereits gut untersucht sind, stellt der Einfluss des Englischen auf multiethnolektale Varietäten des Deutschen noch ein unbestelltes Feld dar. Mit diesem Beitrag möchten wir einen Anstoß für künftige Forschungsarbeit in diesem Gebiet geben und zugleich einige erste Schritte unternehmen
Anlass dieses Berichts: Im Frühjahr 2009 ergingen Rundschreiben zahlreicher deutscher Innenministerien an die zuständigen Ausländerbehörden, noch in Deutschland lebenden Personen aus dem Kosovo, die über keinen gesicherten Aufenthaltsstatus verfügen, die freiwillige Ausreise nahe zu legen und die Abschiebung anzudrohen. Am 15.09.2009 erfolgte von Karlsruhe/Baden Baden die erste Charterabschiebung, die zahlreiche Roma-Angehörige betraf, am 28.09.2009 eine zweite von Düsseldorf. Und dies, obwohl der UN Hochkommissar für Flüchtlinge in seinem noch immer gültigen Bericht von 2006 von Abschiebungen von Roma-Angehörigen in den Kosovo eindringlich abrät. Dies legt die Vermutung nahe, dass nicht die – weitgehend unveränderte – Lage im Kosovo, sondern allein die Möglichkeit, die nunmehr zuständige kosovarische Regierung zur Zustimmung zu Abschiebungen nun auch von Roma zu bewegen, ausschlaggebend ist für die derzeitige Praxis verstärkter Abschiebungen. Unter solchen Umständen war es ein Anliegen von PRO ASYL, die Situation von Abgeschobenen genauer zu recherchieren und zu dokumentieren. Es existiert eine Vielzahl von Berichten zur allgemeinen, politischen, sozialen und ökonomischen Situation im Kosovo. Sie sind umfassend und aktuell. Allerdings sagen diese Beschreibungen wenig aus über die Potentiale Abgeschobener, unter meist widrigen Umständen eine relative (in manchen Fällen brutale) Gewalterfahrung und einen abrupten Bruch mit ihrem vorherigen Leben zu verarbeiten. Eine Bestandsaufnahme der Lebenssituation und Chancen Abgeschobener versprach Einsichten in die Möglichkeiten Abgeschobener, ein Leben unter menschenwürdigen Bedingungen zu führen.
Der Regisseur Ulrich Köhler schreibt zur Begründung, warum er keine politischen Filme mache: "Die Logik des Politischen ist verschieden von der Logik des Künstlerischen." Politik strebt, so Köhler, nach einem Kompromiss und verfolgt einen Zweck, Kunst dagegen kann kompromisslos und offen sein. Doch Politik im Film gibt es vermutlich so lange, wie es das Medium Film überhaupt gibt. Längst ist der politische Anspruch nicht mehr nur in Dokumentarfilmen und Reportagen zu finden. In Kino, Fernsehen und Internet werden gesellschaftlich und politisch relevante Themen in vielfältiger filmischer Form aufgegriffen. Die Welt beobachten und darstellen. Dabei Stellung beziehen und die Zuschauer anregen, ihre Position zu überdenken. Das ist der politische Film.