Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (4916)
- Preprint (172)
- Doctoral Thesis (126)
- Conference Proceeding (81)
- Part of Periodical (12)
- Part of a Book (8)
- Book (7)
- Review (4)
- Working Paper (3)
- Report (1)
Language
- English (5330) (remove)
Has Fulltext
- yes (5330)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (5330) (remove)
Keywords
- inflammation (78)
- COVID-19 (56)
- SARS-CoV-2 (47)
- glioblastoma (38)
- cancer (37)
- apoptosis (36)
- Inflammation (35)
- prostate cancer (30)
- autophagy (29)
- breast cancer (27)
- Cancer (26)
- biomarker (23)
- immunotherapy (23)
- macrophage (23)
- ADHD (22)
- Apoptosis (22)
- Depression (21)
- Video (20)
- chemotherapy (19)
- epilepsy (19)
- mitochondria (19)
- pain (19)
- Breast cancer (18)
- aging (18)
- data science (18)
- hypoxia (18)
- reactive oxygen species (18)
- Epilepsy (17)
- microRNA (17)
- Biomarker (16)
- Quality of life (16)
- Treatment (16)
- angiogenesis (16)
- children (16)
- depression (16)
- glioma (16)
- Cirrhosis (15)
- Germany (15)
- Neuroscience (15)
- Stroke (15)
- Surgery (15)
- fMRI (15)
- proliferation (15)
- radical prostatectomy (15)
- Genetics (14)
- HIV (14)
- MRI (14)
- endothelial cells (14)
- obesity (14)
- schizophrenia (14)
- stroke (14)
- tumor microenvironment (14)
- Biomarkers (13)
- Capsule endoscopy (13)
- Human behaviour (13)
- Mortality (13)
- NADPH oxidase (13)
- Oncology (13)
- Outcome (13)
- Radiotherapy (13)
- attention (13)
- bladder cancer (13)
- cirrhosis (13)
- mTOR (13)
- macrophages (13)
- multiple sclerosis (13)
- quality of life (13)
- Angiogenesis (12)
- EEG (12)
- Gene expression (12)
- Immunotherapy (12)
- Machine learning (12)
- Magnetic resonance imaging (12)
- Mitochondria (12)
- ROS (12)
- cytokines (12)
- diagnosis (12)
- prevention (12)
- survival (12)
- targeted therapy (12)
- Chemotherapy (11)
- Endoscopy (11)
- Heart failure (11)
- Immunology (11)
- child (11)
- cognition (11)
- epidemiology (11)
- integrins (11)
- invasion (11)
- lung cancer (11)
- macrophage polarization (11)
- miRNA (11)
- mortality (11)
- outcome (11)
- psoriasis (11)
- radiotherapy (11)
- COPD (10)
- Diagnostic markers (10)
- Epidemiology (10)
- Hepatocellular carcinoma (10)
- Macrophages (10)
- Parkinson’s disease (10)
- Primary care (10)
- Research article (10)
- Small bowel (10)
- Survival (10)
- cell death (10)
- colorectal cancer (10)
- coronavirus (10)
- epigenetics (10)
- extracellular matrix (10)
- gene therapy (10)
- hepatitis C virus (10)
- infection (10)
- leukemia (10)
- metastasis (10)
- migration (10)
- neuroblastoma (10)
- oxidative stress (10)
- prevalence (10)
- proteomics (10)
- risk factors (10)
- surgery (10)
- treatment (10)
- Atrial fibrillation (9)
- Autophagy (9)
- Bipolar disorder (9)
- Blood (9)
- Children (9)
- General practice (9)
- Hemorrhage (9)
- PCR (9)
- Pain (9)
- Prostate cancer (9)
- Proteomics (9)
- Schizophrenia (9)
- Suicide (9)
- VEGF (9)
- artificial intelligence (9)
- brain metastases (9)
- complications (9)
- development (9)
- elderly (9)
- human (9)
- innate immunity (9)
- liver (9)
- machine learning (9)
- metabolism (9)
- neurodegeneration (9)
- osteoarthritis (9)
- portal hypertension (9)
- sphingosine-1-phosphate (9)
- ACLF (8)
- Acute myeloid leukemia (8)
- Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (8)
- Diagnosis (8)
- Drug therapy (8)
- Europe (8)
- Hepatitis C virus (8)
- Liver diseases (8)
- Molecular biology (8)
- Multimorbidity (8)
- NASH (8)
- Prognosis (8)
- Seizure (8)
- Trauma (8)
- adhesion (8)
- aortic stenosis (8)
- curcumin (8)
- differentiation (8)
- drug resistance (8)
- fibrosis (8)
- hepatocellular carcinoma (8)
- hereditary angioedema (8)
- magnetic resonance imaging (8)
- monocytes (8)
- p53 (8)
- periodontitis (8)
- physical activity (8)
- polytrauma (8)
- therapy (8)
- trauma (8)
- ubiquitin (8)
- vaccination (8)
- Autism spectrum disorder (7)
- Borrelia (7)
- Cell biology (7)
- DNA methylation (7)
- EGFR (7)
- Endothelial cells (7)
- Forensic entomology (7)
- HCV (7)
- HDAC (7)
- Herb induced liver injury (7)
- Hypoxia (7)
- Immunohistochemistry (7)
- Medical research (7)
- Mental health and psychiatry (7)
- NK cells (7)
- Obesity (7)
- PD-L1 (7)
- Patients (7)
- Postural control (7)
- TAVI (7)
- TRAIL (7)
- antiviral therapy (7)
- atherosclerosis (7)
- biomarkers (7)
- bipolar disorder (7)
- chronic kidney disease (7)
- efficacy (7)
- gender (7)
- gene expression (7)
- heart failure (7)
- hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (7)
- hippocampus (7)
- iron (7)
- liver cirrhosis (7)
- liver transplantation (7)
- machine-learning (7)
- microbiome (7)
- mouse (7)
- natural killer cells (7)
- neuropathic pain (7)
- polypharmacy (7)
- primary care (7)
- prognosis (7)
- renal cell carcinoma (7)
- seizure (7)
- sepsis (7)
- sphingolipids (7)
- thrombosis (7)
- toxicity (7)
- working memory (7)
- ATM (6)
- Adenocarcinoma (6)
- Antiviral therapy (6)
- Balloon enteroscopy (6)
- Calliphoridae (6)
- Cancer treatment (6)
- Clinical trial (6)
- Colorectal cancer (6)
- Comorbidity (6)
- Complications (6)
- Crohn’s disease (6)
- Data science (6)
- Death rates (6)
- Elderly (6)
- Enteroscopy (6)
- Glioblastoma (6)
- HBV (6)
- Histology (6)
- Hypertension (6)
- Incidence (6)
- Liver transplantation (6)
- Malaria (6)
- Mammakarzinom (6)
- Morbidity (6)
- Multiple sclerosis (6)
- Multivariate analysis (6)
- Neurology (6)
- Non-small cell lung cancer (6)
- Oral anticoagulation (6)
- Osteoporosis (6)
- PI3K (6)
- Patient blood management (6)
- Pneumonia (6)
- Portal hypertension (6)
- Pregnancy (6)
- Prevalence (6)
- Rare diseases (6)
- Reactive oxygen species (6)
- Rectal cancer (6)
- Rheumatoid arthritis (6)
- Risk factors (6)
- Surgical and invasive medical procedures (6)
- T cell (6)
- T cells (6)
- Transfusion (6)
- Translational research (6)
- Viral load (6)
- acute myeloid leukemia (6)
- acute-on-chronic liver failure (6)
- asthma (6)
- atrial fibrillation (6)
- bevacizumab (6)
- cochlear implant (6)
- conduct disorder (6)
- cytotoxicity (6)
- dentate gyrus (6)
- diabetes (6)
- diffusion tensor imaging (6)
- environmental tobacco smoke (6)
- exercise (6)
- exosomes (6)
- fibroblasts (6)
- flow cytometry (6)
- growth (6)
- immunity (6)
- immunohistochemistry (6)
- information theory (6)
- integrin (6)
- iron deficiency (6)
- melanoma (6)
- mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (6)
- microglia (6)
- multimorbidity (6)
- ovarian cancer (6)
- particulate matter (6)
- platelets (6)
- pregnancy (6)
- prophylaxis (6)
- qualitative research (6)
- radiation (6)
- resistance (6)
- safety (6)
- signal transduction (6)
- sphingosine 1-phosphate (6)
- stress (6)
- vitamin D (6)
- AML (5)
- Aging (5)
- Anticoagulation (5)
- Aortic stenosis (5)
- Artificial intelligence (5)
- Aspergillus (5)
- Atherosclerosis (5)
- Attention (5)
- Attitude (5)
- Autopsy (5)
- B cells (5)
- Biochemistry (5)
- C-reactive protein (5)
- Cardiovascular diseases (5)
- Cell signalling (5)
- Clinical trials (5)
- Cognition (5)
- Critical care (5)
- Cytokines (5)
- DMEK (5)
- Diabetes mellitus (5)
- Dopamine (5)
- Drug induced liver injury (5)
- Epigenetics (5)
- Ewing sarcoma (5)
- Exercise (5)
- Experimental models of disease (5)
- Gastric cancer (5)
- Gender (5)
- Gene regulation (5)
- Glioma (5)
- HIV-1 (5)
- HNSCC (5)
- Heart (5)
- Hepatotoxicity (5)
- Herbal hepatotoxicity (5)
- Hippocampus (5)
- Hodgkin lymphoma (5)
- IL-6 (5)
- MEG (5)
- Machine-learning (5)
- Melanoma (5)
- MicroRNAs (5)
- Molecular neuroscience (5)
- Mouse models (5)
- NF-κB (5)
- NK cell (5)
- NK-92 (5)
- NKG2D (5)
- Omicron (5)
- Outcomes (5)
- Parkinson's disease (5)
- Physical activity (5)
- Platelet-rich fibrin (5)
- Polypharmacy (5)
- Predictive markers (5)
- Prevention (5)
- Prävention (5)
- Psychiatric disorders (5)
- RUCAM (5)
- Radiomics (5)
- Randomized controlled trial (5)
- Rhabdomyosarcoma (5)
- Safety (5)
- Sepsis (5)
- Signaling (5)
- Smac (5)
- Surgical oncology (5)
- Targeted therapy (5)
- Training (5)
- Tumor microenvironment (5)
- Ubiquitination (5)
- Ultrasound (5)
- Vaccination (5)
- Validation (5)
- XIAP (5)
- acute coronary syndrome (5)
- acute lymphoblastic leukemia (5)
- adaptation (5)
- adolescents (5)
- ataxia telangiectasia (5)
- cardiac surgery (5)
- cell therapy (5)
- ceramides (5)
- chimeric antigen receptor (5)
- clinical trial (5)
- colon cancer (5)
- complement (5)
- critical care (5)
- dendritic cells (5)
- dental implants (5)
- digital medicine (5)
- everolimus (5)
- forensic entomology (5)
- functional magnetic resonance imaging (5)
- graph theory (5)
- guideline (5)
- histology (5)
- hyperglycemia (5)
- influenza (5)
- lipocalin-2 (5)
- liver fibrosis (5)
- lncRNA (5)
- medical students (5)
- meningioma (5)
- metabolomics (5)
- metastases (5)
- mice (5)
- mutual information (5)
- natural killer cell (5)
- outcomes (5)
- overall survival (5)
- patient blood management (5)
- patients (5)
- phosphorylation (5)
- plasticity (5)
- precision medicine (5)
- predictive coding (5)
- preeclampsia (5)
- prostaglandins (5)
- public health (5)
- quantitative MRI (5)
- regeneration (5)
- rhabdomyosarcoma (5)
- rheumatoid arthritis (5)
- sulforaphane (5)
- synaptic plasticity (5)
- systematic review (5)
- transcranial magnetic stimulation (5)
- tumor-associated macrophages (5)
- ubiquitination (5)
- valproic acid (5)
- vector (5)
- 177Lu-PSMA-617 (4)
- 3D printing (4)
- ABCB1 (4)
- ARDS (4)
- Acute inflammation (4)
- Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (4)
- Adhesion (4)
- Age groups (4)
- Alcohol (4)
- Alzheimer's disease (4)
- Alzheimer’s disease (4)
- Anemia (4)
- Angiography (4)
- Animal models (4)
- Aortic valve (4)
- Ascites (4)
- Aspergillus fumigatus (4)
- Ataxia telangiectasia (4)
- Autism (4)
- Bacterial infection (4)
- Behandlung (4)
- Biopsy (4)
- Bladder cancer (4)
- Blood pressure (4)
- Bone marrow (4)
- Brain (4)
- Brain metastasis (4)
- CIK cells (4)
- CRISPR/Cas9 (4)
- CT (4)
- CXCR4 (4)
- Cardiology (4)
- Cardiovascular disease (4)
- Cell staining (4)
- Cell therapy (4)
- Cesarean section (4)
- Chemoradiotherapy (4)
- Chronic kidney disease (4)
- Classification (4)
- Clinical genetics (4)
- Cochlear implant (4)
- Cohort studies (4)
- Consensus (4)
- DILI (4)
- DNA damage (4)
- Data processing (4)
- Decision making (4)
- Decorin (4)
- Denosumab (4)
- Density equalizing mapping (4)
- Developmental biology (4)
- Diagnostic medicine (4)
- Dravet syndrome (4)
- ER stress (4)
- Education (4)
- Emotion regulation (4)
- Emotions (4)
- Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (4)
- Evaluation (4)
- Everolimus (4)
- Evidence-based medicine (4)
- Extracellular matrix (4)
- Extracellular vesicles (4)
- Fibrosis (4)
- Flow cytometry (4)
- Genetics research (4)
- Guidelines (4)
- HAE (4)
- HCC (4)
- Health care (4)
- Healthcare worker (4)
- Heart transplantation (4)
- Hematology (4)
- Hereditary angioedema (4)
- Homeostasis (4)
- IAP proteins (4)
- In vitro (4)
- Infection (4)
- Innate immunity (4)
- IntelliCage (4)
- Intensive care (4)
- Intensive care units (4)
- Interleukin-6 (4)
- Kinematic analysis (4)
- Knees (4)
- Labor and delivery (4)
- Legs (4)
- Liver cirrhosis (4)
- Liver fibrosis (4)
- Long non-coding RNAs (4)
- Lung failure (4)
- MRSA (4)
- MSD (4)
- Mechanisms of disease (4)
- Medical education (4)
- Medical risk factors (4)
- Metastasen (4)
- Molecular medicine (4)
- Mouse (4)
- Musculoskeletal system (4)
- Myocardial infarction (4)
- NAFLD (4)
- Neonates (4)
- Neutropenia (4)
- Next-generation sequencing (4)
- Nox4 (4)
- NoxO1 (4)
- Nrf2 (4)
- OSCE (4)
- PSMA (4)
- Patient safety (4)
- Pediatric (4)
- Personalized medicine (4)
- Physicians (4)
- Physiology (4)
- Prediction (4)
- Proliferation (4)
- Prophylaxis (4)
- Psychology (4)
- Pulmonary embolism (4)
- Quantitative MRI (4)
- Registry (4)
- Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method (4)
- STAT3 (4)
- Sex (4)
- Sex differences (4)
- Status epilepticus (4)
- Stem cell (4)
- Stem cells (4)
- Systematic review (4)
- Thrombosis (4)
- Tissue engineering (4)
- acetaminophen (4)
- acute kidney injury (4)
- adverse events (4)
- age (4)
- aggression (4)
- alirocumab (4)
- anaemia (4)
- anemia (4)
- animal model (4)
- antibodies (4)
- antioxidants (4)
- augmentation (4)
- bibliometrics (4)
- bibliometry (4)
- bioinformatics (4)
- brachytherapy (4)
- cGMP (4)
- cancer stem cells (4)
- cardiovascular disease (4)
- cell biology (4)
- cell migration (4)
- cerebrospinal fluid (4)
- cervical cancer (4)
- chemoradiotherapy (4)
- chemoresistance (4)
- cholesterol (4)
- climate change (4)
- clinical study (4)
- combination therapy (4)
- computed tomography (4)
- connectivity (4)
- cortex (4)
- cystic fibrosis (4)
- cytomegalovirus (4)
- dementia (4)
- dental implant (4)
- dentist (4)
- diabetes mellitus (4)
- direct-acting antivirals (4)
- doxorubicin (4)
- electroencephalography (4)
- electrolytic cleaning (4)
- entropy (4)
- ergonomics (4)
- external beam radiotherapy (4)
- extracellular vesicles (4)
- fatigue (4)
- general practice (4)
- haemophilia treatment (4)
- health-related quality of life (4)
- heart (4)
- hemorrhage (4)
- hepatitis C (4)
- imaging (4)
- immune evasion (4)
- immune response (4)
- impulsivity (4)
- in vitro (4)
- inflammasome (4)
- inflammatory bowel disease (4)
- kidney (4)
- leukocytes (4)
- levetiracetam (4)
- lipoxygenase (4)
- long non-coding RNA (4)
- mTORC1 (4)
- management (4)
- mass spectrometry (4)
- mesenchymal stromal cells (4)
- metabolic syndrome (4)
- metastatic prostate cancer (4)
- motility (4)
- musculoskeletal disorders (4)
- neural oscillations (4)
- nitric oxide (4)
- nociception (4)
- p21 (4)
- pancreatic cancer (4)
- pandemic (4)
- pediatric (4)
- perception (4)
- periimplantitis (4)
- peripheral artery disease (4)
- phagocytosis (4)
- primary cilium (4)
- primary immunodeficiency (4)
- proteome (4)
- psoriatic arthritis (4)
- questionnaire (4)
- rapamycin (4)
- registry (4)
- simulation training (4)
- smoking (4)
- spirochetes (4)
- status epilepticus (4)
- temozolomide (4)
- temporal lobe epilepsy (4)
- thrombolysis (4)
- thymus (4)
- tissue engineering (4)
- tooth loss (4)
- transfusion (4)
- transplantation (4)
- traumatic brain injury (4)
- treatment centres (4)
- tumor growth (4)
- tumor progression (4)
- vaccine (4)
- wound healing (4)
- (surface) partial differential equations (3)
- 3D rapid prototyping (3)
- ADAM15 (3)
- Acute kidney injury (3)
- Adults (3)
- Adverse events (3)
- Amblyopia (3)
- Antibiotics (3)
- Antibodies (3)
- Antiretroviral therapy (3)
- Aortic valve replacement (3)
- Ataxia-telangiectasia (3)
- B-cell lymphoma (3)
- BAG3 (3)
- BCR/ABL (3)
- BMC (3)
- BMI (3)
- BRAF (3)
- BRD4 (3)
- Behavior (3)
- Bibliometrics (3)
- Blood-brain barrier (3)
- Bone defect (3)
- Bone regeneration (3)
- Bone tissue engineering (3)
- Brain tumor (3)
- Burden of illness (3)
- C. elegans (3)
- C1 inhibitor (3)
- CAD/CAM (3)
- CAR (3)
- CD36 (3)
- CDK4/6 (3)
- COMP (3)
- CRM (3)
- CTGF (3)
- CXCL12 (3)
- CXCR3 (3)
- Calcium (3)
- Cancer chemotherapy (3)
- Cancer detection and diagnosis (3)
- Cancer genetics (3)
- Cancer genomics (3)
- Candida (3)
- Cannabis (3)
- Cardiac surgery (3)
- Case report (3)
- Catheter ablation (3)
- Cell proliferation (3)
- Cerebellum (3)
- Cerebrospinal fluid (3)
- Chaperone (3)
- Child (3)
- Chromatin accessibility (3)
- Chronic hepatitis C (3)
- Citation analysis (3)
- Clinical Trials and Observations (3)
- Clinical decision support systems (3)
- Cognitive impairment (3)
- Cognitive neuroscience (3)
- Collagen (3)
- Complex I (3)
- Computer software (3)
- Computer-assisted diagnosis (3)
- Conduct disorder (3)
- Connective tissue (3)
- Coronary heart disease (3)
- Costs (3)
- Cytoskeleton (3)
- DAA (3)
- DNA mismatch repair (3)
- DNase1-seq (3)
- DTI (3)
- Deep brain stimulation (3)
- Dental implant (3)
- Dental students (3)
- Dose response (3)
- Drug hepatotoxicity (3)
- Drug resistance (3)
- ECMO (3)
- EEG microstates (3)
- Eccentric fixation (3)
- Edema (3)
- Efficiency (3)
- Ejection fraction (3)
- Endocrinology (3)
- Endothelium (3)
- European Union (3)
- Exosomes (3)
- Eyes (3)
- FFLU (3)
- FTY720 (3)
- Fasting (3)
- Feedback (3)
- Fibronectin (3)
- Fingolimod (3)
- Finite Volumes (3)
- Fistula (3)
- Functional clustering (3)
- G-CSF (3)
- GPCR (3)
- Gene Regulation (3)
- Gene fusion (3)
- Gene therapy (3)
- Genome-wide association studies (3)
- Global health (3)
- HER2 (3)
- HER2/neu (3)
- HPV (3)
- HSCT (3)
- Head and neck cancer (3)
- Healthcare costs (3)
- Healthy adults (3)
- Hepatitis C (3)
- HoLEP (3)
- Hospitals (3)
- Human genetics (3)
- IAPs (3)
- IBD (3)
- IL-1β (3)
- Immune cells (3)
- Induction chemotherapy (3)
- Infections (3)
- Inflammatory bowel disease (3)
- Inflammatory diseases (3)
- Interleukin (3)
- Interleukin-22 (3)
- Ischemia (3)
- Kidney transplantation (3)
- Knowledge (3)
- LCMV (3)
- LPS (3)
- Langerhans cell histiocytosis (3)
- Language (3)
- Lesions (3)
- Liver Transplantation (3)
- LncRNA (3)
- Lumbar spine (3)
- Lyme disease (3)
- MCAK (3)
- MLL (3)
- MYC (3)
- Macrophage polarization (3)
- Major depressive disorder (3)
- Masquelet technique (3)
- Mass spectrometry (3)
- Memory (3)
- Mental health (3)
- Mesenchymal stem cells (3)
- Messenger RNA (3)
- Metabolic diseases (3)
- Metabolomics (3)
- Microbiology (3)
- Microbiome (3)
- Microwave ablation (3)
- Migration (3)
- Mitochondrial dysfunction (3)
- Mitosis (3)
- Morphogenesis (3)
- Motor control (3)
- Multianalyte detection (3)
- Multidetector computed tomography (3)
- Musculoskeletal disorder (3)
- NADH dehydrogenase (3)
- NSCLC (3)
- Neurodegeneration (3)
- Neuroinflammation (3)
- Neurotransmitter (3)
- Nitric oxide (3)
- Nivolumab (3)
- Non-coding RNA (3)
- Nox (3)
- OXA-48 (3)
- Observational study (3)
- Occlusion treatment (3)
- PARK2 (3)
- PD1/PDL1 (3)
- PDGFRβ (3)
- Pandemic (3)
- Pathogenesis (3)
- Pediatric patients (3)
- Penile carcinomas (3)
- Peri-implantitis (3)
- Phagocytosis (3)
- Pharmacology (3)
- Phosphorylation (3)
- Platelets (3)
- Podospora anserina (3)
- Portal veins (3)
- Pre-analytics (3)
- Preclinical research (3)
- Preterm birth (3)
- Primary health care (3)
- Prognostic markers (3)
- Progranulin (3)
- Protease inhibitor therapy (3)
- Psoriasis (3)
- Public health (3)
- Pulmonary hypertension (3)
- Questionnaire (3)
- RCT (3)
- RITA (3)
- RNA (3)
- RNA therapeutics (3)
- Reaction time (3)
- Registries (3)
- Regression analysis (3)
- Rehabilitation (3)
- Renal cell carcinoma (3)
- Research Article (3)
- Resistenz (3)
- Respiration (3)
- S1P (3)
- SUMO (3)
- Sarcoma (3)
- Screening (3)
- Senescence (3)
- Sensitivity (3)
- Simulated patients (3)
- Sleep (3)
- Sport (3)
- Sports and exercise medicine (3)
- Squamous cell carcinoma (3)
- Statistical data (3)
- Stereotactic body radiation therapy (3)
- Studien (3)
- Sudden cardiac death (3)
- Surgeons (3)
- Surveillance (3)
- TGF-β (3)
- TIPS (3)
- TKI (3)
- Tacrolimus (3)
- Telemedicine (3)
- Temozolomide (3)
- Therapy (3)
- Thoracic trauma (3)
- Torque (3)
- Toxicity (3)
- Transarterial chemoembolization (3)
- Transcription factors (3)
- Treatment outcome (3)
- Type 2 diabetes (3)
- Undergraduate medical education (3)
- Upper body posture (3)
- Variant histology (3)
- Wound healing (3)
- Zika virus (3)
- Zoonosis (3)
- acute coronary syndromes (3)
- acute decompensation (3)
- adenosine (3)
- aged (3)
- ageing (3)
- albumin (3)
- alcohol (3)
- alcohol use disorder (3)
- allogeneic stem cell transplantation (3)
- alveolar ridge augmentation (3)
- anal cancer (3)
- animal (3)
- animal models (3)
- anti-angiogenic therapy (3)
- antiviral (3)
- arteriogenesis (3)
- ascites (3)
- astrocytes (3)
- autism spectrum disorder (3)
- bacteria (3)
- behavior (3)
- bioenergetics (3)
- bleeding (3)
- blood (3)
- blood transfusion (3)
- body mass index (3)
- bone (3)
- bone regeneration (3)
- bortezomib (3)
- brain imaging (3)
- brain metastasis (3)
- burden of illness (3)
- cAMP (3)
- calretinin (3)
- cancer immunotherapy (3)
- cancer specific survival (3)
- carbapenemases (3)
- cardiac (3)
- caregivers (3)
- cartilage (3)
- caspase-2 (3)
- caspase-8 (3)
- catheter ablation (3)
- cell cycle (3)
- cerebellum (3)
- chronic myeloid leukemia (3)
- cisplatin (3)
- classical Hodgkin lymphoma (3)
- clinical research (3)
- clinical trials (3)
- clock genes (3)
- co-infection (3)
- collagen (3)
- complexome profiling (3)
- computational virology (3)
- confinement (3)
- cortisol (3)
- cytokine-induced killer cells (3)
- dental education (3)
- dental profession (3)
- dexamethasone (3)
- diabetic nephropathy (3)
- diagnostic algorithm (3)
- dopamine (3)
- drug discovery (3)
- drug induced liver injury (3)
- echocardiography (3)
- electrophysiology (3)
- endocannabinoids (3)
- endoplasmic reticulum (3)
- epidermal growth factor receptor (3)
- event-related potentials (3)
- executive function (3)
- fenfluramine (3)
- focal adhesion (3)
- follow-up (3)
- functional connectivity (3)
- functional outcome (3)
- gamma (3)
- gastric cancer (3)
- gene regulation (3)
- glycolysis (3)
- growth inhibition (3)
- haemophilia care (3)
- head and neck cancer (3)
- healthcare worker (3)
- heart rate (3)
- hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (3)
- hemodialysis (3)
- hepatitis B (3)
- hepatitis C virus (HCV) (3)
- herb induced liver injury (3)
- histone acetylation (3)
- hyperactivity (3)
- immune cells (3)
- immune checkpoint inhibitors (3)
- immune escape (3)
- immune reconstitution (3)
- immunology (3)
- inertial motion capture (3)
- insulin resistance (3)
- interleukin-22 (3)
- invasive fungal disease (3)
- invasive fungal infection (3)
- iron metabolism (3)
- irradiation (3)
- kidney transplantation (3)
- leptin (3)
- lipids (3)
- liver injury (3)
- lockdown (3)
- long-term prophylaxis (3)
- lung function (3)
- lyme disease (3)
- lymphoma (3)
- mRNA (3)
- magnetoencephalography (3)
- massively parallel multigrid solvers (3)
- mathematical modeling (3)
- memory (3)
- metformin (3)
- miRNAs (3)
- microwave ablation (3)
- mild cognitive impairment (3)
- mitochondrial disease (3)
- mitophagy (3)
- mitosis (3)
- modeling (3)
- molecular mechanisms (3)
- monitoring (3)
- mouse model (3)
- multidrug resistance (3)
- multiple myeloma (3)
- mycophenolic acid (3)
- necroptosis (3)
- neoadjuvant therapy (3)
- neonate (3)
- neoplasms (3)
- neurocritical care (3)
- neuroimaging (3)
- neutralization (3)
- neutralizing antibodies (3)
- next-generation sequencing (3)
- non-coding RNA (3)
- observational study (3)
- oncology (3)
- osteoporosis (3)
- overweight (3)
- oxidative phosphorylation (3)
- p47phox (3)
- patient safety (3)
- pediatric patients (3)
- pentose phosphate pathway (3)
- perforant path transection (3)
- perfusion (3)
- peri-implantitis (3)
- pharmacodynamics (3)
- plasmid (3)
- pneumonia (3)
- prefrontal cortex (3)
- primary health care (3)
- primary prostate cancer (3)
- prostaglandin (3)
- proteoglycan (3)
- radical prostatecomy (3)
- rat (3)
- realistic geometries (3)
- receptor (3)
- remodelling (3)
- renal cell cancer (3)
- renal function (3)
- reproducibility (3)
- resting state (3)
- review (3)
- rituximab (3)
- salvage therapy (3)
- screening (3)
- seizures (3)
- senescence (3)
- serum (3)
- severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (3)
- sex (3)
- sex differences (3)
- signaling (3)
- skeletal muscle (3)
- sleep (3)
- soft tissue sarcoma (3)
- sphingolipid (3)
- spinal cord (3)
- stem cell transplantation (3)
- strength training (3)
- stress response (3)
- supportive periodontal therapy (3)
- surgical procedures (3)
- systematic biopsy (3)
- systemic antibiotics (3)
- therapeutics (3)
- tobacco prevention (3)
- toll-like receptor (3)
- transcription factor (3)
- transcriptome (3)
- transient elastography (3)
- tyrosine kinase inhibitor (3)
- tyrosine kinase inhibitors (3)
- ultrasound (3)
- vemurafenib (3)
- viral dynamics (3)
- working conditions (3)
- yeast (3)
- 3D spatio-temporal resolved mathematical models (2)
- 5-lipoxygenase (2)
- A/D transition (2)
- ABCC1 (2)
- ABCG2 (2)
- ACL (2)
- AIDS (2)
- AKI (2)
- ALK (2)
- ALL (2)
- AMPK (2)
- ATP (2)
- ATP-citrate lyase (2)
- Abort (2)
- Academic medicine (2)
- Access (2)
- Accidental reaction (2)
- Acinetobacter baumannii (2)
- Acoustics (2)
- Activities of daily living (2)
- Acuris (2)
- Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) (2)
- Acute decompensation (2)
- Acute lymphocytic leukaemia (2)
- Acute myeloid leukaemia (2)
- Acute-on-chronic liver failure (2)
- Addiction (2)
- Addison’s disease (2)
- Adherence (2)
- Adipose tissue (2)
- Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (2)
- Adolescents (2)
- Adult neurogenesis (2)
- Adverse drug reaction (2)
- Aedes aegypti (2)
- Aedes albopictus (2)
- Age estimation (2)
- Akaike information criterion (AIC) (2)
- Alcohol consumption (2)
- Alcoholic liver disease (2)
- Algorithms (2)
- Alleles (2)
- Allergen avoidance (2)
- Allergic asthma (2)
- Allergy (2)
- Allosteric inhibition (2)
- Alzheimer (2)
- Anaemia (2)
- Anal cancer (2)
- Analgesia (2)
- Anandamide (2)
- Anatomy (2)
- Animal model (2)
- Anti-IgE (2)
- Anticoagulant therapy (2)
- Antimicrobial treatment (2)
- Antiretrovirals (2)
- Anxiety (2)
- Aortic dissection (2)
- Apheresis (2)
- Apixaban (2)
- Arrhythmia (2)
- Asphyxia (2)
- Assessment (2)
- Ataxia (2)
- Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (2)
- Auditory system (2)
- Aurora A (2)
- Austria (2)
- Autoimmunity (2)
- Autologous biomaterial (2)
- BA.1 (2)
- BCL2 (2)
- BCL6 (2)
- BCOR (2)
- BCX7353 (2)
- BDNF (2)
- BMNC (2)
- BNT162b2 (2)
- BPH (2)
- BRCA1 (2)
- BRCA2 (2)
- Babesia divergens (2)
- Babesia microti (2)
- Benefit (2)
- Bevacizumab (2)
- Big Five (2)
- Biglycan (2)
- Bile duct stone (2)
- Biofilm (2)
- Bioinformatics (2)
- Biomedical informatics (2)
- Biophysical models (2)
- Biorecognition strategies (2)
- Biosynthetic mesh (2)
- Birth weight (2)
- Bleeding (2)
- Blood groups (2)
- Blood loss (2)
- Blood loss estimation (2)
- Blood plasma (2)
- Bloodstream infections (2)
- Blow flies (2)
- Body mass index (2)
- Body modification (2)
- Bone density (2)
- Bone marrow aspiration (2)
- Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (2)
- Borrelia burgdorferi (2)
- Breast neoplasms (2)
- Breast tumors (2)
- Burden of disease (2)
- CAM (2)
- CBA (2)
- CC16 (2)
- CCL2 (2)
- CD14 (2)
- CD16 (2)
- CD19 (2)
- CD44 (2)
- CDK9 (2)
- CDKN1A (2)
- CIOMS (2)
- CLP (2)
- COVID 19 (2)
- COVID-19 surveillance (2)
- CPE (2)
- CRISPR/Cas (2)
- CRP (2)
- CSM (2)
- CTLA-4 (2)
- CUELA (2)
- CV9202 (2)
- Callous-unemotional traits (2)
- Calpain (2)
- Cancer epidemiology (2)
- Cancer models (2)
- Cancer therapy (2)
- Cancer-specific mortality (2)
- Cannabidiol (2)
- Capecitabine (2)
- Cardiac arrest (2)
- Cardiac hypertrophy (2)
- Cardiac magnetic resonance (2)
- Cardioprotection (2)
- Cardiovascular biology (2)
- Case management (2)
- Cats (2)
- Causality assessment (2)
- Celiac disease (2)
- Cell binding (2)
- Cell culture (2)
- Cell death (2)
- Cell death and immune response (2)
- Cell differentiation (2)
- Cell division (2)
- Cell salvage (2)
- Checkpoint inhibitor (2)
- Chemical biology (2)
- Chemokines (2)
- Cholangiography (2)
- Cholangiopancreatography (2)
- Chondrocytes (2)
- Chronic disease (2)
- Chronic hepatitis (2)
- Chronic inflammation (2)
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2)
- Clinical Global Impression of Change (2)
- Clinical presentation (2)
- Clinical studies (2)
- Clinical study (2)
- Cocaine (2)
- Cochlear implantation (2)
- Cognitive behavioral therapy (2)
- Colloids (2)
- Colonoscopy (2)
- Communication (2)
- Community based intervention (2)
- Community health services (2)
- Comorbidities (2)
- Comparative analysis (2)
- Compliance (2)
- Complication management (2)
- Computational models (2)
- Computer hardware (2)
- Computer science (2)
- Corona (2)
- Coronary artery disease (2)
- Cortex (2)
- Cost-effectiveness (2)
- Covid-19 (2)
- Croatia (2)
- Crohn's disease (2)
- Cryoelectron microscopy (2)
- Crystal structure (2)
- CspZ (2)
- Cuela (2)
- CyberKnife robotic radiosurgery (2)
- CysLTR1 (2)
- Cystic fibrosis (2)
- Cytogenetics (2)
- Cytologie (2)
- Cytoskeletal proteins (2)
- DMARDs (biologic) (2)
- DNA damage response (2)
- DSM (2)
- Daptomycin (2)
- Data visualization (2)
- Decision (2)
- Decision trees (2)
- Degradation (2)
- Dengue (2)
- Density-equalizing mapping (2)
- Dental implants (2)
- Dentist (2)
- Dentistry (2)
- Deutschland (2)
- Development (2)
- Diabetes (2)
- Diagnose (2)
- Diagnostic algorithm (2)
- Diagnostic test (2)
- Differential diagnosis (2)
- Differentiation (2)
- Digestive system procedures (2)
- Direct current electrical stimulation (2)
- Directly acting antiviral agent (2)
- Disease Activity (2)
- Diseases (2)
- Disintegration (2)
- Distance to water (2)
- Docetaxel (2)
- Double-balloon enteroscopy (2)
- Drug development (2)
- Drugs (2)
- Dynamic MRI (2)
- E3 ligase (2)
- EEG-fMRI (2)
- EET (2)
- ELISA (2)
- EMT (2)
- ENCODE-DREAM in vivo Transcription Factor binding site prediction challenge (2)
- EQ-5D (2)
- ERP (2)
- ESBL (2)
- EWSR1 (2)
- Ears (2)
- Edoxaban (2)
- Efficacy (2)
- Electrical stimulation (2)
- Electroencephalography (2)
- Electrophysiology (2)
- Elevation (2)
- Empathy (2)
- Encephalopathy (2)
- EndMT (2)
- Endocannabinoid (2)
- Endocannabinoids (2)
- Endoscopic retrograde (2)
- Endoscopic ultrasound (2)
- Endothelial permeability (2)
- Ensemble learning (2)
- Enterobacteriaceae (2)
- Enterscopy (2)
- Entscheidungsassistenz (2)
- Environmental support (2)
- Enzyme-linked immunoassays (2)
- EphB4 (2)
- Epicutaneous immunotherapy (2)
- Epidemiology and End Results (2)
- Epidermal growth factor receptor (2)
- Epileptic seizures (2)
- Epileptische Anfälle (2)
- Epstein-Barr virus (2)
- Equity (2)
- Ergonomics (2)
- Etiology (2)
- Evidence-based dentistry (2)
- Extended donor criteria (2)
- Extracellular matrix proteins (2)
- Eye movements (2)
- FEV1 (2)
- FFPE (2)
- FGFR (2)
- FHIR (2)
- Face (2)
- Family practice (2)
- Fatty liver (2)
- Feasibility (2)
- Fibroblasts (2)
- Flaps (2)
- Forensic medicine (2)
- Frailty (2)
- Frühgeburt (2)
- Fuchs endothelial dystrophy (2)
- Function (2)
- Functional characterization (2)
- Functional connectivity (2)
- Functional electrical stimulation (2)
- Functional magnetic resonance imaging (2)
- G2A (2)
- GEMs (2)
- GFAP (2)
- GWAS (2)
- Gadobutrol (2)
- Gait analysis (2)
- Gastritis (2)
- Gastrointestinal bleeding (2)
- Gene ontology (2)
- General practitioners (2)
- Genetic testing (2)
- Geographic variation (2)
- Geographically weighted regression (GWR) (2)
- Geriatric patients (2)
- German people (2)
- Glaucoma (2)
- Gleason score (2)
- Glucose (2)
- Glucose metabolism (2)
- Glycolysis (2)
- Grafts (2)
- Growth factors (2)
- H1N1 (2)
- HCMV (2)
- HDACi (2)
- HIF (2)
- HIV protease inhibitors (2)
- HL7 FHIR (2)
- HOD (2)
- HSV (2)
- HSV-1 (2)
- Health care workers (2)
- Health economics (2)
- Health policy (2)
- Health services (2)
- Health services research (2)
- Healthcare resource utilization (2)
- Hematologic malignancies (2)
- Hemodynamics (2)
- HepG2 (2)
- Hepatitis (2)
- Hepatocytes (2)
- Heterogeneity (2)
- High oblique sagittal osteotomy (2)
- High-density lipoprotein (2)
- Histologie (2)
- Holmes tremor (2)
- Hospital (2)
- ICD (2)
- ICU (2)
- IDH mutation (2)
- IHC (2)
- IL-10 (2)
- IL-12 (2)
- IL-33 (2)
- IR-A (2)
- ISR (2)
- Identification (2)
- Image analysis (2)
- Image processing (2)
- Immunchemie (2)
- Immune suppression (2)
- Immune system (2)
- Immunity (2)
- Immunogenicity (2)
- Immunologie (2)
- Immunosuppression (2)
- Immunsystem (2)
- Implementation (2)
- In vivo (2)
- Incidence rate (2)
- Incisional hernia (2)
- Indirect-binding (2)
- Indonesia (2)
- Infection control (2)
- Infectious diseases (2)
- Influenza (2)
- Information theory (2)
- Injuries (2)
- Injury (2)
- Innate Immunity (2)
- Insulin (2)
- Insulin signalling (2)
- Integration (2)
- Integrin (2)
- Intensive care treatment (2)
- Interferon (2)
- Interleukin-1 (2)
- Internet (2)
- Iron (2)
- Iron deficiency (2)
- Iron deficiency anemia (2)
- Ischemia/reperfusion injury (2)
- Ixodes ricinus (2)
- Jaw (2)
- Joint loading (2)
- KGF (2)
- Kardiovaskuläre Krankheit (2)
- Ketogenic diet (2)
- Ki-67 (2)
- Klebsiella pneumoniae (2)
- L-DOPA (2)
- L2 (2)
- LSCC (2)
- LVAD (2)
- Learning and memory (2)
- Left hemisphere (2)
- Leptin (2)
- Leukemia (2)
- Leukemias (2)
- Leukozyt (2)
- Linear regression analysis (2)
- Lipid signalling (2)
- Lipidomics (2)
- Liver (2)
- Liver cancer (2)
- Liver injury (2)
- Livestock (2)
- Local climate (2)
- Local therapy (2)
- Long-term potentiation (2)
- Longitudinal (2)
- Low back pain (2)
- Low-molecular-weight heparin (2)
- Low-virulent infection (2)
- Luciferase (2)
- Lucilia sericata (2)
- Lung cancer (2)
- Lyme borreliosis (2)
- Lymph nodes (2)
- Lymphectasia (2)
- Lymphocytes (2)
- Lymphoma (2)
- Lymphozyt (2)
- Lysophosphatidic acids (2)
- Lysosome (2)
- MALAT1 (2)
- MCAO (2)
- MCI (2)
- MICA (2)
- MLH1 (2)
- MLKL (2)
- MMP9 (2)
- MR spectroscopy (2)
- MTT assay (2)
- Macroautophagy (2)
- Magnetic resonance (2)
- Malaria prevalence (2)
- Marburg virus (2)
- Markovianity (2)
- Maxillary sinus (2)
- Medical consultation (2)
- Medical diagnostics (2)
- Medication Appropriateness Index (2)
- Medicine (2)
- Medizinstudenten (2)
- Meldepflicht (2)
- Membrane potential (2)
- Membrane proteins (2)
- Mesh (2)
- Meta-analysis (2)
- Metabolic syndrome (2)
- Metabolism (2)
- Metastasis (2)
- Metastatic (2)
- Metastatic breast cancer (2)
- Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (2)
- Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (2)
- Microglia (2)
- Microsurgery (2)
- Migrants (2)
- Minimal residual disease (2)
- Mitochondrial ROS (2)
- Mitochondrial complex I (2)
- MitraClip (2)
- Mixed methods (2)
- Mobilization (2)
- Model (2)
- Molecular autopsy (2)
- Molecular profiling (2)
- Molecular subtypes (2)
- Monitoring (2)
- Monocytes (2)
- Morphology (2)
- Morphometry (2)
- Mountain (2)
- Multidrug resistance (2)
- Multiple chronic conditions (2)
- Multivariable analysis (2)
- Mutation (2)
- Mutations (2)
- Myalgia (2)
- Myeloid Neoplasia (2)
- Myocardial perfusion (2)
- Myocarditis (2)
- NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (2)
- NCCN (2)
- NCoR1 (2)
- NF-κB pathway (2)
- NFκB (2)
- NIRS (2)
- NK cells (2)
- NO (2)
- NOTCH1 (2)
- NS5A (2)
- Necrotizing enterocolitis (2)
- Neoplasms (2)
- Nepal (2)
- Nephrectomy (2)
- Nerve fibers (2)
- Nerve regeneration (2)
- Neural circuits (2)
- Neural stem cells (2)
- Neuroimaging (2)
- Neuron (2)
- Neuronal morphology (2)
- Neurons (2)
- Neurotoxicity (2)
- Nevirapine (2)
- Nicotine (2)
- Non-REM sleep (2)
- Non-interventional study (2)
- Normal distribution (2)
- Nox1 (2)
- Nucleic acid biomarkers (2)
- Nutrition (2)
- OCT (2)
- Observational (2)
- Obstetrics and gynecology (2)
- Occupational health (2)
- Olfactory system (2)
- Ophthalmology (2)
- Opioids (2)
- Opportunistic infections (2)
- Optogenetics (2)
- Oral immunotherapy (2)
- Oral surgery (2)
- Ordinary least squares (OLS) (2)
- Organ dysfunction (2)
- Organ dysfunctions (2)
- Organ preservation (2)
- Oroantral (2)
- Orthognathic surgery (2)
- Osteoarthritis (2)
- Osteogenic differentiation (2)
- Outcome assessment (2)
- Outcomes research (2)
- Outpatients (2)
- Ovarian cancer (2)
- Oxidative stress (2)
- OxyELITE Pro (2)
- P2X7 receptor (2)
- P600 (2)
- PD-1 (2)
- PET (2)
- PINK1 (2)
- PML (2)
- PRNT (2)
- PROTAC (2)
- PSA (2)
- PTEN (2)
- Pacemaker (2)
- Pain management (2)
- Palliative care (2)
- Palliative care [MeSH] (2)
- Parenteral nutrition (2)
- Parkin (2)
- Parkinson disease (2)
- Particulate matter (2)
- Pathologic complete response (2)
- Pathology (2)
- Patient manikins (2)
- Patient needs (2)
- Patient preference (2)
- Patientenbedürfnisse (2)
- Patterns of care (2)
- Pediatric infections (2)
- Pelargonium sidoides (2)
- Penile cancer (2)
- Percutaneous coronary intervention (2)
- Periodontal treatment (2)
- Periodontitis (2)
- Peritonitis (2)
- Persistence (2)
- Person-Umwelt-Passung (2)
- Person-environment fit (2)
- Petri net (2)
- Philadelphia chromosome (2)
- Phylogenetic analysis (2)
- Physical environment (2)
- Plasma (2)
- Plasmodium (2)
- Plasticity (2)
- Plerixafor (2)
- Plk1 inhibitors (2)
- Pneumocystis jirovecii (2)
- Point-of-care testing (2)
- Polytrauma (2)
- Post-mortem interval (2)
- Post-translational modifications (2)
- Postoperative radiochemotherapy (2)
- Posttraumatic stress disorder (2)
- Posture analysis (2)
- Poverty (2)
- Practical skills (2)
- Predictive coding (2)
- Predominant polarity (2)
- Preeclampsia (2)
- Preventive medicine (2)
- Primary cilium (2)
- Prisoners (2)
- Prisons (2)
- Probability density (2)
- Probability distribution (2)
- Prognostic (2)
- Prognostic tool (2)
- Prostatic neoplasms (2)
- Proteasome (2)
- Protein Translocation (2)
- Protein biomarkers (2)
- Protein translation (2)
- Protein-Protein Interactions (2)
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2)
- Psychedelics (2)
- Pulmonary veins (2)
- Qualitative research (2)
- Quality of care (2)
- Questionnaires (2)
- RDoC (2)
- RIPK3 (2)
- RMS (2)
- RNA binding proteins (2)
- RNA interference (2)
- RNA interference (RNAi) (2)
- RNA isolation (2)
- RNA therapy (2)
- RNA-sequencing (2)
- RNAseq (2)
- RNF4 (2)
- ROS1 (2)
- Rab7 (2)
- Radiation (2)
- Radical prostatectomy (2)
- Radiochemotherapy (2)
- Rainfall (2)
- Random forest (2)
- Randomized controlled trials (2)
- Recurrence (2)
- Red blood cell transfusion (2)
- Redoxin (2)
- Refractory ALL (2)
- Regeneration (2)
- Relaxometry (2)
- Reliability (2)
- Renal system (2)
- Reproducibility (2)
- Rescue medication (2)
- Research architecture (2)
- Respiratory chain (2)
- Respiratory distress syndrome (2)
- Respiratory infections (2)
- Restenosis (2)
- Resting-state (2)
- Reward (2)
- Rheumatoid Arthritis (2)
- Ribavirin (2)
- Risiko (2)
- Risk assessment (2)
- Risk factor (2)
- Risk stratification (2)
- Rivaroxaban (2)
- Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method (RUCAM) (2)
- Rural area (2)
- S1P lyase (2)
- S1P receptors (2)
- SAMHD1 (2)
- SARS (2)
- SARS coronavirus (2)
- SARS-CoV-2 monitoring (2)
- SARS-CoV-2 testing (2)
- SARS‐CoV‐2 (2)
- SCC (2)
- SCCHN (2)
- SD-OCT (2)
- SENP (2)
- SF-36 (2)
- SIRT1 (2)
- SKAP1 (2)
- SOD (2)
- SPM (2)
- SPTAN1 (2)
- STAT1 (2)
- STING (2)
- SV2A (2)
- SVR (2)
- Scheimpflug imaging (2)
- Scientists (2)
- Self-renewal (2)
- Sensory processing (2)
- Serum (2)
- Sestrin 2 (2)
- Short bowel syndrome (2)
- Simulation training (2)
- Skills (2)
- Smoking habits (2)
- Social epidemiology (2)
- Social health determinants (2)
- Social participation (2)
- Socio-economic analysis (2)
- Socioeconomic status (2)
- Sonication (2)
- Sorafenib (2)
- Specificity (2)
- Speech (2)
- Sphingolipids (2)
- Spinal cord (2)
- Spine (2)
- Spirochetes (2)
- Standard endoscopy (2)
