Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (82)
- Preprint (30)
- Conference Proceeding (1)
Language
- English (113) (remove)
Has Fulltext
- yes (113)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (113)
Keywords
- COVID-19 (5)
- SARS-CoV-2 (4)
- (surface) partial differential equations (3)
- Finite Volumes (3)
- Liver cirrhosis (3)
- computational virology (3)
- massively parallel multigrid solvers (3)
- realistic geometries (3)
- viral dynamics (3)
- 3D spatio-temporal resolved mathematical models (2)
- HIV (2)
- Patient blood management (2)
- clinical immunology (2)
- elderly (2)
- hepatitis C virus (2)
- hepatitis C virus (HCV) (2)
- immune reconstitution (2)
- influenza (2)
- mathematical models of viral RNA cycle (2)
- out-patient paediatrics (2)
- respiratory tract infection (2)
- sphingolipid (2)
- within-host viral modelling (2)
- 3D laparoscopy (1)
- 3D spatiotemporal resolved mathematical models (1)
- ATM (1)
- Acoustics (1)
- Acute respiratory distress syndrom (1)
- Age estimation (1)
- Aging (1)
- Alcoholic liver disease (1)
- Allergic rhinitis (1)
- Analysis tool (1)
- Antibody therapy (1)
- Aspergillus fumigatus (1)
- Ataxia telangiectasia (1)
- BNT162b2 (1)
- Bamlanivimab (1)
- Blood loss estimation (1)
- Blow flies (1)
- CD3/19 depletion (1)
- CD34 selection (1)
- COVID 19 (1)
- CRM (1)
- CVID (1)
- Caco-2 cells (1)
- Cancer detection and diagnosis (1)
- Cancer treatment (1)
- Capnography (1)
- Casirivimab (1)
- Cell motility (1)
- Cell salvage (1)
- Cell-to-Cell Spread (1)
- ChAdOx1-S (1)
- Chronic heart failure (1)
- Colorectal cancer (1)
- Colorimetric blood loss estimation (1)
- Comprehensive complication index (1)
- Compression stocking (1)
- Computed axial tomography (1)
- Cytology (1)
- Cytoskeletal proteins (1)
- DHA (1)
- Deep vein thrombosis (1)
- Deformation (1)
- Direct measurement (1)
- Double-blind placebo-controlled trial (1)
- EPA (1)
- Early goal-directed therapy (1)
- Electron-pion identification (1)
- Ellipsoids (1)
- Endoscopy (1)
- Epidural block (1)
- European Society for Immunodeficiencies (ESID) (1)
- Exercise challenge (1)
- Exercise challenge at an ambient temperature (1)
- Exercise challenge in a cold chamber (1)
- Exercise-induced asthma (1)
- Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (1)
- Exhaled nitric oxide (1)
- Fibre/foam sandwich radiator (1)
- Fibrotest (1)
- Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (1)
- Forensic entomology (1)
- GVHD (1)
- Genetic testing (1)
- German PID-NET registry (1)
- Gravimetric method (1)
- H1N1 (1)
- HCV (1)
- HSCT (1)
- Hemagglutination inhibition assay (1)
- Hemorrhage (1)
- Hepatitis (1)
- Hepatocellular carcinoma (1)
- Hepatotoxicity (1)
- Heterologous prime-boost (1)
- House dust mite allergy (1)
- Hypoxia (1)
- IgE (1)
- IgG substitution therapy (1)
- IgG4-related disease (1)
- Imdevimab (1)
- Immune suppression (1)
- Immunogenicity (1)
- Immunohistochemistry techniques (1)
- Immunology (1)
- In-line filtration (1)
- Indeterminate biliary stricture (1)
- Inflammation (1)
- Infusion management (1)
- Integrated Pulmonary Index (1)
- Intensive care (1)
- Intensive care unit (1)
- Intensive care units (1)
- Interleukin-22 (1)
- Intubation (1)
- Ionisation energy loss (1)
- LC–MS/MS (1)
- Linear regression analysis (1)
- Liver diseases (1)
- Liver enzymes (1)
- Liver transplantation (1)
- Liver-related complications (1)
- LncRNA (1)
- Local IgE (1)
- Local allergic rhinitis (1)
- Longchain polyunsaturated fatty acids (1)
- MELD (1)
- Medical ethics (1)
- Metastasis (1)
- Metastatic tumors (1)
- Methacholine challenge test (1)
- MitraClip (1)
