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Leptodontium styriacum shall be distinguished from the closely related L. flexifolium by the frequent occurrence of gemmae, leaves ending in a hyaline cell and larger laminal cells. A critical evaluation of these characters revealed that these differences are obsolete. Therefore both species are synonymised with the result, that L. flexifolium has a disjunct range between the oceanic parts of Europe and the Alps, a distribution pattern also found in several other species.
Since the availability of first complete DNA sequence of chloroplast genome of Marchantia polymorpha several studies to determine the structure and organization of chloroplast genomes of various plant groups have been made. However the lineage sampling of bryophytes are poorly represented in complete chloroplast genome sequences (only three liverworts, two mosses and one hornwort). This review presents features of sequenced chloroplast genomes of bryophytes.
Bryophytes (liverworts, mosses and hornworts) hold the basal most position among extant land plants. The present study deals with comparative analysis of available mitochondrial genomes of bryophytes using bioinformatics tools. These mitochondrial genomes belong to 2 liverworts, 1 moss and 2 hornworts. The analysis is based on multiple genome analysis through whole proteome comparison to detect conservation between mitochondrial genomes of bryophytes.
Eighty-five species of liverworts can be attributed to the atlantic element in Europe. These are grouped into tropical species, macaronesian species and species which reach to a different extend from the Macaronesian Islands to the Iberian Peninsula, Brittany, England and Ireland, Scotland, SW-Norway and the Faeroers as well as species which extend to the mountains of Central Europe, and species disjunct with the Himalayas or the east coast of North America. Since many of these species are called as relict species, the origin of these species is discussed and the arguments for and against relicts/long distance dispersal are enumerated. There are many arguments for a relict status but also for long distance dispersal. It can therefore be concluded that both cases are realized in different species.
Bryoflora of Munsyari and Dharchula Tehsil of Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand, Western Himalayas, India
(2012)
Uttarakhand state of India comprises unique topographical conditions and hence is rich in bryophytes. In present work two Tehsils-Munsyari and Dharchula of Pithoragarh have been explored extensively to assess the bryophytic wealth of this district. A preliminary checklist has been prepared which revealed the occurrence of 51 taxa of bryophytes from this district.
Scopelophila cataractae, a species on heavy metal rich substrates, was first recorded for Europe in 1967 from Britain and subsequently recorded from many localities contaminated with heavy metal especially around zinc works. It was found in Germany on schist-walls nearby mines from the nineteenth century. This could indicate that the species was present in Europe already prior to 1967 but overlooked. Records even from solid rock nearby mines suggest a status as native species, however, the species had not been observed in the inrtensively floristically studied region before 1870.
Based on collections of the author in February and March 2012, Notothylas breutelii, Syzigiella perfoliata, Campylopus lamellinervis. as well as the genus Riccia are reported as new to the Dominican Republic. Sixteen new provincial records are given. Updated and revised lists of the mosses of the Dominican republic as well as the province of La Plata are given.
L’Herbier de Strasbourg rassemble plusieurs dizaines de milliers de spécimens de Bryophytes dont la collection Nees von Esenbeck. A partir du "Lexikon deutschsprachiger Bryologen“ de J.P. Frahm et J. Eggers (2001) la liste de 199 bryologues ayant déposé des spécimens à Strasbourg (STR) est présentée, associée à une courte biographie et à l’origine géographique des récoltes botaniques.
The habitat as well as the unicellular thallus margins of Aneura maxima lead to the assumption that this species could be a hygromorphosis of A. pinguis. Therefore specimens of A. pinguis were cultivated in water. Even after four months the multicellular thallus margins were retained, which proved to be a stable character to separate A. pinguis from A. maxima. Therefore plants even with a small unistratose border, which are attributed to aquatic forms of A. pinguis, may belong to A. maxima. It is supposed that A. maxima was overlooked in Europe but regarded as aquatic forms of A. pinguis named as fo. rivularis. Such plants show unicellular thallus margins and are regarded as hygrophytic form of A. maxima. The presence viz. absence of an unicellular thallus margin seems to be a sufficient character to separate both species. The discussion about the width of the unistratose thallus margin is useless because the type of A. maxima has only 2-4 rows of unicellular cells and not 6-12 or more as attributed by European hepaticologists. This raises doubts whether the European material is identical with A. maxima rather with A. pellioides from Japan.
Moose spielen in Nahrungsketten meist nur eine kleine Rolle und nur wenige Tiergruppen treten bei Moosen als Herbivore auf. Im Winter 2009 konnten Pilzmücken (Mycetophilidae) bei der Aufnahme von Sporenpulver an Buxbaumia aphylla beobachtet werden. Mehrere adulte Individuen saßen an von Schnecken geöffneten Kapseln und nahmen grünes Sporenpulver auf. Während es bekannt ist, dass Schnecken als Konsument an Sporophyten auftreten, ist dies für adulte Pilzmücken neu. Möglicherweise profitieren Moosarten wie Buxbaumia durch diese Herbivorie, da hier auch eine zoochore Ausbreitung von Sporen durch Pilzmücken zu Stande kommen kann.