- Standard value (2)
- Standardization (2)
- Stem-cell therapies (2)
- Strength training (2)
- Streptococcus pneumoniae (2)
- Striatum (2)
- Structural plasticity (2)
- Study protocol (2)
- Subarachnoid hemorrhage (2)
- Sudden death (2)
- Sumatra (2)
- Sunitinib (2)
- Superficial vein thrombosis (2)
- Superoxide (2)
- Supported decision making (2)
- Survival analysis (2)
- Survivin (2)
- Sweden (2)
- Synaptic plasticity (2)
- Synaptic transmission (2)
- Synovial sarcoma (2)
- Systematic reviews (2)
- Systemic inflammation (2)
- Systemic therapy (2)
- T-cell (2)
- T-cell receptor (2)
- T-cells (2)
- TACE (2)
- TBK1 (2)
- TBSS (2)
- TF-complexes (2)
- TGF-β1 (2)
- TGFβ (2)
- TMT (2)
- TRPA1 (2)
- TSC (2)
- Target identification (2)
- Targeted therapies (2)
- Teaching (2)
- Teeth (2)
- Tenofovir (2)
- Thailand (2)
- Theft (2)
- Thermoregulation (2)
- Thromboembolism (2)
- Thrombolysis (2)
- Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (2)
- Thyroid (2)
- Tick (2)
- Tight junctions (2)
- Toll-like receptor (2)
- Tomography (2)
- Tomography (x-ray computed) (2)
- Tooth loss (2)
- Transcription (2)
- Transcription Factors (2)
- Transmission (2)
- Traumatic brain injury (2)
- Traumatic injury (2)
- Treg cell (2)
- Troponin (2)
- Tumour immunology (2)
- UGCG (2)
- Ubiquitin Ligase (2)
- Ubiquitylation (2)
- Ulcerative colitis (2)
- Ultrasonography (2)
- Unterstützung der Umwelt (2)
- Urethral cancer (2)
- Urology (2)
- Usability (2)
- Uteroglobin (2)
- V4 (2)
- VDR (2)
- VEGF receptors (2)
- VIGALL (2)
- VRE (2)
- Vaccine (2)
- Vaccine uptake rate (2)
- Validity (2)
- Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (2)
- Vascularization (2)
- Veins (2)
- Viral infection (2)
- Vision (2)
- Visual acuity (2)
- Visual estimation (2)
- Visual quality (2)
- Vitamin D (2)
- Vitamin D deficiency (2)
- Vmem (2)
- Volume therapy (2)
- Warburg effect (2)
- Wearable cardioverter-defibrillator (2)
- White blood cells (2)
- Wnt (2)
- Women (2)
- Working memory (2)
- Wounds (2)
- X-ray crystallography (2)
- Zebrafish (2)
- Zika fever (2)
- Zoopotentation (2)
- Zooprophylaxis (2)
- ablation (2)
- abuse (2)
- accident (2)
- acetyl-CoA (2)
- acute lung injury (2)
- acute myeloid leukaemia (2)
- acute respiratory distress syndrome (2)
- adalimumab (2)
- additives (2)
- adenovirus (2)
- adherence (2)
- adipocytes (2)
- adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (2)
- adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (2)
- adjuvant chemotherapy (2)
- adjuvant therapy (2)
- adjuvante Therapie (2)
- adolescence (2)
- adoptive cancer immunotherapy (2)
- adult (2)
- adult neurogenesis (2)
- advanced care planning (2)
- adverse reaction (2)
- age-related macular degeneration (2)
- air flow (2)
- alcoholic liver disease (2)
- algorithm (2)
- allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (2)
- alpha band (2)
- alpha power (2)
- alpha-synuclein (2)
- amino acids (2)
- amphiregulin (2)
- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (2)
- analgesics (2)
- anaplastic large cell lymphoma (2)
- angiography (2)
- animal experiment (2)
- animal experiments (2)
- anorexia nervosa (2)
- antibacterial activity (2)
- antibiotic resistance (2)
- antibiotic therapy (2)
- anticoagulation (2)
- anticonvulsants (2)
- antiepileptic drug (2)
- antiepileptic drugs (2)
- antifungal therapy (2)
- antioxidant (2)
- antiseizure medication (2)
- antisocial behavior (2)
- antiviral drugs (2)
- anxiety (2)
- aptamer (2)
- arachidonic acid (2)
- arousal (2)
- arthritis (2)
- aspirin (2)
- astrocytoma (2)
- atezolizumab (2)
- attachment loss (2)
- audiovisual (2)
- auditory cortex (2)
- autism (2)
- autoantibodies (2)
- autoimmune diabetes (2)
- autoimmune disease (2)
- autoimmunity (2)
- autologous stem cell transplantation (2)
- betulinic acid (2)
- bibliometric analysis (2)
- biliary stricture (2)
- bio imaging (2)
- biocompatibility (2)
- biofilm (2)
- biologics (2)
- bioluminescence (2)
- biopsy (2)
- biopsy cores (2)
- blood flow restriction (2)
- blood pressure (2)
- blood-brain barrier (2)
- body plethysmography (2)
- bone healing (2)
- bone marrow microenvironment (2)
- bone metabolism (2)
- bone metastasis (2)
- borrelia (2)
- brain cancer (2)
- brain function (2)
- brain networks (2)
- brain states (2)
- brain tumor (2)
- brain-derived neurotrophic factor (2)
- brainstem (2)
- bulimia nervosa (2)
- cART (2)
- cabozantinib (2)
- calcitriol (2)
- callous-unemotional traits (2)
- calprotectin (2)
- campesterol (2)
- cancer cell metabolism (2)
- cancer therapy (2)
- cancer treatment (2)
- cancer-associated fibroblasts (2)
- cancer-specific mortality (2)
- cancer-specific survival (2)
- cannabis (2)
- capsaicin (2)
- carbapenem resistance (2)
- carbapenemase (2)
- cardiolipin (2)
- cardiovascular (2)
- case-referent study (2)
- caspase-1 (2)
- cataract surgery (2)
- cell motility (2)
- cell proliferation (2)
- cells (2)
- central nervous system (2)
- ceramide (2)
- cerebral hemorrhage (2)
- cerebral venous thrombosis (2)
- cerebrovascular disease (2)
- cesarean section (2)
- chemokines (2)
- chemotaxis (2)
- chemotherapy resistance (2)
- chest trauma (2)
- childhood acute myeloid leukemia (2)
- childhood cancer (2)
- children and adolescents (2)
- cholestanol (2)
- cholesterol absorption (2)
- cholesterol synthesis (2)
- chronic granulomatous disease (2)
- chronic hepatitis C (2)
- chronic inflammation (2)
- chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (2)
- cigarette (2)
- circadian (2)
- circadian rhythm (2)
- circadian rhythms (2)
- circular RNA (2)
- cisplatin resistance (2)
- citation (2)
- cleaning (2)
- clinical benefit (2)
- clinical immunology (2)
- clinical isolates (2)
- clinical studies (2)
- clinically important restrictions and symptoms (2)
- coagulopathy (2)
- cochlea (2)
- colon (2)
- colon carcinoma cells (2)
- colorectal cancer (CRC) (2)
- colorectal carcinoma (2)
- comorbidities (2)
- comorbidity (2)
- complementary and alternative medicine (2)
- complementary medicine (2)
- complex I (2)
- complex systems (2)
- compliance (2)
- complication (2)
- computational neuroscience (2)
- computer-assisted (2)
- concordance (2)
- connective tissue (2)
- consensus (2)
- constipation (2)
- contemporary (2)
- continuous performance test (2)
- convulsive seizures (2)
- coping (2)
- corneal edema (2)
- corneal transplantation (2)
- corona virus (2)
- coronary artery bypass graft surgery (2)
- coronary artery disease (2)
- corpus callosum (2)
- cost-effective (2)
- critical size defect (2)
- criticality (2)
- critically ill patients (2)
- cryoballoon (2)
- cryopreservation (2)
- cyclooxygenase (2)
- cyclosporin A (2)
- cytochrome P450 2E1 (2)
- cytokine (2)
- cytotoxic T cells (2)
- dabrafenib (2)
- dance (2)
- deafness (2)
- decision making (2)
- decompensated liver cirrhosis (2)
- delay (2)
- delirium (2)
- dental assistant (2)
- dental assistants (2)
- dentists (2)
- dentoalveolar surgery (2)
- desensitization (2)
- detoxification (2)
- deubiquitinase (DUB) (2)
- diagnostics (2)
- diet (2)
- dietary supplements (2)
- dihydroceramide (2)
- disease burden (2)
- disease models (2)
- disease progression (2)
- disintegration (2)
- dislocation (2)
- distress (2)
- docetaxel (2)
- doxycycline (2)
- drug release (2)
- drug-induced liver injury (2)
- dual task (2)
- dysphagia (2)
- early breast cancer (2)
- eating disorders (2)
- economic burden (2)
- education (2)
- eicosanoids (2)
- elderly patients (2)
- electrocardiography (2)
- electron transport chain (2)
- emergency care (2)
- encoding (2)
- endothelial (2)
- endothelial cell (2)
- endovascular treatment (2)
- entorhinal cortex lesion (2)
- ephrinB2 (2)
- epidemics (2)
- epidermal growth factor (2)
- epigenetic (2)
- epileptic encephalopathy (2)
- epileptogenesis (2)
- epithelial to mesenchymal transition (2)
- erectile dysfunction (2)
- esophageal cancer (2)
- euthymic (2)
- evaluation (2)
- evolution (2)
- expertise (2)
- extraversion (2)
- factor H (2)
- faculty development (2)
- fall (2)
- fasting (2)
- feedback (2)
- female subjects (2)
- femoral artery ligation (2)
- ferric carboxymaltose (2)
- fibrinolysis (2)
- focal therapy (2)
- fracture (2)
- frühes Mammakarzinom (2)
- functional genetics (2)
- functional genomics (2)
- furcation involvement class III (2)
- fusion (2)
- fusion biopsy (2)
- gait analysis (2)
- gene signature (2)
- genetic diversity (2)
- genetics (2)
- genome (2)
- glucose metabolism (2)
- growth factor (2)
- guided bone regeneration (2)
- guidelines (2)
- haemophilia (2)
- haemophilia A (2)
- head and neck neoplasms (2)
- head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (2)
- health (2)
- health care (2)
- health information exchange (2)
- healthcare personnel (2)
- healthcare workers (2)
- hearing loss (2)
- hedgehog signaling (2)
- hematopoiesis (2)
- hematopoietic stem cells (2)
- hemolysis (2)
- hemorrhagic transformation (2)
- hepatic encephalopathy (2)
- hepatitis B virus (2)
- hepatotoxicity (2)
- herbal hepatotoxicity (2)
- hippocampal sclerosis (2)
- histamine (2)
- histological validation (2)
- histone deacetylase (2)
- histone deacetylase inhibitor (2)
- homeostatic plasticity (2)
- human biology and medicine (2)
- human cytomegalovirus (2)
- human genomics (2)
- human immunodeficiency virus (2)
- humans (2)
- hyperalgesia (2)
- hyperhomocysteinemia (2)
- iCBT (2)
- iDILI (2)
- iPS (2)
- idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (2)
- immune system (2)
- immune therapy (2)
- immunocytochemistry (2)
- immunosuppression (2)
- induced membrane (2)
- induction chemotherapy (2)
- infections (2)
- infectious disease (2)
- infectivity (2)
- infiltration (2)
- inhibitors (2)
- injury (2)
- inner ear (2)
- insulin (2)
- integrated stress response (2)
- integration (2)
- integrative medicine (2)
- interferon (2)
- interferon gamma (2)
- interleukin-18 (2)
- interleukin-4 (2)
- interleukins (2)
- intermediate risk (2)
- internet (2)
- intracranial hemorrhage (2)
- irritable bowel syndrome (2)
- job-exposure matrix (2)
- joint contact forces (2)
- keratinized mucosa (2)
- kidney cancer (2)
- kidney function (2)
- kinase inhibitor (2)
- kinase regulation (2)
- kinematic analysis (2)
- kinematics (2)
- knowledge discovery (2)
- lapatinib (2)
- lathosterol (2)
- layer-specificity (2)
- lenalidomide (2)
- leukodystrophy (2)
- leukopenia (2)
- leukotriene (2)
- lifestyle intervention (2)
- lipidomics (2)
- liver damage (2)
- liver disease (2)
- liver metastases (2)
- local control (2)
- local information dynamics (2)
- local recurrence (2)
- localized prostate cancer (2)
- long-term outcome (2)
- long-term potentiation (2)
- long-term success (2)
- long-term survival (2)
- long-term tooth survival (2)
- longevity (2)
- low molecular weight heparin (2)
- low-glycaemic meal replacement (2)
- lymph node dissection (2)
- lymphocytes (2)
- mRNA stability (2)
- mTOR inhibitor (2)
- maintenance (2)
- malignancy (2)
- mammary carcinoma (2)
- mandatory reporting (2)
- marginal bone loss (2)
- mast cells (2)
- mathematical models of viral RNA cycle (2)
- matrix (2)
- medical education (2)
- medication review (2)
- medulloblastoma (2)
- melatonin (2)
- membrane protein complex (2)
- mental health (2)
- mesenchymal stromal cell (2)
- meta-analysis (2)
- metastatic (2)
- metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (2)
- methylprednisolone (2)
- miR (2)
- miR-181 (2)
- miR-21 (2)
- microdosing (2)
- microenvironment (2)
- microsurgery (2)
- modularity (2)
- molecular dynamics (2)
- molecular marker (2)
- molecular mimicry (2)
- molecular typing (2)
- monoclonal antibody (2)
- morbidity (2)
- morphogenesis (2)
- morphometry (2)
- mouse models (2)
- mucormycetes (2)
- multicentre study (2)
- multidetector computed tomography (2)
- multinucleated giant cells (2)
- multisensory integration (2)
- musculoskeletal (2)
- musculoskeletal modeling (2)
- music (2)
- myelodysplastic syndrome (2)
- nanoparticles (2)
- natural product (2)
- ncRNA (2)
- neoadjuvant chemotherapy (2)
- network analysis (2)
- neural network (2)
- neurocognition (2)
- neurocognitive (2)
- neurodegenerative diseases (2)
- neuroendocrine (2)
- neurogenesis (2)
- neuromodulation (2)
- neurooncology (2)
- neuropathy (2)
- neurophysiology (2)
- neuroprotection (2)
- neuroticism (2)
- neutropenia (2)
- neutrophils (2)
- newborn (2)
- next generation sequencing (2)
- next generation sequencing (NGS) (2)
- niche (2)
- nivolumab (2)
- non-small cell lung cancer (2)
- non-small-cell lung cancer (2)
- nursery schools (2)
- nutlin-3 (2)
- occupational exposure (2)
- occupational health (2)
- occupational infections (2)
- olfaction (2)
- oligomerisation (2)
- omega-3 fatty acids (2)
- oncogene (2)
- oncomodulation (2)
- online survey (2)
- oral and maxillofacial surgery (2)
- oscillations (2)
- osteogenesis (2)
- other-cause mortality (2)
- out-patient paediatrics (2)
- p16 (2)
- paclitaxel (2)
- pain management (2)
- paired associative stimulation (2)
- palatal tremor (2)
- partial information decomposition (2)
- passive smoke (2)
- pathology (2)
- patient (2)
- patient centered care (2)
- patient preferences (2)
- patient triage (2)
- patient-reported outcomes (2)
- pediatric surgery (2)
- pelvic packing (2)
- penile cancer (2)
- peptide aptamer (PA) (2)
- peri-implant diseases (2)
- pericytes (2)
- periodontal diseases (2)
- periodontitis stage III and IV (2)
- peri‐implantitis (2)
- pertussis (2)
- phagocytes (2)
- pharmacogenetics (2)
- pharmacokinetics (2)
- pharmacoresistance (2)
- pharmacovigilance (2)
- phosphate (2)
- photodynamic therapy (2)
- physiotherapy (2)
- platelet-rich fibrin (2)
- polo-like kinase 1 (2)
- poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) (2)
- polygenic risk score (2)
- polymerase chain reaction (2)
- polymorphism (2)
- population dynamics (2)
- post-translational modifications (2)
- postoperative complications (2)
- postoperative pain (2)
- posttraumatic stress disorder (2)
- preclinical (2)
- prediction (2)
- predictive (2)
- predictor (2)
- preterm birth (2)
- primary sclerosing cholangitis (2)
- process evaluation (2)
- prognostic (2)
- prognostic factors (2)
- prognostic value (2)
- progranulin (2)
- prostaglandin E (2)
- prostate carcinoma cells (2)
- proteasome (2)
- proteasome inhibitor (2)
- protein kinase (2)
- protein phosphorylation (2)
- protein quality control (2)
- protein-protein interaction (2)
- protein-rich (2)
- proteostasis (2)
- proximal tubule (2)
- psychiatric disorders (2)
- psychiatry (2)
- psychosis (2)
- pulmonary embolism (2)
- pulmonary hypertension (2)
- pulmonary vein isolation (2)
- pulse wave velocity (2)
- qRT-PCR (2)
- quality (2)
- quality assurance (2)
- quantum biology (2)
- radical cystectomy (2)
- radioimmunotherapy (2)
- randomized (2)
- randomized controlled trial (2)
- rare disease (2)
- rare diseases (2)
- rat model (2)
- re-osseointegration (2)
- real-world (2)
- real-world data (2)
- recommendations (2)
- reference values (2)
- refractory (2)
- regenerative medicine (2)
- regulatory T cell (2)
- relapse (2)
- relaxometry (2)
- reliability (2)
- renal failure (2)
- renal tubular epithelial cells (2)
- research (2)
- residual myometrial thickness (2)
- resistance mutation (2)
- resistant cell lines (2)
- resolution (2)
- resolution of inflammation (2)
- respiratory chain (2)
- respiratory failure (2)
- respiratory tract infection (2)
- resting-state (2)
- resveratrol (2)
- revision surgery (2)
- ribavirin (2)
- risk (2)
- risk assessment (2)
- risk group (2)
- risk prediction (2)
- saliva (2)
- salvage radical prostatectomy (2)
- sarcoma (2)
- scaffold (2)
- school-based prevention (2)
- scientometrics (2)
- scientometry (2)
- second-hand smoke (2)
- second-line (2)
- secondary data analysis (2)
- secretion (2)
- secretome (2)
- secukinumab (2)
- selection (2)
- sensory neuropathy (2)
- serine protease (NS3-4A) (2)
- shunt (2)
- siRNA (2)
- signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (Stat5) (2)
- signature (2)
- simulation (2)
- single-sided deafness (2)
- sitosterol (2)
- skin (2)
- smoking cessation (2)
- smooth muscle cells (2)
- soft tissue (2)
- soluble MICA (2)
- sound-induced flash illusion (2)
- speech perception (2)
- sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor (2)
- sphingosine kinase (2)
- spiking neural networks (2)
- spinal dural leaks (2)
- spine head (2)
- sport (2)
- spreadsheet (2)
- squamous cell carcinoma (2)
- stability (2)
- stage (2)
- standard value (2)
- starvation (2)
- stationarity (2)
- steatosis (2)
- stem cells (2)
- stereotactic radiosurgery (2)
- stress granules (2)
- study protocol (2)
- sub-lineage (2)
- subchondral bone (2)
- superficial siderosis (2)
- survival rate (2)
- survivin (2)
- sympathetic nervous system (2)
- symptoms (2)
- synaptopodin (2)
- synchronization (2)
- synchrony (2)
- synergy (2)
- synovium (2)
- tDCS (2)
- telemedicine (2)
- temperature (2)
- temsirolimus (2)
- testosterone (2)
- tetracycline (2)
- tetrahydrobiopterin (2)
- tetrahydrocannabinol (2)
- therapy monitoring (2)
- therapy resistance (2)
- tissue Doppler imaging (2)
- tobacco (2)
- tobacco smoke (2)
- tolerability (2)
- tolerance (2)
- tooth transplantation (2)
- total hip replacement (2)
- tracking (2)
- trafficking (2)
- training (2)
- transcription factors (2)
- transcriptomics (2)
- transforming growth factor-β (2)
- translation (2)
- trastuzumab (2)
- trials (2)
- triple-negative breast cancer (2)
- trophoblast (2)
- trophoblasts (2)
- tumor (2)
- tumor angiogenesis (2)
- tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (2)
- tumor necrosis factor (2)
- tumor stroma (2)
- tumor suppressor (2)
- tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (2)
- type 1 diabetes (2)
- unilateral hip osteoarthritis (2)
- upgrading (2)
- urethral stricture (2)
- urethroplasty (2)
- urinary incontinence (2)
- urological cancer (2)
- ursodeoxycholic acid (2)
- ustekinumab (2)
- uteroglobin (2)
- vaccination rates (2)
- vascular biology (2)
- vascular disease (2)
- vasodilation (2)
- ventral striatum (2)
- very high risk (2)
- virus (2)
- viruses (2)
- visual cortex (2)
- vitamin B deficiency (2)
- von Willebrand disease (2)
- von Willebrand factor (2)
- waiting time (2)
- walking (2)
- weight loss (2)
- weight reduction (2)
- white matter hyperintensity (2)
- within-host viral modelling (2)
- women (2)
- workflow (2)
- zebrafish (2)
- zinc (2)
- Ärztliche Aufklärung (2)
- (cardiac) surgery (1)
- (lyso)phospholipids (1)
- (novel) brominated flame retardants ((N)BFR) (1)
- (sub-) luxation (1)
- 1,2-dichloroethane (1)
- 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D (1)
- 1-propanol (1)
- 14-3-3 gene family (1)
- 15-PGDH (1)
- 16 segment AHA model (1)
- 16S rRNA sequencing (1)
- 16p11.2 (1)
- 17-AAG (1)
- 17‐OH itraconazole (1)
- 19F MR spectroscopy (1)
- 1H MR spectroscopy (1)
- 1H NMR; Conformational Properties (1)
- 1α,25(OH)2D3 (1)
- 2-AG (1)
- 2-Arachidonoyl glycerol (1)
- 2-deoxy-d-glucose (1)
- 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) (1)
- 2-hydroxyglutarate (1)
- 2019-nCoV (1)
- 223Radium-dichloride (1)
- 26 LncRNA (1)
- 2‑methoxyestradiol (1)
- 2′,3′-cGAMP (1)
- 3 mm RAS instruments (1)
- 3 mm instruments (1)
- 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (1)
- 3-hydroxyisovaleryl carnitine (1)
- 3-year survival (1)
- 32D progenitor cells (1)
- 3Cs technology (1)
- 3D culture (1)
- 3D gait analysis (1)
- 3D laparoscopy (1)
- 3D printed cell-free scaffold (1)
- 3D printing using composite resin (1)
- 3D printing using zirconia (1)
- 3D spatiotemporal resolved mathematical models (1)
- 3D tissue models (1)
- 3D-models (1)
- 3D-printing (1)
- 3T3-L1 mouse fibroblasts (1)
- 3years (1)
- 4-1BB (1)
- 4-FA (1)
- 4-fluoroamphetamine (1)
- 5 lipoxygenase (1)
- 5' UTR (1)
- 6-Schritt-Methode (1)
- 9-aminoacridine (1)
- 90% or more improvement in baseline Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (1)
- 99mTc-MIBI (1)
- 99mTc-pertechnetate (1)
- A-FFIP (1)
- A-PRF+ (1)
- A2BP1 (1)
- A375 human melanoma cell line (1)
- A375 human melanoma cells (1)
- A498 cells (1)
- A549 (1)
- AA-amylodosis (1)
- AAA+ disaggregase (1)
- AB-serum (1)
- ABC transporter (1)
- ABCB5 (1)
- ABS (1)
- ABT-737 (1)
- ACE inhibitor (1)
- ACE-inhibitor (1)
- ACKR (1)
- ACT-777991 (1)
- ACTH (1)
- ACURATE neo (1)
- ADAM-17 (1)
- ADAM10 (1)
- ADAMTS-13 (1)
- ADAMTS13 (1)
- ADCC (1)
- ADGRE1 (1)
- ADHD differential diagnosis (1)
- ADHS (1)
- AGC kinase (1)
- AGMO (1)
- AICAR (1)
- AIH immunopathogenesis (1)
- AIS (1)
- AJAP1 (1)
- AKT (1)
- AKT signaling (1)
- AKT-mTOR pathway (1)
- ALD (1)
- ALDH2 (1)
- ALF (1)
- ALK gene (1)
- ALK-rearranged NSCLC (1)
- AMD3100 (1)
- AML – acute myeloid leukemia (1)
- AMP-activated kinase (1)
- AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) (1)
- AO-PCCF (1)
- AOSpine (1)
- AOSpine injury score (1)
- APMPPE - acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (1)
- APP (1)
- APP processing (1)
- APRI (1)
- APT-CEST (1)
- ARA (1)
- ARID5B (1)
- ASA404 (1)
- ASAP (1)
- ASCT (1)
- ASD-specific (1)
- ASO (1)
- ASPECTS (1)
- AT-101 (1)
- AT1 receptor antagonist (1)
- ATG3 (1)
- ATG4 (1)
- ATG8 (1)
- ATO (1)
- ATXN2 (1)
- AU-rich element (1)
- AVM hemorrhage (1)
- AZD7762 (1)
- Abatacept (1)
- Abdominal infections (1)
- Abdominal surgery (1)
- Abdominal trauma (1)
- Abductor pollicis longus (1)
- Abiraterone acetate (1)
- Abl kinase inhibitors (1)
- Ablation (1)
- Ablation Techniques (1)
- Abrasion (1)
- Absenteeism (1)
- Absolute quantification (1)
- Abusive head trauma (AHT) (1)
- Academic health centres (1)
- Academics (1)
- Accelerometry (1)
- Accessibility (1)
- Accidents (1)
- Accumulated degree days (1)
- Acellular dermis (1)
- Acer platanoides (1)
- Acid ceramiase (1)
- Acidic Amino Acids (1)
- Acquired drug resistance (1)
- Acquired resistance (1)
- Actaea cimicifuga (1)
- Actin (1)
- Actinomycin D (1)
- Action potential (1)
- Activated partial thromboplastin time (1)
- Active middle ear implants (1)
- Activity control (1)
- Acute (1)
- Acute HIV infection (1)
- Acute Hemiparesis (1)
- Acute Myeloid Leukemia (1)
- Acute appendicitis (1)
- Acute bronchitis (1)
- Acute calcolous cholecystitis (1)
- Acute coronary syndrome (1)
- Acute cough (1)
- Acute elbow dislocation (1)
- Acute heart failure (1)
- Acute hospital (1)
- Acute kidney failure (1)
- Acute leukemia (1)
- Acute respiratory distress syndrom (1)
- Acute-on-chronic subdural hematoma (1)
- Adeno associated virus (1)
- Adenylyl cyclase (1)
- Adherence junctions (1)
- Adhesins (1)
- Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (1)
- Adiposity (1)
- Adjustment of dosage at steady state (1)
- Adjuvant therapies (1)
- Administrative claims data (1)
- Adolescence (1)
- Adult (1)
- Adult T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (1)
- Adult-onset ADHD (1)
- Advanced biliary tract cancer (1)
- Advanced breast cancer (1)
- Advanced glycation endproducts (1)
- Advanced stage (1)
- Adverse effects (1)
- Aeroplysinin-1 (1)
- Affect (1)
- Affective Misattribution Procedure (1)
- Affective disorders (1)
- Affinity Chromatography (1)
- Affinity Labeling (1)
- Africa (1)
- Ag-RDT (1)
- Aganglionosis (1)
- Age (1)
- Age determination (1)
- Age determination by skeleton (1)
- Ageing (1)
- Aggression (1)
- Aggressive periodontitis (1)
- Agoraphobia (1)
- Agreement (1)
- Air traffic (1)
- Airport-related emissions (1)
- Airways (1)
- Akt-mTOR pathway (1)
- Akt-mTOR signaling (1)
- Aktivierte partielle Thromboplastinzeit (1)
- Akute lymphatische Leukämie (1)
- Akutes Koronarsyndrom (1)
- Albumin (1)
- Albumin ratio (1)
- Aliphatic halogenated hydrocarbons (1)
- Alisertib (1)
- All oral (1)
- All-oral therapy (1)
- All-trans retinoic acid (1)
- Allergen immunotherapy (1)
- Allergic rhinitis (1)
- Allergoid (1)
- Allgemeinmedizin (1)
- Allochromatium vinosum (1)
- Allogeneic (1)
- Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (SCT) (1)
- Allogeneic hematopoietic stem (1)
- Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (1)
- Allograft bone block (1)
- Alpelisib (1)
- Alpha oscillations (1)
- Alpha power (1)
- Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) (1)
- Alpha-synuclein (1)
- Alpha-synuclein deficiency (1)
- Alternative oxidase (1)
- Alveolar ridge augmentation (1)
- Alzheimer’s dementia (1)
- Ambient air (1)
- Ambroxol (1)
- Ambulatory Assessment (1)
- Ameloblastoma (1)
- Amino acid analysis (1)
- Amino acids (1)
- Aminosäuremetabolismus (1)
- Aminosäuren (1)
- Aminotransferases (1)
- Amisulpride (1)
- Amitriptyline (1)
- Amizon (1)
- Amniotic fluid (1)
- Amphetamine (1)
- Amygdala (1)
- Amyloid precursor protein (1)
- Amyloid-beta 42 (1)
- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (1)
- Anaesthesia (1)
- Anakinra (1)
- Analgesie (1)
- Analogue modelling (1)
- Analysis tool (1)
- Anaplastic astrocytoma (1)
- Anatomic competence (1)
- Andersen-Tawil syndrome (1)
- Anderson–Fabry (1)
- Andexanet alpha (1)
- Andropogon virginicus (1)
- Anemia management (1)
- Anesthesia, Intravenous (1)
- Aneurysm (1)
- Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (1)
- Aneurysms (1)
- Angiectasia (1)
- Angiodysplasia (1)
- Angioedema (1)
- Angiogenèse (1)
- Angiomyolipoma (1)
- Angioplasty (1)
- Angststörungen (1)
- Animal disease models (1)
- Animal experiment (1)
- Animal wings (1)
- Anion and Zwitterion Transport (1)
- Ankle arthrometer (1)
- Anomalous venous atrial connections (1)
- Anopheles (1)
- Anorexia Nervosa (1)
- Anosmia (1)
- Anschlussheilbehandlung (1)
- Antagonist (1)
- Antarctic marine sponges (1)
- Anterior cingulate cortex (1)
- Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (1)
- Anti platelet therapy (1)
- Anti-CMV IgG (1)
- Anti-TNF (1)
- Anti-inflammatory (1)
- Anti-rheumatic agents (1)
- Anti-seizure medication (1)
- Anti-tumor immunity (1)
- Antiangiogenesis (1)
- Antibiotic (1)
- Antibiotic generic drugs (1)
- Antibiotic steward-ship (1)
- Antibiotic stewardship (1)
- Antibiotic therapy (1)
- Antibody avidity (1)
- Antibody isotypes (1)
- Antibody therapy (1)
- Antibody-mediated rejection (1)
- Anticholinergic (1)
- Anticoagulant (1)
- Anticoagulants (1)
- Anticoagulants [MeSH] (1)
- Anticonvulsant (1)
- Anticonvulsants (1)
- Antidepressant (1)
- Antifungal agents (1)
- Antigen test (1)
- Antigen-presenting cells (1)
- Antigennachweis (1)
- Antigens (1)
- Antihormone therapy (1)
- Antimicrobial resistance (1)
- Antineoplastic agents (1)
- Antioxidant (1)
- Antioxidants (1)
- Antiplatelet therapy (1)
- Antiproliferative (1)
- Antireflux surgery (1)
- Antirheumatic agents (1)
- Antithrombotic therapy (1)
- Antivenom (1)
- Antiviral agents (1)
- Antiviral immune response (1)
- Antiviral response (1)
- Anura (1)
- Anwendbarkeit (1)
- Anxiolytic pharmacological therapy (1)
- Aortic Valve Replacement (1)
- Aortic aneurysm (1)
- Aortic arch replacement (1)
- Aortic debranching (1)
- Aortic input function (1)
- Aortic stiffness (1)
- Aortic valve sparing (1)
- Aperiodic (1)
- Apes (1)
- Aphantasia (1)
- Apoptotic cell death (1)
- Appendectomy (1)
- Aquaporins (1)
- Ara h2-specific IgE (1)
- Arabin pessary (1)
- Arabin-Pessar (1)
- Arbeitsgedächtnis (1)
- ArchT (1)
- Archaebacterial Lipids (1)
- Area deprivation (1)
- Arms (1)
- Aromatase Inhibitors (1)
- Aromatase inhibitors (1)
- Arrhythmia syndromes (1)
- Arrhythmia/all (1)
- Artemether-lumefantrine (1)
- Artemisinin-combination-therapy (1)
- Arteria ophthalmica (1)
- Arteriogenesis (1)
- Arteriosklerose (1)
- Arteriovenous malformation (1)
- Artesunate (1)
- Arthroplasty (1)
- Arthroscopy (1)
- Artificial feeding bioassays (1)
- Arzneimittelmarkt (1)
- Arzneimittelrecht (1)
- Asian bush mosquito (1)
- Asparaginase (1)
- Aspergillosis (1)
- Aspergillus species (1)
- Aspirin (1)
- Assay variation (1)
- Assessment of care (1)
- Asthma (1)
- Asthma and allergic disorders (1)
- Astrocytoma (1)
- Astrocytoma grades (1)
- Ataxia score (1)
- Atazanavir (1)
- Atelopus carbonerensis (1)
- Atelopus mucubajiensis (1)
- Atelopus tamaense (1)
- Atezolizumab (1)
- Athlete (1)
- Atm (1)
- Atomoxetine (1)
- Atrial Fibrillation (1)
- Atrial appendage occlusion (1)
- Atrial fibrillation classification (1)
- Atrial function (1)
- Attack (1)
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (1)
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) (1)
- Attention deficit (1)
- Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) (1)
- Attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder (1)
- Attentional bias (1)
- Atxn2 (1)
- Audio equipment (1)
- Audio signal processing (1)
- Audiology (1)
- Audition (1)
- Auditory (1)
- Auditory cortex (1)
- Auditory rehabilitation (1)
- Auric nanoparticles (1)
- Aurora (1)
- Aurora Ax (1)
- Aurora kinase (1)
- Aurora kinase inhibitor (1)
- Australia (1)
- Autism Spectrum disorder (1)
- Autism spectrum disorders (1)
- Autistic Behavior (1)
- Autistic disorder (1)
- Auto transfusion (1)
- Auto-ML (1)
- Autogenous bone block (1)
- Autoimmune encephalomyelitis (1)
- Autoimmune response (1)
- Autoimmune vasculopathy (1)
- Autologous stem cell transplantation (1)
- Automated Tube Potential Selection (1)
- Automated sRNA analysis (1)
- Automatic Environmental Tobacco Smoke Emitter (1)
- Autonomic nervous system (1)
- Autosomal recessive cutis laxa type 1C (1)
- Awareness (1)
- Axiography (1)
- Axon (1)
- Axons (1)
- Ayahuasca (1)
- Ayurveda (1)
- Ayurvedic herbal products (1)
- Azacitidine (1)
- Azan (1)
- Azan trichrome stain (1)
- Azathioprine (1)
- Azidothymidine (1)
- B cell cancer (1)
- B cell differentiation (1)
- B cell malignancies (1)
- B cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (1)
- B cell receptor (1)
- B cell subpopulations (1)
- B-cell (1)
- B-cell antigen receptor (1)
- B-cell immunology (1)
- B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (1)
- B-cell receptor (1)
- B-cell transcription factors (1)
- B.1.1.529 (1)
- B.1.1.7 (1)
- B.1.617.1 (1)
- B.1.617.2 (1)
- B16 cells (1)
- B3GNT2 (1)
- BA.4 (1)
- BA.5 (1)
- BATF3 (1)
- BBB (1)
- BCL-2 (1)
- BCL11b (1)
- BCORL1 (1)
- BCR signaling (1)
- BCR-ABL (1)
- BEACOPP (1)
- BET proteins (1)
- BEZ235 (1)
- BFIS (1)
- BG-index (1)
- BH3 mimetics (1)
- BI1361849 (1)
- BIAM switch assay (1)
- BIAM-switch (1)
- BIRC5 (1)
- BK channel (1)
- BMAC (1)
- BMP4 (1)
- BMSC (1)
- BNC2 (1)
- BNT2b2 (1)
- BPD (1)
- BPDCN (1)
- BPO (1)
- BPTF (1)
- BRAF V600E (1)
- BRAF inhibitors (1)
- BRAF mutation (1)
- BRD4-NUT (1)
- BRUCE (1)
- BRVO (1)
- BTC (1)
- BTK (1)
- BV6 (1)
- Babesia venatorum (1)
- Bacillus subtilis (1)
- Back pain (1)
- Back scan (1)
- Backpropagating action potential (1)
- Bacteraemia (1)
- Bacteria (1)
- Bacteria-host interaction (1)
- Bacterial abundance (1)
- Bacterial adhesion (1)
- Bacterial leakage (1)
- Bacterial meningitis (1)
- Bacterial pathogenesis (1)
- Bacterial pathogens (1)
- BadA, (1)
- Bag6 (1)
- Balance (1)
- Ballet (1)
- Ballon-assisted enteroscopy (1)
- Balloon-expandable TAVI (1)
- Bamlanivimab (1)
- Bariatric surgery (1)
- Barlow disease (1)
- Barrier (1)
- Bartonella (1)
- Bartonella adhesin A (1)
- Bartonella grahamii (1)
- Bartonella henselae (1)
- Bartonella schoenbuchensis (1)
- Basal Ganglia (1)
- Basal ganglia (1)
- Bathyergidae (1)
- Batten disease (1)
- Bayesian (1)
- Bayesian inference (1)
- Bayesian model (1)
- Bcl-2 (1)
- Bcr-Abl (1)
- Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome (1)
- Becton Dickinson (1)
- Bee venom allergy (1)
- Beginners (1)
- Behandlungspfad (1)
- Behavioral analysis (1)
- Behavioral tests (1)
- Behavioural ecology (1)
- Benchmarks (1)
- Benign disorder (1)
- Benign enlargement of the subarachnoid spaces (BESS) (1)
- Benign prostatic hyperplasia (1)
- Bentall operation (1)
- Berci needle (1)
- Berotralstat (1)
- Best practice (1)
- Best-practice model (1)
- Bias (1)
- Bibliometric analysis (1)
- Biceps brachii (1)
- Bidirectional genes (1)
- Big Data (1)
- Big five (1)
- Bilateral cochlear implant (1)
- Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (1)
- Biliary physiology (1)
- Biliary tree (1)
- Biliary tree stones (1)
- Bilirubin (1)
- Billroth II gastroenterostomy (1)
- Billroth papillotome (1)
- Billroth’s operation-II (1)
- Bio safety (1)
- Bioactivity-guided fractionation (1)
- Bioavailability prediction (1)
- Bioenergetics (1)
- Biofluids (1)
- Biological (1)
- Biological Activity (1)
- Biological heart valves (1)
- Biological invasion (1)
- Biological markers (1)
- Biological profile (1)
- Biological sciences (1)
- Biomarker Discovery Study (1)
- Biomarkers & Diagnostic Imaging (1)
- Biomechanical analysis (1)
- Biophysics (1)
- Bioprosthesis (1)
- Biotechnology (1)
- Bipolar (1)
- Birth (1)
- Bis-azido-NAD+ Analog (1)
- Bisphosphonates (1)
- Black cohosh (1)
- Black cohosh induced liver injury (1)
- Bleeding Risk (1)
- Blindness (1)
- Blocked occlusion (1)
- Blog (1)
- Blood cells (1)
- Blood coagulation disorder (1)
- Blood loss calculator (1)
- Blood loss formula (1)
- Blood management (1)
- Blood sample handling (1)
- Blood sampling (1)
- Blood transfusion (1)
- Bloodstream infection (1)
- Blow fly (1)
- Blowflies (1)
- BluePrint (1)
- Blurred vision (1)
- Blutspenderscreening (1)
- Blutung (1)
- Blutungskontrolle (1)
- Blutübertragbare Virusinfektionen (1)
- Body limbs (1)
- Body sway (1)
- Body-contouring surgery (1)
- Bone and joint mechanics (1)
- Bone cancer (1)
- Bone cement implantation syndrome (1)
- Bone conduction devices (1)
- Bone diseases, Metabolic (1)
- Bone dust (1)
- Bone marrow aspirate concentrate (1)
- Bone marrow cells (1)
- Bone marrow fibrosis (1)
- Bone marrow mononuclear cells (1)
- Bone metastases (1)
- Bone metastasis (1)
- Bone remodelling (1)
- Bone strength assessment (1)
- Bone substitute (1)
- Bone tumor (1)
- Borrelia Garinii (1)
- Borrelia miyamotoi (1)
- Bortezomib (1)
- Bottom-up (1)
- Bowel obstruction (1)
- Brachial artery (1)
- Brachytherapy (1)
- Bradycardia (1)
- Bradykinin (1)
- Brain DNA methylation (1)
- Brain anatomy (1)
- Brain asymmetry (1)
- Brain damage (1)
- Brain development (1)
- Brain injuries (1)
- Brain injury (1)
- Brain ischemia (1)
- Brain repair (1)
- Brain tumor surgery (1)
- Brain tumors (1)
- BrainNet Europe consortium (1)
- Brasilien (1)
- Breast cancer survivers (1)
- Breast conserving surgery (1)
- Breast neoplasm (1)
- Breast reconstruction (1)
- Breathing (1)
- Breech delivery (1)
- Bright light therapy (1)
- Brij 35 (1)
- BrijL23 (1)
- Brms (1)
- Brodalumab (1)
- Bronchial inflammation (1)
- Bronchitis severity scale (1)
- Bronchodilator agents (1)
- Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (1)
- Browsertool (1)
- Brustkrebs (1)
- Bufonidae (1)
- Bungarus niger (1)
- Burkholderia arboris (1)
- Burkitt’s lymphoma (1)
- Burns (1)
- Burst (1)
- Bypass liner (1)
- C-clamp (1)
- C-reactive proteins (1)
- C1 esterase inhibitor (human) (1)
- C1-INH (C1 inhibitor, C1-esterase inhibitor) (1)
- C1-esterase inhibitor protein (1)
- C1-inhibitor (1)
- C1-inhibitor deficiency (1)
- C2 domain (1)
- C3M (1)
- C4M (1)
- C5 acylcarnitine (1)
- C57BL/6J mice (1)
- C57BL/6N mice (1)
- C6 ceramide (1)
- CA (1)
- CA1 (1)
- CAD-CAM (1)
- CAD/ CAM crown (1)
- CAD/CAM crown (1)
- CAKUT (1)
- CAPON (1)
- CAR-NK cell (1)
- CAR-T cell (1)
- CAT (1)
- CBC (1)
- CCC-2 (1)
- CCN2 (1)
- CD137 (1)
- CD23 (1)
- CD271 (1)
- CD3 (1)
- CD3/19 depletion (1)
- CD3/CD19 depletion (1)
- CD34 (1)
- CD34 selection (1)
- CD34+ cell enumeration (1)
- CD34 + cells (1)
- CD4 binding site (1)
- CD4+ T cells (1)
- CD40 (1)
- CD41 (1)
- CD45RA Depletion (1)
- CD45RA naïve lymphocytes (1)
- CD47 (1)
- CD49d (1)
- CD56 (1)
- CD62L (1)
- CD62P (1)
- CD62p+Exosomes (1)
- CD74 (1)
- CD8 (1)
- CD8+ T cell (1)
- CD8+ T cells (1)
- CD8+ T lymphocytes (1)
- CD8+ T-cell mediated tumor suppression (1)
- CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (1)
- CD95/Fas receptor (1)
- CDH13 (1)
- CDI (1)
- CDK inhibitor (1)
- CDK-cyclin axis (1)
- CDK2 (1)
- CDK4/6 inhibitor (1)
- CDK4/6 inhibitors (1)
- CDK4/CDK6 (1)
- CDKN2A (1)
- CEBPD (1)
- CEBPE (1)
- CEST EPI (1)
- CGD (1)
- CGN codon (1)
- CHA2DS2-VASc-score (1)
- CHEPs (1)
- CHIP (1)
- CHRDL1 (1)
- CHRNA10 (1)
- CHRNA7 (1)
- CHRNA9 (1)
- CIK cell (1)
- CIM (1)
- CIRS (1)
- CK2α (1)
- CLEC-2 (1)
- CLIF-C ACLF score (1)
- CLIF-C ACLF-R score (1)
- CLOCC (1)
- CMR (1)
- CMS (1)
- CMVepidemiology (1)
- CNDAC (1)
- CNS (1)
- CNS cancer (1)
- CNS toxicity (1)
- CNS tumor (1)
- CNVs (1)
- CO2-induced forced ventilation (1)
- COBAS Taqman (1)
- COI (1)
- COII (1)
- COMT (1)
- COPD course and therapy (1)
- COVID (1)
- COVID 19 pandemic (1)
- COVID-19 epitope signatures (1)
- COVID-19 pandemic (1)
- COVID-19 vaccination (1)
- COVID-19, Primary care (1)
- COVID‐19 (1)
- CPT1A (1)
- CQL (1)
- CRBN (1)
- CRE-dependent transcription (1)
- CRE-luciferase (1)
- CREB inhibitor (1)
- CRISPR screen (1)
- CRISPR/dCas9 (1)
- CRM1 (1)
- CRPC (1)
- CRT (1)
- CRT-D (1)
- CRVO (1)
- CSC marker (1)
- CT dual-energy computed tomography (1)
- CT pulmonary angiography (1)
- CT radiation exposure (1)
- CT-guidance (1)
- CT-guided interventions (1)
- CTX (1)
- CUELA system (1)
- CUP (1)
- CVD biomarker (1)
- CVID (1)
- CWS Studiengruppe (1)
- CXCL10 (1)
- CXCL13 (1)
- CXCL16 (1)
- CXCR3 antagonism (1)
- CY-503 (1)
- CYBA/p22phox (1)
- CYP1A1 (1)
- CYP450 (1)
- Ca2+ imaging (1)
- CaMPARI (1)
- Cabozantinib (1)
- Caco 2 cells/metabolism (1)
- Caco-2 cells (1)
- Caco‐2 cells (1)
- Caenorhabditis elegans (1)
- Caffeine (1)
- Calcium calmodulin kinase (1)
- Calcium gluconate (1)
- Calcium signalling (1)
- Calciumphosphatprodukt (1)
- Calnexin (1)
- Calprotectin (1)
- Canada (1)
- Cancer Staging (1)
- Cancer detection (1)
- Cancer development (1)
- Cancer epigenetics (1)
- Cancer of unknown primary (1)
- Cancer progression (1)
- Cancer risk factors (1)
- Cancer staging (1)
- Cancer stem cells (1)
- Cancer survivors (1)
- Cancer therapeutic resistance (1)
- Cancer-specific survival (1)
- Candida spp (1)
- Capnography (1)
- Capsaicin (1)
- Capsule endoscopy, video (1)
- Carbapenem-resistente Gram-negative Bakterien (CRGN) (1)
- Carbapenemase (1)
- Carbapenemasen (1)
- Carbohydrates (1)
- Carbon tetrachloride (1)
- Carcinogenese (1)
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast (1)
- Cardiac (1)
- Cardiac Fibrosis (1)
- Cardiac acoustic biomarkers (1)
- Cardiac biomarkers (1)
- Cardiac device therapy (1)
- Cardiac fibroblast (1)
- Cardiac function (1)
- Cardiac implantable electronic devices (1)
- Cardiac infarction (1)
- Cardiac masses (1)
- Cardiac monitoring (1)
- Cardiac necroenzymes (1)
- Cardiac output (1)
- Cardiac rehabilitation (1)
- Cardiac remodeling (1)
- Cardiac remodelling (1)
- Cardiac resynchronization therapy (1)
- Cardiac surgery patients (1)
- Cardiac troponin (1)
- Cardio-oncology (1)
- CardioMEMS™ HF system (1)
- Cardiogenic shock (1)
- Cardiomyocyte signaling pathways (1)
- Cardiomyopathy (1)
- Cardiopulmonary bypass (1)
- Cardiotoxicity (1)
- Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) (1)
- Cardiovascular disease risk (1)