- Monitoring (1)
- Morbidity (1)
- Mortality (1)
- Multi-wire proportional drift chamber (1)
- NK cell (1)
- NK cell subset (1)
- Neural network (1)
- Nkx2-5 (1)
- Non-allergic-rhinitis (1)
- Nox4 (1)
- Opioids (1)
- Organ dysfunction (1)
- PCR (1)
- PID prevalence (1)
- Particles (1)
- Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (1)
- Portal hypertension (1)
- Post-mortem interval (1)
- Primary prophylaxis (1)
- Propensity score matching (1)
- Pulmonary artery pressure (1)
- Pulmonary embolism (1)
- Radiation exposure (1)
- Reactogenicity (1)
- Regression analysis (1)
- Remote monitoring (1)
- S1P (1)
- SCT (1)
- SR-BI (1)
- SVR (1)
- SW480 cells (1)
- Sedation (1)
- Sedatives (1)
- Sepsis-bundle (1)
- Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (1)
- Surgical and invasive medical procedures (1)
- Surgical oncology (1)
- TR (1)
- Thyroid (1)
- Tracking (1)
- Transfusion (1)
- Transient elastography (1)
- Transition radiation detector (1)
- Trigger (1)
- Ultrasound imaging (1)
- Venous thromboembolism (1)
- Ventilators (1)
- Viral load (1)
- Visual estimation (1)
- Volumetric analysis (1)
- Xenon-based gas mixture (1)
- acoustic radiation force impulse (1)
- acute cholecystitis (1)
- acute lung injury (1)
- acute respiratory distress syndrome (1)
- allogeneic stem cell transplantation (1)
- angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3) (1)
- ataxia score (1)
- ataxia telangiectasia (1)
- basic mechanisms (1)
- bevacizumab (1)
- bile duct stenosis (1)
- biomarker (1)
- body plethysmography (1)
- bronchial allergen provocation (1)
- cART (1)
- cardiac surgery (1)
- cell salvage (1)
- cells (1)
- ceramide (1)
- chemotherapy (1)
- children (1)
- chronic hepatitis C (1)
- chronic inflammation (1)
- co-infection (1)
- critical care (1)
- cystic fibrosis (1)
- cytotoxicity (1)
- dE/dx (1)
- delayed cholecystectomy (1)
- dentin adhesives (1)
- direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment (1)
- direct-acting antivirals (1)
- early cholecystectomy (1)
- endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (1)
- endoscopy (1)
- eosinophilic cholangitis (1)
- fibroblasts (1)
- first-line chemotherapy (1)
- gallstone disease (1)
- gargle lavage (1)
- gender dysphoria (1)
- gender-affirming hormone therapy (1)
- hepatic fibrosis (1)
- hepatic steatosis (1)
- hepatitis C (1)
- hypertrophy (1)
- hypnotics and sedatives (1)
- immunity (1)
- immunosenescence (1)
- immunosuppression (1)
- in vitro (1)
- infection (1)
- inflammation (1)
- insulin resistance (1)
- intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (1)
- legal gender reassignment (1)
- liver cirrhosis (1)
- liver disease (1)
- liver fibrosis (1)
- lung function (1)
- lymphocytes (1)
- mechanical accuracy (1)
- metastatic colorectal cancer (1)
- mortality risk (1)
- multimorbidity (1)
- nasal swab (1)
- neurodegeneration (1)
- overall survival (1)
- oxLDL (1)
- parameter estimation (1)
- patient (1)
- patient blood management (1)
- phantom study (1)
- pneumocystis (1)
- population dynamics (1)
- portal hypertension (1)
- postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans (1)
- primary immunodeficiency (PID) (1)
- primary sclerosing cholangitis (1)
- prone position (1)
- pulmonary ventilation (1)
- registry for primary immunodeficiency (1)
- renal transplantation (1)
- risk factors (1)
- robot-guided stereotaxy (1)
- saliva (1)
- screening (1)
- self-collected samples (1)
- severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (1)
- simulation (1)
- stereotactic frame (1)
- stereotactic neurosurgery (1)
- stroke (1)
- survival (1)
- thrombolysis (1)