- Cardiovascular epidemiology (1)
- Cardiovascular genetics (1)
- Cardiovascular mortality (1)
- Cardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen (1)
- Care home (1)
- Career promotion (1)
- Careers (1)
- Carotid injury (1)
- Carrier-bound fibrin sealant (1)
- Cartilage (1)
- Cartilage Biology (1)
- Cas9 inhibitor (1)
- Case management [MeSH] (1)
- Casirivimab (1)
- Caspase-8 (1)
- Castleman’s disease (1)
- Catch-up validation study (1)
- Catheters (1)
- Catumaxomab (1)
- Causality (1)
- Causality assessment. (1)
- Cause of death (1)
- Cdk1/cyclin B1 (1)
- Cell Adhesion (1)
- Cell Biology (1)
- Cell Death (1)
- Cell Metabolism (1)
- Cell Migration (1)
- Cell Signaling (1)
- Cell Surface Receptor (1)
- Cell adhesion (1)
- Cell cortex (1)
- Cell cultures (1)
- Cell cycle (1)
- Cell distribution (1)
- Cell membranes (1)
- Cell metabolism (1)
- Cell motility (1)
- Cell plasticity (1)
- Cell processing (1)
- Cell surface proteoglycans (1)
- Cell-assisted lipotransfer (1)
- Cell-based Assays (1)
- Cell-based therapies (1)
- Cell-to-Cell Spread (1)
- Cellular (1)
- Cellular Immune Response (1)
- Cellular energy metabolism (1)
- Cellular imaging (1)
- Cellular inflammatory response (1)
- Cellular network formation (1)
- Cellular neuroscience (1)
- Cellular stress (1)
- Cellular stress responses (1)
- Cement gap (1)
- Cementation (1)
- Center-specific time in therapeutic range (cTTR) (1)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (1)
- Central Europe (1)
- Central nervous system (1)
- Central nervous system metastases (1)
- Centrifugation (1)
- Ceramic (1)
- Ceramides (1)
- Cerasorb (1)
- Cerclage (1)
- Cerebellar ataxia (1)
- Cerebral Vasospasm (1)
- Cerebral cortex (1)
- Cerebral hypoperfusion (1)
- Cerebral ischemia (1)
- Cerebral oxygen saturation (1)
- Cerebral toxoplasmosis HIV (1)
- Cerebral vasospasm (1)
- Cerebrospinal Fluid (1)
- Cerebrovascular (1)
- Cerebrovascular disorders (1)
- Certification (1)
- Cervical (1)
- Cesarean delivery (1)
- Cezanne (1)
- ChAdOx1-S (1)
- Checkpoint Inhibitor (1)
- Checkpoint kinase (1)
- Checkpoints (1)
- Chemical company (1)
- Chemical ecology (1)
- Chemical labeling (1)
- Chemical modification (1)
- Chemiluminescence (1)
- Chemobrain (1)
- Chemoembolization (1)
- Chemokine CCL2 (1)
- Chemoprevention (1)
- Chemoradiation (1)
- Chemorefractory advanced gastric cancer (1)
- Chemosensitivity (1)
- Chest pain unit (1)
- Chikungunya (1)
- Chikungunya virus (1)
- Child abuse (1)
- Child adiposity (1)
- Child and adolescent psychotherapy (1)
- Children and adolescents (1)
- Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) (1)
- Chimerism (1)
- Chlorides (1)
- Chloroform (1)
- Cholecystectomy (1)
- Cholesterin (1)
- Cholesterol (1)
- Cholinergic (1)
- Chondral Lesion (1)
- Chondrocyte (1)
- Chondrocyte signalling (1)
- Chorion (1)
- Chrna7 knockout (1)
- Chromatin and Epigenetics (1)
- Chromatin conformation (1)
- Chromodomains (1)
- Chromoendoscopy (1)
- Chromosom (1)
- Chromosomal deletion (1)
- Chronic Hepatitis C (1)
- Chronic ankle instability (1)
- Chronic care model (1)
- Chronic conditions (1)
- Chronic depression (1)
- Chronic disease [MeSH] (1)
- Chronic diseases (1)
- Chronic health condition (1)
- Chronic heart failure (1)
- Chronic hepatitis C virus (1)
- Chronic illness (1)
- Chronic infection (1)
- Chronic intestinal failure (1)
- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (1)
- Chronic medical conditions (1)
- Chronic obstructive airway disease (1)
- Chronic pancreatitis (1)
- Chronic periodontiti (1)
- Chronification (1)
- Chronisch-myeloische Leukämie (1)
- Chronische Niereninsuffizienz (1)
- Chronology of disease (1)
- Cigarettes (1)
- Cine (1)
- Cinnarizine (1)
- Cinryze® (1)
- Circadian (1)
- Circadian rhythms and sleep (1)
- Circulating MiRNA (1)
- Circulation (1)
- Cirugía (1)
- Citation (1)
- Citationrate (1)
- Cities (1)
- Claudin 5 (1)
- Clavien–Dindo classification (1)
- Cleanliness level (1)
- Cleft palate (1)
- Click chemistry (1)
- Climate inequity (1)
- Clincial pharmacology (1)
- CliniMACS (1)
- Clinical Skills (1)
- Clinical competence (1)
- Clinical effectiveness (1)
- Clinical efficacy (1)
- Clinical frailty scale (1)
- Clinical management (1)
- Clinical outcome (1)
- Clinical pathway (1)
- Clinical pathways (1)
- Clinical pharmacology (1)
- Clinical phenotype (1)
- Clinical practice guidelines (1)
- Clinical psychometry (1)
- Clinical skills (1)
- Clinical variation (1)
- Clip (1)
- Cln3 (1)
- Clonidine (1)
- Clostridioides difficile (1)
- Clostridium (1)
- Closure (1)
- ClpB (1)
- Cluster (1)
- Cluster randomization (1)
- Clustering (1)
- Co-culture (1)
- Co-morbidity (1)
- Coagulation (1)
- Coagulopathy management (1)
- Cochleaimplantation (1)
- Cochlear Implant (1)
- Coenzyme Analogue (1)
- Coenzyme Binding (1)
- Coeval folding and boudinage (1)
- Coexistence (1)
- Cofilin (1)
- Cognitive (1)
- Cognitive behavioural therapy (1)
- Cognitive dysfunction (1)
- Cognitive enhancers of exposure therapy (1)
- Cognitive neurology (1)
- Cognitive psychology (1)
- Coherent infomax (1)
- Cohort Analysis (1)
- Cohort study (1)
- Colchicum (1)
- Cold hardiness (1)
- Cold pain (1)
- Cold tolerance (1)
- Collagen antibody-induced arthritis (1)
- Collagen hemostat (1)
- Collagen type I (1)
- Collagen type III (1)
- Collagen-based biomaterial (1)
- Collagens (1)
- Colon cancer (1)
- Colon capsule endoscopy (1)
- Colonic neoplasms (1)
- Colonisation (1)
- Colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (1)
- Colorimetric blood loss estimation (1)
- Combined immune checkpoint blockade (1)
- Combined surgical therapy (1)
- Combo® DTS (1)
- Combustion (1)
- Communicable diseases (1)
- Comparative effectiveness research (1)
- Comparative study (1)
- Comparators (1)
- Compartmental modeling (1)
- Competencies (1)
- Complement Regulator (1)
- Complement cascade (1)
- Complement system (1)
- Complementary medicine (1)
- Complementation rate (1)
- Complete heart block (1)
- Complete response (1)
- Completed suicide (1)
- Complex Formation (1)
- Complex II (1)
- Complex Systems (1)
- Complex decongestive therapy (1)
- Complex elbow fractures (1)
- Complex hernia (1)
- Complex networks (1)
- Complexin 1 (1)
- Complexin-1 (1)
- Complexome profiling (1)
- Complicated stage (1)
- Complication (1)
- Comprehensive cancer centers (1)
- Comprehensive complication index (1)
- Compression stocking (1)
- Computational biology and bioinformatics (1)
- Computational biophysics (1)
- Computational model (1)
- Computational neuroscience (1)
- Computational sRNA analysis (1)
- Computational science (1)
- Computed Tomography (1)
- Computed axial tomography (1)
- Computed tomography imaging (1)
- Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) (1)
- Computed tomography, X-ray (1)
- Computer simulation (1)
- Computer-Assisted (1)
- Computer-aided drug design (1)
- Computer-unterstützte (1)
- Computers (1)
- Concurrent CNS diseases (1)
- Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (1)
- Conditional gene trap (1)
- Conduct problems (1)
- Conduit function (1)
- Cone-beam computed tomography (1)
- Confinement (1)
- Confocal endomicroscopy (1)
- Conformational change (1)
- Congenital (1)
- Congenital CMVinfection (1)
- Congenital anomalies (1)
- Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (1)
- Congenital duodenal obstruction (1)
- Congenital ocular motor apraxia (1)
- Coniosporium corticale (1)
- Connectivity (1)
- Connectomics (1)
- Conometric connection (1)
- Consciousness (1)
- Consensus document (1)
- Consensus methods (1)
- Consensus statement (1)
- Conservative (1)
- Conservative treatment (1)
- Consortia (1)
- Constipation (1)
- Constitution (1)
- Constrained posture (1)
- Constriction (1)
- Contact precautions (1)
- Contingent Negative Variation, CNV (1)
- Continuous Performance Test, CPT (1)
- Continuous renal replacement therapy (1)
- Contractile function (1)
- Contrast agent (1)
- Contrast-Enhancing Lesions (1)
- Contrast-enhanced (1)
- Control (1)
- Conventional Chemotherapeutic (1)
- Conventional and unconventional ubiquitination (1)
- Conventional dendritic cells (1)
- Conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (1)
- Convolutional Neural Networks (1)
- Cooperation (1)
- Coping (1)
- Copy number (1)
- Copy number variation (1)
- Cord blood transplantation (1)
- Core needle biopsy (1)
- Cornea (1)
- Corneal tomography (1)
- Corona pandemic (1)
- Corona virus (1)
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) (1)
- Coronary intervention (1)
- Coronavirus (1)
- Coronaviruses (1)
- Cortical degeneration (1)
- Cortical thickness (1)
- Cost-effectiveness analysis (1)
- Couch tracking (1)
- Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (1)
- Course (1)
- CoxVa (1)
- Coxibs (1)
- Craniomaxillofacial injuries (1)
- Cre-recombinase (1)
- Credentialing (1)
- Crisis (1)
- Crispr/Cas (1)
- Critical Online Reasoning Assessment (1)
- Critical bleeding (1)
- Critical care and emergency medicine (1)
- Critical haematocrit (1)
- Critical pathway (1)
- Critical size (1)
- Cross-contamination (1)
- Cross-frequency coupling (1)
- Cross-sectional (1)
- Cross-sectional study (1)
- Crosscorrelation (1)
- Crossmodal (1)
- Cryo-electron microscopy (1)
- Cryoablation (1)
- Cryoballoon (1)
- Cryptococcus (1)
- Cryptostroma corticale (1)
- CspA (1)
- Cue-P3 (1)
- Culex pipiens (1)
- Culex pipiens biotypes pipiens/molestus (1)
- Culicidae (1)
- Culture positive (1)
- Cumulative dose (1)
- Curcumis sativus (1)
- Cure (1)
- Curvilinear dose response (1)
- Custom-made mouthguard (1)
- Cuticular hydrocarbons (1)
- Cyanoacrylate (1)
- CyberKnife (1)
- Cyclin T1 (1)
- Cyclosporin A (1)
- Cyp46a1 (1)
- Cystatin C (1)
- Cysteine‐Rich Domain (CRD) (1)
- Cytochrome P450 (1)
- Cytochrome P450 enzymes (1)
- Cytokine (1)
- Cytokines Induction (1)
- Cytology (1)
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) (1)
- Cytoplasm (1)
- Cytoplasmic staining (1)
- Cytoreductive nephrectomy (1)
- Cytotoxic CD8+ T cell (1)
- Cytotoxicity (1)
- C‐reactive protein (1)
- D-amino acid oxidase (1)
- D-dimer (1)
- D2-autoreceptor (1)
- DAMP (1)
- DAMPs (1)
- DBH genotype (1)
- DBS (1)
- DC-NK cell interaction (1)
- DCK (1)
- DCM (1)
- DDA (1)
- DDIT4 (1)
- DEE (1)
- DFNB9 (1)
- DHA (1)
- DILI database case quality (1)
- DKK1 (1)
- DKTK-ROG (1)
- DLBCL (1)
- DMARDs (synthetic) (1)
- DME (1)
- DMXAA (1)
- DNA (1)
- DNA Adducts (1)
- DNA Damage (1)
- DNA double-strand break repair (1)
- DNA integrity (1)
- DNA repair (1)
- DNA replication (1)
- DNA sequence analysis (1)
- DNA sequencing (1)
- DNA-PK (1)
- DNA-based identification (1)
- DNA-binding proteins (1)
- DNA-protein crosslinks (1)
- DOK1 (1)
- DOMS (1)
- DPPIV (1)
- DR5 (1)
- DSAEK (1)
- DSS /AOM (1)
- DST (1)
- DTHR (1)
- DUBs (1)
- DVI (1)
- DWI (1)
- DYRK1A (1)
- DYT1 (1)
- Dabigatran (1)
- Dancer (1)
- Dark triad (1)
- Darunavir (1)
- Data Analysis (1)
- Data acquisition (1)
- Data mining (1)
- Data monitoring (1)
- Data preprocessing (1)
- Data reduction (1)
- Data structure detection (1)
- Data validation (1)
- Database (1)
- Database searching (1)
- Databases (1)
- Dataset bias (1)
- Daubert criteria (1)
- David technique (1)
- De-isolation (1)
- Dead space (1)
- Decision Confidence (1)
- Decision impact (1)
- Decision support (1)
- Decision-making (1)
- Decolonization (1)
- Decontamination (1)
- Deep learning (1)
- Deep neural network (1)
- Deep vein thrombosis (1)
- Defibrillation (1)
- Deficient Inhibition (1)
- Deformation (1)
- Deformation oblique layer (1)
- Degrader design (1)
- Dehydrogenase (1)
- Dehydrogenases (1)
- Delayed Cerebral Ischemia (1)
- Delayed union (1)
- Deletion mutation (1)
- Delivery mode (1)
- Delivery quality assurance (1)
- Delphi Survey (1)
- Dementia (1)
- Dendritic Cells (1)
- Dendritic cell (1)
- Dendritic cell population (1)
- Dendritic cells (1)
- Dendritic spines (1)
- Dendritische Zelle (1)
- Denervation (1)
- Dengue fever (1)
- Dengue virus (1)
- Density equalizing (1)
- Dental Tissues (1)
- Dental air (1)
- Dental casts (1)
- Dental education (1)
- Dental phobia (1)
- Dental practice (1)
- Dental training (1)
- Dentists (1)
- Dentition (1)
- Depolarization (1)
- Depression stigma (1)
- Dermal fat (1)
- Dermatitis (1)
- Dermatomyositis (1)
- Desinfektion von Flugzeugen (1)
- Desmin (1)
- Detection (1)
- Detection workflow (1)
- Developmental Biology (1)
- Developmental disorders (1)
- Developmental programming (1)
- Developmental trajectory (1)
- Developmentally adapted cognitive processing therapy (1)
- Devic disease (1)
- Devic syndrome (1)
- Device (1)
- Dexamethasone (1)
- Dexterity (1)
- Diabetic nephropathy (1)
- Diagnostic differentiation (1)
- Diagnostic dye (1)
- Diagnostic error (1)
- Diagnostic imaging (1)
- Diagnostic techniques and procedures (1)
- Diagnostic tests (1)
- Diagnostics (1)
- Diagnostik (1)
- Diary Data (1)
- Dicer (1)
- Dichloromethane (1)
- Diesel (1)
- Diet (1)
- Dietary HDAC inhibitor (1)
- Dietary intake (1)
- Dietary supplements (1)
- Dieulafoy’s lesion (1)
- Differential Thermoanalysis (1)
- Differential expression (1)
- Difficult Airway Management (1)
- Diffuse astrocytoma (1)
- Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (1)
- Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (1)
- Digenic model (1)
- Digestive system (1)
- Digital (1)
- Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) (1)
- Digital hybrid visualization (1)
- Digital mammography (1)
- Digital pathology (1)
- Digital rectal examination (1)
- Digital subtraction angiography (1)
- Digital workshops (1)
- Dilated cardiomyopathy (1)
- Dimer (1)
- Dimers (Chemical physics) (1)
- Dimethyltryptamine (1)
- Dipeptide (1)
- Diphosphonates (1)
- Diphtheria (1)
- Diptera (1)
- Direct Acting Antivirals (DAA) (1)
- Direct acting antiviral therapies (1)
- Direct measurement (1)
- Direct oral anticoagulation (1)
- Direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) (1)
- Direct-acting antivirals (1)
- Disabilities (1)
- Disabling back pain (1)
- Disaster victim identification (1)
- Disc herniation (1)
- Discitis (1)
- Discovery (1)
- Discs large (1)
- Disease burden (1)
- Disease management (1)
- Disease progression (1)
- Disinfection of aircraft (1)
- Dislocations of the knee (1)
- Dissemination (1)
- Dissociative seizures (1)
- Distress (1)
- Distress screening (1)
- Distribution (1)
- Distribution limits (1)
- Dizygotic ectopic (1)
- Dog (1)
- Dogs (1)
- Dome-and-basin structure (1)
- Domestic (1)
- Donor Selection (1)
- Donor screening (1)
- Dorsal root ganglia (1)
- Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (1)
- Dose optimization (1)
- Dot-probe task (1)
- Double balloon enteroscopy (1)
- Double-blind placebo-controlled trial (1)
- Doubling time (1)
- Down's syndrome (1)
- Downgrading (1)
- Doxorubicin (1)
- Dravet (1)
- Droplets (1)
- Drospirenon (1)
- Drug (1)
- Drug Discovery (1)
- Drug Therapy (1)
- Drug addiction (1)
- Drug discovery (1)
- Drug interactions (1)
- Drug permeability (1)
- Drug resistance/synergy (1)
- Drug screens (1)
- Drug susceptibility testing (1)
- Drug targeting (1)
- Drug targets (1)
- Dual energy CT (1)
- Dual therapy (1)
- Dual-Source CT (1)
- Dual-energy computed tomography (1)
- Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy (1)
- Dumon stents (1)
- Duodenal atresia (1)
- Duodenal stenosis (1)
- Duodenum (1)
- Dural onlays (1)
- Dvc1 (1)
- Dysfibrinogenämia (1)
- Dysfunctional social assumptions (1)
- Dysphagia (1)
- D’Amico classification (1)
- E protein structure (1)
- E-Learning (1)
- E-cadherin (1)
- E-cadhérine (1)
- E-health (1)
- E-learning (1)
- E. coli (1)
- E/I-Balance (1)
- E3-Ligases (1)
- EBM (1)
- EBRT (1)
- ECLS (1)
- ECM (1)
- EDB (1)
- EDTA-plasma (1)
- EEG reference choices (1)
- EFP1 (1)
- EGF (1)
- EGFL7 (1)
- EGFP (1)
- EGFR inhibitor (1)
- EGFR pathway (1)
- EGFRvIII mutation (1)
- EGR1-dependent transcription (1)
- EHL concentrates (1)
- EIIIB (1)
- ELISPOT (1)
- ELSID-Diabetes (1)
- EMD 55900 (1)
- EMD 72000 (1)
- EMR1 (1)
- ENIGMA (1)
- EP300 (1)
- EPA (1)
- EQ (1)
- EQ5D5L (1)
- EQA scheme (1)
- EQIP (1)
- ER-phagy (1)
- ERAL1 (1)
- ERBB2 (1)
- ERBB2 (HER2/neu) (1)
- ERK inhibitor (1)
- ERK1/2 signaling (1)
- ERK3/MAPK6 (1)
- ERM (1)
- ERMS (1)
- ERSCongress (1)
- ES (1)
- ES cells (1)
- ESMO-MCBS (1)
- ESR Spectroscopy (1)
- ESR and Infrared Studies (1)
- ET (1)
- ETP-ALL (1)
- ETS (1)
- EWS/Fli1 (1)
- EZ-IO® needle driver (1)
- Early (prenatal and postnatal) life experiences (1)
- Early Rheumatoid Arthritis (1)
- Early diagnosis (1)
- Early goal-directed therapy (1)
- Early intervention (1)
- Early recurrence (1)
- Early setting (1)
- Ebola (1)
- Ebola virus (1)
- Echocardiography (1)
- Echovirus-30 (1)
- Eclampsia (1)
- Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) (1)
- Ecological momentary assessment (1)
- Economic analysis (1)
- Economic benchmarks (1)
- Economic evaluation (1)
- Economic impact (1)
- Economics (1)
- Ectopic bone formation (1)
- Ectopic pregnancy (1)
- Ectopic varices (1)
- Edentulous jaw (1)
- Educación médica (1)
- Efavirenz (1)
- Effective connectivity (1)
- Effective half-life (1)
- Effectivity (1)
- Eicosanoids (1)
- Einreibetechnik (1)
- Elastogenesis (1)
- Elderly patients (1)
- Elderly trauma patient (1)
- Elective caesarean section (1)
- Electric stimulation (1)
- Electrical accident (1)
- Electrical instability (1)
- Electroconvulsive Therapy (1)
- Electroencephalography – EEG (1)
- Electrolytes (1)
- Electron transport chain (1)
- Electronic cigarettes (1)
- Electrotonic analysis (1)
- Elektroencephalographie (1)
- Elimination (1)
- Ellipsoids (1)
- Ellipticine (1)
- Elternurteil (1)
- Embolization (1)
- Embryos (1)
- Emergency (1)
- Emergency medicine (1)
- Emergency room (1)
- Emergency treatment (1)
- Emotion (1)
- Emotion processing (1)
- Emotional intelligence (1)
- Emotional recognition (1)
- Empfehlungen (1)
- Emphysema (1)
- Employment (1)
- Employment effect (1)
- Empty puparia (1)
- Ena/VASP proteins (1)
- Encephalitis Viruses (1)
- End-of-life decisions (1)
- Endocrine cancer (1)
- Endocrine system and metabolic diseases (1)
- Endocrine therapy (1)
- Endogenous retroviruses (ERV) (1)
- Endoluminal (1)
- Endometrial cancer (1)
- Endometrial carcinoma (1)
- Endometriosis (1)
- Endomicroscopy (1)
- Endoplasmic reticulum (1)
- Endorectal (1)
- Endoscopic papillotomy (1)
- Endoscopic retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) (1)
- Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (1)
- Endoscopic sphincterotomy (1)
- Endoscopic treatment (1)
- Endosomes (1)
- Endothelial (1)
- Endothelial cell (EC) (1)
- Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (1)
- Endothelial progenitor cells (1)
- Endothelial protein C receptor (1)
- Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (1)
- Endotoxins (1)
- Endpoints (1)
- Energy (1)
- Energy metabolism (1)
- Energy-efficiency (1)
- England (1)
- Engraftment (1)
- Enteral nutrition (1)
- Enteric nervous system (1)
- Enterobacterales (1)
- Enterostomy (1)
- Enterostomy closure (1)
- Enterostomy formation (1)
- Entfernung (1)
- Entorhinal cortex lesion (1)
- Entrenamiento práctico (1)
- Entzündung (1)
- EnvZ signalling (1)
- Envenomation (1)
- Environmental biotechnology (1)
- Environmental chemistry (1)
- Environmental enrichment (1)
- Environmental impacts (1)
- Environmental sciences (1)
- Enzyme kinetics (1)
- Enzyme mechanisms (1)
- Enzyme regulation (1)
- Eosinophils (1)
- EpCAM positive tumor (1)
- Ephrin-B2–EphB4 (1)
- Epidemiological data (1)
- Epidermolysis bullosa simplex with muscular dystrophy (1)
- Epidural abscess (1)
- Epidural block (1)
- Epilepsiezentren (1)
- Epilepsy center (1)
- Epilepsy centers (1)
- Epileptischer Anfall (1)
- Epithelial cells (1)
- Epithelialization (1)
- Epithelioma Cells (1)
- Epsilon (1)
- Epstein–Barr virus (1)
- Equipment (1)
- Eradication (1)
- ErbB-signaling (1)
- Erythema migrans (1)
- Erythrocytes (1)
- Erythrophagocytosis (1)
- Erythropoiesis (1)
- Esophageal adenocarcinoma (1)
- Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) (1)
- Esophagectomy (1)
- Esophagogastric (1)
- Estimated glomerular filtration rate (1)
- Estradiol (1)
- Estrogen Receptor Modulators (1)
- Ethnicity (1)
- Eukaryotic sRNA (1)
- European Society for Immunodeficiencies (ESID) (1)
- European babesiosis (1)
- European registry for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (eurIPFreg) (1)
- Europäische Integration (1)
- Europäische Union (1)
- Euthanasie (1)
- Euthymic phase (1)
- Evaluation in microsurgery (1)
- Event related potentials (1)
- Event-related potential (1)
- Everolimus resistance (1)
- Evidence based medicine (1)
- Evidence-based (1)
- Evidence-based drug discovery (1)
- Evidence-based guidelines (1)
- Evidenz (1)
- Evidenzbasiert (1)
- Evolutionary biology (1)
- Ewing-like (1)
- Exacerbations (1)
- Examination questions (1)
- Excitability (1)
- Exemestane (1)
- Exercise challenge (1)
- Exercise challenge at an ambient temperature (1)
- Exercise challenge in a cold chamber (1)
- Exercise testing (1)
- Exercise therapy (1)
- Exercise training (1)
- Exercise-induced asthma (1)
- Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (1)
- Exhaled nitric oxide (1)
- Exoscope (1)
- Exosomal cytokines (1)
- Expansion (1)
- Expectation violation (1)
- Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (1)
- Expert Systems (1)
- Expertensysteme (1)
- Experts (1)
- Explicit (1)
- Expression (1)
- Extended Glasgow outcome scale (eGOS) (1)
- Extension study (1)
- External beam radiotherapy (1)
- External-/self-assessment (1)
- Extinction (1)
- Extracellular RNA (1)
- Extracellular RNA (eRNA) (1)
- Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (1)
- Extracorporeal circulation (1)
- Extracorporeal devices (1)
- Extracorporeal life support (1)
- Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (1)
- Extracorporeal purification (1)
- Extraprostatic (1)
- Extreme hypo-fractionation (1)
- Exudates and transudates (1)
- F4/80 (1)
- F508del homozygous (1)
- FAAM (1)
- FABP (1)
- FAIR (1)
- FAK (1)
- FAM134 (1)
- FAM134B (1)
- FAP (1)
- FAPI PET (1)
- FAV00A (1)
- FBK-R23 (1)
- FDG-PET/CT (1)
- FF-ATP synthase dimer (1)
- FFP3 respirator (1)
- FHIR Search (1)
- FIB-4 (1)
- FIH1 (1)
- FLT3 (1)
- FOLFIRI (1)
- FOXO1 (1)
- FOXO3 (1)
- FOXO3a (1)
- FPR (1)
- FREEDOM (1)
- FSME-Virus (1)
- FSS (1)
- FTMT (1)
- FX06 (1)
- FXR (1)
- Face masks (1)
- Facet joint osteoarthritis (1)
- Facial nerve (1)
- Factor H (1)
- Factor analysis (1)
- FactorXIII Val34Leu polymorphism (1)
- Faktor V Leiden Mutation (1)
- Faktor XIII Val34Leu Polymorphismus (1)
- Falciparum (1)
- Fall (1)
- Falls (1)
- Family Physician (1)
- Famines (1)
- Fascia (1)
- Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (1)
- Fast-track (1)
- Fat layer (1)
- Fatty acids (1)
- Fbw7 (1)
- Fc receptor (1)
- Fear conditioning (1)
- Feasibility studies (1)
- Feature tracking (1)
- Feedback loop (1)
- Fehlerberichtssystem (1)
- Feline bartonellosis (1)
- FemNAT-CD (1)
- Female (1)
- Female adolescents (1)
- Female subjects (1)
- Females (1)
- Femoral neck (1)
- Fendrr (1)
- Ferritinophagy (1)
- Ferroptosis (1)
- Fertility counseling (1)
- Fetal bovine serum (1)
- Fetal heart (1)
- Fever (1)
- Fevers (1)
- Fibrinolytic (1)
- Fibroblast (1)
- Fibroblast growth factor (1)
- Fibrotest (1)
- Fibrous dysplasia (1)
- Fibulin-4 (1)
- Fibulin-5 (1)
- Filariasis (1)
- Filariosis (1)
- Filgrastim (1)
- Filler (1)
- Filovirus cell entry; attachment factors redundancy; SH-SY5Y cell line; host–pathogen interactions (1)
- Finevo (1)
- Finite Element Method (1)
- First experience with patients (1)
- First site of metastatic disease (1)
- First-line combination antiretroviral therapy (1)
- First-line regimen (1)
- Five-Konzept (1)
- Flavin mononucleotide (1)
- Fleas (1)
- FlexTouch (1)
- Flexibility (1)
- Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (1)
- Fluid overload (1)
- Fluid therapy (1)
- Fluorescence (1)
- Fluorescence imaging (1)
- Fluorescence-in-situ-hybridization (FISH) (1)
- Fluorescent Probes (1)
- Foam rolling (1)
- Focal Adhesion Kinase (1)
- Focal onset seizure (1)
- Folic acid (1)
- Follicular lymphoma (1)
- Follow-up (1)
- Follow-up treatment (1)
- Follow-ups (1)
- Fondaparinux (1)
- Food and Drug Administration (1)
- Food effects (1)
- Foramen ovale (1)
- Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (1)
- Forensic examination (1)
- Forensic experts (1)
- Forensic pathology (1)
- Forensics (1)
- Forkhead box (1)
- Formation dance (1)
- Foxp1 (1)
- Fracture (1)
- Fracture models (1)
- Fracture risk (1)
- Fracture type (1)
- Frameshift (1)
- Francisella tularensis (1)
- Francisella tularensis subspecies holarctica (1)
- Frankfurt microsurgery course (1)
- Fresh frozen plasma (1)
- Frontobasal (1)
- Frontotemporal dementia (1)
- Fruit fly (1)
- Früherkennung (1)
- Frühgeborenes (1)
- Frühsommermeningoenzephalitis (1)
- Fuctional connectivity (1)
- Fukushima (1)
- Functional ankle instability (1)
- Functional capacity (1)
- Functional mitral regurgitation (1)
- Functional outcome (1)
- Functional outcomes (1)
- Functionally-impaired elderly (1)
- Funding (1)
- FungiScope® registry (1)
- Funktionelle Bildgebung (1)
- Funktionelle NMR-Tomographie (1)
- Fusarium (1)
- Fusion Proteins, BCR-ABL (1)
- G-protein (1)
- G-protein-coupled receptors (1)
- G/P (1)
- G207 (1)
- G3BP (1)
- G3BP1 (1)
- G9a/EHMT2/KMT1C (1)
- GABA (1)
- GABAergic interneurons (1)
- GC–MS (1)
- GD2 (1)
- GDF11 (1)
- GFR (1)
- GHQ-28 (1)
- GIIb/IIIa-receptor (1)
- GLA deficiency (1)
- GLI inhibitors (1)
- GLUT1 (1)
- GM-CSF (1)
- GMP (1)
- GPR4 (1)
- GPVI (1)
- GRADE (1)
- GRAND-SLAM (1)
- GRK2 (1)
- GRX1-roGFP2 (1)
- GSH (1)
- GSK2334470 (1)
- GSK3α (1)
- GSK3β (1)
- GTP cyclohydrolase (1)
- GVHD (1)
- GVL (1)
- Gaba (1)
- Gadopentate dimeglumine (1)
- Gads (1)
- Galaktografie (1)
- Galaktomosynthese (1)
- Gallbladder percutaneous drainage (1)
- Galleria mellonella (1)
- Games (1)
- Gamma-Band Activity (1)
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid (1)
- Ganglionic (1)
- Ganzheitsmedizin (1)
- Gan–Dou–Fu–Mu decoction (GDFMD) (1)
- Gap junctions (1)
- Gas gangrene (1)
- Gastric adenoma (1)
- Gastric motility (1)
- Gastroenterology (1)
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease (1)
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms (1)
- Gastrointestinal cancer (1)
- Gastrointestinal neoplasm (1)
- Gastrointestinal tract (1)
- Gastroschisis (1)
- Gaucher disease type III (1)
- Gaucher’s disease (1)
- Gaussian graphical models (1)
- Gemcitabine (1)
- Gender analysis (1)
- Gender equality (1)
- Gender gap (1)
- Gender reassigning surgery (1)
- Gene (1)
- Gene engineering (1)
- Gene expression prediction (1)
- Gene microarray analysis (1)
- Gene polymorphism (1)
- Gene prediction (1)
- Gene sequencing (1)
- Gene set analysis (1)
- Gene-protein assay (1)
- Gene/Regulation (1)
- GeneMANIA (1)
- General Practitioner (1)
- General clinical cardiology (1)
- General dental practice (1)
- General practice/family medicine (1)
- General practitioner (1)
- Generalized procrustes analysis (1)
- Generation Y (1)
- Generation time (1)
- Generic drugs (1)
- Genetic causes of cancer (1)
- Genetic heart disease (1)
- Genetic loci (1)
- Genetic networks (1)
- Genetic syndromes (1)
- Genetic techniques (1)
- Genetik (1)
- Genfamilie (1)
- Genome annotation (1)
- Genome editing (1)
- Genome-wide association study (1)
- Genomic instability (1)
- Genomic medicine (1)
- Geographical disparities (1)
- Gerinnungsfaktor XIII (1)
- German (1)
- German PID-NET registry (1)
- Geschlecht (1)
- Gestagen-Monopräparate (1)
- Gestational age (1)
- Gestational diabetes (1)
- Gesundheitsamt (1)
- Gesundheitspolitische Zuständigkeit (1)
- Gesundheitswesen (1)
- Gezielte Therapie (1)
- Giant lymph node hyperplasia (1)
- Gimbaled tracking (1)
- Glabella (1)
- Gleason Grade Group (1)
- Gleason Grade group (1)
- Gleason Score (1)
- Gleason grade group (1)
- Gleason upgrading (1)
- Glioblastoma survival (1)
- Glivec® (1)
- Global networking (1)
- Global protein synthesis rates (1)
- Global warming (1)
- Glomerular Filtration Rate (1)
- Glomerular diseases (1)
- Glomerulonephritis (1)
- Glomerulosclerosis (1)
- Glucocorticoids (1)
- Glucose Transporter Type 1 (1)
- Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (1)
- Glycosphingolipids (1)
- Glyoxalase I (1)
- Goal-oriented care (1)
- Gold (1)
- Goserelin (1)
- Gradient boosting (1)
- Grading (1)
- Grado en medicina (1)
- Graft (1)
- Graft function (1)
- Graft quality (1)
- Graft survival (1)
- Gram negative bacteria (1)
- Gram-negative bacteria (1)
- Gram-positive infection (1)
- Granule cell (1)
- Granulocytes (1)
- Graph Machine Learning (1)
- Graph Neural Networks (1)
- Graph theory (1)
- Graphical LASSO (1)
- Grass pollen (1)
- Graves’ disease (1)
- Gravimetric method (1)
- Greater tuberosity fractures (1)
- Greenhouse effect (1)
- Groin pain (1)
- Gross tumor volume optimization (1)
- Growth cone (1)
- Growth factor (1)
- Growth factor signalling (1)
- Großhirnrinde (1)
- Guidance (1)
- Guide profession (1)
- Guided bone regeneration (GBR) (1)
- Guided surgery (1)
- Guided tissue regeneration (1)
- Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) (1)
- Guideline (1)
- Guideline adherence (1)
- Gut (1)
- Gut bacteria (1)
- Gut-liver-axis (1)
- GvHD (1)
- GvL (1)
- Gαq/11 (1)
- H-Index (1)
- H3 receptor (1)
- H5N1 (1)
- HACA (1)
- HADS (1)
- HAEGARDA (1)
- HAI‐1 (1)
- HARS2 (1)
- HBV filaments (1)
- HBV genotypes (1)
- HBV reactivation (1)
- HBV surface protein (1)
- HBsAg (1)
- HCC marker (1)
- HCC recurrence (1)
- HCV treatment (1)
- HDAC and BET inhibitor (1)
- HDAC-inhibition (1)
- HDAC4 (1)
- HDR-brachytherapy (1)
- HEOR (1)
- HER2 c-erbB2 (1)
- HER2-positive (1)
- HER2/neu (ERBB2) (1)
- HES (1)
- HEV (1)
- HFrEF (1)
- HGF (1)
- HH (1)
- HIBCPP cells (1)
- HIF-1α (1)
- HIF-2 (1)
- HIF-2α (1)
- HIF-2α, erythropoietin (1)
- HIF1α (1)
- HIFU (1)
- HILI (1)
- HIPPO signalling (1)
- HIV serodiagnosis (1)
- HIV therapy (1)
- HIV-1 escape restriction (1)
- HIV-RNA (1)
- HLA DQ haplotypes (1)
- HLA antibodies (1)
- HLA class I loss (1)
- HLA class II (1)
- HLA peptidome (1)
- HLHS (1)
- HMA (1)
- HMGB1 (1)
- HNPCC (1)
- HODE (1)
- HOLEP (1)
- HOSO (1)
- HOTAIR (1)
- HPO (1)
- HPV infection (1)
- HPV-positive OPSCC (1)
- HRCT (1)
- HRas (1)
- HSC (1)
- HSP (hereditary spastic paraplegia) (1)
- HSPC (1)
- HSV type specific antibodies (1)
- HSV-2 (1)
- HSV-typenspezifische Antikörper (1)
- HUVEC (1)
- HVPG (1)
- Haematocrit (1)
- Haematologic diseases (1)
- Haematoma expansion (1)
- Haematopoietic stem cells (1)
- Haemodialysis (1)
- Haemodynamic monitoring (1)
- Haemophilia (1)
- Haemophilie A (1)
- Haemostatics (1)
- Halogenobenzimidazoles (1)
- Hand-foot syndrome (1)
- Haploidentical stem cell transplantation (1)
- Haplotypes (1)
- Hard-tissue trauma (1)
- Hard-to-reach population (1)
- Hardware erosion (1)
- Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (1)
- Hawaii Department of Health (1)
- HbA1c (1)
- HeLa cells (1)
- Head and neck Cancer (1)
- Head bandage (1)
- Head injury (1)
- Head neck cancer (1)
- Health Policy (1)
- Health Systems (1)
- Health care access (1)
- Health care resource utilization (1)
- Health care sector (1)
- Health education and awareness (1)
- Health information (1)
- Health literacy (1)
- Health risk analysis (1)
- Health sciences (1)
- Health services research [MeSH] (1)
- Health surveys (1)
- Health technology assessment (1)
- Health-related quality of life (1)
- Health-seeking behaviour (1)
- Healthcare (1)
- Healthcare personnel (1)
- Healthcare resource utilisation (1)
- Healthcare structure (1)
- Healthy Living Index (HLI) (1)
- Healthy men (1)
- Healthy stem cell donors (1)
- Health‐related quality of life (1)
- Heart defects (1)
- Heart rate (1)
- Heart regeneration (1)
- Heartrate (1)
- Heat Shock Protein (HSP) (1)
- Heat dissipation (1)
- Heat pain (1)
- Heat shock protein 27 (1)
- Hebbian plasticity (1)
- Hedgehog (1)
- Hedgehog pathway (1)
- Helpline (1)
- Hemagglutination inhibition assay (1)
- Hematocrit value (1)
- Hematologic adverse events (1)
- Hematoma (1)
- Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) (1)
- Hematopoietic stem cell (1)
- Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (1)
- Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (1)
- Hematopoietic stem cells (1)
- Hematotoxicity (1)
- Hematoxylin staining (1)
- Hemispheric specialization (1)
- Hemobilia (1)
- Hemodialyse (1)
- Hemodilution (1)
- Hemodynamic management (1)
- Hemoglobin (1)
- Hemophilia A (1)
- Hemorrhagic shock (1)
- Hemosiderin (1)
- Hemostasis (1)
- Hemostatics (1)
- HepaRG cells (1)
- Heparan Sulfate (1)
- Heparinsensitivität (1)
- Hepatic encephalopathy (1)
- Hepatic stellate cell (1)
- Hepatitis B (1)
- Hepatitis B infection (1)
- Hepatitis B vaccination (1)
- Hepatitis B virus (1)
- Hepatitis C antibodies (1)
- Hepatitis C antigens (1)
- Hepatitis C, Chronic (1)
- Hepatitis c (1)
- Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (1)
- Herbal medicine (1)
- Herbalife (1)
- Herbalife products (1)
- Herbs (1)
- Herbs induced liver injury (1)
- Herd immunity (1)
- Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (1)
- Hereditary breast cancer (1)
- Hereditary ovarian cancer (1)
- Heregulin (1)
- Hernia recurrence (1)
- Hernia surgery (1)
- Herniated disk (1)
- Herpes Zoster Infektion (1)
- Heterologous prime-boost (1)
- Heterotopic pregnancy (1)
- Hexavalent vaccine (1)
- HhAntag (1)
- HiC (1)
- HiChIP (1)
- Hierarchical drift-diffusion modeling (1)
- Hif-1 alpha (1)
- Hif1α (1)
- Hig1 (1)
- High altitude (1)
- High-dose chemotherapy (1)
- High-income countries (1)
- High-intensity interval endurance training (1)
- High-risk cardiac surgery (1)
- High-risk patient (1)
- High-risk prostate cancer (1)
- High-throughput screening (1)
- Highly infectious diseases (1)
- Highwire (1)
- Himalayas (1)
- Hindu Kush Himalayas (1)
- Hip (1)
- Hip hemiarthroplasty (1)
- Hip revision (1)
- Hippo signaling (1)
- Hippocampal excitability (1)
- Hippocampal volume (1)
- Hirnforschung (1)
- Hirschsprung disease (1)
- Hispanic people (1)
- Hispanic–Latino race/ethnicity (1)
- Histological analysis (1)
- Histone post-translational modifications (1)
- Histoplasma qPCR (1)
- Hmox1 (1)
- Hochansteckende Krankheiten (1)
- Hodgkin’s lymphoma (1)
- Holmium laser enucleation (1)
- Home Care Services [MeSH] (1)
- Homeostatic plasticity (1)
- Homicide (1)
- Homocysteine (1)
- Honolulu Queen’s Medical Center (1)
- Hormonal (1)
- Hormone receptor positive breast cancer (1)
- Horner's syndrome (1)
- Horses (1)
- Hospitalization (1)
- Hospitalizations (1)
- Host-directed therapies (1)
- Host-targeting agents (HTAs) (1)
- House dust mite allergy (1)
- Household contacts (1)
- Hrvaška (1)
- Hsp70 (1)
- Hsp90 inhibitor (1)
- HuR (1)
- Huh7 (1)
- Human (1)
- Human chorionic villi mesenchymal stromal cells (1)
- Human experimental pain models (1)
- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (1)
- Human olfaction (1)
- Human pancreas (1)
- Human physiology (1)
- Human primary proximal tubular cells (1)
- Human prostate (1)
- Human retroelements (1)
- Human visual cortex (1)
- Humans (1)
- Humeral fractures (1)
- Humerus (1)
- Hungary (1)
- Hyaluronan (1)
- Hydrocephalus (1)
- Hydrofluoric acid (1)
- Hydromineral (1)
- Hydroxyapatite (1)
- Hydroxychloroquine (1)
- Hydroxycut (1)
- Hydroxyethyl starch (1)
- Hydroxyurea (1)
- Hymenoptera venom allergy (1)
- Hymenoptera venom immunotherapy (1)
- Hyperactivity (1)
- Hyperammonemic encephalopathy (1)
- Hyperscanning (1)
- Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (1)
- Hypofractionated radiotherapy (1)
- Hyponatremia (1)
- Hypoxia inducible factor (1)
- Hypoxia inducible factor 1 alphal (1)
- Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) (1)
- Hypoxic responses (1)
- Hörrehabilitation (1)
- Hörrinde (1)
- I-FABP (1)
- I-PRF (1)
- IAP (1)
- IAP Proteins (1)
- IAP-IAP (1)
- ICAM-1 (1)
- ICG (1)
- ICH M13A draft guideline (1)
- ICL (1)
- ICL V4c (1)
- IDH1 inhibitor (1)
- IDO1 (1)
- IFA (1)
- IFN (1)
- IFN-β (1)
- IFN-γ expression (1)
- IFT (1)
- IGF (1)
- IGF-1 (1)
- IGF1 (1)
- IGRA (1)
- IKKε (1)
- IKZF1 (1)
- IL -17 (1)
- IL -23 (1)
- IL 23p19 knockout mouse (1)
- IL-11 (1)
- IL-13 (1)
- IL-15 (1)
- IL-17 (1)
- IL-17A (1)
- IL-18 binding protein (1)
- IL-18BP (1)
- IL-1b (1)
- IL-21 (1)
- IL-22 (1)
- IL-23 (1)
- IL-27 cytokine (1)
- IL-38 (1)
- IL10R (1)
- ILUVIEN (1)
- IMiD® (1)
- INR (1)
- IPEX (1)
- IPS e.max system (1)
- IPSS (1)
- IR (1)
- IRES translation (1)
- IRF-3 (1)
- ISS (1)
- ITGA7 (1)
- IUIS classification 2017 (1)
- IV iron (1)
- IVA interference tandem mass spectrometry (1)
- IVD degeneration (IVDD) (1)
- IVDU (1)
- IVUS (1)
- Iceland (1)
- Idarucizumab (1)
- Idelalisib (1)
- Identifier (1)
- Identifikation (1)
- Identifizierung von Katastrophenopfern (1)
- Identity (1)
- Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) (1)
- IgA deficiency (1)
- IgE (1)
- IgG (1)
- IgG substitution therapy (1)
- IgG4-related disease (1)
- IgGAM (1)
- Ileostomy (1)
- Ileus (1)
- Illumina (1)
- Image processing (computer-assisted) (1)
- Imagery (1)
- Imaging (1)
- Imaging genetics (1)
- Imaging in LGG (1)
- Imaging, three-dimensional (1)
- Imatinib mesilat (1)
- Imdevimab (1)
- Immediate loading (1)
- Immediate placement (1)
- Immobilization (1)
- Immunbiology (1)
- Immune Response (1)
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors (1)
- Immune complex vasculitis (1)
- Immune paralysis (1)
- Immune receptor signaling (1)
- Immune response (1)
- Immune status (1)
- Immunität (Medizin) (1)
- Immunität <Medizin> (1)
- Immunoassay (1)
- Immunoassays (1)
- Immunocompromised (1)
- Immunodeficiency (1)
- Immunogenetics (1)
- Immunoglobulin Therapy (1)
- Immunoglobulins (1)
- Immunohistochemistry techniques (1)
- Immunological techniques (1)
- Immunology and Microbiology Section (1)
- Immunomodulatory agents (1)
- Immunomonitoring (1)
- Immunophenotyping (1)
- Immunosenescence (1)
- Immunostaining (1)
- Immunosuppressive Agents (1)
- Immunosuppressive agents (1)
- Immunosuppressive therapy (1)
- Immuno‑histochemistry (1)
- Impella (1)
- Impfraten (1)
- Impfstoff (1)
- Impfung (1)
- Implant osseointegration (1)
- Implant-supported bars (1)
- Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (1)
- Implementación (1)
- Implicit (1)
- Implicit Processing (1)
- Implicit Association Test (1)
- Implicit motives (1)
- Impoverishment (1)
- Impulse control (1)
- Impulse generator (1)
- Imrt (1)
- In vivo electrophysiology (1)
- In-Hospital Emergencies (1)
- In-TIPS thrombosis (1)
- In-hospital cardiac arrest (1)
- In-line filtration (1)
- In-vivo (1)
- Inactivation (1)
- IncL (1)
- IncX (1)
- Incident reporting system (1)
- Incidental prostate cancer (1)
- Incomplete colonoscopy (1)
- Incontinence (1)
- Independent component analysis (1)
- Independent laboratories (1)
- Indeterminate biliary stricture (1)
- Index (1)
- Indication (1)
- Indication for fertility preservation (1)
- Indirect treatment comparison (ITC) (1)
- Individual differences (1)
- Individualized intervention (1)
- Individualized therapy (1)
- Indocyanine green (1)
- Indoor air pollution (1)
- Induced membrane technique (1)
- Induced pluripotent stem cells (1)
- Induced sputum (1)
- Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) (1)
- Induction therapy (1)
- Inequality (1)
- Infant (1)
- Infant leukemia (1)
- Infants (1)
- Infarction (1)
- Infectious disease (1)
- Infectious disease epidemiology (1)
- Inferior vena cava thrombus (1)
- Inflammasome (1)
- Inflammatory fibroid polyp (1)
- Inflammatory pattern (1)
- Infliximab (1)
- Inflow obstruction (1)
- Influenza vaccination (1)
- Information transfer (1)
- Infrared Raman (1)
- Infusion management (1)
- Inguinal hernia (1)
- Inguinal pain (1)
- Inherited arrhythmic syndrome (1)
- Injury Severity Score (ISS) (1)
- Inner ear therapy (1)
- Inpatient hospital cases (1)
- Inpatients (1)
- Inside-out Signaling (1)
- Insula (1)
- Insulin resistance (1)
- Insulin secretion (1)
- Insulin therapy (1)
- Integrated Pulmonary Index (1)
- Integrated multimodal training (1)
- Integrative Network Analysis (1)
- Integrins (1)
- Intelligence (1)
- Intelligence tests (1)
- Intensive care outcome (1)
- Intensive care unit (1)
- Intention attribution (1)
- Inter-study reproducibility (1)
- Interaction (1)
- Interdisciplinarity (1)
- Interferon-free HCV treatment (1)
- Interferon-α (1)
- Interferon-λ, (1)
- Interferons (1)
- Interleukin-10 (1)
- Interleukin-17A (1)
- Interleukin-18 (1)
- Interleukin-18 binding protein (1)
- Interleukin-22 binding protein (1)
- Interleukin-36 (1)
- Intermediate filaments (1)
- Intermediate-risk (1)
- International body passport (1)
- International normalized ratio (1)
- Internationaler Vergleich (1)
- Internet citation (1)
- Internet-based therapy (1)
- Interoperability (1)
- Interposition (1)
- Interpretation Bias (1)
- Intersectoral care (1)
- Interspecific competition (1)
- Interstitial lung diseases (ILD) (1)
- Interstitial pneumonia (1)
- Intervention (1)
- Intervention development (1)
- Interventional Trials (1)
- Interventional cardiology (1)
- Interventional oncological treatment (1)
- Intervertebral disc degeneration (1)
- Intervertebral disc displacement (1)
- Interview (1)
- Interviews (1)
- Intestinal failure-associated liver disease (1)
- Intestinal fistula (1)
- Intestinal metaplasia (1)
- Intestinal neoplasms (1)
- Intimal-medial thickness (1)
- Intolerance (1)
- Intra-abdominal infection (1)
- Intracellular pathogens (1)
- Intracerebral haemorrhage (1)
- Intracranial embolism (1)
- Intracranial haemorrhage (1)
- Intracranial hemorrhage (1)
- Intragastric balloon (1)
- Intraoperative blood salvage (1)
- Intraoperative procedure (1)
- Intraoperative test (1)
- Intraoral scanners (1)
- Intraosseous access (1)
- Intratumoral (1)
- Intratympanic drug delivery (1)
- Intravenous Drug User (1)
- Intravenous antibiotic therapy (1)
- Intravenous injections (1)
- Intravenous iron (1)
- Intrinsic Disorder (1)
- Intrinsic resistance (1)
- Intubation (1)
- Invasive candidiasis (1)
- Invasive fungal infection (1)
- Invasive fungal infections (1)
- Ionization State (1)
- Ipilimumab (1)
- Ireb2 (1)
- Ireland (1)
- Iron Overload (1)
- Iron chelation (1)
- Irregular vaccination (1)
- Ischemia-reperfusion injury (1)
- Ischemia–reperfusion injury (1)
- Isocitrate dehydrogenase (1)
- Isoflurane (1)
- Isoforms (1)
- Isoproterenol (1)
- Isothermal amplification (1)
- Isotope labeling (1)
- Issue 96 (1)
- Italy (1)
- Itpr1 (1)
- Ivor Lewis esophagectomy (1)
- Ixodes (1)
- JAK inhibition (1)
- JAK2V617F (1)
- JNK (1)
- JNK3 (1)
- Jak2(V617F) (1)
- Jaw surgery (1)
- JawsII (1)
- Joint actions (1)
- Joint destruction (1)
- Joubert syndrome (1)
- Jumping (1)
- Jurkat (1)
- Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (1)
- K-homology RNA-binding domain (1)
- K3EDTA plasma sampling (1)
- KAP (1)
- KCCQ (1)
- KCGS (1)
- KCNJ2 mutation (1)
- KCNQ1 (1)
- KCNQ4 (1)
- KDIGO (1)
- KIF (1)
- KIF11 (1)
- KIR (1)
- KLHL11 (1)
- KLK5 (1)
- KOOS IV (1)
- KPS (1)
- KRAS (1)
- Kaisidis plate (1)
- Kallikrein inhibitor (1)
- Kappa (1)
- Karyotypes (1)
- Katherine (1)
- Kava (1)
- Kava hepatotoxicity (1)
- Keap1-Nrf2 (1)
- Keratinocytes (1)
- Ketogenic Diet (1)
- Ki-67/MIB1 (1)
- Ki67 transgenic c‐myc/TGFα mice (1)
- Kidney Transplantation (1)
- Kidney disease (1)
- Kidney diseases (1)
- Kidney neoplasm (1)
- Kidney transplant recipients (1)
- Kidneys (1)
- Kim-1 (1)
- Kinases (1)
- Kinder (1)
- Kindes- und Jugendalter (1)
- Kindheit (1)
- Kinematic posture analysis (1)
- Kinematics (1)
- Kinetochore (1)
- Knee joint (1)
- Knee joint sound (1)
- Knee osteoarthritis (1)
- Knee surgery (1)
- Knockout (1)
- Kolorektales Karzinom (1)
- Kongress <Wandlitz, 1997> (1)
- Kontrazeption (1)
- Krait (1)
- Krankenversicherung (1)
- Krankheit (1)
- Krebsforschung (1)
- Kupffer cells (1)
- Kurzzeitgedächtnis (1)
- Kutner, Luis (1)
- Kynurenine (1)
- Körpermodifizierung (1)
- L1 cell-adhesion molecule (L1-CAM) (1)
- L1-norm SVM (1)
- LABAs (1)
- LAMP3 (1)
- LAMTOR1 (1)
- LAMTOR2 (1)
- LARS2 (1)
- LASS (1)
- LAT (1)
- LC-MS-Based Clinical Research (1)
- LC-MS-based lipid mediator analysis (1)
- LC-NE system (1)
- LC3 I/II (1)
- LC3B (1)
- LCD-Array (1)
- LCH (1)
- LC–MS/MS (1)
- LDHB (1)
- LDL (1)
- LDL-cholesterol (1)
- LEOSS (1)
- LFA-1 (1)
- LFP (1)
- LHRH receptor (1)
- LIR interaction, (1)
- LIVIN (1)
- LM11A 31 (1)
- LN229 (1)
- LNS (1)
- LOS (1)
- LPP (1)
- LQTS (1)
- LRBA (1)
- LSD1 (1)
- LSEC (1)
- LTB4 (1)
- LTBI (1)
- LUBAC (1)
- LUT (1)
- Label-free (1)
- Laboratory techniques and procedures (1)
- Laborpersonal (1)
- Lack of immunity (1)
- Lactate Dehydrogenase (1)
- Lactation (1)
- Lactic acidosis (1)
- Lactobacillus (1)
- Lafora disease (1)
- Laminin (1)
- Lamivudine (1)
- LanCL2 (1)
- Landmark (1)
- Language delay (1)
- Laparoscopic fundoplication (1)
- Laparostomy (1)
- Laparotomy. Joel-Cohen (1)
- Large vessel occlusion (1)
- Laryngeal Tube (1)
- Laser interstitial thermal therapy (1)
- Laser navigation system (1)
- Lasers (1)
- Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE) (1)
- Late gadolinium enhancement (1)
- Late presentation (1)
- Latent transforming growth factor β-binding protein 4 (1)
- Lateral flow antigen testing (1)
- Lateral flow immunoassay (1)
- Lateral recess stenosis (1)
- Laterality (1)
- Le carcinome épidermoïde oral (1)
- Leadership (1)
- Learning algorithms (1)
- Learning outcomes (1)
- Lebensbedingungen (1)
- Leber congenital amaurosis (1)
- Lectin affinity plasmapheresis (1)
- Lecture (1)
- Lee type, functional outcome (1)
- Lee-type (1)
- Leflunomide (1)
- Left Ventricular Mass (1)
- Left ventricular assist device (1)
- Left ventricular function (1)
- Left ventricular mass (1)
- Left ventricular non-compaction, (1)
- Leg alignment (1)
- Legal medicine (1)
- Legionella pneumophila (1)
- Leigh syndrome (1)
- Leishmaniasis (1)
- Lemperle (1)
- Lenalidomide (1)
- Length of stay (1)
- Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (1)
- Lentiviral vectors (1)
- Les macrophages associés aux tumeurs (1)
- Lesion (1)
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive (1)
- Leukocyte depletion filter (1)
- Leukocyte elastase (1)
- Leukocytes (1)
- Leukodystrophy (1)
- Leukotriene (1)
- Lice (1)
- Lifestyle (1)
- Ligand post-insertion (1)
- Light sheet fluorescence microscopy (1)
- Lineage (1)
- Lineage tracing (1)
- Linkage (1)
- Lipedema (1)
- Lipid Transition Temperature (1)
- Lipid metabolism (1)
- Lipid peroxidation (1)
- Lipid signaling (1)
- Lipid solution (1)
- Lipid trafficking (1)
- Lipidol (1)
- Lipiodol (1)
- Lipodystrophy (1)
- Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (1)
- Liposuction (1)
- Liquid filled MicroLion ion chamber array (1)
- Liquor cerebrospinalis (1)
- Lithium (1)
- Liver Fibrosis (1)
- Liver biopsy (1)
- Liver enzymes (1)
- Liver histology (1)
- Liver metastases (1)
- Liver resection (1)
- Liver transplant (1)
- Liver-Related Complications (1)
- Liver-related complications (1)
- LiverTox (1)
- LncRNA - long noncoding RNA (1)
- Loa loa (1)
- Local IgE (1)
- Local allergic rhinitis (1)
- Local control (1)
- Local field potential (1)
- Localized prostate cancer (1)
- Locally advanced (1)
- Lockdown (1)
- Loco-regional control (1)
- Locomotor circuit (1)
- Lokalrezidiv (1)
- Lomentospora prolificans (1)
- Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINE) (1)
- Long non-coding RNA (1)
- Long noncoding RNA (1)
- Long term output (1)
- Long term result (1)
- Long-COVID (1)
- Long-term (1)
- Long-term care (1)
- Long-term continence (1)
- Long-term follow up (1)
- Long-term follow-up (1)
- Long-term results (1)
- Long-term-measurements (1)
- Longchain polyunsaturated fatty acids (1)
- Longitudinal analysis (1)
- Low birth weight infant (1)
- Low grade glioma (1)
- Low volume prep (1)
- Low-dose X-irradiation (1)
- Low-dose ionizing radiation (1)
- Low-dose radiation therapy (1)
- Low-grade glioma (1)
- Lower back pain (1)
- Lpar2 (1)
- Ltbp-4 (1)
- Ltbp-4L (1)
- Ltbp-4S (1)
- Ltbp4 (1)
- Lucigenin (1)
- Luftverkehr (1)
- Lumbar spinal canal stenosis (1)
- Lumbar stenosis (1)
- Lumican (1)
- Lung (1)
- Lung Cancer (1)
- Lung adenocarcinoma (1)
- Lung development (1)
- Lung function (1)
- Lung neoplasms (1)
- Lung ultrasound (1)
- Lyme Borreliosis (1)
- Lyme Disease (1)
- Lyme disease - Borreliosis (1)
- Lyme-Borreliose (1)
- Lymph node (1)
- Lymphadenopathy (1)
- Lymphangiectasia (1)
- Lymphangiogenesis (1)
- Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (1)
- Lymphedema (1)
- Lymphocyte (1)
- Lymphocyte subpopulations (1)
- Lymphoepithelioma (1)
- Lymphoid Neoplasia (1)
- Lymphoid tissues (1)
- Lymphom (1)
- Lymphoma Cells (1)
- Lymphomas (1)
- Lymphopenia Mortality (1)
- Lysosomal storage disease (1)
- M. Intracellulare (1)
- M. avium (1)
- M. avium complex (1)
- M. chimaera (1)
- M2-PK (1)
- MACE (1)
- MAGGIC score (1)
- MAIT cell (1)
- MAP Kinases (MAPKs) (1)
- MAP kinase (1)
- MCP (1)
- MCP-1 (1)
- MDD (1)
- MDM2 (1)
- MDR1 (1)
- MEDIC (1)
- MEIS (1)
- MEIS homeodomain protein (1)
- MEIS2 (1)
- MEK inhibitor (1)
- MELD (1)
- MEN1 (1)
- MET (1)
- MGMT (1)
- MGMT promoter (1)
- MID task (1)
- MK-0457 (1)
- MKP1 (1)
- ML-IAP (1)
- MLC tracking (1)
- MLL-rearranged leukemia (1)
- MLN8237 (1)
- MLV (1)
- MM-121 (1)
- MMF (1)
- MMP14 (1)
- MMP2 (1)
- MMPs (1)
- MN1 (1)
- MOLLI (1)
- MPA (1)
- MPM (1)
- MPN (1)
- MPN-U (1)
- MR-based histology (1)
- MR-proADM (1)
- MR-spectroscopy (1)
- MRI patterns of gliomas (1)
- MRI-negative epilepsy (1)
- MRP4 (1)
- MRT (1)
- MS (1)
- MSC-subsets (1)
- MSM (1)
- MT: Non-coding RNAs (1)
- MTCL (1)
- MTHFR-Mutation (1)
- MTHFR-mutation (1)
- MTOR inhibitor (1)
- MTRNR1 (1)
- MTRasym (1)
- MTT (1)
- MUTARS® RS Cup System (1)
- MUTARS® RS cup system (1)
- MVPA (1)
- MYCBP2 (1)
- MYCN amplification (1)
- Machine Learning (1)
- Machine learning algorithms (1)
- Machine teaching (1)
- Macrophage (1)
- Macrophage Transdifferentiation (1)
- Macular neovascularization (1)
- Magnet dislocation (1)
- Magnetencephalography (1)
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (1)
- Magnetoencephalographie (1)
- Magnetoencephalography (1)
- Maintenance therapy (1)
- Maintenance treatment (1)
- Major Depressive Disorder (1)
- Major bleeding (1)
- Major infection after cardiac surgery (1)
- Makrophage (1)
- Makrophagen (1)
- Malariae (1)
- Malate Dehydrogenases (1)
- Male (1)
- Male Population (1)
- Malignancy (1)
- Malignant meningioma (1)
- Malnutrition (1)
- Mamma (1)
- MammaPrint (1)
- Mammalian target of rapamycin (1)
- Mammaplasty (1)
- Mammary gland (1)
- Management (1)
- Manatee invariant (1)
- Manchester scar scale (1)
- Mandatory Vaccinations (1)
- Mandible (1)
- Mania (1)
- Manner of death (1)
- Manufacturing (1)
- Maple bark disease (1)
- Maple bark strippers’ lung (1)
- Mapping (1)
- Marginal grafts (1)
- Marginal integrity (1)
- Marker genes (1)
- Markov model (1)
- Masking effect (1)
- Mass disaster (1)
- Massenkatastrophe (1)
- Massive Online Open Course (1)
- Mastectomy (1)
- Mastoiditis (1)
- Matching-adjusted indirect comparison (MAIC) (1)
- Materials science (1)
- Maternal morbidity (1)
- Maternal separation (1)
- Mathematical biosciences (1)
- Mathematical functions (1)
- Mathematical methods (1)
- Mathematical model (1)
- Mathematical models (1)
- Maxillofacial reconstruction (1)
- Maxillofacial surgery (1)
- Maxillofacial trauma (1)
- Mcl-1 (1)
- MdM2 (1)
- Mean erythrocyte volume (1)
- Measles (1)
- Measurement equipment (1)
- Mechanical ankle instability (1)
- Mechanical ventilation (1)
- Meckel’s diverticulum (1)
- Median nerve (1)
- Medical (1)
- Medical Oncology (1)
- Medical communication (1)
- Medical ethics (1)
- Medical history (1)
- Medical hypoxia (1)
- Medical imaging (1)
- Medical implants (1)
- Medical management (1)
- Medical school (1)
- Medical staff (1)
- Medical student (1)
- Medical study (1)
- Medical traineeship (1)
- Medication changes (1)
- Medicine and health sciences (1)
- Meersseman test (1)
- Membrane Attack Complex (1)
- Membrane Trafficking (1)
- Membrane assays (1)
- Membrane staining (1)
- Membrane-Phloretin Interaction (1)
- Mena/VASP (1)
- Meningioma (1)
- Mental disorder (1)
- Mental health disorders (1)
- Mental health problems (1)
- Mental health therapies (1)
- Menthol (1)
- Mesangial cells (1)
- Mesenchymal stem cell (1)
- Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (1)
- Mesenchymal stromal cells (1)
- Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) (1)
- Mesh repair (1)
- Metaanalysis (1)
- Metabolic dysfunction (1)
- Metabolic labeling (1)
- Metabolic models (1)
- Metabolic vulnerabilities (1)
- Metabolism, Inborn Errors (1)
- Metabolomic profile (1)
- Metacognition (1)
- Metal clip (1)
- Metalloproteases (1)
- Metalloproteinases (1)
- Metastasis-directed therapy (1)
- Metastatic renal cell carcinoma (1)
- Metastatic tumors (1)
- Metformin (1)
- Methacholine challenge test (1)
- Methanol (1)
- Methicillin resistance (1)
- Methionine (1)
- Method validation (1)
- Methods (1)
- Methotrexate (1)
- Methylation (1)
- Methylmercury Containing Inactivator (1)
- Methylphenidate (1)
- Mgm1p (1)
- MiR-29 (1)
- MiSpEx Network (1)
- MiSpEx-network (1)
- Mice (1)
- Michael acceptor (1)
- Micro RNAs (1)
- Micro computed tomography (1)
- Micro-CT (1)
- MicroRNA-181a (1)
- MicroRNAs (miRNAs) (1)
- Microalgae (1)
- Microarray (1)
- Microbial mutation (1)
- Microbiology and Infectious Disease (1)
- Microbiology, Virology & Host Pathogen Interaction (1)
- Microenvironment (1)
- Microfilaremia (1)
- Microfluidics (1)
- Microgap (1)
- Microglial cells (1)
- Micrognathia (1)
- Microparticles (1)
- Microphones (1)
- Microphysiological models (1)
- Microplastic (1)
- Microsatellite instability (1)
- Microstates (1)
- Microstructural impairment (1)
- Microtubule (1)
- Mid-intestinal bleeding (1)
- Midbrain/brainstem expression changes (1)
- Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (1)
- Midkine (1)
- Midline laparotomy (1)
- Midwifery (1)
- Migrant health (1)
- Mild chronic inflammation (1)
- Mild cognitive impairment (1)
- Mild hypoxia (1)
- Mineralization (1)
- Mini-monovision (1)
- Minimal core of imaging (1)
- Minimal invasive (1)
- Minimal invasive dentistry (1)
- Minimally invasive surgical procedures (1)
- Minimally invasive transforaminal interbody fusion (1)
- Mislocalised proteins (1)
- Mitochondrial Apoptosis (1)
- Mitochondrial Metabolism (1)
- Mitochondrial Permeability Transition (1)
- Mitochondrial Transport (1)
- Mitochondrial amino acid tRNA synthetases (1)
- Mitochondrial disease (1)
- Mitochondrial disorder (1)
- Mitochondrial function (1)
- Mitochondrial proteins (1)
- Mitochondrial respiration (1)
- Mitochondrial shuttles (1)
- Mitomycin C (1)
- Mitoxantrone (1)
- Mixed Lipid Phases (1)
- Mixed hearing loss (1)
- Mmp12 (1)
- Model Organism (1)
- Model organisms (1)
- Moderating factors (1)
- Modified FDI criteria (1)
- Molar tooth sign (1)
- Mole-rat (1)
- Molecular Biology (1)
- Molecular Chaperone (1)
- Molecular diagnosis (1)
- Molecular diagnostic testing (1)
- Molecular diagnostics (1)
- Molecular genetics (1)
- Molecular glue (1)
- Molecular imaging (1)
- Molecular marker (1)
- Molecular matched therapy (1)
- Molecular mimicry (1)
- Molecular signatures (1)
- Molecular subtype (1)
- Molecular therapy (1)
- Molecularly targeted therapy (1)
- Monacolin K (1)
- Monetary incentive delay (1)
- Mongolian spot (1)
- Monoacylglycerol lipase (1)
- Monoclonal antibodies (1)
- Monoclonal antibody (mAb) (1)
- Monocyte gene expression (1)
- Monocytes and macrophages (1)
- Monolithic crown (1)
- Monosaccharide Transport Proteins (1)
- Monte Carlo method (1)
- Monte Carlo simulation (1)
- Mood (1)
- Morphological modeling (1)
- Morphologie (1)
- Mosquito (1)
- Mosquito crop (1)
- Mosquito-plant interaction (1)
- Motility (1)
- Motility disorder (1)
- Motivating factor (1)
- Motivation (1)
- Motor neuron disease (1)
- Motor skills (1)
- Motor-cognitive (1)
- Mouse model (1)
- Moviprep (1)
- Mu-opioid receptor (1)
- Mucomaix® matrix (1)
- Mucopolysaccharidoses (1)
- Multi-Omics (1)
- Multi-center (1)
- Multi-modal feedback (1)
- Multi-motive grid (1)
- Multi-nucleated cardiomyocytes (1)
- Multi-resistant pathogens (1)
- Multi-stakeholder approach (1)
- Multi-syndrome classification (1)
- Multidetector Computed Tomography (1)
- Multidisciplinary management (1)
- Multidrug-resistance (1)
- Multidrug-resistant bacteria (1)
- Multidrug-resistant organisms (1)
- Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (1)
- Multilevel two-part modelling (1)
- Multiligament instability (1)
- Multimedication (1)
- Multimodal Modeling (1)
- Multimodal imaging (1)
- Multimorbid patients (1)
- Multinomial logistic regression (1)
- Multinucleated giant cells (1)
- Multiomics (1)
- Multiparametric MRI (1)
- Multiplate (1)
- Multiple Sclerosis (1)
- Multiple Transport Systems (1)
- Multiple myeloma (1)
- Multiple trauma (1)
- Multiple-indication review (1)
- Multiplex immunoassay (1)
- Multisensory (1)
- Multiset independent component analysis (1)
- Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (1)
- Muscle (1)
- Muscle analysis (1)
- Muscle atrophy (1)
- Muscle damage (1)
- Muscle pain (1)
- Muscle tissue (1)
- Muscular diseases (1)
- Musculoskeletal (1)
- Musculoskeletal abnormalities (1)
- Musculoskeletal diseases (1)
- Musculoskeletal mechanics (1)
- Musculoskeletal problems (1)
- Musculoskeletal ultrasound (1)
- Music (1)
- Music chair concepts (1)
- Musical rhythm (1)
- Musician (1)
- Musician-specific seating position (1)
- Mutation databases (1)
- Mycobacteria (1)
- Mycobacterium avium complex (1)
- Mycoses (1)
- Myelin or myeloarchitecture (1)
- Myelodysplastic syndrome (1)
- Myelofibrosis (1)
- Myeloperoxidase (1)
- Myeloproliferative disease (1)
- Myiasis (1)
- Myocardial infarction (MI) (1)
- Myocardial injury (1)
- Myocardial remodeling (1)
- Myocardial revascularization (1)
- Myocardial segmentation (1)
- Myonecrosis (1)
- Myopia (1)
- Myotonic dystrophy (1)
- Mφs (1)
- N-Acetylaspartate (1)
- N-acetyl-L-cysteine (1)
- N-acetylcysteine (1)
- N-cadherin (1)
- N-cadhérine (1)
- N-glycosylation (1)
- N-hydroxysuccinimide (1)
- N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (1)
- N-myc (1)
- N2 (1)
- N471D strumpellin knock-in mice (1)
- N501Y (1)
- NAD + Analogues (1)
- NAD+-Analogs (1)
- NADP+ Analogues (1)
- NADPH oxidase 4 (1)
- NAD⊕-Isomer (1)
- NAFL (1)
- NCAM (1)
- NCH93 (1)
- NCOA4 (1)
- NDBI (1)
- NDNF interneurons (1)
- NDR1 (1)
- NDUFA6 (1)
- NDUFAF8 (1)
- NEAT1 (1)
- NEAT2 (1)
- NET (1)
- NETs (1)
- NF-kB (1)
- NF-ĸB (1)
- NF-кB (1)
- NFAT (1)
- NFkB (1)
- NGS (1)
- NGS sequencing (1)
- NHE (1)
- NHEJ (1)
- NIS (1)
- NK Receptor (1)
- NK cell subset (1)
- NK cell subsets (1)
- NK receptors (1)
- NKG2A blocking (1)
- NKT cell (1)
- NLPHL (1)
- NLRP3 inflammasomes (1)
- NMDA IgA/IgM antibodies (1)
- NMDA antibody (1)
- NMDAR subunit GluN2B (1)
- NMO-IgG (1)
- NOD2 (1)
- NOS-I (1)
- NOS1AP (1)
- NOXA (1)
- NPC disease (1)
- NPH insulin (1)
- NPSR1 (1)
- NR4A2 (1)
- NR4A3 (1)
- NRAS (1)
- NS1608 (1)
- NS3 protease inhibitor (1)
- NS3-4A protease inhibitor (1)
- NS3/4A protease inhibitors (PI) (1)
- NS5A inhibitors (1)
- NS5B polymerase inhibitor (1)
- NSAIDs (1)
- NSBB (1)
- NSC350625 (1)
- NSE (1)
- NSF (1)
- NSG mice (1)
- NSTEMI (1)
- NTDs (1)
- NTM (1)
- NURF (1)
- NVBP (1)
- NXF1 (1)
- Nachsorge (1)
- Nachweisverfahren (1)
- Nadelstichverletzungen (1)
- NanoBone (1)
- Nanocrystalline (1)
- Nanoparticles (1)
- Nanoplastic (1)
- Nanopore (1)
- National catalogue of competence-based learning objectives in dentistry (1)
- Native T1 (1)
- Native T1 mapping (1)
- Natriuretic peptide (1)
- Natural Killer (NK) Cell (1)
- Natural killer cells (1)
- Nav channel activity (1)
- Nav1.7 (1)
- Necroptosis (1)
- Necrosis (1)
- Necrosis (Necrotic Death) (1)
- Necrotic area (1)
- Necrotizing fasciitis (1)
- Needs Assessment [MeSH] (1)
- Needs assessment [MeSH] (1)
- Negative appendectomy rate (1)
- Negative staining (1)
- Neglected tropical diseases (1)
- Negligence (1)
- Nek1 (1)
- Neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (1)
- Neoadjuvant systemic therapy (1)
- Neoadjuvant therapy (1)
- Neoadjuvant treatment (1)
- Neonatal (1)
- Neonatal brain damage (1)
- Neonatal intensive care unit (1)
- Neonatal morbidity (1)
- Neonatal outcome (1)
- Neonatal surgery outcome (1)
- Neonatal urea cycle disorders (1)
- Neosexualitäten (1)
- Nephrons (1)
- Nerves (1)
- Nervous system diseases (1)
- Nesplora Aquarium (1)
- Network Neuroscience (1)
- Network analysis (1)
- Network model (1)
- Neugeborenes (1)
- Neural coding (1)
- Neural function (1)
- Neural goal function (1)
- Neural networks (1)
- Neuro-ophthalmology (1)
- NeuroSAFE (1)
- Neurobiology of disease and regeneration (1)
- Neuroblastoma (1)
- Neurochemistry (1)
- Neurodegenerative diseases (1)
- Neurodegenerative syndromes (1)
- Neurodevelopment (1)
- Neurodevelopmental disorder (1)
- Neurodevelopmental disorders (1)
- Neuroendocrine cancer (1)
- Neuroendocrine tumor (1)
- Neuroepithelial (1)
- Neuroepithelial tumor (1)
- Neurofeedback (1)
- Neurofilament light chain (1)
- Neurogenesis (1)
- Neuroligins (1)
- Neuromuscular exercise (1)
- Neuromyelitis optica (1)
- Neuronal dendrites (1)
- Neuronal homeostasis (1)
- Neuronal networks (1)
- Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (1)
- Neuronal plasticity (1)
- Neurooncology (1)
- Neuropathic pain (1)
- Neurophysiologie (1)
- Neurophysiology (1)
- Neuropilin (1)
- Neuropsychiatric disorders (1)
- Neuropsychological testing (1)
- Neuropsychologie (1)
- Neuropsychology (1)
- Neurosurgery (1)
- Neurovascular damage (1)
- Neurovascular lesion (1)
- Neutrophils (1)
- Nevus of Ito (1)
- Nevus of Ota (1)
- New Developments (1)
- New E3-ligase ligands (1)
- Next generation sequencing (1)
- NfL (1)
- Nfe2l2 (1)
- Niche (1)
- Niche differentiation (1)
- Nicolaides-Baraitser syndrome (1)
- Nimotuzumab (1)
- Nkx2-5 (1)
- Nociception (1)
- Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (1)
- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (1)
- Non-RCT (1)
- Non-abusive head trauma (NAHT) (1)
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (1)
- Non-allergic-rhinitis (1)
- Non-aneurysmal (1)
- Non-apoptotic functions (1)
- Non-clear cell renal cell cancer (1)
- Non-coding RNAs (1)
- Non-cylindrical folds (1)
- Non-diffractive EDOF-IOL (1)
- Non-expert MRI (1)
- Non-falciparum (1)
- Non-invasive brain stimulation (1)
- Non-neuronal cholinergic system (1)
- Non-nucleoside polymerase inhibitors (NNI) (1)
- Non-operative (1)
- Non-perimesencephalic (1)
- Non-responder (1)
- Non-small-cell lung cancer (1)
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (1)
- Non-trauma (1)
- Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (1)
- Non-urothelial (1)
- Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (1)
- Nonaerosolizing treatment (1)
- Noncoding RNA (1)
- Noninferiority (1)
- Nonoperative management (1)
- Nonpenetrating (1)
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (1)
- Nontuberculous mycobacteria (1)
- Nonunion (1)
- Non–small-cell lung cancer (1)
- Noradrenergic (1)
- Nordic questionnaire (1)
- Norepinephrine (1)
- Normative modeling (1)
- Notch (1)
- Notch signaling (1)
- Novel treatment target (1)
- Nox inhibition (1)
- NoxA1 (1)
- Nrf-2 (1)
- Nucleolus (1)
- Nucleophosmin-1 (1)
- Nucleus pulposus cells (1)
- Nukleinsäureamplifikationstest (NAT) (1)
- Null responder (1)
- Number of platelets (1)
- Numerical simulation (1)
- Nurses (1)
- Nutrition risk stratification (1)
- Nymphs (1)
- O-GlcNAcylation (1)
- OA (1)
- OECD performance standards (1)
- OGR1 (1)
- OGTT (1)
- OHIP-G14 (1)
- OHRQoL (1)
- ONC201 (1)
- OPRM1 methylation (1)
- OPS (1)
- OR time (1)
- ORP (1)
- OSA (1)
- OSPE (1)
- OTU domain-containing protein 7B (OTUD7B) (1)
- OXA-23 (1)
- OXA-484 (1)
- OXA-58 (1)
- OXPHOS (1)
- Oberflächenantigen-Mutante (1)
- Object perception (1)
- Object vision (1)
- Objectives (1)
- Observational studies (1)
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder (1)
- Obstetric care (1)
- Obstetrics (1)
- Occlusion (1)
- Occupational Accidents (1)
- Occupational disease (1)
- Occupational exposure (1)
- Occupational medicine (1)
- Ocular findings (1)
- Ocular tuberculosis (1)
- Oesophageal cancer (1)
- Oesophagogastric cancer oxaliplatin (1)
- Off-pump surgery (1)
- Okinawa (1)
- Okinawa diet (1)
- Older adult (1)
- Older adults (1)
- Older patient (1)
- Older patients (1)
- Oldest-old (1)
- Olfactory diagnostics (1)
- Olfactory groove meningioma (1)
- Oligodendroglioma (1)
- Oligometastatic (1)
- Omega lipids (1)
- Omicron variant BA.1 (1)
- Omics (1)
- Omphalocele (1)
- Oncogenes (1)
- Oncologic surgery (1)
- Oncolytic adenovirus (1)
- Oncolytic virus (1)
- Oncotargets (1)
- One health (1)
- One-leg stand (1)
- Online Survey (1)
- Online education (1)
- Online-Magazine (1)
- Opacity (1)
- Open Science (1)
- Open abdomen (1)
- Open pulmonary tuberculosis (1)
- Open source concept (1)
- Operation/Chirurgie (1)
- Ophthalmoplegia (1)
- Opiatrezeptor (1)
- Opinion (1)
- Opioid system (1)
- Oposterior urethral valve (1)
- Oppositional defant disorder (1)
- Oppositional defiant disorder (1)
- Optic nerve atrophy (1)
- Optical coherence tomography angiography (1)
- Optical lenses (1)
- Optical phenomena (1)
- Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) (1)
- Oral and maxillofacial surgery (1)
- Oral and maxillofacial trauma (1)
- Oral food challenge (1)
- Oral immunotherapy (OIT) (1)
- Oral implantology (1)
- Oral therapy (1)
- Orbital fracture (1)
- Organ allocation (1)
- Organ failure (1)
- Organ injury (1)
- Organ motion (1)
- Organ rinse (1)
- Organ shortage (1)
- Organ support (1)
- Organ-confined (1)
- Organoids (1)
- Organs at Risk (1)
- Oroantral communication (1)
- Orphan disease (1)
- Orthodontic tooth movement (1)
- Orthodontist (1)
- Orthopaedics (1)
- Oryctolagus cuniculus (1)
- Oscillating saws (1)
- Osimertinib (1)
- Osmosensing (1)
- OspE (1)
- Ossifying fibroma (1)
- Osteocalcin (1)
- Osteoinduction (1)
- Osteonecrosis (1)
- Osteoporosis diagnosis (1)
- Osteoporotic fractures (1)
- Oswestry Disability Score (1)
- Otorhinolaryngological (1)
- Outcome assessment [MeSH] (1)
- Ovale (1)
- Ovarian cancer treatment (1)
- Ovarian carcinoma (1)
- Over-the-scope clip (1)
- Overall survival (1)
- Overweight (1)
- Overwintering (1)
- Oxa1/YidC/Alb3 Membrane Insertases (1)
- Oxaliplatin (1)
- Oxidative phosphorylation (1)
- Oxidativer Stress (1)
- Oxygen (1)
- Oxygen consumption (1)
- Oxygen extraction fraction (1)
- Oxygen uptake (1)
- Oxygen-derived free radicals (1)
- P-gp (1)
- P1NP (1)
- PAC-1 (1)
- PAD-test (1)
- PAH (1)
- PAI-1 (1)
- PAM (1)
- PAPR (1)
- PAR (1)
- PARK4 (1)
- PARK6 (1)
- PARK7 (1)
- PARP (1)
- PATZ1 (1)
- PAX3/FOXO1 (1)
- PBBM (1)
- PBMC (peripheral blood mononuclear cells) (1)
- PBPK simulation (1)
- PBSC (1)
- PBX (1)
- PBX1 (1)
- PC12 cells (1)
- PC12 neuronal differentiation (1)
- PCA (1)
- PCP (1)
- PCSK9 protein (1)
- PCV (1)
- PD-1 inhibitor (1)
- PD1/ PDL1 (1)
- PDCD4 (1)
- PDD - Assessment - Screening (1)
- PDE inhibition (1)
- PDE‐5‐inhibitor (1)
- PDI (1)
- PDK1 (1)
- PDPK1 (1)
- PD‑L1 (1)
- PEA-15 (1)
- PEGylated PLGA (PLGA-PEG) (1)
- PEI (1)
- PELICAN (1)
- PEM-technology (1)
- PF-06273340 (1)
- PFL (1)
- PFOA (1)
- PFOS (1)
- PGC-1α (1)
- PGE2 (1)
- PHR1 (1)
- PI3K inhibitor (1)
- PI3K/mTor inhibition (1)
- PID prevalence (1)
- PIF pocket (1)
- PKA (1)
- PKCε (1)
- PKD (1)
- PKD/IC (1)
- PLAGL1 (1)
- PLGA (1)
- PLK1 (1)
- PLK1 inhibitors (1)
- PLX4032 (1)
- PLX4720 (1)
- PM (1)
- PMA (1)
- PMF (1)
- PMI (1)
- PMMA (1)
- POCT (1)
- POLG (1)
- POR (1)
- PPAR (1)
- PPAR-γ (1)
- PPARγ (1)
- PPTC7 (1)
- PRF (1)
- PRG-1 (1)
- PRG5 (1)
- PRLTS3 (1)
- PROM (1)
- PROMISE (1)
- PRRT (1)
- PRRT2 (1)
- PRoMPT (1)
- PTCH (1)
- PTCH-1 (1)
- PTDM (1)
- PTEN inducible kinase 1 (1)
- PTK2B (1)
- PTM (1)
- PTSD (1)
- PUMA (1)
- PV (1)
- PV loop (1)
- PWI (1)
- PXA (1)
- PYGL (1)
- PacBio SMRT sequencing (1)
- Paediatric Investigation Plan (1)
- Paediatric cancer (1)
- Paediatric oncology (1)
- Paediatric research (1)
- Paediatric trauma patients (1)
- Paediatrics (1)
- Pain scale MWA (1)
- Pain sensation (1)
- Palacos reaction (1)
- Palliative Care [MeSH] (1)
- Pancreas transplantation (1)
- Pancreatic islet (1)
- Pancreatic surgery (1)
- Pancreatitis (1)
- Pancreatoduodenectomy (1)
- Pandemie (1)
- Panel testing (1)
- Panic disorder (1)
- Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome (1)
- Par-4 (1)
- Paracetamol (1)
- Paracoccus denitrificans (1)
- Parainfluenza (1)
- Paraneoplastic syndrome (1)
- Parapneumonic pleural effusion (1)
- Parasympathetic (1)
- Parent support (1)
- Parkinson diagnosis (1)
- Parkinsons disease (1)
- Particle load reduction (1)
- Particle number size distribution (1)
- Particle size distribution (1)
- Particle toxicity (1)
- Particles (1)
- Particulates (1)
- Patellofemoral Joint (1)
- Pathogen reduction (1)
- Pathogenicity (1)
- Pathogens (1)
- Pathologic changes (1)
- Pathological complete response (1)
- Pathologists (1)
- Pathology Section (1)
- Pathophysiology (1)
- Patient Blood Management (1)
- Patient Outcome Assessment (1)
- Patient Outcome Assessment [MeSH] (1)
- Patient Reported Outcome Measures [MeSH] (1)
- Patient and public Involvement (1)
- Patient care (1)
- Patient care planning (1)
- Patient education (1)
- Patient information (1)
- Patient information materials (1)
- Patient isolation (1)
- Patient knowledge (1)
- Patient outcome assessment (1)
- Patient participation (1)
- Patient perspective (1)
- Patient preferences (1)
- Patient reported outcomes (1)
- Patient satisfaction (1)
- Patient*inneninformation (1)
- Patient-Reported Outcomes Version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (1)
- Patient-centered care (1)
- Patient-centred care (1)
- Patient-reported outcomes (1)
- Patientenverfügung (1)
- Pattern recognition receptors (1)
- Pause (1)
- Pdgfrβ (1)
- Pediatric fracture (1)
- Pediatric neuroimaging (1)
- Pediatric oncology (1)
- Pediatric sarcoma (1)
- Pediatric stem cell transplantation (1)
- Pediatric surgery (1)
- Pediatrics (1)
- Pediatrics [MeSH] (1)
- Peer teaching (1)
- Peer-feedback (1)
- Peer-teaching (1)
- Peg3 (1)
- Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (1)
- Pelargonium sidoides questionable hepatotoxicity (1)
- Pelvic (1)
- Pentaglobin (1)
- Pentose Pathway (1)
- Peptides and proteins (1)
- Per1−/−-mice (1)
- Perceived stigma (1)
- Percutaneous (1)
- Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (1)
- Percutaneous pinning (1)
- Percutaneous ultrasound (1)
- Performing Artists (1)
- Peri-implant disease (1)
- Pericardial effusion (1)
- Pericarditis (1)
- Perilymph (1)
- Perimesencephalic (1)
- Periodic (1)
- Periodontal disease (1)
- Periodontal diseases (1)
- Periodontal therapy (1)
- Periodontal trauma (1)
- Periodontitis grades B and C (1)
- Peripheral blood smears (1)
- Peripheral vascular disease (1)
- Periprocedural anticoagulation (1)
- Peritoneal macrophages (1)
- Peritumoural oedema (1)
- Peri‑implantitis (1)
- Peroxidase (1)
- Perrault syndrome (1)
- Persistence SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (1)
- Persistent organic pollutants (1)
- Personal medicine (1)
- Personal protective equipment (1)
- Personal stigma (1)
- Personalised medicine (1)
- Personalisierte translationale Therapie (1)
- Personality (1)
- Personality disorder (1)
- Personality inventory (1)
- Personalized Medicine (1)
- Pertussis (1)
- Pessar (1)
- Peutz–Jeghers syndrome (1)
- Pfannenstiel (1)
- Pgrmc1 (1)
- Phakic (1)
- Phalangeal fractures (1)
- Phantom study (1)
- Phantoms (imaging) (1)
- Pharm-fMRI (1)
- Pharmaco-nutrition (1)
- Pharmacodynamic (1)
- Pharmacokinetics (1)
- Pharmacological treatment (1)
- Pharmacometrics (1)
- Pharmacotherapy (1)
- Pharmacovigilance (1)
- Pharmacy setting (1)
- Pharyngeal reflex (1)
- Phase 2 (1)
- Phase 3 (1)
- Phase 3 trial (1)
- Phase I clinical trial (1)
- Phase I trials (1)
- Phase II trial (1)
- Phase rotors (1)
- Phase-IV research (1)
- Phase-reset (1)
- Phenotypic plasticity (1)
- Phenylketonuria (PKU) (1)
- Philadelphia Chromosome (1)
- Philadelphia Chromosome-positive leukemia (1)
- Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute leukemia (1)
- Phlyctenule (1)
- Phospho-soda (1)
- Phospho-tau (1)
- Phosphohydrolases (1)
- Phospholipids (1)
- Photoaffinity Labeling (1)
- Physical and mental health (1)
- Physical comorbidities (1)
- Physical fitness (1)
- Physical self-perception (1)
- Physical therapist (1)
- Physician report (1)
- Physician-assisted suicide (1)
- Physics (1)
- Physiotherapy (1)
- Phytochemicals (1)
- Pierre Robin sequence (1)
- Pill Count (1)
- PillCamColon2 (1)
- Pilocytic astrocytoma (1)
- Pim-1 (1)
- Pink esthetic score (1)
- Placental growth factor (1)
- Placental organoids (1)
- Planning target volume (1)
- Plasma fibronectin (1)
- Plasma transfusion (1)
- Plasma usage (1)
- Plasmacytoid dendritic cell (1)
- Plasminogen (1)
- Plastic endoprosthesis (1)
- Plastic pollution (1)
- Plastics (1)
- Platelet (1)
- Platelet dysfunction (1)
- Platelet lysate (1)
- Platelet releasate (1)
- Platzierung (1)
- Play (1)
- Pleasure (1)
- Plectin (1)
- Pleural empyema (1)
- Plk1 (1)
- Plus-end (1)
- Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (1)
- Point of care (1)
- Point-of-care wound diagnostics (1)
- Polarity index (1)
- Police (1)
- Poliomyelitis (1)
- Polo-like kinase 3 (1)
- Poly-Pore (1)
- PolySUMOylation (1)
- Polygenic risk score (1)
- Polyhexanide (1)
- Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) (1)
- Polyposis syndrome (1)
- Polyps (1)
- Polysomnography (1)
- Polyunsaturated fatty acid mediators (1)
- Polyunsaturated fatty acids (1)
- Política de Saúde (1)
- Ponatinib (1)
- Pooling (1)
- Poor solubility (1)
- Population dynamics (1)
- Population-based screening (1)
- Porin regulation (1)
- Portal (1)
- Portugal (1)
- Portuguese population (1)
- Posaconazole serum level (1)
- Position paper (1)
- Positron emission tomography (1)
- Positron-emission tomography (1)
- Post mortem examination (1)
- Post mortem interval (1)
- Post surgery pain (1)
- Post treatment (1)
- Post-cesarean (1)
- Post-mortem genetic screening (1)
- Post-offence drinking (1)
- Post-thaw recovery (1)
- Post-transplant (1)
- Post-traumatic stress disorder (1)
- Posterior Cerebral (1)
- Postmortem (1)
- Postmortem interval (1)
- Postoperative anatomy (1)
- Postoperative infections (1)
- Postoperative nutritional management (1)
- Posttranslational modification (1)
- Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung (1)
- Postural sway (1)
- Posture (1)
- Potassium channel Kir2.1 (1)
- Potassium iodide (1)
- Powered air-purifying respirator (1)
- Practical training (1)
- Practice (1)
- Practice-based research network (1)
- Praeklampsie (1)
- Pre-economic effects (1)
- Pre-emptive immunotherapy (1)
- Pre-operative radiotherapy (1)
- Pre-treatment drug resistance mutations (1)
- PreS1 deletion (1)
- Precision (1)
- Precision medicine (1)
- Precision oncology (1)
- Preclinical (1)
- Preclinical drug development (1)
- Precompetitive development (1)
- Prediction of locoregional recurrence (1)
- Predictive Modeling (1)
- Predictive medicine (1)
- Predictive model (1)
- Predictive processing (1)
- Predictors (1)
- Prenatal ultrasonographic detection rate (1)
- Preoperative diagnostics (1)
- Preoperative radiochemotherapy (1)
- Prepontine (1)
- Presbyopia (1)
- Pressure distribution (1)
- Pressure measuring plate (1)
- Pressure pain (1)
- Presynaptic vesicles (1)
- Pre‐Ligand Assembly Domain (PLAD) (1)
- Primary Care Health Centre (1)
- Primary breast lymphoma (1)
- Primary health care [MeSH] (1)
- Primary molars (1)
- Primary prophylaxis (1)
- Primary sclerosing cholangitis (1)
- Primärversorgung (1)
- Principal component analysis (1)
- Procedural skills (1)
- Produkte zur Desinfektion (1)
- Professional dance (1)
- Professions (1)
- Proficiency testing (1)
- Profiling Transthiolation Activity (1)
- Profilometry (1)
- Progesteron (1)
- Progesterone (1)
- Prognosefaktoren (1)
- Prognostic biomarker (1)
- Prognostic models (1)
- Programming languages (1)
- Promoters (1)
- Propensity score matching (1)
- Proposal (1)
- Prospective randomized Analysis (1)
- Prostaglandin (1)
- Prostaglandin D2 (1)
- Prostaglandin E2 (1)
- Prostate Cancer (1)
- Prostate cancer cell lines (1)
- Prostate-specific membrane antigen (1)
- Prosthetic rehabilitation (1)
- Protease activity (1)
- Proteasomes (1)
- Protective factors (1)
- Protein (1)
- Protein Domains (1)
- Protein Expression (1)
- Protein Folding (1)
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors (1)
- Protein Motifs (1)
- Protein Structure (1)
- Protein Targeting (1)
- Protein aggregates (1)
- Protein complex (1)
- Protein degradation (1)
- Protein domains (1)
- Protein interactions (1)
- Protein kinase (1)
- Protein purify derivative (1)
- Protein tyrosine modification (1)
- Protein-Lipid Interaction (1)
- Protein-Tyrosin-Kinasen (1)
- Protein-translocation (1)
- Proteinkinase (1)
- Proteins (1)
- Proteostasis (1)
- Protestantism (1)
- Prothrombin complex concentrate (1)
- Prothrombinmutation (1)
- Protocol (1)
- Proton density (1)
- Prototypes (1)
- Proximal (1)
- Proximal humeral fracture (1)
- Prädiktivfaktoren (1)
- Pseudo HE-images (1)
- Pseudophakia (1)
- Pseudoprogression (1)
- Psoriasis vulgaris (1)
- Psoriatic arthritis (1)
- Psychiatric traits (1)
- Psychiatrie (1)
- Psychiatry (1)
- Psycho-oncology (1)
- Psychodynamic psychotherapy (1)
- Psychological stress (1)
- Psychometric evaluation (1)
- Psychometrics (1)
- Psychopathologie (1)
- Psychopathology (1)
- Psychophysics (1)
- Psychosocial (1)
- Pteridine (1)
- Public and occupational health (1)
- Publication (1)
- Publication output (1)