- training (1)
- trans (1)
- transfusion (1)
- transient elastography (1)
- transplantation (1)
- transsexualism (1)
- ulcerative colitis (1)
- vaccination (1)
- within-host viral modeling (1)
Institute
- Medizin (79)
- Informatik (35)
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS) (33)
- Physik (33)
- Georg-Speyer-Haus (2)
- Biochemie und Chemie (1)
- Biowissenschaften (1)
- Exzellenzcluster Herz-Lungen-System (1)
- Goethe-Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen (G-CSC) (1)
- Institut für Ökologie, Evolution und Diversität (1)
The Transition Radiation Detector (TRD) was designed and built to enhance the capabilities of the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). While aimed at providing electron identification and triggering, the TRD also contributes significantly to the track reconstruction and calibration in the central barrel of ALICE. In this paper the design, construction, operation, and performance of this detector are discussed. A pion rejection factor of up to 410 is achieved at a momentum of 1 GeV/c in p-Pb collisions and the resolution at high transverse momentum improves by about 40% when including the TRD information in track reconstruction. The triggering capability is demonstrated both for jet, light nuclei, and electron selection.
Exploring biophysical properties of virus-encoded components and their requirement for virus replication is an exciting new area of interdisciplinary virological research. To date, spatial resolution has only rarely been analyzed in computational/biophysical descriptions of virus replication dynamics. However, it is widely acknowledged that intracellular spatial dependence is a crucial component of virus life cycles. The hepatitis C virus-encoded NS5A protein is an endoplasmatic reticulum (ER)-anchored viral protein and an essential component of the virus replication machinery. Therefore, we simulate NS5A dynamics on realistic reconstructed, curved ER surfaces by means of surface partial differential equations (sPDE) upon unstructured grids. We match the in silico NS5A diffusion constant such that the NS5A sPDE simulation data reproduce experimental NS5A fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) time series data. This parameter estimation yields the NS5A diffusion constant. Such parameters are needed for spatial models of HCV dynamics, which we are developing in parallel but remain qualitative at this stage. Thus, our present study likely provides the first quantitative biophysical description of the movement of a viral component. Our spatio-temporal resolved ansatz paves new ways for understanding intricate spatial-defined processes central to specfic aspects of virus life cycles.
Purpose: The aim of the study was to compare three different elastography methods, namely Strain Elastography (SE), Point Shear-Wave Elastography (pSWE) using Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI)-Imaging and 2D-Shear Wave Elastography (2D-SWE), in the same study population for the differentiation of thyroid nodules.
Materials and methods: All patients received a conventional ultrasound scan, SE and 2D-SWE, and all patients except for two received ARFI-Imaging. Cytology/histology of thyroid nodules was used as a reference method. SE measures the relative stiffness within the region of interest (ROI) using the surrounding tissue as reference tissue. ARFI mechanically excites the tissue at the ROI using acoustic pulses to generate localized tissue displacements. 2D-SWE measures tissue elasticity using the velocity of many shear waves as they propagate through the tissue.