- Pulmonary artery pressure (1)
- Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive (1)
- Pulmonary edema (1)
- Pulmonary failure (1)
- Pulmonary hypoplasia (1)
- Pulse contour analysis (1)
- Pulse pressure variation (1)
- Pulsed SILAC (1)
- Pulswellengeschwindigkeit (1)
- Pumpkin seeds (1)
- Pupillometry (1)
- Purdue Pegboard (1)
- Pustulosis (1)
- Pyogenic (1)
- Pyogenic spondylodiscitis (1)
- Pyruvate (1)
- Python (1)
- QOL (1)
- Qb-Test (1)
- QbTest® (1)
- Qualitative Research [MeSH] (1)
- Qualitative research [MeSH] (1)
- Qualitative study (1)
- Quality control (1)
- Quality indicators (1)
- Quality management (1)
- Quality of Health Care [MeSH] (1)
- Quality of health care [MeSH] (1)
- Quality, performance, safety and outcomes (1)
- Quantitative (q)T2 mapping (1)
- Quantitative Imaging (1)
- Quantitative features (1)
- Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (1)
- Quantitative research (1)
- Quantitative sensory testing (1)
- Quantitative trait (1)
- Quantitative trait loci (1)
- Quantra (1)
- Quarantine (1)
- Quasi-longitudinal study (1)
- Questionnaire - Psychometrics - Diagnostics (1)
- Quinine (1)
- Quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase (1)
- Quinolinic acid (1)
- Quinolones (1)
- R (1)
- R programming language (1)
- R software (1)
- RAD001 (1)
- RAF (1)
- RARP (1)
- RAS (1)
- RAS pathway (1)
- RBC (1)
- RBC-depletion (1)
- RBFOX1 (1)
- RCC (1)
- RD cells (1)
- REM sleep (1)
- REMS (1)
- RESLES (1)
- RET (1)
- RGAG1 (1)
- RH30 cells (1)
- RIP (1)
- RIP1 (1)
- RIPK1 (1)
- RNA Biology (1)
- RNA chaperone (1)
- RNA extraction (1)
- RNA polymerase (1)
- RNA polymerase inhibitors (1)
- RNA processing (1)
- RNA processing machinery (1)
- RNA sequencing (1)
- RNA stability (1)
- RNA turnover (1)
- RNA virus (1)
- RNA viruses (1)
- RNA, long noncoding (1)
- RNA-binding protein (1)
- RNA-templated DNA repair (1)
- RNA/MicroRNA (1)
- RNAP II (1)
- RNActive (1)
- RNAi (1)
- RNAi and CRISPR screens (1)
- RNAseq analysis (1)
- RND (1)
- ROC analyses (1)
- ROC analysis (1)
- ROC-Analysen (1)
- ROS generation (1)
- ROS/RNS (1)
- RPE65 (1)
- RT-PCR-detection (1)
- RT-qPCR (1)
- RTS (1)
- RUFY (1)
- RUNX1/ETO (1)
- Rab proteins (1)
- Rabbit (1)
- Rac1 (1)
- Race (1)
- Radial artery (1)
- Radiation Oncology (1)
- Radiation exposure (1)
- Radiation induced diarrhoea (1)
- Radiation necrosis (1)
- Radical cystectomy (1)
- Radical nephrectomy (1)
- Radiofrequency (1)
- Radiofrequency ablation (1)
- Radioiodine therapy (1)
- Radioiodine uptake test (1)
- Radiology (1)
- Radiology and imaging (1)
- Radiosurgery (1)
- Radiyal arter (1)
- Ragulator complex (1)
- Ramadan (1)
- Raman spectroscopy (1)
- Ramucirumab (1)
- Ramón y Cajal (1)
- Randomisation (1)
- Randomised controlled trial (1)
- Randomised trial (1)
- Randomized (1)
- Randomized Controlled Trial (1)
- Randomized trial (1)
- RapL (1)
- Rapamycin (1)
- Rapid diagnostic test (1)
- Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (1)
- Rare Diseases (1)
- Rare disease (1)
- Rational use (1)
- Rcf1 (1)
- Re-exploration (1)
- Re-exposure (1)
- Re-injury (1)
- Reactogenicity (1)
- Readmission (1)
- Ready-made mouthguard (1)
- Real world study (1)
- Real-time MRI (1)
- Real-time phase contrast (1)
- Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests (1)
- Real-world data (1)
- Real-world evidence (1)
- RealTime (1)
- Rearing temperature (1)
- Recall rate (1)
- Receptor physiology (1)
- Receptors/Nuclear (1)
- Reconstructed human epidermis (1)
- Reconstruction (1)
- Recurrent episodes (1)
- Red blood cells (1)
- Red yeast rice (1)
- Redox (1)
- Redox dependent epigenetic modifications (1)
- Redox modification (1)
- Redox-sensitive GFP (1)
- Redox-sensitive transcription factor (1)
- Redundancy (1)
- Reference (1)
- Referral (1)
- Refractive changes (1)
- Refractive lense exchange (1)
- Refractory AML (1)
- RegJoint™ (1)
- Regenerative medicine (1)
- Region (1)
- Regret (1)
- Regulatory T cells (1)
- Regulatory agencies. (1)
- Regulatory framework (1)
- Regulatory networks (1)
- Rehabilitation outcome (1)
- Rehabilitationsergebnis (1)
- Rehospitalization (1)
- Reintervention (1)
- Rejection (1)
- Relapse (1)
- Relapse surveillance (1)
- Relapsed ALL (1)
- Relative quantification (1)
- Release of mtDNA and mtRNA (1)
- Remission (1)
- Remote ischemic conditioning (1)
- Remote monitoring (1)
- Renal cancer (1)
- Renal function (1)
- Renal lesions (1)
- Renal replacement therapy (1)
- Renal vein thrombus (1)
- Repatriation of corpses (1)
- Reperfusion (1)
- Replication study (1)
- Repositioning drugs (1)
- Representative survey (1)
- Reproducibility/stability (1)
- Research data (1)
- Research design (1)
- Research investment (1)
- Research patterns (1)
- Research trends (1)
- Research validity (1)
- Resection (1)
- Reservoir function (1)
- Residential care (1)
- Residual myometrial thickness (1)
- Resilience (1)
- Resin composites (1)
- Resource competition (1)
- Respimat® Soft Mist™ Inhaler (1)
- Respiratory Syncytial Virus (1)
- Respiratory signs and symptoms (1)
- Respiratory syncytial virus (1)
- Respiratory tract diseases (1)
- Response (1)
- Response control (1)
- Response criteria (1)
- Responsibility of healthcare policy (1)
- Resting state (1)
- Restricted posture (1)
- Resuscitation (1)
- Reticulon (1)
- Retina (1)
- Retinal degeneration (1)
- Retinal diseases (1)
- Retinoic acid (1)
- Retro-IDEAL (1)
- Retrospective studies (1)
- Retrospective study (1)
- Return to play (1)
- Return to sports (1)
- Return to work (1)
- Reverse electron transfer (1)
- Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (1)
- Review (1)
- Reward anticipation (1)
- Reward system (1)
- Rh Antigens (1)
- Rhabdomyoma (1)
- Rheumatology (1)
- Rho GTPases (1)
- Rho-kinase (1)
- Rho/Rho-kinase (1)
- RhoA (1)
- RhoGTPases (1)
- Ribosomal RNA (1)
- Ribosomal S6 phosphorylation (1)
- Ribosomal translation (1)
- Ribosomes (1)
- Richtlinie (1)
- Ridge preservation (1)
- Riftia pachyptila (1)
- Right hemisphere (1)
- Risikofaktoren (1)
- Risikokommunikation (1)
- Risk communication (1)
- Risk prediction (1)
- Risk reduction (1)
- Risk-stratification (1)
- Robotic Radiosurgery (1)
- Robotic tracking (1)
- Robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (1)
- Rodents (1)
- Roe deer (1)
- Rolandic Spikes (1)
- Roma women (1)
- Rora (1)
- Roughness (1)
- Round window membrane (1)
- Roussel Uclaf Causality Assess- ment Method (RUCAM) (1)
- Routinely Collected Health Data [MeSH] (1)
- Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (1)
- Rtn3 (1)
- Ruijs-Aalfs syndrome (1)
- Rush (1)
- Rush protocol (1)
- Rush-SIT (1)
- Ruxolitinib (1)
- Ryanodine (1)
- S. cerevisiae (1)
- S100 calcium‑binding protein B (1)
- S100b (1)
- S1P1 receptor (1)
- S1P1–5 (1)
- S1P5 (1)
- S1PR1 (1)
- S1PR4 (1)
- S1PR5 (1)
- S63845 (1)
- SAGE (1)
- SAH (1)
- SAH close (1)
- SAMHD1 knockout mouse (1)
- SAMHD1 phosphorylation (1)
- SAP (1)
- SARS CoV 2 (1)
- SARS-COV-2 (1)
- SARS-CoV (1)
- SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells (1)
- SARS-CoV2 (1)
- SARS-CoV‑2 (1)
- SAVI (1)
- SCA2 (1)
- SCA34 (1)
- SCA38 (1)
- SCD14 (1)
- SCMR (1)
- SCN5A (1)
- SCT (1)
- SDF-1 (1)
- SDH (1)
- SDS (1)
- SEAP (1)
- SEC (1)
- SEC-ICP-DRC-MS (1)
- SEER (1)
- SELEX (1)
- SENP6 (1)
- SERS (1)
- SF-12 (1)
- SGPL1 (1)
- SGPL1 knockout cell line (1)
- SH- (S-S)-Groups (1)
- SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells (1)
- SHH (1)
- SIADH (1)
- SIDS (1)
- SILAC (1)
- SIRPalpha (1)
- SKALE score (1)
- SKI II (1)
- SLAM-seq (1)
- SLC20A1 (1)
- SLC6a3 (1)
- SLC7A11 (1)
- SLP-76 (1)
- SLUG (1)
- SMAD (1)
- SMAD signaling (1)
- SMOC1 (1)
- SNORD95 (1)
- SNP (1)
- SOCS (1)
- SOFA (1)
- SPARTAN (1)
- SPG8 (1)
- SPPL3 (1)
- SPRTN (1)
- SPSS (1)
- SR protein (1)
- SR-BI (1)
- SRSF3 (1)
- SRSF7 (1)
- SSTI (1)
- ST2L (1)
- STAMPE2 (1)
- STAT5 (1)
- STDP (1)
- STIR (1)
- SUD (1)
- SUDEP (1)
- SUMO chains (1)
- SUMO1-3 (1)
- SUMOylation (1)
- SUN1 (1)
- SUN2 (1)
- SUV (1)
- SW480 Cell (1)
- SW480 cells (1)
- SWATH (1)
- Saccades (1)
- Saccadometry (1)
- Safety culture (1)
- Safety equipment (1)
- Safety learning (1)
- Safety perspectives (1)
- Salivary gland cancer (1)
- Salivary gland carcinoma (1)
- Salivary gland diseases (1)
- Salmonella choleraesuis (1)
- Salmonella infection (1)
- Salt inducible kinase 2 (SIK2) (1)
- Salvage therapy (1)
- Sampling protocol (1)
- Sandfly (1)
- Sanger Sequencing (1)
- Sapacitabine (1)
- Sarcoidosis (1)
- Sarcomas (1)
- Sarcopenia (1)
- Sarcophagidae (1)
- Satisfaction (1)
- Saudi Arabia (1)
- Scalp defect (1)
- Scanner models (1)
- Scedosporium spp. (1)
- Scheduling of radiotherapy (1)
- Schizophrenie (1)
- School support (1)
- Science structure (1)
- Scientifi c competence (1)
- Scientific community (1)
- Scientific publishing (1)
- Scientometria (1)
- Scientometric analysis (1)
- Scientometrics (1)
- Scientometry (1)
- Sclerostin (1)
- Sclerotic glomeruli (1)
- Screening guidelines (1)
- Screening-ELISA (1)
- Screeningfragebogen (1)
- Scrofulous keratitis (1)
- Seasonal variation (1)
- Seattle heart failure model (1)
- Second donation (1)
- Second stage of labor (1)
- Second-line treatment (1)
- Secondary injury cascades (1)
- Secondary prevention (1)
- Secretion (1)
- Sedation (1)
- Sedatives (1)
- Seizures (1)
- Selection bias (1)
- Selective autophagy (1)
- Selenium (1)
- Selenium administration in gynecologic radiation oncology (1)
- Selenoproteins (1)
- Self-assessment (1)
- Self-efficacy (1)
- Self-esteem (1)
- Self-expandable TAVI (1)
- Self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) (1)
- Self-expandable metal stents (1)
- Self-expandable metal stents complications (1)
- Self-management support (1)
- Self-myofascial release (1)
- Self-report (1)
- Semicontinuous (1)
- Semitendinosus tendon autograft (1)
- Sensorimotor processing (1)
- Sensorimotor training (1)
- Sensory Neuroscience (1)
- Sensory neuron (1)
- Sensory perception (1)
- Sensory systems (1)
- Separation of ADP-Binding Enzymes (1)
- Sepsis-bundle (1)
- Septic shock (1)
- Sequelae (1)
- Sequence (1)
- Sequence alignment (1)
- Sequence motif analysis (1)
- Sequencing (1)
- Sequential (1)
- Seribantumab (1)
- Serine proteases (1)
- Serious injured children (1)
- Seroconverter (1)
- Seroepidemiology (1)
- Serology (1)
- Seroprevalence (1)
- Serotype 3 (1)
- Serum Susceptibility (1)
- Serum biomarker (1)
- Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (1)
- Severe bacterial infection (1)
- Severe blood loss (1)
- Severe malaria (1)
- Severity of illness index (1)
- Sexual Dysfunctions (1)
- Sexual child abuse (1)
- Sexual violence (1)
- Sexualmedizin (1)
- Sexuelle Dysfunktionen (1)
- Sexuelle Gewalt (1)
- Sexuelle Revolution (1)
- Sexueller Kindesmissbrauch (1)
- Shannon index (1)
- Shared information (1)
- Sharp injuries (1)
- Sharpin (1)
- Sholl analysis (1)
- Shone’s complex (1)
- Shoulder joint (1)
- Shoulder luxation (1)
- Shunt (1)
- Sickle Cell Disease (1)
- Side effect (1)
- Side effects (1)
- Siderosis (1)
- Signal Recognition Particle (1)
- Signal Transduction (1)
- Signal intensity (1)
- Signal transduction (1)
- Signaling ROS (1)
- Signaling pathway (1)
- Signs and symptoms (1)
- Silicosis (1)
- Silver diamine fluoride (1)
- Silver in situ hybridization (1)
- Simulation and modeling (1)
- Simultaneous (1)
- Single nucleotide polymorphism (1)
- Single positive core biopsy (1)
- Single-Molecule Localization Microscopy (SMLM) (1)
- Single-cell RNA sequencing (1)
- Single-cell RNA-seq (1)
- Single-cell RNA-sequencing (1)
- Single-leg hop for distance (1)
- Single-treatment (1)
- Sistemas de Saúde (1)
- Skeletal health (1)
- Skeletal joints (1)
- Skeletal muscle (1)
- Skeletal muscles (1)
- Skills training (1)
- Skin fibroblast (1)
- Skin irritation test (1)
- Skin manifestation (1)
- Skin morphology (1)
- Skp (1)
- Skull base (1)
- Slc11a2 (1)
- Slc25a37 (1)
- Sleep deprivation (1)
- Slow Cortical Potentials, SCP (1)
- Smac mimetic (1)
- Smac mimetics (1)
- Smad (1)
- Small Leucine-rich Proteoglycan (SLRP) (1)
- Small RNA analysis (1)
- Small bowel atresia (1)
- Small bowel endoscopy (1)
- Small molecules (1)
- Small vessel disease (1)
- Small- and medium-sized enterprises (1)
- Small-bowel endoscopy (1)
- Small-cell lung cancer (1)
- Smart nebulizer (1)
- Smooth muscle (1)
- Smooth muscle cell (1)
- Smooth muscle cells (1)
- Snakebite (1)
- Social Media (1)
- Social Phobia (1)
- Social brain (1)
- Social cognition (1)
- Social communication (1)
- Social decision-making (1)
- Social determinants (1)
- Social differences (1)
- Social information processing (1)
- Social neuroscience (1)
- Social phobia (1)
- Social research (1)
- Social sciences (1)
- Social skills training (1)
- Social support (1)
- Sociocognitive predictors (1)
- Sociodemographic characteristics (1)
- Socioeconomic analysis (1)
- Socioeconomic indices (1)
- Socket healing (1)
- Socket preservation (1)
- Sodium chloride (1)
- Soft tissue healing (1)
- Soft tissue infection (1)
- Soft tissue sarcoma (1)
- Soft-tissue sarcoma (1)
- Software (1)
- Software tool (1)
- Software tools (1)
- Solar insolation (1)
- Solidworks 2015 (1)
- SoloSTAR (1)
- Soluble epoxide hydrolase (1)
- Somatization (1)
- Sonography (1)
- Source reconstruction (1)
- Soziale Ungleichheit (1)
- Sozialpsychiatrischer Dienst (1)
- Spa water (1)
- Spanish National Health System (1)
- Sparse models (1)
- Spatial Attention (1)
- Species identification (1)
- Speciesidentification (1)
- Specific Synthesis (1)
- Specimen preparation and treatment (1)
- Spectral library (1)
- Spectraldomain OCTA (1)
- Spectrin (1)
- Speech discrimination (1)
- Speech signal processing (1)
- Sphere Formation Assay (1)
- Sphingolipid (1)
- Sphingolipidstoffwechsel (1)
- Sphingosine 1-phosphate (1)
- Sphingosine-1-phosphate (1)
- Sphk1 (1)
- Sphk2 (1)
- Spinal fractures (1)
- Spinal injuries (1)
- Spinal surgery (1)
- Spine Register (1)
- Spine care (1)
- Spine density (1)
- Spine fractures (1)
- Spine infection (1)
- Spinocerebellar ataxia (1)
- Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (1)
- Splanchnic Hemodynamics (1)
- Spleen (1)
- Splenic dendritic cell (1)
- Splice variants (1)
- Spondylitis (1)
- Spondyloarthritis (1)
- Spondylodiscitis (1)
- Spondylolisthesis (1)
- Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (1)
- Sports (1)
- Spot sign (1)
- Sprachverstehen (1)
- Spread of Excitation (1)
- Sputum smear-negative (1)
- StUbL (1)
- Stability (1)
- Stage at presentation (1)
- Stakeholder participation (1)
- Standard dataset (1)
- Standard reference values (1)
- Standard risk (1)
- Standardized operating procedures (1)
- Standards of care (1)
- Standardverfahren (1)
- Staphylococcus aureus (1)
- Starvation (1)
- Static MRI (1)
- Statin (1)
- Stationäre Krankenhausfälle (1)
- Statistical analysis (1)
- Statistical methods (1)
- Stavudine (1)
- Steatosis (1)
- Stem cell dose (1)
- Stem cell enumeration (1)
- Stenosis (1)
- Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (1)
- Stentoplasty (1)
- Sterblichkeit (1)
- Stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (1)
- Stereotactic radiosurgery (1)
- Steroid (1)
- Sterols (1)
- Stigma (1)
- Stigma scale (1)
- Stimulant (1)
- Stimulation experiments (1)
- Stimulus-secretion coupling (1)
- Sting challenge (1)
- Stoma (1)
- Stoppa approach (1)
- Streptomyces hydrogenans (1)
- Stress (1)
- Stress and resilience (1)
- Stress resilience (1)
- Stress vulnerability/resilience genes (1)
- Stringed bow player (1)
- Stroke Risk (1)
- Stroke genetics (1)
- Stroke prevention (1)
- Stroke unit (1)
- Stroke volume variation (1)
- Stromal cell (1)
- Structural MRI (1)
- Structural genomics (1)
- Structured reporting (1)
- Structured written feedback (1)
- Strukturwandel der Sexualität (1)
- Students (1)
- Sub-segmentation (1)
- Sub-zero exposure (1)
- Subacute cerebellar degeneration (1)
- Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (1)
- Subcutaneous (1)
- Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (1)
- Subgroup identification (1)
- Subjective effects (1)
- Subpopulation (1)
- Substances for disinfection (1)
- Subterranean (1)
- Subventricular zone (1)
- Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD) (1)
- Sudden infant death syndrome (1)
- Sugar feeding (1)
- Suicidal behavior (1)
- Suicidal ideation (1)
- Suicidal thoughts (1)
- Suicidality (1)
- Suicide attempt (1)
- Sulfasalazine (1)
- Sulfhydryl Groups (1)
- Sulfhydryl-reactivity (1)
- Sulfur metabolism (1)
- Sulphoraphane (1)
- Sunlight (1)
- Superinfection (1)
- Supplemental parenteral nutrition (1)
- Supplementation (1)
- Support vector machine (1)
- Supportivtherapie (1)
- Supraglottic Airway Devices (1)
- Supraspinatus tendon (1)
- Supratentorial (1)
- Supraventricular arrhythmias (1)
- Surface (1)
- Surgical ICU (1)
- Surgical blood loss (1)
- Surgical education (1)
- Surgical risk (1)
- Surgical site infection (1)
- Surgical site occurrence (1)
- Surgical therapy (1)
- Surrogate endpoint (1)
- Survey (1)
- Surveys (1)
- Survival data (1)
- Suspension (1)
- Sustainable Development (1)
- Sustained attention (1)
- Sustained virologic response (1)
- Sustained virological response (1)
- Sustained virological response (SVR) (1)
- Swallowing (1)
- Sweat osmolality (1)
- Sweat secretion rate (1)
- Swept-source OCTA (1)
- Switzerland (1)
- Sycamore (1)
- Syk Kinase (1)
- Syllables (1)
- Symmetrical blocked occlusion (1)
- Sympathetic (1)
- Sympathetic nervous system (1)
- Sympathicolysis (1)
- Symptome (1)
- Symptoms (1)
- Synapse (1)
- Synapses (1)
- Synaptic dysfunction (1)
- Synaptic organizer (1)
- Synaptopodin (1)
- Synaptosomal preparation (1)
- Syncope (1)
- Syndecan-1 (1)
- Synergy (1)
- Synovial inflammation (1)
- Synthetic (1)
- Synthetic biology (1)
- Syrian hamster (1)
- Systemic inflammatory response (1)
- Systemic lupus erythematosus (1)
- Systemic treatment (1)
- Systems & Computational Biology (1)
- Systems biology (1)
- Systems medicine (1)
- T Cell Biology (1)
- T Cells (1)
- T cell receptor (1)
- T cell receptors (1)
- T cell/histiocyte rich large B cell lymphoma (1)
- T helper 17 cells (1)
- T helper cell differentiation (1)
- T-ALL (1)
- T-DM1 (1)
- T-bet (1)
- T-cell development (1)
- T-cell homeostasis (1)
- T-cell homing (1)
- T-cell niche (1)
- T-cell receptor (TCR) (1)
- T-cell targeting (1)
- T-lymphocytes (1)
- T-tubule system (1)
- T-wave alternans (1)
- T1 (1)
- T1 and T2 mapping (1)
- T1 mapping (1)
- T2 (1)
- T84 colon carcinoma cells (1)
- TALE-homdomain protein (1)
- TAM (1)
- TAMs (1)
- TAPSE (1)
- TAVR (1)
- TAX1BP1 (1)
- TB-therapy (1)
- TBI (1)
- TC stenosis (1)
- TCR signaling cascade (1)
- TDAG8 (1)
- TEER (1)
- TEM (1)
- TEPT (1)
- TEVAR (1)
- TG-186 (1)
- TG-43 (1)
- TGF-beta (1)
- TGF-α (1)
- TGFB-induced factor homeobox 1 (1)
- TGIF (1)
- TGR(mREN2)27 (1)
- THRLBCL (1)
- THV (1)
- TIA-1 (1)
- TIC10 (1)
- TIGAR (1)
- TILs (1)
- TIM23 (1)
- TIMP2 (1)
- TIRADS (1)
- TL AOSIS (1)
- TLR (1)
- TLR2/6 (1)
- TLR4 (1)
- TLR7 (1)
- TLR8 (1)
- TMC435 (1)
- TME (1)
- TMEM126B (1)
- TMS (1)
- TMS-EEG (1)
- TNF (1)
- TNF inhibitors (1)
- TNF-α (1)
- TNFR1 (1)
- TOR inhibitor (1)
- TOR signalling (1)
- TOR1A (1)
- TP53 (1)
- TP53 mutation status (1)
- TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (1)
- TPR (1)
- TRAPP (1)
- TRIM25 (1)
- TRIMs (1)
- TRP Channels (1)
- TRP2 (1)
- TRPM8 (1)
- TRPV4 (1)
- TSC-associated neuropsychiatric disorders (1)
- TSC22D3 (1)
- TSP-4 (1)
- TTFields (1)
- TTW nodules (1)
- TUR-P (1)
- TURP (1)
- TVT (1)
- TWINKLE (1)
- TWNK (1)
- Taekwondoka (1)
- Tagging (1)
- Tailored medicine (1)
- Tailored therapy (1)
- Takotsubo Syndrome (1)
- Tamoxifen (1)
- Tamponade (1)
- Tar (1)
- Targeted delivery (1)
- Targeted sequencing (1)
- Targeted tumor therapy (1)
- Tas2r126 (1)
- Tas2r135 (1)
- Tas2r143 (1)
- Tattoo (1)
- Tau (1)
- Tau acetylation (1)
- Tax effect (1)
- Taxane (1)
- Taxonomy (1)
- Tea (1)
- Technical data (1)
- Technicians (1)
- Technique (1)
- Telomere length (1)
- Telomeres (1)
- Tempo-parietal junction (1)
- Temporal lobe epilepsy (1)
- Temporomandibular joint (1)
- Temporomandibular joint dysfunction (1)
- Temsirolimus (1)
- Tendon incontinence repair (1)
- Tendon transplantation (1)
- Term birth (1)
- Terminal ileitis (1)
- Test assay (1)
- Testing (1)
- Testosterone (1)
- Tet-inducible system (1)
- Tetanus (1)
- Tetrahydrobiopterin (1)
- Texture analysis (1)
- Tfrc (1)
- Tgfβ (1)
- Th1 polarization (1)
- Thalidomide (1)
- Theorie der Sexualität (1)
- Therapeutic adherence (1)
- Therapeutic anticoagulation (1)
- Therapeutic competence (1)
- Therapeutics (1)
- Therapie (1)
- Therapies (1)
- Therapy response (1)
- Thermal spring water (1)
- Thermodilution (1)
- Thermogenesis (1)
- Thermoplasma (1)
- Thermoplasma acidophilum Membranes; Tetraetherlipids (1)
- Thiol redox modification (1)
- Thorax (1)
- Three-dimensional back scan (1)
- Three-dimensional echocardiography (1)
- Thrombophilie (1)
- Thrombose (1)
- Thrombosis/hypercoagulable states (1)
- Thrombotic microangiopathy (1)
- Thromboxane (1)
- Thumb carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis (1)
- Thymocytes (1)
- Thymus (1)
- Thyroid Cancer Cells (1)
- Thyroid disease (1)
- Tick-Borae (1)
- Tick-Born Diseases (1)
- Tick-Borne diseases (1)
- Tick-borne diseases (1)
- Tick-borne encephalitis (1)
- Ticks (1)
- Time in therapeutic range (TTR) (1)
- Time of death (1)
- Time optimization (1)
- Time series (1)
- Time to treatment failure (1)
- Time trend (1)
- Timing (1)
- Tinnitus (1)
- Tissue expander (1)
- Tissue microarray (1)
- Tissue microarray (TMA) (1)
- Tissue stiffness (1)
- Tissue-specificity (1)
- Tobacco (1)
- Tocilizumab (1)
- Toll-like Receptor (TLR) (1)
- Toll-like receptor (TLR) 6 (1)
- Toll-like receptors (1)
- Toll-like-Rezeptoren (1)
- Toluidine blue (1)
- Tomosynthese (1)
- Tonsil (1)
- Tools and ressources (1)
- Tooth Development (1)
- Tooth segmentation (1)
- Tooth transplantation (1)
- Topoisomerase (1)
- Total colonoscopy (1)
- Total elbow arthroplasty (1)
- Total hip arthroplasty (1)
- Total hip replacement (1)
- Total operating room time (1)
- Touchscreen (1)
- Toxic liver disease (1)
- Toxicology (1)
- Toxins (1)
- Tozasertib (1)
- Tracheal Intubation (1)
- Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) (1)
- Traditional Indian Medicine (1)
- Trafficking (1)
- Trail (1)
- Traits of medical students (1)
- Trajectories (1)
- Tranexamic acid (1)
- Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (1)
- Transcatheter based aortic valve implantation (1)
- Transcatheter stage 1 (1)
- Transcranial direct current stimulation (1)
- Transcription factor (1)
- Transcription regulation (1)
- Transcriptional control (1)
- Transcriptional regulatory elements (1)
- Transcriptome (1)
- Transcriptome analysis (1)
- Transcriptome microarray (1)
- Transcriptomics (1)
- Transdifferentiation (1)
- Transduction (1)
- Transesophageal echocardiography (1)
- Transfer learning (1)
- Transfer model (1)
- Transferases (1)
- Transformation (1)
- Transfusion practice (1)
- Transgender (1)
- Transgenic SK-2 mice (1)
- Transgenic mice (1)
- Transient (1)
- Transient elastography (1)
- Transient ischemic attack (1)
- Transition invariant (1)
- Transitional cell carcinoma (1)
- Transitional fractures 3D printing (1)
- Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (1)
- Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (1)
- Translation (1)
- Translation initiation (1)
- Translation proteomics (1)
- Translational (1)
- Translationsregulation (1)
- Transmembrane communication (1)
- Transplant logistics (1)
- Transplantation (1)
- Transplantation Centers (1)
- Transportation (1)
- Transurethral resection of the prostate (1)
- Trastuzumab (1)
- Trauma centre (1)
- Trauma surgery (1)
- TraumaRegister DGU® (1)
- TraumaRegister DGU® (TR-DGU) (1)
- Traumatic dental injury (1)
- Traumatology (1)
- Travel regulations (1)
- Travel times (1)
- Travellers (1)
- Treatment effectiveness (1)
- Treatment management (1)
- Treatment modification (1)
- Treatment protocol (1)
- Treatment rates (1)
- Treatment response (1)
- Trees (1)
- Triamcinolone acetonide (1)
- Trichuris suis ova (1)
- Trimeric autotransporter adhesins (1)
- Triple negative (1)
- Triple therapy (1)
- Triple-negative breast cancer (1)
- Trisomy 21 (1)
- Trk (1)
- TrkC (1)
- Trousseau’s syndrome (1)
- Trueness (1)
- Truncating mutation (1)
- Truncus arteriosus (1)
- Tuberous sclerosis complex (1)
- Tubers (1)
- Tularemia (1)
- Tumor cell (1)
- Tumor growth (1)
- Tumor heterogeneity (1)
- Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (1)
- Tumor interstitial fluid pressure (1)
- Tumor obstruction (1)
- Tumor subtype (1)
- Tumor suppressor protein (1)
- Tumor therapy (1)
- Tumor volume (1)
- Tumorsphere Formation (1)
- Tumour biomarkers (1)
- Turkish (1)
- Tween20 (1)
- Twist (1)
- Two-hit hypothesis (1)
- Type 1 diabetes (1)
- Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (1)
- Type three hypersensitivity (1)
- Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (1)
- Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) (1)
- Tyrosine kinase inhibitor mTOR inhibition (1)
- Tyrosine kinases (1)
- Tyrosinemia (1)
- T‑DM1 (1)
- U-87MG (1)
- UBA domain (1)
- UDP-glucose ceramide glycosyltransferase (1)
- UHPLC-MS (1)
- ULBP4 (1)
- UPPS (1)
- UPR (1)
- USA (1)
- USP28 (1)
- USP32 (1)
- USP9X (1)
- UVA (1)
- UWB diagnostics (1)
- Ubiquitin (1)
- Ubiquitin kinase PINK1 (1)
- Ubiquitin ligase (1)
- Ubiquitin signaling (1)
- Ubiquitin-binding module (1)
- Ulixertinib (1)
- Ultra microscopy (1)
- Ultra-rush protocol (1)
- Ultraschall (1)
- Ultrasonic nebulizer (1)
- Ultrasound imaging (1)
- Umbilical cord (1)
- Uncertainty (1)
- Underfeeding (1)
- Undergraduate (1)
- Undergraduate education (1)
- Undergraduate training (1)
- Undergraduates (1)
- Understanding (1)
- Undiagnosed patients (1)
- Ungleichheit (1)
- Unilateral hip osteoarthritis (1)
- Unique information (1)
- United States (1)
- União Européia (1)
- Upgrading (1)
- Upper airway infection (1)
- Upper respiratory tract infection (1)
- Urachal cancer (1)
- Urachus carcinoma (1)
- Urban (1)
- Ureter (1)
- Urinary continence (1)
- Urinary incontinence (1)
- Urine (1)
- Urologic tumors (1)
- Urological oncology (1)
- Urothelial cancer (1)
- Urothelial carcinoma (1)
- Urothelial cells (1)
- Urticaria (1)
- Usutu virus (1)
- Uterus (1)
- Uveal melanoma (1)
- VARGADO (1)
- VASP (1)
- VBM (1)
- VE-cadherin (1)
- VEGF receptor 2 internalization and signaling (1)
- VEGFA (1)
- VEGFR (1)
- VEGFR-2 (1)
- VEGFR-3 (1)
- VF (1)
- VGAT-ChR2 (1)
- VHH (1)
- VHL (1)
- VIM (1)
- VIP (1)
- VIP1 (1)
- VIS (1)
- VISTA (1)
- VLA4 (1)
- VPA-analogues (1)
- VPAC1 (1)
- VT (1)
- VUS (1)
- VX-2 (1)
- VX680 (1)
- Vaccination breakthrough (1)
- Vaccine breakthrough (1)
- Vacuoles (1)
- Vaginal breech delivery (1)
- Vaginal delivery (1)
- Vagus nerve (1)
- Vagus nerve stimulation (1)
- Value-added effect (1)
- Valvular cardiomyopathy (1)
- Variant of concern (1)
- Variceal bleeding (1)
- Vascular biology (1)
- Vascular cognitive disorder (VCD) – Paranoid hallucinatory syndrome – Late-onset trauma-related symptoms – Depression – Assertive community treatment (ACT) (1)
- Vascular disease (1)
- Vascular emergencies (1)
- Vascular endothelial growth factor A (1)
- Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (1)
- Vascular permeability (1)
- Vasculitis (1)
- Vasculogenesis (1)
- Vasospasm (1)
- Vector mosquito (1)
- Vector-borne infections (1)
- Vein (1)
- Veino-lymphatic separation (1)
- Vemurafenib (1)
- Venous Thromboembolism (1)
- Venous thromboembolism (1)
- Venous thrombosis (1)
- Ventilators (1)
- Ventricular arrhythmia (1)
- Ventricular arrhythmias (1)
- Ventricular tachyarrhythmia (1)
- Ventricular tachyarrhythmic event (1)
- Venöse Thrombose/Genetik (1)
- VeroE6‐eGFP cells (1)
- Versorgungsstruktur (1)
- Versorgungsstrukturen (1)
- Vertebral augmentation (1)
- Vertebral body (1)
- Vertebral body stenting (1)
- Vertebral fracture (1)
- Vertigo (1)
- Vespid venom allergy (1)
- Vibroarthrography (1)
- Victimization (1)
- Video rasterstereography (1)
- Video-oculography (1)
- Videolaryngoscopy (1)
- Videorasterstereography (1)
- Vincristine (1)
- VirB (1)
- Viral Load (1)
- Viral core (1)
- Viral hepatitis (1)
- Viral oncology (1)
- Viral replication (1)
- Virchow-Robin Spaces (1)
- Virological Failure (1)
- Virological Response (1)
- Virological failure (1)
- Virological testing (1)
- Virologie (1)
- Virology (1)
- Virotherapy (1)
- Virtual implant planning (1)
- Virtual noncalcium reconstructions (1)
- Virtual patients (1)
- Virulence (1)
- Virus trapping (1)
- Virusisolierung (1)
- Viruslast (1)
- Visual Perception (1)
- Visual impairments (1)
- Visual system (1)
- Visual-field localizer (1)
- Vitamin (1)
- Vitamin K antagonists (1)
- Vitreous opacity (1)
- Vitreous samples (1)
- Voltage attenuation (1)
- Volume overload (1)
- Volume reduction of thyroid nodules (1)
- Volumetric analysis (1)
- Volumetric indexes (1)
- Volunteer donor (1)
- Von Hippel–Landau (1)
- Voriconazole (1)
- Voxel-based morphometry (1)
- WASH complex subunit 5 (1)
- WIPI2 (1)
- WIPI2b (1)
- WNT (1)
- WRNIP1 (1)
- WT1 (1)
- WYE-354 (1)
- Wait and see (1)
- Wakefulness (1)
- Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) (1)
- Water chemistry (1)
- Water contamination (1)
- Watertight Dural closure (1)
- Weak bases (1)
- Wearable cardioverter‐defibrillator (1)
- Web 2.0 (1)
- Weight distribution (1)
- Weight loss (1)
- West Nile fever (1)
- West Nile neuroinvasive disease (1)
- West Nile virus (1)
- Western Blotting (1)
- Western blot (1)
- Western diet (1)
- Westphal-Paradigm (1)
- White matter hyperintensity (1)
- Whole genome association (1)
- Whole slide images (1)
- Wilms tumor (1)
- Wilson disease (WD) (1)
- Wing morphometry (1)
- Winter survival (1)
- WoMo score (1)
- Women in medicine (1)
- Women in science (1)
- Work shadowing (1)
- Working memory capacity (1)
- Workplace (1)
- Wound healing potential (1)
- Wounds and injuries (1)
- X-ray Crystallography (1)
- X-ray computed (1)
- XCL1/XCR1 axis (1)
- XL probe (1)
- XS52 (1)
- Xenorhabdus (1)
- YB-1 (1)
- YK-4-279 (1)
- YM155 (1)
- YWHAE (1)
- YWHAZ (1)
- Yarrowia lipolytica (1)
- Yarrowia lipolytica mitochondrial genome complex I NADH: ubiquinoneoxidoreductase (1)
- Yeast-2-Hybrid (1)
- Yellow fluorescent protein (1)
- Yoga (1)
- Zeckenübertragene Erkrankungen (1)
- Zentrifugalanalysator (1)
- Zervixverkürzung (1)
- Zika (1)
- Zika Virus (1)
- Zika vaccine (1)
- Zirconia (1)
- Zuckerkandl’s tubercle (1)
- Zwangseinweisungen (1)
- Zymosan-induced peritonitis (1)
- [18F]FET PET (1)
- a disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10) (1)
- aGVHD (1)
- abdominal aortic aneurysm (1)
- abdominal imaging (1)
- abemaciclib (1)
- ablation techniques (1)
- abnormal tumor vasculature (1)
- abscisic acid (1)
- abscopal effect (1)
- abuso (1)
- academic (1)
- academic medicine (1)
- acarboxyprothrombin (1)
- acceptable change limit (1)
- accidental falls [MeSH] (1)
- accidents (1)
- acetabular fracture (1)
- acetylation (1)
- acetylcholine binding protein (1)
- acetylcholine receptors (1)
- acetylcholinesterase (1)
- acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition (1)
- acetylcholinesterase inhibition (1)
- acid dentine lysate (1)
- acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase; Smpd1) (1)
- acne inversa (1)
- acneiform skin toxicity (1)
- acoustic radiation force impulse (1)
- acoustic radiation force impulse imaging (1)
- acquired LQT syndrome (1)
- acquired drug resistance (1)
- actin cytoskeleton (1)
- actin dynamics (1)
- action (1)
- action sounds (1)
- action-effect association (1)
- activated clotting time measurement (1)
- activated factor XIII (1)
- activation receptors (1)
- active/deactive transition (1)
- activities of daily life (1)
- activity-based benefits (1)
- actography (1)
- acupuncture (1)
- acute and chronic graft versus host disease (a/c GVHD) (1)
- acute attacks (1)
- acute cholecystitis (1)
- acute chronic inflammation (1)
- acute decompensation of cirrhosis (1)
- acute exacerbations of COPD (1)
- acute infections (1)
- acute inflammation (1)
- acute leukemia (1)
- acute liver failure (1)
- acute liver injury (1)
- acute lung injury (ALI) (1)
- acute lymphatic leukemia (1)
- acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (1)
- acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (1)
- acute pain (1)
- acute stroke (1)
- acute stroke care (1)
- acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) (1)
- acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (1)
- adaptation plan (1)
- adaptive cardiac remodelling (1)
- adaptive immune escape (1)
- adaptive immunity (1)
- additive manufacturing (1)
- adeno-associated virus (1)
- adenocarcinoma (1)
- adenomatous polyposis (1)
- adenosine receptors (1)
- adeno‐associated virus (1)
- adiabatic saturation (1)
- adiponectin (1)
- adipose tissue (1)
- adipose tissue-derived stem cell (1)
- adipose-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (1)
- adipose-derived stem cells (1)
- adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) (1)
- adiposity (1)
- adjustment disorder (1)
- adjuvant radiotherapy (1)
- adolescent (1)
- adolescentes (1)
- adolescents’ health (1)
- adoptive cell therapy (1)
- adoptive immunotherapy (1)
- adrenal insuffciency (1)
- adrenergic therapy (1)
- adrenoceptors (1)
- adult and elderly patients (1)
- adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (adult ADHD) (1)
- adult congenital heart disease (1)
- advance directive (1)
- advanced (1)
- advanced breast cancer (1)
- advanced glycation end products (1)
- advanced melanoma (1)
- adverse effects (1)
- adversity (1)
- aerobic exercise (1)
- aerodynamics (1)
- aerosol (1)
- aesthetics (1)
- affective disorder (1)
- affective disorders (1)
- affinity purification (1)
- affordance (1)
- aftercare structures (1)
- aged [MesH] (1)
- agent-based modeling (1)
- agent-based models (1)
- aggressiveness (1)
- agility (1)
- agonists (1)
- agreeableness (1)
- air abrasive (1)
- air pollution (1)
- air pouch (1)
- airborne bacteria (1)
- airway (1)
- airway remodeling (1)
- alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) (1)
- alcohol metabolism (1)
- alcoholic fatty liver disease (1)
- alcoholic hepatitis (1)
- alcoholic liver injury (1)
- aligners (1)
- aliphatic halogenated hydrocarbons (1)
- alkaloid (1)
- all-ceramic (1)
- alleles (1)
- allergen immunotherapy (1)
- allergic rhinitis (1)
- allergy (1)
- alloHSCT (1)
- allocation (1)
- allogeneic (1)
- allogeneic donor (1)
- allogeneic hematological stem cell transplantation (1)
- allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) (1)
- allogeneic stem cell transplant (1)
- allogeneic transplantation (1)
- allostasis (1)
- allosteric inhibition (1)
- allosteric regulation (1)
- alpelisib (1)
- alpha peak (1)
- alpha receptor (1)
- alpha-fetoprotein (1)
- alpha-galactosidase A deficiency (1)
- alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (1)
- alphaSynuclein (1)
- alpharetroviral vector (1)
- alpinia zerumbet (1)
- alteplase (1)
- alternative 3′ end processing (1)
- alternative matrices (1)
- alternative oxidase (1)
- alternative splicing (1)
- alveolar macrophages (1)
- alzheimer disease (1)
- ambiguity (1)
- amblyopia (1)
- ameloblastoma (1)
- amide proton transfer (1)
- amino acid PET (1)
- amisulpride (1)
- amlexanox (1)
- amoeboid (1)
- amoxicillin/metronidazole (1)
- amygdala (1)
- amygdalin (1)
- amyloid beta-peptides (1)
- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (1)
- anaemia walk-in clinic (1)
- anaesthesia in orthopaedics (1)
- anaesthetics (1)
- anal carcinoma (1)
- analgesia based sedation (1)
- anaphylactic reactions (1)
- anastomotic leakage (1)
- anatomy (1)
- anatomy and histology (1)
- anesthesia (1)
- anesthesiology (1)
- aneurysm (1)
- angio-immunogenic switch (1)
- angioedema control test (1)
- angiokeratoma diffuse (1)
- angioplasty (1)
- angiopoietin-2 (1)
- angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3) (1)
- angiopoietins (1)
- angiostasis (1)
- animal host (1)
- anisotropy (1)
- annual bleeding rate (1)
- anorectal malformation (1)
- anoxygenic phototrophic sulfur bacteria (1)
- antenatal characteristics (1)
- antenatalne značilnosti (1)
- anterior chamber depth changes (1)
- anti-CD3 antibody (1)
- anti-EGFR therapy (1)
- anti-GD2 immunotherapy (1)
- anti-HBc (1)
- anti-bacterial agents (1)
- anti-cancer therapy (1)
- anti-chronic myeloid leukemia (1)
- anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (1)
- anti-diabetes (1)
- anti-epileptic drug (1)
- anti-idiotypes (1)
- anti-inflammatory (1)
- anti-inflammatory agent (1)
- anti-inflammatory agents (1)
- anti-inflammatory drug (1)
- anti-inflammatory effects (1)
- anti-neural autoantibodies (1)
- anti-retroviral agents (1)
- anti-skin aging (1)
- anti-tumor activity (1)
- antiadhesive composites (1)
- antiangiogenic therapy (1)
- antiangiogenic therapy resistance (1)
- antibacterial composites (1)
- antibacterial therapy (1)
- antibiotic (1)
- antibiotic prophylactic therapy (1)
- antibiotic prophylaxis (1)
- antibiotic treatment (1)
- antibiotics (1)
- antibody (1)
- antibody tests (1)
- anticancer agents (1)
- anticholinergic burden (1)
- anticipation (1)
- anticoagulant (1)
- anticoagulants (1)
- anticonvulsant (1)
- anticonvulsant activity (1)
- antidepressants (1)
- antifibrotic therapy (1)
- antifungal activity (1)
- antifungal agents (1)
- antifungal combination therapy (1)
- antifungal host response (1)
- antifungal management (1)
- antifungal prophylaxis (1)
- antigen (1)
- antigen detection (1)
- antigenic variation (1)
- antigens of infectious origin (1)
- antihelix shaping (1)
- antihormone therapy (1)
- antimicrobial activity (1)
- antimicrobial stewardship (1)
- antioxidant activity (1)
- antioxidant defense (1)
- antiproliferative activity (1)
- antireflux surgery (1)
- antiresorptive agents (1)
- antiseizure (1)
- antisense oligonucleotides (1)
- antisynthetase antibodies (1)
- antisynthetase syndrome (1)
- antitumor immunity (1)
- antiviral agents (1)
- antiviral peptide (1)
- antiviral signaling (1)
- anxiety disorders (1)
- aortic aneurysm (1)
- aortic root replacement (1)
- aortic valve repair (1)
- aortic valve stenosis (1)
- aortic valve-sparing (1)
- apex (1)
- aphrodisin (1)
- apical constriction (1)
- apical junction (1)
- apical polarity (1)
- apigenin (1)
- apixaban (1)
- apolipoprotein B (1)
- apoptotic cells (1)
- apparent diffusion constant (1)
- apparent motion (1)
- apps (1)
- aprotinin (1)
- aptamer modeling (1)
- aquaporin 1 (1)
- aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody (1)
- arachidonate 12/15-lipoxygenase (Alox12/15) (1)
- arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (1)
- arachidonic acid (AA) (1)
- arbeitsbedingte Infektionen (1)
- archaea (1)
- archaeosomes (1)
- architecture (1)
- arm (1)
- aromatics (1)
- arsenic trioxide (1)
- arterial hypertension (1)
- arterial stiffness (1)
- artery (1)
- artesunate (ART) (1)
- articular cartilage (1)
- articular chondrocytes (1)
- articulatory motor cortex (1)
- artifacts (1)
- artificial feeding (1)
- artificial intelligence (AI) (1)
- artificial neural networks (1)
- aryl hydrocarbon receptor (1)
- asparaginyl endopepdidase (AEP) (1)
- aspiration (1)
- assay development (1)
- assembly (1)
- assembly factor (1)
- associative memory (1)
- asthma phenotypes (1)
- astrocyte (1)
- astrocyte heterogeneity (1)
- astroglia (1)
- asymmetric hearing (1)
- asymptomatic (1)
- asymptomatic temporal encephaloceles (1)
- at-risk mental state (1)
- ataxia (1)
- ataxia score (1)
- athletes (1)
- athletic training (1)
- atomic power (1)
- atopic dermatitis (1)
- atopy (1)
- atrial septostomy (1)
- atrophy (1)
- attachment (1)
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (1)
- attention modulation (1)
- attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (1)
- attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (1)
- attention-deficit/hyperactivitydisorder (1)
- attractiveness (1)
- atypical EGFR mutations (1)
- audition (1)
- auditory (1)
- auditory development (1)
- auditory fMRI (1)
- auditory language processing (1)
- auditory prediction (1)
- augmentation materials (1)
- authentication (1)
- authorship (1)
- autistic disorder (1)
- auto-structure (1)
- autoantigen (1)
- autobiographical memories (1)
- autogenous tooth roots (1)
- autograft (1)
- autoimmune encephalitis (1)
- autoimmune encephalomyelitis (1)
- autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 2 (1)
- autoimmune thyroiditis (1)
- autoimmune-mediated psychosis (1)
- automated patch-clamp (1)
- automatic environmental tobacco smoke emitter (1)
- automatic handwriting analysis (1)
- automatic scene classification (1)
- automation (1)
- autophagic cell death (1)
- autophagy inhibition (1)
- autophagy-dependent cell death (1)
- autopsy (1)
- autoreactivity (1)
- autovaccine (1)
- avelumab (1)
- aviscumine (1)
- awake surgery (1)
- axon (1)
- azacitidine (1)
- azaindole (1)
- azoospermia (1)
- b-cell lymphomas (1)
- back pain (1)
- back scan (1)
- bacteremia (1)
- bacterial leakage (1)
- bacterial translocation (1)
- bacterial viability (1)
- bacteriophages (1)
- bacterium (1)
- baicalein (1)
- balanced state (1)
- ball (1)
- ballet (1)
- balloon pulmonary angioplasty (1)
- bariatric surgery (1)
- baroreflex (1)
- barriers to implementation (1)
- basal cell carcinoma (1)
- basal insulin (1)
- basic leucine zipper transcription factor ATF-like (1)
- basic mechanisms (1)
- basilar artery occlusion (BAO) (1)
- basonuclin 2 (1)
- bats (1)
- beads (1)
- beam quality correction factors (1)
- behavioral adverse events (1)
- behavioral inhibition (1)
- behavioral performance (1)
- behavioural rhythms (1)
- belimumab (1)
- benchmarking (1)
- bendamustine (1)
- benfooxythiamine (1)
- berotralstat (1)
- best medical treatment (1)
- beta band (1)
- beta blockade (1)
- beta-band activity (1)
- beta-blocker (1)
- beta-lactamases (1)
- beta2-adrenoceptor (1)
- betamethasone dipropionate (1)
- beta‐trace protein (1)
- bicuspid aortic valve (1)
- biglycan (1)
- bilateral (1)
- bile (1)
- bile acids (1)
- bile duct stenosis (1)
- biliary cirrhosis (1)
- binary search procedure (1)
- binaural cochlear implants (1)
- binding (1)
- binocular vision (1)
- bio-absorbable mesh (1)
- bioacoustics (1)
- bioactive lipids (1)
- bioactive phospholipids (1)
- bioactive phytochemicals (1)
- bioactivity (1)
- bioavailability (1)
- biobank (1)
- biochanin A (1)
- biochemical recurrence (1)
- biochemical relapse free survival (1)
- biochemistry (1)
- bioequivalence (1)
- bioimaging (1)
- biological maturation (1)
- biological mesh (1)
- biological transport (1)
- biological treatments (1)
- biologically inspired computing (1)
- biologicals (1)
- biologization (1)
- biomarker study (1)
- biomechanics (1)
- biomolecular analysis (1)
- biopsy naïve (1)
- biorelevant dissolution (1)
- biotin deficiency (1)
- bipolar disorders (1)
- birch pollen allergoid (1)
- bistable (1)
- bladder cancer (BCa) (1)
- bladder dose (1)
- bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex (1)
- bladder neck stenosis (1)
- blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (1)
- bleomycin (1)
- blinatumomab (1)
- blood borne infection (1)
- blood cell mutations (1)
- blood coagulation (1)
- blood coagulation factor XIII (1)
- blood concentrates (1)
- blood consumption (1)
- blood culture (1)
- blood donor (1)
- blood donor screening (1)
- blood flow recovery (1)
- blood hiv rna (1)
- blood loss (1)
- blood safety (1)
- blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (1)
- bloodborne viruses (1)
- bloodstream infections (1)
- blow flies (1)
- blow fly (1)
- blutübertragbare Infektionskrankheiten (1)
- bmal1 (1)
- body dysmorphic disorder (1)
- body posture (1)
- body sway (1)
- body weight distribution (1)
- bone augmentation (1)
- bone barrow (1)
- bone chips (1)
- bone damage (1)
- bone loss (1)
- bone marrow (1)
- bone marrow derived mononuclear cells (1)
- bone marrow metastasis (1)
- bone marrow mononuclear cells (1)
- bone morphogenetic protein-2 (1)
- bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) (1)
- bone substitute material (1)
- bone substitutes (1)
- bone tissue (1)
- bone tissue engineering (1)
- bone tissue regeneration (1)
- bone-marrow (1)
- bone-regeneration (1)
- bone‐screw (1)
- bone–implant interface (1)
- borrelia mayonii (1)
- bottom-up (1)
- bowel dysfunction (1)
- bowel management (1)
- brachytherapy imaging methods (1)
- brain (1)
- brain anatomy (1)
- brain disorders (1)
- brain infection (1)
- brain injury (1)
- brain oscillations (1)
- brain phosphorylome (1)
- brain shift (1)
- brain signal complexity (1)
- brain structure (1)
- brainmass (1)
- brainsize (1)
- branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) (1)
- breakpoint cluster region (1)
- breast (1)
- breast cancer diagnosis (1)
- breast cancer systemic therapy (1)
- breast cancer treatment (1)
- breast tumor (1)
- breech (1)
- broad-range qPCR (1)
- broadly neutralizing antibodies (1)
- bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) protein (1)
- bronchial allergen challenge (1)
- bronchial allergen provocation (1)
- bronchial epithelium (1)
- bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (1)
- bronchodilator (1)
- buccal mucosa (1)
- buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty (1)
- bullying (1)
- bundle (1)
- buparlisib (1)
- burden of disease (1)
- burkholderia (1)
- burkholderia cepacia complex infections (1)
- burns (1)
- butyrylcholinesterase (1)
- bypass (1)
- c-MET (1)
- c-MYC (1)
- c-kit (1)
- c1orf124 (1)
- cBioPortal (1)
- cFLIP (1)
- cGAS-STING (1)
- cHL (1)
- cIAP1 (1)
- cIAP1 BIR (1)
- cIAP1/2 (1)
- cabazitaxel (1)
- cadherin (1)
- caesarean scar (1)
- caesarean section (1)
- calbindin (1)
- calcification score (1)
- calcipotriol (1)
- calcium handling (1)
- calcium-independent phospholipase A2β (1)
- calcium-phosphate-product (1)
- calcium-sensor (1)
- caloric restriction (1)
- calretinin-knock out (1)
- cancer and drug vulnerabilities (1)
- cancer care (1)
- cancer care providers (1)
- cancer cell malignancy (1)
- cancer cells (1)
- cancer drug (1)
- cancer immunobiology (1)
- cancer information (1)
- cancer metastases (1)
- cancer patients (1)
- cancer screening (1)
- cancer surveillance (1)
- candidate genes (1)
- candidemia (1)
- cannabidiol (1)
- cannabinoid receptor type 1 (1)
- cannabinoid receptors (1)
- cannabinoids (1)
- canonical (1)
- canonical/non-canonical (1)
- cap-dependent translation (1)
- car indoor (1)
- carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (CRGN) (1)
- carbon oxides (COx) (1)
- carbon tetrachloride (1)
- carboxyfluorescein (1)
- carcinoma (1)
- cardiac I/R injury (1)
- cardiac arrest (1)
- cardiac autonomic regulation (1)
- cardiac differentiation (1)
- cardiac events (1)
- cardiac ischaemia‐reperfusion (1)
- cardiac magnetic (1)
- cardiac magnetic resonance (1)
- cardiac myocytes (1)
- cardiac regeneration (1)
- cardiac rehabilitation (1)
- cardiac remodeling (1)
- cardiac reprogramming (1)
- cardiocerebral resuscitation (1)
- cardiomegaly (1)
- cardiomyocyte apoptosis (1)
- cardiomyocyte proliferation (1)
- cardiomyocytes (1)
- cardiomyopathy (1)
- cardiopulmonary resuscitation (1)
- cardiothoracic surgery (1)
- cardiovascular diseases (1)
- cardiovascular magnetic resonance (1)
- cardiovascular management (1)
- cardiovascular pharmacology (1)
- cardiovascular precision medicine (1)
- cardiovascular risk factors (1)
- cardiovascular system (1)
- career promotion (1)
- carnitine supplementation (1)
- carotid (1)
- carpal tunnel syndrome (1)
- carrion (1)
- cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (1)
- cartilage trauma (1)
- case reports (1)
- case study (1)
- case-control study (1)
- casein kinase 2 (1)
- caspase 8 (1)
- castration resistance (1)
- cataract surgery workflow (1)
- catecholamine excess (1)
- cathepsin L inhibitor (1)
- catheter (1)
- catheter removal (1)
- catheterization/diagnostic interventional (1)
- causality assessment (1)
- cd4 count determination procedure (1)
- cdk (1)
- cdk2/cyclin A (1)
- ceRNA (1)
- celery (1)
- celiac desease (1)
- cell adhesion (1)
- cell and focal adhesion (1)
- cell barrier integrity (1)
- cell culture (1)
- cell cycle arrest (1)
- cell cycling (1)
- cell differentiation (1)
- cell fate (1)
- cell fusion (1)
- cell growth (1)
- cell heterogeneity (1)
- cell identity (1)
- cell line (1)
- cell lines (1)
- cell proliferation regulating inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (1)
- cell salvage (1)
- cell signaling (1)
- cell survival (1)
- cell survival mechanisms (1)
- cell transplantation (1)
- cellular heterogeneity (1)
- cellular immunology (1)
- cellular inflammatory response (1)
- cellular reaction (1)
- cellular response (1)
- cellular signalling (1)
- cellular therapies (1)
- cellular therapy (1)
- cellular toxicity (1)
- centenarians (1)
- central nervous system infection (1)
- central spasticity (1)
- centrifugation (1)
- ceramide synthase (1)
- ceramide synthase (CERS2/CERS1) (1)
- cerclage (1)
- cerebellar mutism (1)
- cerebello-dentato-thalamo-cortical pathway (1)
- cerebral imaging (1)
- cerebral infarct (1)
- cerebral ischemia (1)
- cerebral metastasis (1)
- cerebral palsy (1)
- cerebral pseudoprogression (1)
- cerebral radiation necrosis (1)
- cerebral sinus and vein thrombosis (CVT) (1)
- cerebral vasospasm (CVS) (1)
- ceritinib (1)
- cerumen (1)
- cervical shortening (1)
- cervical spine (1)
- cervico-thoracic junction (1)
- cetuximab (1)
- cetuximab-bevacizumab therapy sequence (1)
- ch14.18/CHO (1)
- chamomile (1)
- changes immune activation (1)
- channelrhodopsin (1)
- chaperone-mediated autophagy (1)
- chaperones (1)
- characterization (1)
- charged particles (1)
- checklist (1)
- checkpoint inhibition (1)
- checkpoint proteins (1)
- chelation therapy (1)
- chelator (1)
- chemical-induced proximity (1)
- chemoattractant (1)
- chemoconvulsant (1)
- chemoembolization (1)
- chemogenomic set (1)
- chemokine (1)
- chemokine receptor 4 (1)
- chemokine receptors (1)
- chemokines: CYP2D6 model (1)
- chemoprevention (1)
- chemoprotection (1)
- chemorefractory metastatic colorectal cancer (1)
- chemosensory cells (1)
- chemotherapeutic drug resistance (1)
- chemotherapeutics (1)
- chemotherapeutics-treated (1)
- chemotherapy regimen (1)
- chemotherapy-resistance (1)
- chernobyl (1)
- chest injury (1)
- child abuse and neglect (1)
- child maltreatment (1)
- child psychiatry (1)
- childhood (1)
- childhood abuse (1)
- childhood epilepsy (1)
- chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) (1)
- chimeric antigen receptor t-cell therapy (1)
- chimeric antigen receptors (1)
- chinese medicine (1)
- chloroplasts (1)
- cholangiocarcinoma (1)
- cholecystectomy (1)
- cholestasis (1)
- cholinergic system (1)
- cholinesterase (1)
- chondrocyte (1)
- chondrocytes (1)
- chromaffin cell (1)
- chromatin immunoprecipitation (1)
- chromosomal breaks (1)
- chromosomal instability (1)
- chromosomal integration (1)
- chromosomal translocations (1)
- chromosome alignment (1)
- chromosome instability (1)
- chromosome segregation (1)
- chronic (1)
- chronic care (1)
- chronic colitis (1)
- chronic coronary artery disease (1)
- chronic hypoxia (1)
- chronic illness (1)
- chronic infection (1)
- chronic infections (1)
- chronic kidney disease (CKD) (1)
- chronic liver disease (1)
- chronic liver disease (CLD) (1)
- chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) (1)
- chronic total occlusion (1)
- chronic viral hepatitis (1)
- chronobiology (1)
- chronotype (1)
- cigarette smoke (1)
- cigarette strength (1)
- cigarettes (1)
- cigarillos (1)
- cilia (1)
- circadian variation (1)
- circulating miRNA (1)
- circulation (1)
- cisplatin sensitivity (1)
- classical conditioning (1)
- classification (1)
- classification of bone defects (1)
- clean room (1)
- clear cell renal cell carcinoma (1)
- clear cell sarcoma (1)
- clear lens exchange (1)
- clear or almost clear skin (1)
- climate change genomics (1)
- clindamycin (1)
- clinical (1)
- clinical cases (1)
- clinical competency (1)
- clinical decision support (1)
- clinical decision-making (1)
- clinical features (1)
- clinical high at-risk mental state (1)
- clinical history (1)
- clinical management (1)
- clinical node positive (1)
- clinical outcome (1)
- clinical pathways (1)
- clinical practice (1)
- clinical relevance (1)
- clinical stage (1)
- clinical teaching (1)
- clinical tool (1)
- clinically relevant dissolution specifications (1)
- cloacae (1)
- cloacal malformation (1)
- clonal dominance (1)
- clonal haematopoiesis (1)
- clonal hematopoiesis (1)
- clonal transfer (1)
- clopidogrel (1)
- cluster analysis (1)
- cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) (1)
- cluster-randomized controlled trial (1)
- clusteranalysis (1)
- cluttering (1)
- co-crystallization (1)
- coaching (1)
- coagulation (1)
- coauthor ship (1)
- cocaine (1)
- cochlear implants (1)
- coffee (1)
- cognitive ability (1)
- cognitive aging (1)
- cognitive control (1)
- cognitive decline (1)
- cognitive deficits (1)
- cognitive fluency (1)
- cognitive functions (1)
- cognitive impairment (CI) (1)
- cognitive interventions (1)
- cognitive models (1)
- cognitive states (1)
- cognitively stimulating leisure activities (1)
- cohort study (1)
- cold atmospheric plasma (1)
- cold induced pain (1)
- cold tolerance (1)
- colitis (1)
- collaborative feedback (1)
- collagen I (1)
- collagen VI (1)
- collagen adhesion (1)
- collagen degradation marker (1)
- collagen membranes (1)
- collagen type I (1)
- collagen-based biomaterial (1)
- collagen-based matrix (1)
- collateral growth (1)
- collateral sprouting (1)
- collective cell migration (1)
- collective dynamics (1)
- colloid (1)
- colon cancer cells (1)
- colon carcinoma (1)
- colonization (1)
- colony formation (1)
- colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM) (1)
- column chromatography (1)
- combination (1)
- combination immunotherapy (1)
- combination therapies (1)
- combination treatment (1)
- combined immunodeficiency (1)
- combined modality therapy (1)
- common genetic variation (1)
- common neighbor (1)
- common variant (1)
- common variants (1)
- communication (1)
- community violence exposure (1)
- compaction (1)
- comparative pathology (1)
- comparative study (1)
- competitive peptide (1)
- complement dependent cytotoxicity (1)
- complement; patients (1)
- complementary information (1)
- complementary psychosocial care (1)
- complementary/alternative medicine (CAM) (1)
- complete response (1)
- complex I deficiency (1)
- complex coronary interventions (1)
- complexity theory (1)
- compound screen (1)
- comprehensive care (1)
- computational biology (1)
- computational functional genomics (1)
- computational intelligence (1)
- computational knowledge-discovery (1)
- computational modeling (1)
- computational models (1)
- computational neuroimaging (1)
- computational pathology (1)
- computational techniques (1)
- computer tomography (1)
- computer vision (1)
- computer-assisted drug therapy (1)
- concentric (1)
- concurrent (1)
- concurrent TMS--fMRI (1)
- conditioning (1)
- conduit (1)
- cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) (1)
- cone-beam computer tomography (1)
- confidence (1)
- congenic mice (1)
- congenital deafness (1)
- congenital diaphragmatic hernia (1)
- congenital disorders of autophagy (1)
- congenital duodenal obstruction (1)
- congruency (1)
- conical coupling (1)
- connectional fingerprint (1)
- connective tissue graft (1)
- connective tissue growth factor (1)
- conometric connection (1)
- conotoxin (1)
- consciousness (1)
- consensus classification (1)
- consensus data set (1)
- consensus paper (1)
- conservative dentistry (1)
- consolidation treatment (1)
- contact heat evoked potentials (CHEPS) (1)
- contact lens solution (1)
- contamination (1)
- continuing education (1)
- continuity of care (1)
- continuous glucose monitoring (1)
- contraception (1)
- contralateral delay activity (1)
- control of menstrual bleeding (1)
- controlled nuclear import (1)
- conventional laparoscopic (1)
- conventional/traditional transarterial chemoembolization (cTACE) (1)
- convolution neural network (1)
- cooling deactivation (1)
- cooling period (1)
- coordination (1)
- copeptin (1)
- copper free strain-promoted azide alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC) (1)
- copy number polymorphism (1)
- cord clamping (1)
- core expression (1)
- cornea donor (1)
- corneas (1)
- coronally advanced flap (1)
- coronary (1)
- coronary artery bypass surgery (1)
- coronary calcium (1)
- coronary computed-tomography angiography (CCTA) (1)
- coronary disease (1)
- coronary imaging (1)
- coronary plaques (1)
- coronavirus disease 2019 (1)
- correlation (1)
- corrosion (1)
- cortex, gray matter (1)
- cortex-based alignment (1)
- cortical folding (1)
- cortical impact (1)
- cortical layers and areas (1)
- cortical malformation (1)
- cortical network (1)
- cortical networks (1)
- cortical slices (1)
- cortical thickness (1)
- corticomuscular coherence (CMC) (1)
- corticospinal tracts (1)
- corticosteroid drugs (1)
- corticosteroids (1)
- cost analysis (1)
- cost containment (1)
- cost of illness (1)
- cost-of-illness (1)
- costimulation (1)
- costs (1)
- counseling (1)
- counselling (1)
- coupling (1)
- courting behavior (1)
- covalent drugs (1)
- cranberry (1)
- crestal bone loss (1)
- crime scene (1)
- crista junction (1)
- cristae (1)
- criteria (1)
- critical care unit (1)
- critical ill patients (1)
- critical periods (1)
- critical-size defect (1)
- cross reactivity (1)
- cross-border (1)
- cross-communication (1)
- cross-frequency coupling (1)
- cross-linking (1)
- cross-modal (1)
- cross-modal plasticity (1)
- cross-sectional study (1)
- crowns (1)
- cryoelectron microscopy (1)
- cryogenic electron microscopy (1)
- cryotherapy (1)
- crystalloid (1)
- culpa asociada a trauma (1)
- cultural and social transformation of sexuality (1)
- cumulative dose (1)
- curriculum (1)
- cutaneous T cell lymphoma (1)
- cuticular hydrocarbons (1)
- cyclic depsipeptide (1)
- cyclic nucleotide analogues (1)
- cyclic nucleotide binding proteins (1)
- cyclin D1 (1)
- cyclin Y (1)
- cycling (1)
- cyclins (1)
- cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1) (1)
- cyclooxygenase 2 (1)
- cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) (1)
- cyclooxygenase-2 (1)
- cyclopentenone prostaglandins (1)
- cyclophilin A (1)
- cyclophosphamide (1)
- cyclosporine (1)
- cys-loop receptor (1)
- cystatin C (1)
- cytarabin (1)
- cytarabine dose (1)
- cytochrome P450 (1)
- cytochrome P450 enzymes (1)
- cytochrome P450 reductase (1)
- cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV) (1)
- cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) (1)
- cytokine gene expression (1)
- cytokine release syndrome (1)
- cytokine storm (1)
- cytokine(s) (1)
- cytokine, angiogenesis (1)
- cytoskeleton (1)
- cytosolic free calcium (1)
- cytotoxic T lymphocyte (1)
- cytotoxic immunotherapy (1)
- cytotoxic lymphocytes (1)
- dNTP pools (1)
- dabigatran (1)
- daily activity protocols (1)
- damage associated molecular pattern (1)
- damage-associated molecular pattern (1)
- dance teacher (1)
- dapagliflozin (1)
- data analysis (1)
- data management (1)
- data modeling (1)
- data quality (1)
- data quality check (1)
- data repositories (1)
- data sharing (1)
- day clinic (1)
- de novo transcription (1)
- deaf white cat (1)
- death (1)
- death rates (1)
- death receptor (1)
- debridement (1)
- debris (1)
- decision aids (1)
- decision support systems (1)
- decision tree (1)
- decision-making (1)
- declaration of tobacco ingredients (1)
- decomposition (1)
- decompressive craniectomy (1)
- deconvolution (1)
- decorin (1)
- decorrelation (1)
- dedifferentiation (1)
- deep learning (1)
- deep mutational scanning (1)
- deep neural network (1)
- deep sedation (1)
- deep vein thrombosis (1)
- default mode network (1)
- defect configuration (1)
- deferred treatment (1)
- degradation (1)
- delayed auditory feedback (1)
- delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) (1)
- delayed cholecystectomy (1)
- delayed diagnosis (1)
- delayed treatment (1)
- delayed wound healing (1)
- deletion 5q (1)
- delivery mode (1)
- delta (1)
- delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (1)
- demineralized bone matrix (1)
- dendrite (1)
- dendrite morphogenesis (1)
- dendritic cell (1)
- dendritic cell–tumor cell fusion (1)
- dendritic inhibition (1)
- denervation (1)
- dengue vector (1)
- density equalizing mapping (1)
- dental abutment (1)
- dental academic degrees (1)
- dental educationcation (1)
- dental emergency treatment (1)
- dental health professional (1)
- dental school (1)
- dental treatment concept (1)
- dentin adhesives (1)
- dentistry (1)
- dentist’s chair design (1)
- depolymerization (1)
- depressive symptoms (1)
- depressive symptoms clusters (1)
- deprivation (1)
- deproteinized bovine bone matrix (DBBM) (1)
- depth perception (1)
- dermatology (1)
- dermatomes (1)
- desmoplastic small round cell tumor (1)
- desmoplastic stroma (1)
- deswelling (1)
- detection task (1)
- deubiquitinating enzyme (1)
- deubiquitinating enzymes (1)
- deubiquitylation (deubiquitination) (1)
- devastated bladder outlet (1)
- device handling (1)
- diabetes complication (1)
- diabetes therapy (1)
- diabetic macular edema (1)
- diabetic neuropathy (1)
- diagnostic biomarkers (1)
- diagnostic imaging (1)
- diagnostic method (1)
- diagnostic test (1)
- diagnostic window (1)
- diagnostisches Fenster (1)
- dialysis (1)
- diarrhoeal disease (1)
- diastolic function (1)
- diclofenac (1)
- differential expression (1)
- differentiated thyroid carcinoma (1)
- diffuse large B cell lymphoma (1)
- diffuse low-grade glioma (1)
- diffuse marrow involvement (1)
- diffusion MRI (1)
- diffusion microstructure (1)
- diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) (1)
- diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (1)
- digestive tract (1)
- digital age determination (1)
- digital decision-support (1)
- digital one-piece casting (1)
- digital pathology (1)
- digital pressing technology (1)
- digital workflow (1)
- dihydrocannabidiol (1)
- dihydroceramides (1)
- dimethylfumarate (1)
- dipeptide (1)
- diphtheria toxin (1)
- diplopia (1)
- direct antiviral (1)
- direct antiviral agents (1)
- direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment (1)
- direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) (1)
- directed disulfide bond formation (1)
- directed forgetting (1)
- directly acting antiviral agents (1)
- disasters (1)
- discoidin domain-containing receptor (1)
- discomfort/pain (1)
- discontinuation (1)
- discontinuous dose dependency (1)
- disease modelling (1)
- disease outbreaks (1)
- disease vectors (1)
- disease-free survival (1)
- disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (1)
- disease-modifying therapy (1)
- disordered iron metabolism (1)
- disposable insulin pens (1)
- disruptive behaviour disorder (1)
- dissemination (1)
- dissimilatory sulfite reductase (1)
- distal pronephric outlet obstruction (1)
- distraction (1)
- distributed analysis (1)
- distributed computation (1)
- diuretics (1)
- diurnal (1)
- dobutamine stress (1)
- docetaxel (DX) resistance (1)
- docking studies (1)
- doctoral degrees (1)
- dog study (1)
- donor deferral (1)
- donor recruitment (1)
- donor retention (1)
- donor safety (1)
- dopamine transporter (1)
- doppler (1)
- dorsal attention network (1)
- dorsal auditory stream (1)
- dose response curve (1)
- dosimetry (1)
- dosing accuracy (1)
- double immune checkpoint inhibition (1)
- double inversion recovery (DIR) (1)
- double negative (1)
- double orifice mitral valve (1)
- double-pigtail stents (1)
- doublecortin (1)
- downgrading (1)
- drilling tool design (1)
- drinking (1)
- drospirenone (1)
- drug (1)
- drug abstinence (1)
- drug delivery (1)
- drug hepatotoxicity (1)
- drug interaction (1)
- drug metabolism and distribution (1)
- drug repurposing (1)
- drug resistance and invasiveness (1)
- drug screening (1)
- drug targets (1)
- drug therapy (1)
- drug-coated balloon (1)
- drug-eluting balloon (1)
- drug-eluting beads TACE (DEB-TACE) (1)
- drug-induced liver injury (DILI) (1)
- druggable genome (1)
- drugs (1)
- drug‐resistant epilepsy (1)
- drug–drug interactions (1)
- drug–gene interactions (1)
- drug–g–gene interactions (1)
- dsr genes (1)
- dual antiplatelet therapy (1)
- dual bronchodilators (1)
- dual-energy (1)
- dynamic 18F-FDG PET/CT (1)
- dynamic causal modeling (1)
- dynamic connectivity (1)
- dynamic stimuli (1)
- dynamic system (1)
- dysbetalipoproteinemia (1)
- dysbiosis (1)
- dysferlin (1)
- dysferlinopathy (1)
- dysfibrinogenemia (1)
- dyssynchrony analysis (1)
- e-Health (1)
- e-Learning (1)
- e-scooter (1)
- eLearning (1)
- eNOS (1)
- eNPP2 (1)
- ePTFE membrane (1)
- early cholecystectomy (1)
- early continence (1)
- early detection (1)
- early epilepsy (1)
- early infection (1)
- early loss (1)
- early myocardial damage (EMD) (1)
- early onset (1)
- early recognition (1)
- early tumor stages (1)
- early-onset prostate cancer (1)
- eccentric (1)
- echo planar imaging (1)
- economy (1)
- ectopic pregnancy (1)
- edema (1)
- edentulous (1)
- editorials (1)
- edoxaban (1)
- educational cases (1)
- educational measurement (1)
- educational theory (1)
- effect mechanism (1)
- effective lens position (1)
- effectiveness (1)
- efferocytosis (1)
- efficiency (1)
- efflux pump (1)
- egg sampling (1)
- egr-1 (1)
- eicosanoid (1)
- eight disorders (1)
- ejection fraction (EF) (1)
- elastin (1)
- electric scooter (1)
- electrical coupling (1)
- electrical stimulation (1)
- electroanatomical mapping (1)
- electroconvulsive therapy (1)
- electrode design (1)
- electroencephalography (EEG) (1)
- electroencephalography (EEG), EEG reference choices, event-related potentials (ERP), independent component analysis (ICA), pain research, contact heat evoked potentials (CHEPS) (1)
- electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (EMN, ENB) (1)
- electron transfer (1)
- electron transfer chain (1)
- electronic adherence measurement (1)
- electronic diaries (1)
- electronic pen (1)
- electrophiles (1)
- electrophilic fatty acids (1)
- electrophoresis (1)
- element speciation (1)
- eligibility (1)
- elite athlete (1)
- elite athletes (1)
- eltrombopag (1)
- embodiment (1)
- embolization (1)
- emergence (1)
- emergent self-organizing maps (1)
- emicizumab (1)
- emotion (1)
- emotional climate (1)
- emotional information processing (1)
- empagliflozin (1)
- empowerment (1)
- emulsion diffusion (1)
- enamel matrix derivatives (1)
- encephalopathy (1)
- encoding strategies (1)
- end of life care (1)
- endocarditis (1)
- endodontic curriculum (1)
- endodontic education (1)
- endodontics (1)
- endogenous clock (1)
- endometrial cancer (1)
- endometriosis (1)
- endophytes (1)
- endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (1)
- endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (1)
- endoscopy (1)
- endothelial activation (1)
- endothelial barrier (1)
- endothelial dysfunction (1)
- endothelial function (1)
- endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (1)
- endothelial receptor expression (1)
- endothelial to mesenchymal transition (1)
- endothelin (1)
- endothelin receptor type A antagonist (1)
- endothelium (1)
- endotoxemia (1)
- endotoxins (1)
- endourology (1)
- endovascular recanalization (1)
- endovascular thrombectomy (1)
- enforced viral replication (1)
- english (1)
- ensemble cNN (1)
- enterobacter infections; pseudomonas aeruginosa; epidemiology (1)
- enterovirus (1)
- entomological evidence (1)
- envelope technique (1)
- environment (1)
- enzyme activity assay (1)
- eosinophil cationic protein (1)
- eosinophilic cholangitis (1)
- eosinophils (1)
- epidermis (1)
- epididymitis (1)
- epidural (1)
- epigenetic memory (1)
- epigenome (1)
- epigenomics (1)
- epilepsy surgery (1)
- epileptic encephalopathies (1)
- epiregulin (1)
- episodic memory (1)
- epithelial cells (1)
- epithelial mesenchymal transition (1)
- epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) (1)
- epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (1)
- epitope mapping (1)
- epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (1)
- erastin (1)
- ergometry (1)
- erosions (1)
- erythropoiesis (1)
- erythropoietin (1)
- erythropoietin (EPO) (1)
- escape mutations (1)
- essential thrombocythemia (ET) (1)
- essential tremor (1)
- esterification (1)
- estrogen (1)
- ethanol (1)
- ethical trade-off (1)
- ethnicity (1)
- ethyl pyruvate (1)
- eutheria (1)
- evaluation practice (1)
- event logs (1)
- event-based (1)
- event-related potential (1)
- event-related potentials (ERP) (1)
- everyday life (1)
- everyday tasks (1)
- evidence-based guideline (1)
- evoked response (1)
- ex vivo expansion (1)
- ex vivo model (1)
- ex vivo stimulation (1)
- ex-Gaussian analysis (1)
- excess fluid volume (1)
- excitability (1)
- exclusion of very low profiles (1)
- executive control (1)
- executive functions (1)
- exercise on prescription (1)
- exercise physiology (1)
- exercise testing (1)
- exercise training (1)
- exome sequencing (1)
- exosome (1)
- experimental human pain models (1)
- experimental pain models (1)
- expert review (1)
- expert witness statement (1)
- explainable AI (1)
- exponential model (1)
- exposure (1)
- expressed emotion (1)
- expression studies (1)
- extensive surgery (1)
- extensively drug-resistant (1)
- external fixation (1)
- external joint moments (1)
- extracellular chromatin (1)
- extracellular signal-regulated kinase (1)
- extracting solvents (1)
- extraction socket healing (1)
- extraskeletal (1)
- extremity (1)
- eye movement (1)
- eye movements (1)
- eye tracking (1)
- eye tracking (ET) (1)
- eye-tracking (1)
- fMLP (1)
- face (1)
- face inversion effect (1)
- face-name association task (1)
- facial EMG (1)
- facial emotion recognition (1)
- facial expressions of emotion (1)
- facial muscle activity (1)
- facial nerve functional outcome (1)
- facial prosthesis (1)
- factor IX (1)
- factor V Leiden mutation (1)
- factor VIII (1)
- factor VIII (FVIII) (1)
- factor XIII (1)
- faecal microbiota transfer (1)
- falls (1)
- false memory (1)
- familial amyloid nephropathy with urticaria and deafness (1)
- familial colorectal cancer (1)
- familial infantile epilepsy (1)
- family-friendly universities (1)
- famotidine (1)
- fasting insulin (1)
- fat (1)
- fat grafting (1)
- fat pad resection (1)
- fatty acid (1)
- fatty acid elongase (Elovl1/4/5) (1)
- fatty acid synthesis (1)
- fatty acids (1)
- fear conditioning (1)
- fear extinction (1)
- fear generalization (1)
- fear learning (1)
- feasibility study (1)
- febrile neutropenia (1)
- fecal incontinence (1)
- fecal microbiota transfer (1)
- fecal occult blood test (1)
- federated feasibility queries (1)
- feedback control (1)
- feeder cells (1)
- feeding (1)
- female health (1)
- females (1)
- femoropopliteal segment (1)
- ferret (1)
- ferric derisomaltose (1)
- ferroportin (1)
- ferroptosis (1)
- ferumoxytol (1)
- fetal loss (1)
- fetal weight estimation (1)
- fiber orientations (1)
- fibre tracking (1)
- fibrin (1)
- fibrin-glue-spray technique (1)
- fibroblast (1)
- fibrocytes (1)
- fibrogenesis (1)
- fibromodulin (1)
- fibronectin (1)
- fibrosarcoma (1)
- fibrosis imaging (1)
- fibrotest (1)
- fidaxomicin (1)
- finger tapping (1)
- fingolimod (1)
- first-line chemotherapy (1)
- first-time shoulder dislocation (1)
- fitness (1)
- fixation (1)
- fixed partial dentures (1)
- fizička aktivnost; (1)
- flavivirus entry factor (1)
- fluid (1)
- fluid shear stress (1)
- fluocinolone acetonide (1)
- fluorescence (1)
- fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) (1)
- fluorescent dye (1)
- fluorine (1)
- focal adhesion kinase (1)
- focal cortical dysplasia (1)
- focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) (1)
- focal seizures (1)
- follow‑up (1)
- fondaparinux (1)
- fondaparinux sodium (1)
- foreign body reaction (1)
- forensics (1)
- formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPE) (1)
- formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples (1)
- formula diet (1)
- fortgeschritten (1)
- fourth (1)
- fractional anisotropy (1)
- fractionation (1)
- fracture strength (1)
- fracture strength equation (1)
- fragile-X-associated tremor-ataxia syndrome (1)
- fragment screening (1)
- fragment-size analyses (ACE2; CQ11) (1)
- free flap (1)
- free gingival graft (1)
- free leptin index (FLI) (1)
- freeze avoidance (1)
- frequency of attacks (1)
- fresh frozen plasma (1)
- frontal cortex (1)
- fronto-temporal lobar dementia (1)
- fronto-temporal-lobar-dementia (1)
- frontotemporal dementia (1)
- frontotemporal lobar degeneration (1)
- full-arch restoration (1)
- full-contour crown restorations (1)
- full-contour zirconia (1)
- fully human (1)
- fumonisin B1 (1)
- function (1)
- function, sorting (1)
- functional MRI (1)
- functional connectome acute (1)
- functional imaging (1)
- functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) (1)
- fundoplication (1)
- fungal infection (1)
- fungal pathogens (1)
- fungal sinusitis (1)
- fungal sugar (1)
- fungi (1)
- fungus (1)
- furcation involvement (1)
- further education (1)
- fusion kinase (1)
- fäkaler okkulter Stuhltest (1)
- gRNA library (1)
- gadobutrol (1)
- gadolinium (1)
- gadolinium enhancing lesion (1)
- gadolinium‐based contrast agent (1)
- gait symmetry (1)
- galactography (1)
- galactomannan (1)
- galactomosynthesis (1)
- gallbladder cancer (1)
- gallbladder cancer xenografts (1)
- gallstone disease (1)
- galunisertib monohydrate (LY2157299) (1)
- gangliosides (1)
- gap junction protein alpha 4-genotype (1)
- gargle lavage (1)
- gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (1)
- gasotransmitters (1)
- gastric (1)
- gastric surgery (1)
- gastro-oesophageal junction cancer (1)
- gastroesophageal reflux (1)
- gastrointestinal (1)
- gastrointestinal stromal tumours (1)
- gastrointestinal tract (1)
- gefitinib (1)
- gel (1)
- gel spacer injection (1)
- gender difference (1)
- gender differences (1)
- gender dysphoria (1)
- gender equality (1)
- gender equality plan (1)
- gender studies (1)
- gender-affirming hormone therapy (1)
- gene delivery (1)
- gene expression analysis (1)
- gene expression profiling (1)
- gene expression profiling (GEP) (1)
- gene vectors (1)
- general anaesthesia (1)
- general practitioner (1)
- general practitioners (1)
- generic preparedness (1)
- genes (1)
- genetic generalized epilepsy (1)
- genetic markers (1)
- genetic phenotypes (1)
- genetic polymorphisms (1)
- genetic predisposition (1)
- genetic rearrangements (1)
- genetic variability (1)
- genetic variants (1)
- genetically caused iron imbalance (1)
- genetics and genomics (1)
- gene×environment interactions (1)
- genome editing (1)
- genome-wide (1)
- genome-wide association study (1)
- genomic classifiers (1)
- genotype (1)
- genotype G (1)
- genotype determination (1)
- geriatric medicine (1)
- geriatric patients (1)
- geriatrics (1)
- germ cell tumors (1)
- germinal center (1)
- gestational hypertension (1)
- gingival recession therapy (1)
- gland extracts (1)
- glecaprevir (1)
- glial activation (1)
- glial fibrillary acidic protein (1)
- glioblastoma (GBM) (1)
- glioblastoma cells (1)
- glioblastoma stem-like cells (1)
- glioblastoma survival (1)
- glioma microenvironment (1)
- glioma stem-like cells (1)
- glioma-associated oncogene homolog (1)
- gliomas (1)
- gliomatosis cerebri growth pattern (1)
- global diversity (1)
- global health (1)
- global mapping (1)
- global warming (1)
- globosides (1)
- glomerulus (1)
- glucocorticoid (1)
- glucocorticoids (1)
- glucosamine (1)
- glucose (1)
- glucose and lipid metabolism (1)
- glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (1)
- glucosylceramide (1)
- glucosylceramides (1)
- glutamate (1)
- glutamate metabolism (1)
- glutamine (1)
- glycation (1)
- glycobiology (1)
- glycoconjugate (1)
- glycoproteins (1)
- glycosaminoglycan (1)
- glycosyltransferase (1)
- gold nanoparticles (1)
- good manufacturing practice (1)
- gossypol (1)
- governance (1)
- gp100 (1)
- graft (1)
- graft perfusion (1)
- graft rejection (1)
- graft-versus host (1)
- graft-versus-host disease (1)
- graft-versus-tumor effect (1)
- graft-vs-host disease (1)
- gram-negative bacteria (1)
- granule polarization (1)
- granulocyte (1)
- granulocytecolony stimulating factor (1)
- granulocytemacrophage colony-stimulating factor (1)
- granuloma (1)
- granulomas (1)
- granulomatous inflammation (1)
- graphic 3D models (1)
- gravity (1)
- gray matter (1)
- gray matter changes (1)
- gray‐white matter blurring (1)
- great height (1)
- green fluorescent protein (1)
- green tea extract (1)
- grey matter volume (1)
- grinding (1)
- grisel syndrome (1)
- grounded theory (1)
- growth hormone (1)
- guanidine alkaloid (1)
- guidance (1)
- guided tissue regeneration (1)
- guinea pig (1)
- gut microbiota (1)
- gyrification (1)
- h-index (1)
- hMOF/KAT8 (1)
- haNK (1)
- habitat (1)
- habituation (1)
- haematologic malignancies (1)
- haemophilic arthropathy (1)
- haemostasis (1)
- hair cell (1)
- hand area (1)
- hanging donors (1)
- haplo-identical (1)
- haploidentical (1)
- harassment (1)
- harmine (1)
- harmonization (1)
- hatching (1)
- head to head (1)
- head zones (1)
- head-and-neck cancer (1)
- head-to-head (1)
- headache (1)
- health apps (1)
Institute
- Medizin (5330) (remove)
The question of athrepsia
(1911)
Emil Sioli †
(1923)
1. Electron micrographs of ultra-thin sections of Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus lysodeikticus in Vestopal as embedding medium disclose a multiplicity of DNA containing threads with varying interparticular distances.