Results: 84 nodules (73 benign and 11 malignant) in 62 patients were analyzed. Sensitivity, specificity and NPV of SE were 73%, 70% and 94%, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity and NPV of ARFI and 2D-SWE were 90%, 79%, 98% and 73%, 67%, 94% respectively, using a cut-off value of 1.98m/s for ARFI and 2.65m/s (21.07kPa) for 2D-SWE. The AUROC (Area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic) of SE, ARFI and 2D-SWE for the diagnosis of malignant thyroid nodules were 52%, 86% and 71%, respectively. A significant difference in AUROC was found between SE and ARFI (p = 0.008), while no significant difference was found between ARFI and SWE (86% vs. 71%, p = 0.31), or SWE and SE (71% vs. 52%, p = 0.26).
Conclusion: pSWE using ARFI and 2D-SWE showed comparable results for the differentiation of thyroid nodules. ARFI was superior to elastography using SE.
Acute cholecystitis – a cohort study in a real-world clinical setting (REWO study, NCT02796443)
(2018)
Background: For decades, the optimal timing of surgery for acute cholecystitis has been controversial. Recent meta-analyses and population-based studies favor early surgery. One recent large randomized trial has demonstrated that a delayed approach increases morbidity and cost compared to early surgery within 24 hours of hospital admission. Since cases of severe cholecystitis were excluded from this trial, we argue that these results do not reflect real-world clinical situations. From our point of view, these results were in contrast to the clinical experience with our patients; so, we decided to analyze critically all our patients with the null hypothesis that the patients treated with a delayed cholecystectomy after an acute cholecystitis have a similar or even better outcome than those treated with an early operative approach.
Patients and methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical data from all patients with cholecystectomies in the period between January 2006 and September 2015. A total of 1,723 patients were categorized into four groups: early (n=138): urgent surgery of patients with acute cholecystitis within the first 72 hours of the onset of symptoms; intermediate (n=297): surgery of patients with acute cholecystitis within an average of 10 days after the onset of symptoms; delayed (n=427): initial non-surgical treatment of acute cholecystitis with surgery performed within 6–12 weeks of the onset of symptoms; and elective (n=868): cholecystectomy within a symptom-free interval of choice in patients with symptomatic cholecystolithiasis without signs of acute cholecystitis.
Results: In a real-world scenario, early/intermediate cholecystectomy in acute cholecystitis was associated with a significant increase in morbidity and mortality (Clavien–Dindo score) compared to a delayed approach with surgery performed 6–12 weeks after the onset of symptoms. The adjusted linear rank statistics showed a decrease in the complication score with values of 2.29 in the early group, 0.48 in the intermediate group, –0.26 in the delayed group and –2.12 in the elective group. The results translate into a continuous decrease of the complication score from early over intermediate and delayed to the elective group.
Conclusion: These results demonstrate that delayed cholecystectomy can be performed safely. In cases with severe cholecystitis, early and/or intermediate approaches still have a relatively high risk of morbidity and mortality.
Aim: Patients with advanced systolic chronic heart failure frequently suffer from progressive functional mitral regurgitation. We report our initial experience in patients with an implanted pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) sensor, who developed severe mitral regurgitation, which was treated with the MitraClip system. We non‐invasively compared changes in PAP values in patients after MitraClip with PAP changes in patients without MitraClip.
Methods and results: Among 28 patients with New York Heart Association III heart failure with implanted PAP sensor for haemodynamic telemonitoring from a single centre, four patients (age 66 ± 6 years, left ventricular ejection fraction 21 ± 3%, and cardiac index 1.8 ± 0.3) received a MitraClip procedure and were compared with 24 patients (age 72 ± 8 years, left ventricular ejection fraction 26 ± 9.9%, and cardiac index 2.0 ± 1.0) without MitraClip procedure in a descriptive manner. Ambulatory PAP values were followed for 90 days in both groups. In comparison with the PAP values 4 weeks before MitraClip procedure, PAP was profoundly reduced in all four patients after 30 days (ΔPAPmean −11 ± 5, ΔPAPdiast −7 ± 3 mmHg, P < 0.02) as well as after 90 days (ΔPAPmean −6.3 ± 6, ΔPAPdiast −1 ± 3 mmHg). Reductions in PAP were accompanied by a profound reduction in N terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide as well as clinical and echocardiographic improvement. When analysing the dynamics with a regression model, reductions in all PAP values were significantly greater after MitraClip compared with conservative haemodynamic monitoring (P < 0.001).