2. The diameter of these threads is about one tenth of the average optimal section thickness.
3. This section thickness inevitably is implicated in the visualization of the internal distances between the threads as well as in some common trends in the DNA pool, a fact that has to be accounted for in the analysis of the macromolecules.
4. By spreading lysozyme protoplasts of M. lysodeikticus on a water-air interface in a Langmuir trough and by transferring this surface layer to carbon supported Formvar films, two-dimensional systems can be demonstrated which as a thread of constant width comprise the total DNA content of one microorganism each.
5. Such a macromolecular system shows equally shaped, coiled loops in a peripheral zone and many crossings towards the center. Branching of threads never has been observed so far.
From this evidence we conlude:
a) Intracellular DNA in these bacteria seems to exist in one pool as a “woolen ball” which is centered in the cytoplasm as a more or less dense object.
b) This “woolen ball“ embodies the total amount of DNA most probably as one single threadlike unit.
6. Partial destruction of the thread system of protoplasts will result upon changing optimal spreading conditions.
7. The same kind of destruction is shown upon isolation of the DNA from protoplasts, the length of the threads being an inverse function of the number of precipitation steps showing purification.
The norepinephrine content of adipose tissue is shown to be very different in various animal species and different sites of origin, ranging from 0.03-1.4 μg/g. Adipose tissue also contains considerable amounts of serotonin (0.01-1.04 μg/g) and histamine (0.1-13.6 μ/g). Changes in the norepinephrine content of adipose tissue after the injection of either reserpine analogues or monoamine oxidase inhibitors followed a pattern similar to that found in the heart and brain, indicating that the storage mechanism in these organs is basically the same. In contrast to norepinephrine, serotonin in adipose tissue is rather resistant toward depletion by reserpine. Adipose tissue also contains monoamine oxidase and catechol-O-methyl-transferase activity, which are usually highest in tissues also rich in norepinephrine.
A new NAD⊕-isomer was prepared, in which the ᴅ-ribose of the adenosine moiety was sub stituted by the enantiomeric ʟ-ribose. As compared to nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide (NAD⊕) and NADH the coenzyme isomer (ᴅ,ʟ)-NAD⊕ and its dihydroform (ᴅ,ʟ)-NADH are far less tightly bound to lactate dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase from horse liver. In the presence of the second substrate (ᴅ,ʟ)-NAD⊕ and (ᴅ,ʟ)-NADH act as hydrogen acceptor and hydrogen donator, respectively, with lactate dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenases from horse liver and yeast. Compared to NAD⊕ and NADH the Michaelis constants are always increased, the catalytic constants (V/Et) were found to be decreased except for the dihydroform reacting with alcohol dehydrogenase from liver.
Sulfhydryl Groups, Methylmercury Containing Inactivator, Coenzyme Analogue Nicotinamide-(S-methylmercury-thioinosine) dinucleotide was formed by reaction of nicotin amide-(6-thiopurine) dinucleotide with methylmercury chloride. The compound exhibits coenzyme properties in the test with LDH (Km=1.5 × 10-4 м , Vmax=12500) and LADH (Km=1.7 × 10-4 м, Vmax=27) and inactivates YADH and GAPDH. From incubations with LDH and LADH the mercury containing coenzyme could be regained by column chromatography. The compound seems to be qualified for the X-ray structure analysis of the coenzyme-enzyme complex for some dehyrogenases based on the proportion of the heavy metal.
Calcification, Collagen Membrane, Ca/P Ratio Dependence Spontaneous calcification of a membrane made of native collagen has been investigated. The method permits independent variation of calcium and phosphate concentrations. With increasing phosphate concentration the precipitation of calcium-phosphate on the collogen occurs at a conspicuously lower calcium concentration as with a number of other membranes.
Membrane-Phloretin Interaction, Infrared Raman, ESR Spectroscopy The transport inhibitor phloretin was bound to human red cell membrane and the concomitant structural changes were observed by spectroscopic methods. By the spin labeling method a decrease in fluidity of the membrane was found at 1 and 10 |iM concentrations of the reagent. This result was obtained with the 2-(3-Carboxypropyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-tridecyl-3-oxazolidinyloxyl, and the 2-(14-Carboxytetradecyl)-2-ethyl-4,4-dimethyl-3-oxazolidinyloxyl lipid spin labels. Infrared spectroscopy of modified membranes revealed an intensity increase of the POO~ band at about 1250 cm-1. Moreover, a shift of the peak at 1050 cm -1 to 1100 cm-1 was observed in the presence of phloretin. Raman spectroscopy of the membranes did not contradict the results found with infrared and ESR spectroscopy: In the phloretin modified membrane we observed a lack of the band at 1085 cm-1, which leads to suggest that the POO" and/or C-C regions are less fluid. Changes of the extracted red cell membrane lipids were less characteristic, and the results differed from those found in red cell membrane.
1-anilino-naphthalene-8-sulfonate (ANS) fluorescence measurements have revealed that red blood cell membrane of the Rhnull type undergoes a transition at about 16 degrees C. In contrast, viscosity measurements of the extracted membrane lipids showed the usually observed transition at about 18 degrees C. Lower values of titratable sulfhydryl (SH) groups were observed in Rhnull membrane using 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitro-benzoic-acid) (Nbs2). In contrast, disulfide bonds in Rhnull membrane were estimated to be about 3 times the value of the controls. Spin labeling experiments using 2-(3-carboxypropyl)-4, 4 dimethyl-2-tridecyl 3-oxazolidinyloxyl were carried out with phospholipase A2 modified membranes. The mobile part of the spectra was significantly increased on the Rhnull membrane. In the presence of D-glucose, infrared spectrometry showed a larger reduction of the intensity of the POO-band in Rhnull membrane. In contrast to controls, binding of the reagent diethylpyrocarbonate resulted in no significant changes of the Rhnull membrane as determined by electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements. D-glucose transport activity was found to be at the upper level of a group of Rh positive and Rh negative persons. It is suggested that the intensity of the polar protein-lipid interaction is reduced in Rhnull membrane.
pH-titrations with NADH show two ionizable groups in mitochondrial and cytoplasmic malate dehydrogenase, the first with a pKa in the range 6.8 -8.3 for the mitochondrial and 6.4-7.8 for the cytoplasmic enzyme, the second with a lower limit at 10.2 resp. 11. Comparison with bis-(dihydronicotinamide)-dinucleotide and dihydronicotina-mide-ribosyl-P2-ribose-pyrophosphate instead of NADH indicates that the second alkaline ionization is caused by a residue placed near the adenine binding site of the active centre of the two isoenzymes. Binding studies with NADH and NAD+ give evidence for the participation of a group in the mitochondrial enzyme with pKa 6.8, deprotonation of which is necessary for detectable association of NAD+. In contrast the fixation of NAD+ to the cytoplasmic enzyme is independent of pH.
Studies on the transport of anions and zwitterions of acidic amino acids in Streptomyces hydrogenans
(1983)
n Streptomyces hydrogenans, acidic amino acfds are taken up either as anions by a specific transport system or as zwitterions via a nonspecific one. Variations in the zwitterion concentration caused by changes in pH influence the uptake and exchange diffusion by the nonspecific system. Differences in pH-optima for ʟ-glutamate and ʟ-aspartate transport are due to the different pK2-values of these amino acids. The anion transport by the specific system is accompanied by a short hyperpolarization of the membrane potential followed by a secondary influx of potassium ions into the cells.
[4-(3-Bromoacetylpyridinio)-butyl]adenosine pyrophosphate as a structural analog of NAD+ reacts covalently with the sulfhydryl groups of thiopropyl agarose. 10-20 μmol can be bound to 1 ml gel. Stabilization of the insoluble coenzym e is attained by treatment with sodium boro hydride (NaBH4). This complex when applied to column chromatography, allow s the separation of various dehydrogenases as a result of their different complex stability coefficients. Alcohol dehydrogenase from liver, lactate dehydrogenase, and adenylate kinase, which all bind to the ADP-analog residues of the gel matrix, can thus be separated by different salt gradients. Alcohol dehydrogenase from yeast, however, does not form a complex and can easily be eluted from the column with phosphate buffer. Glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate and aldehyde dehydrogenases can be eluted by the addition of NAD+ or NADH to the buffer. The uncharged 1,4-dihydropyridin ring of the reduced coenzyme produces a more stable complex with the dehydrogenases than the oxidized form.
The recently developed stereospecific sodium salt glycosylation procedure has been successfully applied to the synthesis of the β-ᴅ-2′-deoxyribofuranosides of benzimidazole, 5,6-dihalogeno benzimidazoles, and some 2-substituted analogues in high yield. The 5,6-dibromo analogue was obtained by bromination of the parent nucleoside. These have all been characterized by spectroscopic methods, including 1H NMR, which permitted analyses of their solution conformations and comparison with those of the corresponding ribofuranosides. Some biological aspects, including preliminary results on cytotoxicity and antiviral activity, are briefly considered.
By means of differential thermoanalysis, the miscibility of the main polar tetraether lipid of Thermoplasma acidophilum with two ester lipids, dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine and dipalmitoyl phosphatidylglycerol, resp., in the presence of excess water was studied. It is shown that with increasing fraction of tetraether lipid in the mixture, the transition range of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine is broadened and the temperature of the maximum heat flow (Tm) is shifted to lower temperatures; furthermore, the enthaply change (ΔH) of the transition declines. Similar results were obtained with mixtures of tetraether lipid with dipalmitoyl phosphatidylglycerol. It is therefore concluded that the main polar tetraether lipid of Thermoplasma acidophilum , which essentially forms monomolecular layers, is able to form stable common phases with bilayer-forming ester lipids. Miscibility of the tetraether lipid with dipalmitoyl phosphatidylglycerol, which are both monovalent anions at neutral pH, is also observed in the presence of high proton or calcium ion concentrations.
(±)-Aeroplysinin-1, an optically active 1.2-dihydroarene-1.2-diol. was isolated from the marine sponges Verongia aerophoba (+-isomer) and lanthella ardis (--isomer). For the experiments presented we used the +-isomer from Verongia aerophoba. Here we describe the hitherto unknown biological and pharmacological property of this compound to display pronounced anticancer activity against L5178y mouse lymphoma cells (ED50: 0.5 μm). Friend erythroleukemia cells (ED50: 0.7μm) , human mamma carcinoma cells (ED50: 0.3μm) and human colon carcinoma cells (ED50: 3.0 μm) in vitro. Furthermore, aeroplysinin caused a preferential inhibition of [3H]thymidine (dThd) incorporation rates in L5178y mouse lymphoma cells if compared with murine spleen lymphocytes in vitro. At concentrations between 1.1 and 28.5 μm, the [3H]dThd incorporation rates in L5178y cells were suppressed to 28% -0% but only to 78% -18% in murine spleen lymphocytes. The same differential effect in vitro was found with the following epithelial cells: 14.70 μm of the compound were required to inhibit normal human fibroblasts to 50% , but only 2.9 μm in the assays with human malign keratinocytes or malignant melanoma cells to observe the same inhibitory effect. Moreover, aeroplysinin-1 displayed antileukemic activity in vivo using the L5178y cell/NMRI mouse system; administered at a dose of 50 mg/kg for five consecutive days, the T/C (% ) value was determined to be 338. Preliminary toxicology studies revealed an acute LD50 of 202 mg/kg and a subacute LD50 of 150 mg/kg. Aeroplysinin-1 is neither a direct mutagen nor a premutagen in the umu/Salmonella typhimurium test system.
Lactate dehydrogenase from pig heart is inactivated by the NAD+ -analog P1-N6-(4-azidophenylethyl)adenosine-P2-[4-(3-azidopyridinio)butyl]diphosphate (6) upon irradiation with UV light of wavelengths in the range from 300 to 380 nm. The decrease in enzyme activity can be prevented by the addition of NAD+ and oxalate. The modified enzyme shows a reduced binding capacity for its coenzyme as compared to native lactate dehydrogenase. The amount of incorporated coenzyme is deduced from the ribose content of inactivated enzyme. Tryptic digestion of the modified protein and separation of the peptides by HPLC yields 5 ribose-containing fractions. One of them, fraction 6 6 , is split by treatment with nucleotide pyrophosphatase into two subfractions, 63 and 58. Only subfraction 63 contains ribose. Whereas peptide 58 shows a UV absorption spectrum similar to that of 4-(3-aminopyridinio)-butyl phosphate (3). Amino acid analyses of the peptides indicate that the inactivator forms covalent bonds with different parts of the protein: Peptide 63 is characterized by a great portion of hydrophobic amino acids whereas peptide 58 shows a high degree of hydrophilicity.
In the course of the odontogenesis of bovine incisors several clearly distinguishable phosphohydrolase activities are observed in the pulp and in dental hard tissues. Using various substrates and inhibitors, unspecific alkaline phosphatase, two isoenzymes of acid phosphatase, Ca2+-activated ATPase and inorganic pyrophosphatase are characterized. The enzymatic activity of alkaline phosphatase in pulp and hard tissues is significantly high at the beginning of dentine and enamel mineralization. The specific activity of this enzyme decreases quite fast with the beginning of root formation, then more slowly, until it reaches a constant final value. Histochemical studies show that during mineralization the maximum of alkaline phosphatase activity is in the subodontoblasts. Lower enzyme concentrations are found in the stratum intermedium and in the outer enamel epithelium during that process.
The specific activities of ATPase, acid phosphatases and pyrophosphatase show little temporal variation during tooth development, but they also appear in a characteristic spatial pattern in the dental tissues.
Nitric oxide causes ADP-ribosylation and inhibition of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
(1992)
Nitric oxide and nitric oxide-generating agents like 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) stimulate the mono-ADP-ribosylation of a cytosolic, 39-kDa protein in various tissues. This protein was purified from human platelet cytosol by conventional and fast protein liquid chromatography techniques. N-terminal sequence analysis identified the isolated protein as the glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). Nitric oxide stimulates the auto-ADP-ribosylation of GAPDH in a time and concentration-dependent manner with maximal effects after about 60 min. Associated with ADP-ribosylation is a loss of enzymatic activity. NAD(+)-free enzyme is not inhibited by SIN-1, indicating the absolute requirement of NAD+ as the substrate of the ADP-ribosylation reaction. Inhibition of the glycolytic enzyme GAPDH may be relevant as a cytotoxic effect of NO complementary to its inhibitory actions on iron-sulfur enzymes like aconitase and electron transport proteins of the respiratory chain.
A comparison of different APTT-reagents, heparin-sensitivity and detection of mild coagulopathies
(1992)
The activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is widely used to detect coagulation abnormalities or to monitor heparin treatment.
Many commercial aPTT-reagents are available which contain different phospholipid reagents and activators. In the present study 3 aPTT-reagents (aPTT-D, Instrumentation Laboratory, Neothromtin, Behring, PTTa, Boehringer) were compared using a computerized centrifugal analyzer. One aPTT-reagent (Pathromtin, Behring) was tested on a semiautomated coagulometer. Instrument precision was evaluated using aPTT-D as reagent.
Comparative tests were performed on plasma samples of 40 healthy donors, 3 patients with mild von Willebrand's disease (vWd), W patients with heaemophilia or subhaemophilia A, 1 patient with subhaemophilia A and vWd, 8 patients treated with subcutaneous injection of unfractionated heparin (UFH) and 14 patients treated with subcutaneous injection of a low molecular weight heparin (LMWH).
aPTT-D was the most sensitive reagent to detect mild vWd while Pathromtin detected none of these defects. In patients with heamophilia A and subhaemophilia A aPTT-D, Neothromtin and PTTa detected the abnormality in nearly all tested samples while Pathromtin was less sensitive.
Patients treated with subcutaneously applied UFH or LMWH often had a prolonged aPTTt especially when aPTT-D and Neothromtin were used as reagents.
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is the main cause of herpes genitalis, a recurrent sexually transmitted disease. By the use of routine Serologie methods (complement fixation test, enzyme immunoassay), virus carriers are difficult to identify because of strong antibody cross reactions with antigens of HSV-1 which is ubiquitously spread throughout the population. We introduce a microtechnique Western blot system loaded with HSV-1 and HSV-2 type-specific and common antigens on separated nitrocellulose strips. By the simultaneous evaluation of Immunologie reactions with both strips, the occurrence of HSV-2 specific antibodies can be sensitively detected in serum specimens containing antibodies to HSV-1. A total of 158 serum specimens were analyzed and the results obtained by Western blot were compared to those of a screening ELISA and virus isolation performed with smears of herpes lesions.
An agreement of 97.9 % was assessed between Western blot and virus isolation to detect an HSV-1 and HSV-2 infection. Less specific serologic results were produced by the screening ELISA on HSV-2 antibodies which correlated in 85.4 % (41/48) with virus isolation and typing. Concerning HSV-2 antibody testing, Western blot and ELISA showed an overall agreement in 89.8 % of the sera investigated.
As shown by our data, the HSV type specific Western blot proved to be a specific, reproducible and standardized technique. It can be utilized for both sero-epidemiological surveys and determination of the HSV immune status.
New reactive coenzyme analogues for affinity labeling of NAD+ and NADP+ dependent dehydrogenases
(1995)
Reactive coenzyme analogues ω-(3-diazoniumpyridinium)alkyl adenosine diphosphate were prepared by reaction of ω-(3-aminopyridinium)alkyl adenosine diphosphate with nitrous acid. In these compounds the nicotinamide ribose is substituted by hydrocarbon chains of varied lengths (n-ethyl to n-pentyl). The diazonium compounds are very unstable and decompose rapidly at room temperature. They show a better stability at 0 °C. L actate and alcohol dehydrogenase do not react with any of the analogues. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase reacts rapidly with the diazonium pentyl compound. Decreasing the length of the alkyl chain significantly decreases the inactivation velocity. 3α,20β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase reacts at 0 °C with the ethyl homologue and slowly with the propyl compound. The butyl-and pentyl analogues do not inactivate at 0 °C. Tests with 14C -labeled 2-(3-diazoniumpyridinium)ethyl adenosine diphosphate show that complete loss of enzyme activity results after incorporation of 2 moles of inactivator into 1 mole of tetrameric enzyme. 4-(3-Acetylpyridinium)butyl 2 ′-phospho-adenosine diphosphate, a structural analogue of NADP +, was prepared by condensation of adenosine-2,3-cyclophospho-5′-phosphomorpholidate with (3-acetylpyridinium)butyl phosphate, followed by hydrolysis of the cyclic phosphoric acid ester with 2 ′:3′-cyclonucleotide-3′-phosphodiesterase. Because of the redox potential (-315 mV) and the distance between the pyridinium and phosphate groups, this analogue is a hydrogen acceptor and its reduced form a hydrogen donor in tests with alcohol dehyd rogenase from Thermoanaerobium brockii. The reduced form of the coenzyme analogue also is a hydrogen donor with glutathione reductase. With other NADP +-dependent dehydrogenases the com pound has been show n to be a competitive inhibitor against the natural coenzyme. The acetyl group reacts with bromine to form the bromoacetyl group. This reactive bromoacetyl analogue is a specific active-site directed irreversible inhibitor of isocitrate dehydrogenase.
In the United States, culdoscopy (a vaginal approach to view the abdomen) replaced laparoscopy for about 20 years, circa 1950-1970. In contrast to many of his colleagues, Hans Frangenheim of Wuppertal, Germany, was not satisfied with culdoscopy and turned to an abdominal approach. Frangenheim began publishing his experiences with gynecological laparoscopy in 1958 and stressed technical improvements. He constructed a CO2 insufflator, wrote the first book on gynecological endoscopy, and introduced "cold light" into laparoscopy. Frangenheim strongly stimulated the rise of gynecological laparoscopy in Europe in the 1960s and later.
This profile of laparoscopic pioneers between the world wars "spotlights" Heinz Kalk, a German surgeon, and John C. Ruddock, an American internist. Social, political and economic upheavals characterized the decades between World War I and World War II and, along with geographic and communication restraints, permitted the concept of laparoscopy to develop differently in separate settings.
Raoul Palmer, World War II, and transabdominal coelioscopy : laparoscopy extends into gynecology
(1997)
The traditional gap between surgeons and internists was much wider 100 years ago than nowadays. At the beginning of the twentieth century, neither group was particularly open to the idea of scholarly exchange. In this respect, both early pioneers of laparoscopy, Georg Kelling (1866–1945, a German surgeon of Dresden, and Hans Christian Jacobaeus (1879–1937), an internist from Stockholm, Sweden, were interesting exceptions...
The clinical diagnosis of neurologicaldiseases can be supported by the use of instructive, case-related reports for interpretation of CSF quantities. By using the knowledge-based System Pro.M.D.-cerebrospinal fluid diagnostics the process of clinical diagnosis can be optimized and standardized, as far as sensible. With the presentation of an exemplary case, the main features of the system are demonstrated.
Objectives: The possible etiologic relevance of occupational factors such as cadmium, cutting oils, diesel fuel and fumes, herbicides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), polychlorinated biphenyls, soot, tar, mineral oil, and solvents to prostate cancer was studied.
Methods: A case-referent study design was used to recruit 192 subjects with histologically confirmed prostate cancer and 210 referents who had prostate cancer histologically excluded either in one of two urologic practices (Hamburg and Frankfurt) or in the urological policlinic of the Frankfurt University. Data were gathered with a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using logistic regression to control for age, region, and cigarette smoking. A job-exposure matrix was used for assigning exposure. For the calculation of dose-years, the duration of contact with specific substances was weighted by the intensity and probability of exposure according to a job-exposure matrix.
Results: The analysis of dose-years yielded a statistically significant association between occupational exposure to diesel fuel or fumes and prostate cancer (odds ratio 3.7, 95% confidence interval 1.4-9.8, for subjects exposed to more than 25 dose-years in a comparison with subjects never exposed). For the other substances, no statistically significant differences in exposure were found between the cases and referents. When only jobs with a high exposure probability were used to classify the participants as exposed, only exposure to PAH was significantly associated with prostate cancer.
Conclusion: In keeping with results from other studies, this study provides further evidence that exposure to diesel fuel or fumes - possibly mediated through PAH - may be associated with the development of prostate cancer.
Erich Mühe and the rejection of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (1985) : a surgeon ahead of his time
(1998)
During the early 1980s, news of Semm's laparoscopic appendectomy was rippling through German medical circles. Erich Mühe, fascinated by Semm's technique and spurred by successes of the Erlangen endoscopists, came up with the idea of laparoscopic removal of gallstones. In 1984, Mühe had already worked out the details of an operative laparoscope, the “Galloscope,” and on September 12, 1985, he carried out the first laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Later, he modified his technique and operated through a trocar sleeve. Finally, he designed an “open laparoscope” with a circular light. By March 1987, Mühe had conducted 97 endoscopic gallbladder removals. He published information about his technique at the Congress of the German Surgical Society (April 1986) and at other surgical meetings in Germany. His concept, however, was ignored. In the middle of the 1980s, the surgical community was still not prepared for the era of “minimally invasive therapy.” Erich Mühe was a surgeon ahead of his time.
In the late 1950s, Patrick C. Steptoe, a British gynecologist, established contact with Palmer of Paris and Frangenheim of Wuppertal, Germany, and studied laparoscopic technique under the tutelage of these pioneers. Despite the negative attitude among his colleagues, Steptoe soon became one of the most innovative researchers in the field of abdominal endoscopy, particularly laparoscopic sterilization. In the late 1960s, Steptoe began working with Robert Edwards, an embryologist, and launched an in-vitro fertilization project obtaining eggs by means of laparoscopy. Both researchers experienced years of frustration, disappointment, ethical and scientific criticism as well as a difficult relationship with the mass media. Finally, in July 1978, Louise Brown, the first test-tube baby, was born in England.
Like many of his colleagues in the 1950s and 1960s, Patrick Christopher Steptoe (1913-1988), a gynecologist in Oldham, Great Britain, was concerned about the number of unnecessary laparotomies. Unfortunately, the Oldham group of hospitals was not a university clinic and Steptoe had scanty opportunity to develop his own research. In the late 1950s, he searched the medical literature for an alternative form of examination and came across publications about Decker's culdoscopy, the vaginal approach to view the abdomen. Since this method was not widespread in England, Steptoe, in 1958, went to Montreal, Boston, and New York in order to observe and learn the practical use of culdoscopy. However, Steptoe left America disappointed.
Work on tubal insufflation marked the beginning of Kurt Semm's (b. 1927) scientific career. In the early 1960s, he directed his attention to the fact that, from a technical standpoint, tubal insufflation was similar to creating pneumoperitoneum. In the mid-1960s, Semm - himself a gynecologist - invested his time and financial resources and risked his university career to develop an automatic abdominal insufflation device. Later he tried it out in the Clinic for Internal Medicine. Since, at that time, the term “laparoscopy” had negative connotations associated with it, Semm formulated a new term “pelviscopy.” In 1967, Semm presented his invention to Melvin Cohen, an American pioneer of gynecological laparoscopy, at the meeting of the American Fertility Society, held in Washington.
In the 1970s, Semm developed thermocoagulation, adapted the Roeder Loop, and further invented extra- and intracoporeal endoscopic knotting to achieve endoscopic hemostasis. His numerous technical inventions, especially the electronic insufflator, allowed more complex operations to be performed laparoscopically. His technique, however, was not quickly adopted by the surgical community. When the first fully laparoscopic appendectomy was carried out by Semm in 1980, a veritable storm broke loose. In the opinion of many prominent surgeons, Semm exaggerated the problem of adhesions, and laparoscopic technique itself was regarded as very dangerous. Misunderstood by medical scientists, Semm displayed an ability to force his ideas through despite skepticism and suspicion. He realized that endoscopic surgery had tremendous potential, and promoted laparoscopic technique not only in his field of gynecology but among general surgeons as well. In 1985, Muhe, of Boblingen, Germany, used Semm's technique to remove the first gallbladder in the world laparoscopically. Three years later when Semm presented a videotape of his laparoscopic appendectomy in Baltimore, he gave impetus to McKernan and Save of Marietta. Georgia, to carry out the first laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the United States.
A gene trap strategy has been used to identify genes that are repressed in cells transformed by an activated epidermal growth factor (EGF)/EGF receptor signal transduction pathway. EGF receptor-expressing NIH3T3 cells (HER1 cells) were infected with a retrovirus containing coding sequences for the human CD2 antigen and for secreted alkaline phosphatase in the U3 region. By selecting for and against CD2 expression, we obtained clones in which the gene trap had integrated into genes selectively repressed by EGF. Two of these clones encoded for the secreted extracellular matrix proteins TIMP3 and COL1A2. We show here that both genes are downstream targets of RAS and are specifically repressed by EGF-induced transformation. Moreover, this strategy tags tumor suppressor genes in their normal chromosomal location, thereby improving target-specific screens for antineoplastic drugs.
The iron-sulfur proteins of the cytochrome bc1 complexes of Schizosaccharomyces pombe and Saccharomyces cerevisiae contain the three amino acid motif RX( downward arrow)(F/L/I)XX(T/S/G)XXXX (downward arrow) that is typical for proteins that are cleaved sequentially in two steps by matrix processing peptidase (MPP) and mitochondrial intermediate peptidase (MIP). Despite the presence of this recognition sequence the S. pombe iron-sulfur protein is processed only once during import into mitochondria, whereas the S. cerevisiae protein is processed in two steps. Import of S. pombe iron-sulfur protein in which the putative MIP or MPP recognition sites are eliminated by site-directed mutagenesis and import of iron-sulfur protein into mitochondria from yeast mutants that lack MIP activity indicate that one step processing of the S. pombe iron-sulfur protein is independent of those sites and of MIP activity. Sequencing of the mature protein obtained after import in vitro and of the endogenous iron-sulfur protein isolated from mitochondrial membranes by preparative 2D-electrophoresis shows that MPP recognizes a second site in the presequence and processing occurs between residues 43 and 44. If proline-20 of the S. pombe presequence is changed into a serine, a second cleavage step is induced. Conversely, if serine-24 of the S. cerevisiae presequence is changed to a proline, the first cleavage step that is normally catalyzed by MPP is blocked, causing precursor iron-sulfur protein to accumulate. Together these results indicate that a single amino acid change in the presequence is responsible for one-step processing in S. pombe versus two-step processing in S. cerevisiae.
Using apoE phenotyping by immunoblotting and apoE genotyping we identified four heterozygous carriers of a rare apolipoprotein (apo) E2 variant, apoE2 (Arg136 → Cys). ApoE2 (Arg136 → Cys) was not distinct from apoE2 (Arg158 → Cys) by phenotyping, but produced a unique pattern of bands on CfoI restriction typing of a 244 bp apoE gene fragment. Two of the four apoE2 (Arg136 → Cys)/3 heterozygotes had elevated triglycerides, two were normolipidemic. The composition of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) was normal in each of the four apoE2 (Arg136 → Cys) carriers, regardless of the triglyceride concentrations. None of the apoE2 (Arg136 → Cys) carriers displayed a broad β-band and none revealed β-migrating particles in the VLDL. The two hypertriglyceridemic carriers of apoE2 (Arg136 → Cys) were, therefore, classified as having type IV rather than type III hyperlipoproteinemia. LDL receptor binding activities were studied using recombinant apoE loaded to dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) vesicles and to VLDL and from an apoE-deficient individual. LDL receptor binding of apoE2 (Arg136 → Cys) was 14% of apoE3 and was thus higher than that of apoE2 (Arg158 → Cys). Both apoE2 (Arg136 → Cys) and apoE2 (Arg158 → Cys) displayed substantial heparin binding (61 and 53% of apoE3, respectively). As the dominant apoE variants known so far are characterized by more pronounced reductions of heparin binding, we suggest that apoE2 (Arg136 → Cys) is not associated with dominant expression of type III hyperlipoproteinemia. These findings lend support to the concept that apoE variants predisposing to dominant type III hyperlipoproteinemia differ from recessive mutations by a more severe defect in heparin binding.—März, W., M. M. Hoffmann, H. Scharnagl, E. Fisher, M. Chen, M. Nauck, G. Feussner, and H. Wieland. Apolipoprotein E2 (Arg136 → Cys) mutation in the receptor binding domain of apoE is not associated with dominant type III hyperlipoproteinemia.
The human hemopoietic cell kinase (HCK) is a member of the src family of protein tyrosine kinases specifically expressed in myeloid cells and to a minor extent in B-lymphoid cells. HCK expression is up-regulated at the transcriptional level during myeloid differentiation of hematopoietic cells. To elucidate the molecular basis of the differential HCK gene expression, the genomic region containing the HCK promoter was isolated and functionally characterized. A DNA fragment containing 101 base pairs of the 5′-flanking sequence showed strong promoter activity in the macrophage cell line RAW264 but was inactive in the non-monocytic cell lines HUT-78 and NIH-3T3. Site-directed mutagenesis of the proximal promoter region showed that two GC-rich sequence elements are essential for transcriptional activity in myeloid cells. Electrophoretic mobility shift analysis using nuclear extracts obtained from RAW264 cells and from the promonocytic cell line U-937 revealed the formation of at least three distinct protein-DNA complexes at each of these sites, one of which was found to contain the transcription factor Sp1. Expression of a reporter gene linked to the −101HCK promoter region was up-regulated by Sp1, but not by other members of the Sp1 family of transcription factors, in Drosophila Schneider cells. A synergistic effect onHCK promoter activity was observed at high concentrations of Sp1. Our results show that Sp1 plays an essential role in the regulation of the differential gene expression of the HCKgene.
The 2[4Fe-4S] ferredoxin from Chromatium vinosum arises as one prominent member of a recently defined family of proteins found in very diverse bacteria. The potentiometric circular dichroism titrations of the protein and of several molecular variants generated by site-directed mutagenesis have established that the reduction potentials of the two clusters differ widely by almost 200 mV. This large difference has been confirmed by electrochemical methods, and each redox transition has been assigned to one of the clusters. The unusually low potential center is surprisingly the one that displays a conventional CX1X2CX3X4C (Xn, variable amino acid) binding motif and a structural environment similar to that of clusters having less negative potentials. A comparison with other ferredoxins has highlighted factors contributing to the reduction potential of [4Fe-4S] clusters in proteins. (i) The loop between the coordinating cysteines 40 and 49 and the C terminus alpha-helix of C. vinosum ferredoxin cause a negative, but relatively moderate, shift of approximately 60 mV for the nearby cluster. (ii) Very negative potentials, below -600 mV, correlate with the presence of a bulky side chain in position X4 of the coordinating triad of cysteines. These findings set the framework in which previous observations on ferredoxins can be better understood. They also shed light onto the possible occurrence and properties of very low potential [4Fe-4S] clusters in less well characterized proteins.
Vacuolar proton-translocating ATPase (holoATPase and free membrane sector) was isolated from bovine chromaffin granules by blue native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A 5-fold excess of membrane sector over holoenzyme was determined in isolated chromaffin granule membranes. M9.2, a novel extremely hydrophobic 9.2-kDa protein comprising 80 amino acids, was detected in the membrane sector. It shows sequence and structural similarity to Vma21p, a yeast protein required for assembly of vacuolar ATPase. A second membrane sector-associated protein (M8-9) was identified and characterized by amino-terminal protein sequencing.
The crystal structure of the bovine Rieske iron-sulfur protein indicates a sulfur atom (S-1) of the iron-sulfur cluster and the sulfur atom (Sgamma) of a cysteine residue that coordinates one of the iron atoms form hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl groups of Ser-163 and Tyr-165, respectively. We have altered the equivalent Ser-183 and Tyr-185 in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rieske iron-sulfur protein by site-directed mutagenesis of the iron-sulfur protein gene to examine how these hydrogen bonds affect the midpoint potential of the iron-sulfur cluster and how changes in the midpoint potential affect the activity of the enzyme. Eliminating the hydrogen bond from the hydroxyl group of Ser-183 to S-1 of the cluster lowers the midpoint potential of the cluster by 130 mV, and eliminating the hydrogen bond from the hydroxyl group of Tyr-185 to Sgamma of Cys-159 lowers the midpoint potential by 65 mV. Eliminating both hydrogen bonds has an approximately additive effect, lowering the midpoint potential by 180 mV. Thus, these hydrogen bonds contribute significantly to the positive midpoint potential of the cluster but are not essential for its assembly. The activity of the bc1 complex decreases with the decrease in midpoint potential, confirming that oxidation of ubiquinol by the iron-sulfur protein is the rate-limiting partial reaction in the bc1 complex, and that the rate of this reaction is extensively influenced by the midpoint potential of the iron-sulfur cluster.
Das Virus der Frühsommermeningoenzephalitis (FSME) und Borrelia burgdorferi als Erreger der Lyme-Borreliose sind die klinischbedeutsamsten durch Zecken übertragenen Infektionserreger in Europa. Der vorliegende Fall beschreibt eine serologisch gesicherte. Doppelinfektion mit dem FSME-Virus und Borellia burgdorferi bei einer 69jährigen deutschen Patientin nach einem Zeckenstich in einem österreichischen Endemiegebiet. Klinisch bestand zum Zeitpunkt der Krankenhausaufnahme eine ausgeprägte Somnolenz und ein hochgradiges Doppelbildsehen. Ein passive Immunisierung gegen FSME war postexpositionell erfolgt, konnte eine Infektion jedoch nicht verhindern. Eine Doppelinfektion durch beide Erreger wurde durch den serologischen Nachweis von spezifischen IgG und IgM Antikörpern gegen das FSME-Virus und im weiteren Verlauf auch gegen Borrelia burgdorferi im ELISA beziehungsweise im rekombinanten Immunoblot gesichert. Obwohl Doppelinfektionen durch die beiden genannten Erregerselten sind, sollten sie bei zeckenübertragenen Erkrankungen mit untypischem Verlauf in der Differentialdiagnose berücksichtigt werden.
In the late 1980s, laparoscopy was essentially a gynecologist's tool. One of the French private surgeons, Phillipe Mouret of Lyon, shared his surgery practice with a gynecologist and thus had access to both laparoscopic equipment and to patients requiring laparoscopy. In March of 1987, Mouret carried out his first cholecystectomy by means of electronic laparoscopy. Although he never published anything about this experience, the news on his technique reached Francois Dubois of Paris. Although having no prior laparoscopic experience, Dubois acted immediately. He borrowed the instruments from gynecologists, performed his first animal experiments and, in April 1988, carried out the first laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in Paris. Inspired by Dubois, Jacques Perissat of Bordeaux, introduced endoscopic cholecystectomy in his clinic and presented this technique at a SAGES meeting in Louisville in April 1989. Very soon, news of the French work in LC soon swept beyond the country's borders. Dubois and Perissat spoke enthusiastically about their work at the meetings and were largely responsible for establishing what is today called the French technique.
Die vorliegende Dissertation berichtet über eine Serie von Verhaltens- und funktionellen Bildgebungsstudien zu experimentalpsychologischen Paradigmata, die eine räumliche Analyse und Koordinatentransformation von Material der visuellen Wahrnehmung oder Vorstellung beinhalten. Nach einer Einführung in die Prinzipien und Techniken der funktionellen Kernspintomographie, der hier benutzten Methode für die Messung von Gehirnaktivität, werden die Versuche einer Replikation des berühmten Stratton'schen Umkehrbrillen-Experiments dargestellt (Kapitel 1). Unsere vier Probanden zeigten zwar eine zügige Anpassung der visuomotorischen Funktionen an die neue visuelle Umwelt, berichteten aber, anders als Stratton, nicht, daß sie die Welt nach einigen Tagen mit der Umkehrbrille wieder normal sähen. Diese Persistenz des umgekehrten Bildes wurde durch eine psychphysische Testbatterie bestätigt. Des weiteren ergaben die funktionellen Kernspinmessungen, daß sich die kortikale retinotope Organisation im Verlaufe des Experiments nicht geändert hat. Da sich also Strattons Haupteffekt, das Aufrechtsehen durch die Umkehrbrille nach einwöchiger Adaptation, nicht replizieren ließ, werden andere Möglichkeiten der Interpretation der verschiedenen Umkehrexperimente der letzten hundert Jahre vorgeschlagen. Dieses Ergebnis einer funktionellen Anpassung ohne größere Änderungen der visuellen Wahrnehmung (und ohne Veränderungen der Repräsentation der Netzhautareale in der Sehrinde) führte zu der Hypothese, daß die erforderlichen Transformationen auf einer höheren Stufe der kortikalen Hierarchie der visuellen Verarbeitung erfolgen. Zur Testung dieser Hypothese wurde eine funktionelle Kernspinstudie des Umkehrlesens durchgeführt (Kapitel 2). Hierbei lasen die Probanden Wörter und Sätze in Spiegelschrift oder auf dem Kopf. Der neuronale Mechanismus der räumlichen Transformationen, die zur Bewältigung dieser Aufgabe nötig sind, konnte in bestimmten Regionen des Parietallappens, die zwischen den Probanden sehr konstant waren, lokalisiert werden. Weiterhin fand sich eine Koaktivierung okzipitootemporaler Objekterkennungs-Areale. Die Spezifizität der parietalen Aktivierungsfoci wurde durch ein Kontrollexperiment bestätigt, in welchem das kortikale System für räumliche Transformationen von den Netzwerken der allgemeinen visuellen Aufmerksamkeit und der Augenbewegungskontrolle unterschieden werden konnte. In einem weiteren Experiment wurden die räumlichen Funktionen des Parietallappens unter dem Vorzeichen der visuellen Vorstellung untersucht. Als Paradigma wurde der "mental clock" - Test verwendet, bei welchem die Probanden die Winkel der Zeiger zweier Uhren vergleichen müssen, deren Zeiten nur akustisch vorgegeben werden (Kapitel 3). Diese Aufgabe erfordert die Generierung eines entsprechenden Vorstellungsbildes und dessen räumliche Analyse, stellt also sowohl ein kontrolliertes Vorstellungs-Paradigma als auch einen Test räumlicher Funktionen dar, der nicht auf visuell präsentiertem Material beruht. Das parietale Aktivierungsmuster, das der Analyse der Winkel dieser vorgestellten Uhren zugeschrieben werden konnte, entsprach weitgehend demjenigen, das mit der räumlichen Transformation von Buchstaben verbunden war. Es handelt sich also wahrscheinlich um ein kortikales System für räumliche Analyse und Koordinatentransformationen, das nicht auf eine visuelle Stimulation angewiesen ist, sondern auch bei bloßer visueller Vorstellung aktiv werden kann. Die vorgelegten Resultate werden im Kontext neuerer neuropsychologischer Befunde zu Defiziten räumlicher Analyse und Vorstellung bei Läsionen des Parietallappens diskutiert (Kapitel 4). Auch die methodologischen Probleme der kognitiven Subtraktion, die in unseren Studien teilweise benutzt wurde, werden behandelt. Dabei wird erläutert, inwiefern diese für die Beurteilung der vorgelegten Studien nur von untergeordneter Bedeutung sind. Nichtsdestoweniger schlagen wir Modifikationen der experimentellen Paradigmata im Sinne des parametrischen Designs und des "event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging" vor, die bei zukünftigen Studien einen vollständigen Verzicht auf die kognitive Subtraktion ermöglichen dürften. Schließlich wird die Bedeutung der vorgelegten Ergebnisse für die Erforschung der Anpassungsfähigkeit des menschlichen Gehirns und des Verhältnisses von Vorstellung und visueller Wahrnehmung dargelegt.
We have developed two independent methods to measure equilibrium binding of inhibitors to membrane-bound and partially purified NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) to characterize the binding sites for the great variety of hydrophobic compounds acting on this large and complicated enzyme. Taking advantage of a partial quench of fluorescence upon binding of the fenazaquin-type inhibitor 2-decyl-4-quinazolinyl amine to complex I in bovine submitochondrial particles, we determined a Kd of 17 +/- 3 nM and one binding site per complex I. Equilibrium binding studies with [3H]dihydrorotenone and the aminopyrimidine [3H]AE F119209 (4(cis-4-[3H]isopropyl cyclohexylamino)-5-chloro-6-ethyl pyrimidine) using partially purified complex I from Musca domestica exhibited little unspecific binding and allowed reliable determination of dissociation constants. Competition experiments consistently demonstrated that all tested hydrophobic inhibitors of complex I share a common binding domain with partially overlapping sites. Although the rotenone site overlaps with both the piericidin A and the capsaicin site, the latter two sites do not overlap. This is in contrast to the interpretation of enzyme kinetics that have previously been used to define three classes of complex I inhibitors. The existence of only one large inhibitor binding pocket in the hydrophobic part of complex I is discussed in the light of possible mechanisms of proton translocation.
Nitric oxide donors induce stress signaling via ceramide formation in rat renal mesangial cells
(1999)
Exogenous NO is able to trigger apoptosis of renal mesangial cells, and thus may contribute to acute lytic phases as well as to resolution of glomerulonephritis. However, the mechanism involved in these events is still unclear. We report here that chronic exposure of renal mesangial cells for 24 h to compounds releasing NO, including spermine-NO, (Z)-1-{N-methyl-N-[6-(N-methylammoniohexyl)amino]}diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate (MAHMA-NO), S-nitrosoglutathione (GS-NO), and S-nitroso-N-acetyl-d,l-penicillamine (SNAP) results in a potent and dose-dependent increase in the lipid signaling molecule ceramide. Time courses reveal that significant effects occur after 2–4 h of stimulation with NO donors and reach maximal levels after 24 h of stimulation. No acute (within minutes) ceramide production can be detected. When cells were stimulated with NO donors in the presence of phorbol ester, a direct activator of protein kinase C, both ceramide production and DNA fragmentation are completely abolished. Furthermore, addition of exogenous ceramide partially reversed the inhibitory effect of phorbol ester on apoptosis, thus suggesting a negative regulation of protein kinase C on ceramide formation and apoptosis. In contrast to exogenous NO, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α stimulates a very rapid and transient increase in ceramide levels within minutes but fails to induce the late-phase ceramide formation. Moreover, TNF fails to induce apoptosis in mesangial cells. Interestingly, NO and TNFα cause a chronic activation of acidic and neutral sphingomyelinases, the ceramide-generating enzymes, whereas acidic and neutral ceramidases, the ceramide-metabolizing enzymes, are inhibited by NO, but potently stimulated by TNFα. Furthermore, in the presence of an acidic ceramidase inhibitor,N-oleoylethanolamine, TNFα leads to a sustained accumulation of ceramide and in parallel induces DNA fragmentation. In summary, our data demonstrate that exogenous NO causes a chronic up-regulation of ceramide levels in mesangial cells by activating sphingomyelinases and concomitantly inhibiting ceramidases, and that particularly the late-phase of ceramide generation may be responsible for the further processing of a proapoptotic signal.
In cultured human endothelial cells, physiological levels of NO prevent apoptosis and interfere with the activation of the caspase cascade. In vitro data have demonstrated that NO inhibits the activity of caspase-3 by S-nitrosation of the enzyme. Here we present evidence for the in vivo occurrence and functional relevance of this novel antiapoptotic mechanism. To demonstrate that the cysteine residue Cys-163 of caspase-3 is S-nitrosated, cells were transfected with the Myc-tagged p17 subunit of caspase-3. After incubation of the transfected cells with different NO donors, Myc-tagged p17 was immunoprecipitated with anti-Myc antibody. S-Nitrosothiol was detected in the immunoprecipitate by electron spin resonance spectroscopy after liberation and spin trapping of NO by N-methyl-D-glucamine-dithiocarbamate-iron complex. Transfection of cells with a p17 mutant, where the essential Cys-163 was mutated into alanine, completely prevented S-nitrosation of the enzyme. As a functional correlate, in human umbilical vein endothelial cells the NO donors sodium nitroprusside or PAPA NONOate (50 microM) significantly reduced the increase in caspase-3-like activity induced by overexpressing caspase-3 by 75 and 70%, respectively. When human umbilical vein endothelial cells were cotransfected with beta-galactosidase, morphological analysis of stained cells revealed that cell death induction by overexpression of caspase-3 was completely suppressed in the presence of sodium nitroprusside, PAPA NONOate, or S-nitroso-L-cysteine (50 microM). Thus, NO supplied by exogenous NO donors serves in vivo as an antiapoptotic regulator of caspase activity via S-nitrosation of the Cys-163 residue of caspase-3.
At the end of the 20th century, access to information provided by the World Wide Web (WWW) is changing as never before. The fast availability of current medical literature and the availability of tools for easy access to information, as well as for the easy production of information, have confronted research physicians, scholars, and students with new kinds of problems, many of which concern us personally. Quality control, difficulty establishing basic citation components, lack of standard guidelines for citing, as well as the short lifetime of Internet addresses concern us deeply. Some of these problems could be solved by the concept of an "Online-Library of Medicine" presented in the following paper. Since, however, at the present time there are no good answers to the problems regarding citing Internet-based sources, a Web surfer must keep in his or her mind the motto “caveat lector” (let the reader beware) - or, rather, in the spirit of our time: click c@refully before you cite.
The subunit composition of the mitochondrial ATP synthase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae was analyzed using blue native gel electrophoresis and high resolution SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. We report here the identification of a novel subunit of molecular mass of 6,687 Da, termed subunit j (Su j). An open reading frame of 127 base pairs (ATP18), which encodes for Su j, was identified on chromosome XIII. Su j does not display sequence similarity to ATP synthase subunits from other organisms. Data base searches, however, identified a potential homolog from Schizosaccharomyces pombe with 51% identity to Su j of S. cerevisiae. Su j, a small protein of 59 amino acid residues, has the characteristics of an integral inner membrane protein with a single transmembrane segment. Deletion of the ATP18 gene encoding Su j led to a strain (Deltasu j) completely deficient in oligomycin-sensitive ATPase activity and unable to grow on nonfermentable carbon sources. The presence of Su j is required for the stable expression of subunits 6 and f of the F0 membrane sector. In the absence of Su j, spontaneously arising rho- cells were observed that lacked also ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase and cytochrome c oxidase activities. We conclude that Su j is a novel and essential subunit of yeast ATP synthase.
Enzymatic and antisense effects of a specific anti-Ki-ras ribozyme in vitro and in cell culture
(1999)
Due to their mode of action, ribozymes show antisense effects in addition to their specific cleavage activity. In the present study we investigated whether a hammerhead ribozyme is capable of cleaving mutated Ki-ras mRNA in a pancreatic carcinoma cell line and whether antisense effects contribute to the activity of the ribozyme. A 2[prime]-O-allyl modified hammerhead ribozyme was designed to cleave specifically the mutated form of the Ki-ras mRNA (GUU motif in codon 12). The activity was monitored by RT-PCR on Ki-ras RNA expression by determination of the relative amount of wild type to mutant Ki-ras mRNA, by 5-bromo-2[prime]-deoxy-uridine incorporation on cell proliferation and by colony formation in soft agar on malignancy in the human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line CFPAC-1, which is heterozygous for the Ki-ras mutation. A catalytically inactive ribozyme was used as control to differentiate between antisense and cleavage activity and a ribozyme with random guide sequences as negative control. The catalytically active anti-Ki-ras ribozyme was at least 2-fold more potent in decreasing cellular Ki-ras mRNA levels, inhibiting cell proliferation and colony formation in soft agar than the catalytically inactive ribozyme. The catalytically active anti-Ki-ras ribozyme, but not the catalytically inactive or random ribozyme, increased the ratio of wild type to mutated Ki-ras mRNA in CFPAC-1 cells. In conclusion, both cleavage activity and antisense effects contribute to the activity of the catalytically active anti-Ki-ras hammerhead ribozyme. Specific ribozymes might be useful in the treatment of pancreatic carcinomas containing an oncogenic GTT mutation in codon 12 of the Ki-ras gene.
Proton-translocating NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) is the largest and least understood enzyme of the respiratory chain. Complex I from bovine mitochondria consists of more than forty different polypeptides. Subunit PSST has been suggested to carry iron-sulfur center N-2 and has more recently been shown to be involved in inhibitor binding. Due to its pH-dependent midpoint potential, N-2 has been proposed to play a central role both in ubiquinone reduction and proton pumping. To obtain more insight into the functional role of PSST, we have analyzed site-directed mutants of conserved acidic residues in the PSST homologous subunit of the obligate aerobic yeast Yarrowia lipolytica. Mutations D136N and E140Q provided functional evidence that conserved acidic residues in PSST play a central role in the proton translocating mechanism of complex I and also in the interaction with the substrate ubiquinone. When Glu89, the residue that has been suggested to be the fourth ligand of iron-sulfur center N-2 was changed to glutamine, alanine, or cysteine, the EPR spectrum revealed an unchanged amount of this redox center but was shifted and broadened in the gzregion. This indicates that Glu89 is not a ligand of N-2. The results are discussedin the light of structural similarities to the homologous [NiFe] hydrogenases.
The sensitive detection of circulating tumour cells in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer may precede the detection of relapse by other diagnostic studies – such as serum thyroglobulin – and thus may have important therapeutic and prognostic implications. We performed reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on blood samples from patients diagnosed with thyroid disease using two different RT-PCR sensitivities. Additionally, tissue specificity of TG mRNA-expression was determined using RNA extracts from 27 different human tissues. The lower limit of detection was 50–100 TG mRNA producing cells/ml blood using a ‘normal’ RT-PCR sensitivity and 10–20 cells/ml blood using a ‘high’ sensitivity. With the normal sensitivity TG mRNA was detected in 9/13 patients with thyroid cancer and metastasis, 63/137 patients with a history of thyroid cancer and no metastasis, 21/85 with non-malignant thyroid disease and 9/50 controls. With the high sensitivity TG mRNA was detected in 11/13 patients with thyroid cancer and metastasis, 111/137 patients with a history of thyroid cancer and no metastasis, 61/85 with non-malignant thyroid disease and 41/50 controls. Interestingly, using the normal RT-PCR sensitivity TG mRNA transcripts are specific for thyroid tissue and detectable in the peripheral blood of controls and patients with thyroid disease, which correlates with a diagnosis of metastasized thyroid cancer. However, with a high RT-PCR sensitivity, TG mRNA expression was found not to be specific for thyroid tissue and was not correlated with a diagnosis of thyroid cancer in patients. As a consequence, to date TG mRNA detected by RT-PCR in the peripheral blood cannot be recommended as a tumour marker superior to TG serum-level.
Cadmium-mediated toxicity of cultured proximal tubule (PT) cells is associated with increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. We found that cadmium-dependent apoptosis (Hoechst 33342 and annexin V assays) decreased with prolonged CdCl(2) (10 microM) application (controls: 2.4 +/- 1.6%; 5 h: +5.1 +/- 2.3%, 20 h: +5.7 +/- 2.5%, 48 h: +3.3 +/- 1.0% and 72 h: +2.1 +/- 0.4% above controls), while cell proliferation was not affected. Reduction of apoptosis correlated with a time-dependent up-regulation of the drug efflux pump multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein (mdr1) in cadmium-treated cells ( approximately 4-fold after 72 h), as determined by immunoblotting with the monoclonal antibody C219 and measurement of intracellular accumulation of the fluorescent probe calcein +/- the mdr1 inhibitor PSC833 (0.5 microM). When mdr1 inhibitors (PSC833, cyclosporine A, verapamil) were transiently added to cells with mdr1 up-regulation by pretreatment for 72 h with cadmium, cadmium-induced apoptosis increased significantly and to a percentage similar to that obtained in cells with no mdr1 up-regulation (72-h cadmium: 5.2 +/- 0.9% versus 72-h cadmium + 1-h PSC833: 7.2 +/- 1.4%; p < or = 0.001). Cadmium-induced apoptosis and mdr1 up-regulation depended on ROS, since co-incubation with the ROS scavengers N-acetylcysteine (15 mM) or pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (0.1 mM) abolished both responses. Moreover, cadmium- and ROS-associated mdr1 up-regulation was linked to activation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB; N-acetylcysteine, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, and the IkappaB-alpha kinase inhibitor Bay 11-7082 (20 microM) prevented both, mdr1 overexpression and degradation of the inhibitory NF-kappaB subunit, IkappaB-alpha, induced by cadmium. The data show that 1) cadmium-mediated apoptosis in PT cells is associated with ROS production, 2) ROS increase mdr1 expression by a process involving NF-kappaB activation, and 3) mdr1 overexpression protects PT cells against cadmium-mediated apoptosis. These data suggest that mdr1 up-regulation, at least in part, provides anti-apoptotic protection for PT cells against cadmium-mediated stress.
P2X1 receptor subunits assemble in the ER of Xenopus oocytes to homotrimers that appear as ATP-gated cation channels at the cell surface. Here we address the extent to which N-glycosylation contributes to assembly, surface appearance, and ligand recognition of P2X1receptors. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) analysis of glycan minus mutants carrying Gln instead of Asn at five individual NXT/S sequons reveals that Asn284 remains unused because of a proline in the +4 position. The four other sites (Asn153, Asn184, Asn210, and Asn300) carryN-glycans, but solely Asn300 located only eight residues upstream of the predicted reentry loop of P2X1acquires complex-type carbohydrates. Like parent P2X1, glycan minus mutants migrate as homotrimers when resolved by blue native PAGE. Recording of ATP-gated currents reveals that elimination of Asn153 or Asn210 diminishes or increases functional expression levels, respectively. In addition, elimination of Asn210 causes a 3-fold reduction of the potency for ATP. If three or all four N-glycosylation sites are simultaneously eliminated, formation of P2X1 receptors is severely impaired or abolished, respectively. We conclude that at least oneN-glycan per subunit of either position is absolutely required for the formation of P2X1 receptors and that individual N-glycans possess marked positional effects on expression levels (Asn154, Asn210) and ATP potency (Asn210).
MAP kinase-dependent phosphorylation processes have been shown to interfere with the degradation of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. The cytosolic MAP kinase phosphatase MAP kinase phosphatase-3 (MKP-3) induces apoptosis of endothelial cells in response to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) via dephosphorylation of the MAP kinase ERK1/2, leading to Bcl-2 proteolysis. Here we report that the endothelial cell survival factor nitric oxide (NO) down-regulated MKP-3 by destabilization of MKP-3 mRNA. This effect of NO was paralleled by a decrease in MKP-3 protein levels. Moreover, ERK1/2 was found to be protected against TNFalpha-induced dephosphorylation by coincubation of endothelial cells with the NO donor. Subsequently, both the decrease in Bcl-2 protein levels and the mitochondrial release of cytochrome c in response to TNFalpha were largely prevented by exogenous NO. In cells overexpressing MKP-3, no differences in phosphatase activity in the presence or absence of NO were found, excluding potential posttranslational modifications of MKP-3 protein by NO. These data demonstrate that upstream of the S-nitrosylation of caspase-3, NO exerts additional antiapoptotic effects in endothelial cells, which rely on the down-regulation of MKP-3 mRNA.
Under basal conditions, the proapoptotic protein Bid is a long-lived protein. Pro-apoptotic stimuli such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) or Fas induce its caspase-8-mediated cleavage into two fragments. The COOH-terminal cleavage fragment of Bid (tBid) becomes localized to mitochondrial membranes and triggers the release of cytochrome c. Here we show that tBid is ubiquitinated and subsequently degraded by the 26 S proteasome. Degradation of tBid is significantly inhibited by the proteasome inhibitors MG-132 and lactacystin. In contrast, caspase-specific or lysosomal inhibitors do not affect tBid stability. Furthermore, mutation of the putative ubiquitin acceptor sites within tBid results in a stabilized protein as assessed by pulse-chase analysis. To address whether tBid degradation might be regulated by interaction with other Bcl-2-like proteins, cotransfection studies were performed. However, neither the presence of proapoptotic Bax nor antiapoptotic Bcl-2 or Bcl-XL affected tBid degradation. Finally, we determined the functional role of tBid degradation. Overexpression of stabilized tBid proteins significantly enhanced cytochrome c release and subsequent apoptosis induction approximately 2-fold compared with wild type tBid. Similarly, tBid-induced apoptosis was considerably amplified by inhibition of tBid degradation using the proteasome-specific inhibitor MG-132. Thus, proteasomal degradation of tBid limits the extent of apoptosis in living cells.
The Na+-F1F0-ATPase operon ofAcetobacterium woodii was recently shown to contain, among eleven atp genes, those genes that encode subunita and b, a gene encoding a 16-kDa proteolipid (subunit c 1), and two genes encoding 8-kDa proteolipids (subunits c 2 andc 3). Because subunits a,b, and c 1 were not found in previous enzyme preparations, we re-determined the subunit composition of the enzyme. The genes were overproduced, and specific antibodies were raised. Western blots revealed that subunits a,b, and c 1 are produced and localized in the cytoplasmic membrane. Membrane protein complexes were solubilized by dodecylmaltoside and separated by blue native-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and the ATPase subunits were resolved by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. N-terminal sequence analyses revealed the presence of subunitsa, c 2, c 3,b, δ, α, γ, β, and ε. Biochemical and immunological analyses revealed that subunitsc 1, c 2, andc 3 are all part of the c-oligomer, the first of a F1F0-ATPase that contains 8- and 16-kDa proteolipids.
We here report the complete nucleotide sequence of the 47.9 kb mitochondrial (mt) genome from the obligate aerobic yeast Yarrowia lipolytica. It encodes, all on the same strand, seven subunits of NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase (ND1-6, ND4L), apocytochrome b (COB), three subunits of cytochrome oxidase (COX1, 2, 3), three subunits of ATP synthetase (ATP6, 8 and 9), small and large ribosomal RNAs and an incomplete set of tRNAs. The Y. lipolytica mt genome is very similar to the Hansenula wingei mt genome, as judged from blocks of conserved gene order and from sequence homology. The extra DNA in the Y. lipolytica mt genome consists of 17 group 1 introns and stretches of A+Trich sequence, interspersed with potentially transposable GC clusters. The usual mould mt genetic code is used. Interestingly, there is no tRNA able to read CGN (arginine) codons. CGN codons could not be found in exonic open reading frames, whereas they do occur in intronic open reading frames. However, several of the intronic open reading frames have accumulated mutations and must be regarded as pseudogenes. We propose that this may have been triggered by the presence of untranslatable CGN codons. This sequence is available under EMBL Accession No. AJ307410.
UICC classification accurately predicts overall survival but not recurrence-risk. We report here data of overall and first site-specific recurrence following curative surgery useful for the development of recurrence-oriented preventive target therapies. Patients who underwent resection for gastric cancer were stratified according to curability of surgery [curative (R0) vs non-curative resection], extent of surgery [limited (D1) vs extended (D2) node dissection] and pathological nodal/serosal status. The intent-to-treat principle, log-rank test and Cox regression analysis were used for statistical analysis of time-to-event (recurrence, death) endpoints. Curative resection only produced a chance of cure whereas survival was very poor following non-curative resection (P < 0.0001). For D2 R0 subgroup of patients, a pathological serosa and a node state-based classification into three groups, proved to be of clinical implication. Risk of recurrence after a median follow-up of 92 months was low among patients with both serosa and node-negative cancer (first group; 11%), moderate among those with either serosa or node-positive cancer (second group; 53%) and very high among those with both serosa and node-positive cancer (third group; 83%). In multivariate analysis, the relative risks of recurrence and death from gastric cancer among patients in the second and third groups, as compared to those in the first, were 7.07 (95% CI, 2.36–21.17; P = 0.0002) and 16.19 (95% CI, 5.76–45.54; P < 0.0001) respectively. First site-specific recurrence analysis revealed: low rate of loco-regional recurrence alone (12%), serosa state determinant factor of the site-recurrence (peritoneal for serosa-positive and haematogenous for serosa-negative cancers) and dramatic increase of all types of recurrence by the presence of nodal metastases. Our findings demonstrate that a pathological serosa- and node-based classification is very simple and predicts accurately site-specific recurrence-risks. Furthermore they reveal that risk of recurrence following curative D2 surgery alone is low for serosa- and node-negative cancers, but very high in serosa- and node-positive cancers suggesting the need for new therapeutic strategies in this subgroup of patients.
An excess of the proinflammatory substance IL-18 is present in joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and expression of IL-18 receptor (IL-18R) regulates IL-18 bioactivity in various cell types. We examined the expression of IL-18R alpha-chain and beta-chain and the biologic effects of IL-18 in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) after long-term culture. The presence of both IL-18R chains was a prerequisite for IL-18 signal transduction in FLS. However, all FLS cultures studied were either resistant or barely responsive to IL-18 stimulation as regards cell proliferation, expression of adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, and the release of interstitial collagenase and stromelysin, IL-6 and IL-8, prostaglandin E2, or nitric oxide. We conclude that the presence of macrophages or IL-18R+ T cells that can respond directly to IL-18 is essential for the proinflammatory effects of IL-18 in synovitis in RA. Open Access: Published: 14 November 2001 © 2002 Möller et al., licensee BioMed Central Ltd (Print ISSN 1465-9905; Online ISSN 1465-9913)
Background: The existence of a constitutively expressed machinery for death in individual cells has led to the notion that survival factors repress this machinery and, if such factors are unavailable, cells die by default. In many cells, however, mRNA and protein synthesis inhibitors induce apoptosis, suggesting that in some cases transcriptional activity might actually impede cell death. To identify transcriptional mechanisms that interfere with cell death and survival, we combined gene trap mutagenesis with site-specific recombination (Cre/loxP system) to isolate genes from cells undergoing apoptosis by growth factor deprivation.
Results: From an integration library consisting of approximately 2 × 106 unique proviral integrations obtained by infecting the interleukin-3 (IL-3)-dependent hematopoietic cell line - FLOXIL3 - with U3Cre gene trap virus, we have isolated 125 individual clones that converted to factor independence upon IL-3 withdrawal. Of 102 cellular sequences adjacent to U3Cre integration sites, 17% belonged to known genes, 11% matched single expressed sequence tags (ESTs) or full cDNAs with unknown function and 72% had no match within the public databases. Most of the known genes recovered in this analysis encoded proteins with survival functions.
Conclusions: We have shown that hematopoietic cells undergoing apoptosis after withdrawal of IL-3 activate survival genes that impede cell death. This results in reduced apoptosis and improved survival of cells treated with a transient apoptotic stimulus. Thus, apoptosis in hematopoietic cells is the end result of a conflict between death and survival signals, rather than a simple death by default.
We have analyzed a series of eleven mutations in the 49-kDa protein of mitochondrial complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) from Yarrowia lipolytica to identify functionally important domains in this central subunit. The mutations were selected based on sequence homology with the large subunit of [NiFe] hydrogenases. None of the mutations affected assembly of complex I, all decreased or abolished ubiquinone reductase activity. Several mutants exhibited decreased sensitivities toward ubiquinone-analogous inhibitors. Unexpectedly, seven mutations affected the properties of iron-sulfur cluster N2, a prosthetic group not located in the 49-kDa subunit. In three of these mutants cluster N2 was not detectable by electron-paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. The fact that the small subunit of hydrogenase is homologous to the PSST subunit of complex I proposed to host cluster N2 offers a straightforward explanation for the observed, unforeseen effects on this iron-sulfur cluster. We propose that the fold around the hydrogen reactive site of [NiFe] hydrogenase is conserved in the 49-kDa subunit of complex I and has become part of the inhibitor and ubiquinone binding region. We discuss that the fourth ligand of iron-sulfur cluster N2 missing in the PSST subunit may be provided by the 49-kDa subunit.
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) is a transcription factor that is activated by interleukin-4 (IL-4)-induced tyrosine phosphorylation and mediates most of the IL-4-induced gene expression. Transcriptional activation by STAT6 requires the interaction with coactivators like p300 and the CREB-binding protein (CBP). In this study we have investigated the function of the CBP-associated members of the p160/steroid receptor coactivator family in the transcriptional activation by STAT6. We found that only one of them, NCoA-1, acts as a coactivator for STAT6 and interacts directly with the transactivation domain of STAT6. The N-terminal part of NCoA-1 interacts with the far C-terminal part of the STAT6 transactivation domain but does not interact with the other members of the STAT family. This domain of NCoA-1 has a strong inhibitory effect on STAT6-mediated transactivation when overexpressed in cells, illustrating the importance of NCoA-1 for STAT6-mediated transactivation. In addition, we showed that both coactivators CBP and NCoA-1 bind independently to specific regions within the STAT6 transactivation domain. Our results suggest that multiple contacts between NCoA-1, CBP, and STAT6 are required for transcriptional activation. These findings provide new mechanistic insights into how STAT6 can recruit coactivators required for IL-4-dependent transactivation.
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been found to be key elements in pathogen recognition by the host immune system. Dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial for both innate immune responses and initiation of acquired immunity. Here we focus on the potential involvement of TLR ligand interaction in DC maturation. TLR2 knockout mice and mice carrying a TLR4 mutation (C3H/HeJ) were investigated for DC maturation induced by peptidoglycan (PGN), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or lipoteichoic acids (LTAs). All stimuli induced maturation of murine bone marrow-derived DCs in control mice. TLR2−/− mice lacked maturation upon stimulation with PGN, as assessed by expression of major histocompatibility complex class II, CD86, cytokine, and chemokine production, fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran uptake, and mixed lymphocyte reactions, while being completely responsive to LPS. A similar lack of maturation was observed in C3H/HeJ mice upon stimulation with LPS. DC maturation induced by LTAs from two different types of bacteria was severely impaired in TLR2−/−, whereas C3H/HeJ mice responded to LTAs in a manner similar to wild-type mice. We demonstrate that DC maturation is induced by stimuli from Gram-positive microorganisms, such as PGN and LTA, with similar efficiency as by LPS. Finally, we provide evidence that TLR2 and TLR4 interaction with the appropriate ligand is essential for bacteria-induced maturation of DCs.
Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in the regulation of the functional integrity of the endothelium. The intracellular reaction of NO with reactive cysteine groups leads to the formation of S-nitrosothiols. To investigate the regulation of S-nitrosothiols in endothelial cells, we first analyzed the composition of the S-nitrosylated molecules in endothelial cells. Gel filtration revealed that more than 95% of the detected S-nitrosothiols had a molecular mass of more than 5000 Da. Moreover, inhibition of de novosynthesis of glutathione using N-butyl-sulfoximine did not diminish the overall cellular S-NO content suggesting that S-nitrosylated glutathione quantitatively plays only a minor role in endothelial cells. Having demonstrated that most of the S-nitrosothiols are proteins, we determined the regulation of the S-nitrosylation by pro-inflammatory and pro-atherogenic factors, such as TNFα and mildly oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL). TNFα and oxLDL induced denitrosylation of various proteins as assessed by Saville-Griess assay, by immunostaining with an anti-S-nitrosocysteine antibody, and by a Western blot approach. Furthermore, the caspase-3 p17 subunit, which has previously been shown to be S-nitrosylated and thereby inhibited, was denitrosylated by TNFα treatment suggesting thatS-nitrosylation and denitrosylation are important regulatory mechanisms in endothelial cells contributing to the integrity of the endothelial cell monolayer.
Aim: To study the transepithelial transport characteristics of the polyamine putrescine in human intestinal Caco-2 cell monolayers to elucidate the mechanisms of the putrescine intestinal absorption.
Methods: The transepithelial transport and the cellular accumulation of putrescine was measured using Caco-2 cell monolayers grown on permeable filters.
Results: Transepithelial transport of putrescine in physiological concentrations ( > 0.5 mM) from the apical to basolateral side was linear. Intracellular accumulation of putrescine was higher in confluent than in fully differentiated Caco-2 cells, but still negligible (less than 0.5%) of the overall transport across the monolayers in apical to basolateral direction.EGF enhanced putrescine accumulation in Caco-2 cells by four fold, as well as putrescine conversion to spermidine and spermine by enhancing the activity of S adenosylmethionine decarboxylase. However, EGF did not have any significant influence on putrescine flux across the Caco- 2 cell monolayers. Excretion of putrescine from Caco-2 cells into the basolateral medium did not exceed 50 picomoles, while putrescine passive flux from the apical to the basolateral chamber, contributed hundreds of micromoles polyamines to the basolateral chamber.
Conclusion: Transepithelial transport of putrescine across Caco-2 cell monolayers occurs in passive diffusion, and is not influenced when epithelial cells are stimulated to proliferate by a potent mitogen such as EGF.
The ratios of the oxidative phosphorylation complexes NADH:ubiquinone reductase (complex I), succinate:ubiquinone reductase (complex II), ubiquinol:cytochrome c reductase (complex III), cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV), and F1F0-ATP synthase (complex V) from bovine heart mitochondria were determined by applying three novel and independent approaches that gave consistent results: 1) a spectrophotometric-enzymatic assay making use of differential solubilization of complexes II and III and parallel assays of spectra and catalytic activities in the samples before and after ultracentrifugation were used for the determination of the ratios of complexes II, III, and IV; 2) an electrophoretic-densitometric approach using two-dimensional electrophoresis (blue native-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) and Coomassie blue-staining indices of subunits of complexes was used for determining the ratios of complexes I, III, IV, and V; and 3) two electrophoretic-densitometric approaches that are independent of the use of staining indices were used for determining the ratio of complexes I and III. For complexes I, II, III, IV, and V in bovine heart mitochondria, a ratio 1.1 +/- 0.2:1.3 +/- 0.1:3:6.7 +/- 0.8:3.5 +/- 0.2 was determined.
Angiogenesis is essential for tumor growth and progression. It has been demonstrated that tumor growth beyond a size 1 to 2 mm3 requires the induction of new vessels. Angiogenesis is regulated by several endogenous stimulators and inhibitors of endothelial cell migration, proliferation and tube formation. Under physiological conditions these mediators of endothelial cell growth are in balance and vessel growth is limited. In fact, within the angiogenic balance endothelial cell turnover is sufficient to maintain a functional vascular wall but does not allow vessel growth. Tumor growth an progression has successfully been correlated to the serum concentration of angiogenic mediators. Furthermore, the vascular density of tumor tissues could be correlated to the clinical course of the disease in several tumor entities. Within the last years several new mediators of endothelial cell growth have been isolated e.g. angiopoietin 1, angiopoietin 2, midkine, pleiotropin, leptin and maspin. In this review we discuss the mechanisms leading to tumor angiogenesis and describe some of the newer mediators of endothelial cell stimulation and inhibition.
Objectives: We sought to investigate whether statin therapy affects the association between preprocedural C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and the risk for recurrent coronary events in patients undergoing coronary stent implantation.
Background: Low-grade inflammation as detected by elevated CRP levels predicts the risk of recurrent coronary events. The effect of inflammation on coronary risk may be attenuated by statin therapy.
Methods: We investigated a potential interrelation among statin therapy, serum evidence of inflammation, and the risk for recurrent coronary events in 388 consecutive patients undergoing coronary stent implantation. Patients were grouped according to the median CRP level (0.6 mg/dl) and to the presence of statin therapy.
Results: A primary combined end point event occurred significantly more frequently in patients with elevated CRP levels without statin therapy (RR [relative risk] 2.37, 95% CI [confidence interval] [1.3 to 4.2]). Importantly, in the presence of statin therapy, the RR for recurrent events was significantly reduced in the patients with elevated CRP levels (RR 1.27 [0.7 to 2.1]) to about the same degree as in patients with CRP levels below 0.6 mg/dl and who did not receive statin therapy (RR 1.1 [0.8 to 1.3]).
Conclusions: Statin therapy significantly attenuates the increased risk for major adverse cardiac events in patients with elevated CRP levels undergoing coronary stent implantation, suggesting that statin the rapy interferes with the detrimental effects of inflammation on accelerated atherosclerotic disease progression following coronary stenting.
Reversible phosphorylation plays important roles in G protein-coupled receptor signaling, desensitization, and endocytosis, yet the precise location and role of in vivo phosphorylation sites is unknown for most receptors. Using metabolic 32P labeling and phosphopeptide sequencing we provide a complete phosphorylation map of the human bradykinin B2 receptor in its native cellular environment. We identified three serine residues, Ser(339), Ser(346), and Ser(348), at the C-terminal tail as principal phosphorylation sites. Constitutive phosphorylation occurs at Ser(348), while ligand-induced phosphorylation is found at Ser(339) and Ser(346)/Ser(348) that could be executed by several G protein-coupled receptor kinases. In addition, we found a protein kinase C-dependent phosphorylation of Ser(346) that was mutually exclusive with the basal phosphorylation at Ser(348) and therefore may be implicated in differential regulation of B2 receptor activation. Functional analysis of receptor mutants revealed that a low phosphorylation stoichiometry is sufficient to initiate receptor sequestration while a clustered phosphorylation around Ser(346) is necessary for desensitization of the B2 receptor-induced phospholipase C activation. This was further supported by the specifically reduced Ser(346)/Ser(348) phosphorylation observed upon stimulation with a nondesensitizing B2 receptor agonist. The differential usage of clustered phosphoacceptor sites points to distinct roles of multiple kinases in controlling G protein-coupled receptor function.
The binding and activation of the discoidin domain receptor 1 by collagen has led to the conclusion that proteins from the extracellular matrix can directly induce receptor tyrosine kinase-mediated signaling cascades. A region in the extracellular domain of DDR1 homologous to the Dictyostelium discoideum protein discoidin-I is also present in the secreted human protein RS1. Mutations in RS1 cause retinoschisis, a genetic disorder characterized by ablation of the retina. By introducing point mutations into the discoidin domain of DDR1 at positions homologous to the retinoschisis mutations, ligand binding epitopes in the discoidin domain of DDR1 were mapped. Surprisingly, some residues only affected receptor phosphorylation, whereas others influenced both collagen-binding and receptor activation. Furthermore, two truncated DDR1 variants, lacking either the discoidin domain or the stalk region between the discoidin and transmembrane domain, were generated. We showed that (i) the discoidin domain was necessary and sufficient for collagen binding, (ii) only the region between discoidin and transmembrane domain was glycosylated, and (iii) the entire extracellular domain was essential for transmembrane signaling. Using these results, we were able to predict key sites in the collagen-binding epitope of DDR1 and to suggest a potential mechanism of signaling.
The inhibitory glycine receptor (GlyR) in developing spinal neurones is internalized efficiently upon antagonist inhibition. Here we used surface labeling combined with affinity purification to show that homopentameric α1 GlyRs generated inXenopus oocytes are proteolytically nicked into fragments of 35 and 13 kDa upon prolonged incubation. Nicked GlyRs do not exist at the cell surface, indicating that proteolysis occurs exclusively in the endocytotic pathway. Consistent with this interpretation, elevation of the lysosomal pH, but not the proteasome inhibitor lactacystin, prevents GlyR cleavage. Prior to internalization, α1 GlyRs are conjugated extensively with ubiquitin in the plasma membrane. Our results are consistent with ubiquitination regulating the endocytosis and subsequent proteolysis of GlyRs residing in the plasma membrane. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes thus may have a crucial role in synaptic plasticity by determining postsynaptic receptor numbers.
Definition: Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) are both cholestatic liver diseases. A common feature of these disorders is the accumulation of bile acids in the liver and blood, presumably because of decreased biliary secretion and reduced bile flow.
Etiology: Etiology and pathogenesis of PBC and PSC are still unknown. PBC is considered to be an autoimmune disease. Immunological mechanisms may also be involved in PSC since there is an association with ulcerative colitis and autoantibodies can be detected. Furthermore, genetic factors seem to play an important role in both diseases.
Therapy: Since the pathogenesis of both diseases is unclear, there is no definite causal treatment. However, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) was shown to be highly effective. Other drugs which can be used alone or in combination with UDCA are promising and might further improve the outcome of the diseases.
Activated blood coagulation factor (F) XIII (FXIIIa), a transglutaminase comprised of two A and two B subunits in a tetrameric structure (A2B2) of 320 kd, has a central role in the haemostatic system by cross-linking fibrin monomers in the final step of blood coagulation, thus stabilizing the fibrin clot and increasing its resistance to fibrinolysis. In addition, FXIIIa is implicated in the cross-linking of several other proteins, such as a-2-antiplasmin, fibronectin, and collagen. The impact of genetic variations of FXIII in thrombotic disorders has not been studied until recently, when a common polymorphism was described as a new candidate genetic factor influencing the risk of thrombotic diseases. This polymorphism results from a G to T transition in codon 34 of exon 2 of the catalytic FXIII A-subunit gene, leading to the substitution of leucine for valine (FXHIVal34Leu) close to the thrombin activation site. Genotype at this polymorphism is closely related to FXIII fibrin cross-linking activity, and FXIIILeu is associated with increased thrombin activation of FXIII with associated changes in fibrin structure. Initially, FXIII Val34Leu was shown to be significantly less common in British patients with a history of myocardial infarction than in controls, suggesting for the first time a new role for FXIII in a polygenic thrombotic disease. In addition to its proposed protective effect against thrombotic heart diseases, the Leu34 allele has also been correlated with protection against venous thromboembolism and thrombotic cerebral artery occlusion, whereas it seems to confer an increased risk for intracerebral haemorrhage. Because this genetic variation is associated with a higher activity of the enzyme, the mechanism accounting for the putative anti-thrombotic effect of FXIII Val34Leu is not well understood. However, it has been hypothesized that increased rates of FXIII activation could lead to ineffective cross-linking, or that the kinetics of the cross-linking reactions may be disrupted because of the effects of FXIIIa on other proteins. Previous s'tudies have demonstrated that the FXIII Val34Leu polymorphism is highly prevalent in ^[[200~several Caucasian populations, with reported Leu34 allele frequencies of around 0.25, whereas it is less prevalent in populations of African and Asian origin. The known significant ethnic heterogeneity linked to the FXIII Val34Leu polymorphism is of relevance when analyzing its role in vascular diseases. In summary, published studies indicate that blood coagulation FXIII is involved in the multifactorial pathogenesis of vascular diseases and suggest a contribution of FXIII Val34Leu in determining the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke and venous thromboembolism.
Herpes genitalis is caused mainly by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) and to a lesser extent but with increasing frequency, by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Today, the diagnosis of genital herpes is based "on laboratory methods. Serology is useful to distinguish primary infection from latent infection and for seroepidemiological investigations. Newer type-specific antibody tests based on single recombinant or purified viral antigens have a higher sensitivity and specificity for detecting anti HSV-2 antibodies. The tests also allow the discrimination between HSV-1 or -2 specific antibodies. Since serology is not able to recognize reactivation, isolation in cell culture remains the standard. If cell culture is not available or optimal transport is not possible and rapid results are needed, direct antigen detection, or in selected cases, the highly sensitive and specific PCR should be used.
Background: Severe allergic reactions during rush-specific immunotherapy (Rush-SIT) may occur in the treatment of hymenoptera sting allergy. The objective of the present study was to examine the characteristics of allergic reactions during Rush-SIT in a cohort of patients with allergy towards hymenoptera venom in the mediterranean population of Albania.
Methods: A retrospective study was performed using the clinical reports of 37 patients with venom of bee (apinae), wasp (vespidae, subfamily vespinae) or paperwasp (vespidae, subfamily polistinae) allergy treated with Rush-SIT between 1987 and 1996. After hymenoptera sting allergy diagnosis according to anamnesis and intracutaneous tests the patient were treated with Rush-SIT. The protocol lasted 3 - 4 d with an increase in the concentration from 0.01 microg/ml to 100 microg/ml. Anaphylactic reactions were classified according to the Mueller-classification.
Results: The frequency of reactions during Rush-SIT for bee-venom was 4.7% and for wasp-venom was 1.5% (p < 0.01). The mean frequency of reactions of Mueller grade II for the bee-venom Rush-SIT patients during the first 4 d (= 26 injections) was 0.73 and for the wasp-venom Rush-SIT patients 0.15. No patient experienced a third-degree reaction. 94.6% of the patient supported an end dose of 100 microg.
Conclusions: Rush-SIT is a reliable method for the treatment of anaphylactic reactions to hymenoptera venom even in less developed countries. Bee-venom Rush-SIT was found to cause higher numbers allergic reactions than wasp or paperwasp Rush-SIT.
Objectives: The possible effects of exposure to neurotoxic substances such as gasoline, diesel fuel, paint, varnish, and solvents on the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea were examined.
Methods: Four hundred and forty-three persons with incident obstructive sleep apnea were recruited within the framework of a case-referent study. A reference population (N=397) was included as the first reference group. In addition 106 patients whose sleep laboratory findings confirmed that they were not suffering from obstructive sleep apnea were then included as a second reference group. Data were gathered with a questionnaire which had to be filled out by the persons with obstructive sleep apnea (cases) and the referents themselves. In the assessment of occupational exposure the questionnaires were filled out by the subjects themselves, and a job-exposure matrix was also used. Data were analyzed using logistic regression to control for age, region, body mass index, cigarette smoking, and alcohol consumption.
Results: None of the exposures were statistically significantly associated with obstructive sleep apnea. There was no correlation with occupation. Only current activities in service occupations revealed an increased odds ratio, 1.6 (95% confidence interval 1.1-2.4).
Conclusions: No suggestion was found of an association between exposure to solvents and obstructive sleep apnea.
Removal of apoptotic cells by macrophages or resident semi-professional phagocytes is a prominent principle with important implications for the pathophysiology of chronic inflammatory diseases, viral infections, or cancer. To characterize mechanisms which may determine the fate of apoptotic cells, I investigated chemokine expression in apoptotic promonocytic U-937 cells or PBMC. Exposure of U-937 cells to the anti-cancer drug etoposide (VP-16), an inducer of apoptosis in these cells, was associated with increased expression of the chemokines IL-8 and macrophage inflammatory protein 1alpha (MIP-1alpha). Upregulation of IL-8 mRNA expression by VP-16 was observed as early as 4 h after onset of treatment and was still detectable after 19h of exposure. A serine protease inhibitor prevented both VP-16-induced apoptosis and release of IL-8, whereas inhibition of p38 MAP-kinases reduced IL-8 secretion only. Moreover, I observed that incubation with 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (CdA) upregulated release of IL-8 from adherent PBMC in parallel to induction of apoptosis. In these cells a modest but significant induction of TNF-alpha release by CdA was also detected. In addition, CdA augmented release of IL-8 from whole blood cultures. By facilitating adequate recruitment of phagocytes to sites of cell death, stress-induced upregulation of chemokines associated with apoptosis may contribute to mechanisms aiming at efficient removal of apoptotic cells.
Ceramide levels are strongly increased by stimulation of renal mesangial cells with nitric oxide (NO). This effect was shown previously to be due to a dual action of NO, comprising an activation of sphingomyelinases and an inhibition of ceramidase activity. In this study we show that the NO-triggered inhibition of neutral ceramidase activity is paralleled by a down-regulation at the protein level. A complete loss of neutral ceramidase protein is obtained after 24 h of stimulation. Whereas the selective proteasome inhibitor lactacystin blocked NO-evoked ceramidase degradation, several caspase inhibitors were ineffective. Moreover, the NO-induced degradation is reversed by the protein kinase C (PKC) activator, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), and also by the physiological PKC activators platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF), angiotensin II and ATP, resulting in a normalization of neutral ceramidase protein as well as activity. In vivophosphorylation studies using 32Pi-labeled mesangial cells revealed that TPA, PDGF, angiotensin II, and ATP trigger an increased phosphorylation of the neutral ceramidase, which is blocked by the broad spectrum PKC inhibitor Ro-31 8220 but not by CGP 41251, which has a preferential action on Ca2+-dependent isoforms, thus suggesting the involvement of a Ca2+-independent PKC isoform. In vitro phosphorylation assays using recombinant PKC isoenzymes and neutral ceramidase immunoprecipitated from unstimulated mesangial cells show that particularly the PKC-δ isoform and to a lesser extent the PKC-α isoform are efficient in directly phosphorylating neutral ceramidase. In summary, our data show that NO is able to induce degradation of neutral ceramidase, thereby promoting accumulation of ceramide in the cell. This effect is reversed by PKC activation, most probably by the PKC-δ isoenzyme, which can directly phosphorylate and thereby prevent neutral ceramidase degradation. These novel regulatory interactions will provide therapeutically valuable information to target neutral ceramidase stability and subsequent ceramide accumulation.