Conclusions: The efficacy of the interventional MitraClip procedure on clinical symptoms can be confirmed by haemodynamic telemonitoring. Thus, daily non‐invasive haemodynamic telemonitoring allows, for the first time, for a continuous assessment of the haemodynamic efficacy of novel therapies in patients with chronic heart failure.
Background: Subdural hematoma (SDH) is a common disease associated with high morbidity, which is becoming more prominent due to the increasing incidence. Decision for a surgical evacuation is made depending on the clinical appearance and the volume of SDH, wherefore it is important to have a simple ‘bedside’ method to measure and compare the volume of SDH.
Objective: The aim of the study was to verify the accuracy of the simplified ABC/2 volumetric formula to determine a valuable tool for the clinical practice.
Methods: Preoperative CT-scans of 83 patients with SDHs were used for the computer-assisted volumetric measurement via BrainLab® as well as the ABC/2 volumetric measurement. A = largest length (anterior to posterior) of the SDH; B = maximum width (lateral to midline) 90° to A; C = maximum height (coronal plane or multiplication of slices) of the hematoma. These measurements were performed by two independent clinicians in a blinded fashion. Both volumes were compared by linear regression analysis of Pearson and Bland-Altman regression analysis.
Results: Among 100 SDHs, 53% were under an 47% were over 100cm3 showing a well distribution of the hematoma sizes. There was an excellent correlation between computer-assisted volumetric measurement and ABC/2 (R2 = 0.947, p<0.0001) and no undesirable deviation and trend were detected (p = 0.101; p = 0.777). A 95% tolerance region of the ratios of both methods was [0.805–1.201].
Conclusion: The ABC/2 method is a simple and fast bedside formula for the measurement of SDH volume in a timely manner without limited access through simple adaption, which may replace the computer-assisted volumetric measurement in the clinical and research area. Reason for the good accuracy seems to be the spherical form of SDH, which has a similarity to a half ellipsoid.
Rapid immune reconstitution (IR) following stem cell transplantation (SCT) is essential for a favorable outcome. The optimization of graft composition should not only enable a sufficient IR but also improve graft vs. leukemia/tumor effects, overcome infectious complications and, finally, improve patient survival. Especially in haploidentical SCT, the optimization of graft composition is controversial. Therefore, we analyzed the influence of graft manipulation on IR in 40 patients with acute leukemia in remission. We examined the cell recovery post haploidentical SCT in patients receiving a CD34+-selected or CD3/CD19-depleted graft, considering the applied conditioning regimen. We used joint model analysis for overall survival (OS) and analyzed the dynamics of age-adjusted leukocytes; lymphocytes; monocytes; CD3+, CD3+CD4+, and CD3+CD8+ T cells; natural killer (NK) cells; and B cells over the course of time after SCT. Lymphocytes, NK cells, and B cells expanded more rapidly after SCT with CD34+-selected grafts (P = 0.036, P = 0.002, and P < 0.001, respectively). Contrarily, CD3+CD4+ helper T cells recovered delayer in the CD34 selected group (P = 0.026). Furthermore, reduced intensity conditioning facilitated faster immune recovery of lymphocytes and T cells and their subsets (P < 0.001). However, the immune recovery for NK cells and B cells was comparable for patients who received reduced-intensity or full preparative regimens. Dynamics of all cell types had a significant influence on OS, which did not differ between patients receiving CD34+-selected and those receiving CD3/CD19-depleted grafts. In conclusion, cell reconstitution dynamics showed complex diversity with regard to the graft manufacturing procedure and conditioning regimen.
Background and aims: Liver steatosis has shown to be associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of our study was to evaluate the association between the presence and severity of CAD and Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) assessed by transient elastography (TE) and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP).
Methods: 576 Patients undergoing coronary angiography were enrolled in this prospective study, receiving at least 10 TE and CAP measurements using the FibroScan® M-probe. Clinically relevant CAD (CAD 3) was defined as stenosis with ≥75% reduction of the luminal diameter. NAFLD was determined by CAP ≥234 dB/m. NAFLD with advanced fibrosiswas determined by TE-values ≥7.9kPa in the presence of NAFLD and absence of congestive or right-sided heart failure. Rates and 95% confidence intervals are shown.
Results: 505 patients were available for analysis of NAFLD. However, only 392 patients were available for analysis of NAFLD with advanced fibrosis, since 24 patients had to be excluded due to non valid TE-measurements and 89 patients due to congestive or right-sided heart failure or suspected concomitant liver disease, respectively. 70.5% (66.3%-74.4%) of patients had CAD 3, 71.5% (67.3%-75.4%) were diagnosed with NAFLD, and 11.2% (8.3%-14.8%) with NAFLD with advanced fibrosis. Patients with CAD 3 had higher median CAP-values (273±61 vs. 260±66 dB/m; p = 0.038) and higher degrees of steatosis as compared to patients without CAD 3. While NAFLD was significantly more often diagnosed in patients with CAD 3 (75.0% vs. 63.1%, p = 0.0068), no significant difference was found for NAFLD with advanced fibrosis (10.7% vs. 12.5%, p = 0.60).
Conclusions: Clinically relevant CAD is frequently associated with the presence of NAFLD, but not NAFLD with advanced fibrosis.
Ongoing liver inflammation in patients with chronic hepatitis C and sustained virological response
(2017)
Background: Novel direct-acting antiviral DAA combination therapies tremendously improved sustained virologic response (SVR) rates in patients with chronic HCV infection. SVR is typically accompanied by normalization of liver enzymes, however, hepatic inflammation, i.e. persistently elevated aminotransferase levels may persist despite HCV eradication. Aim: To investigate prevalence and risk factors for ongoing hepatic inflammation after SVR in two large patient cohorts.
Methods: This post-hoc analysis was based on prospectively collected demographic and clinical data from 834 patients with SVR after HCV treatment with either PegIFN- or DAA-based treatment regimens from the PRAMA trial (n = 341) or patients treated at our outpatient clinic (n = 493).
Results: We observed an unexpected high prevalence of post-SVR inflammation, including patients who received novel IFN-free DAA-based therapies. Up to 10% of patients had ongoing elevation of aminotransferase levels and another 25% showed aminotransferase activity above the so-called healthy range. Several baseline factors were independently associated with post-SVR aminotransferase elevation. Among those, particularly male gender, advanced liver disease and markers for liver steatosis were strongly predictive for persistent ALT elevation. The use of IFN-based antiviral treatment was independently correlated with post-SVR inflammation, further supporting the overall benefit of IFN-free combination regimens.
Conclusion: This is the first comprehensive study on a large patient cohort investigating the prevalence and risk factors for ongoing liver inflammation after eradication of HCV. Our data show a high proportion of patients with ongoing hepatic inflammation despite HCV eradication with potential implications for the management of approximately one third of all patients upon SVR.
Mathematical models of virus dynamics have not previously acknowledged spatial resolution at the intracellular level despite substantial arguments that favor the consideration of intracellular spatial dependence. The replication of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) viral RNA (vRNA) occurs within special replication complexes formed from membranes derived from endoplasmatic reticulum (ER). These regions, termed membranous webs, are generated primarily through specific interactions between nonstructural virus-encoded proteins (NSPs) and host cellular factors. The NSPs are responsible for the replication of the vRNA and their movement is restricted to the ER surface. Therefore, in this study we developed fully spatio-temporal resolved models of the vRNA replication cycle of HCV. Our simulations are performed upon realistic reconstructed cell structures—namely the ER surface and the membranous webs—based on data derived from immunostained cells replicating HCV vRNA. We visualized 3D simulations that reproduced dynamics resulting from interplay of the different components of our models (vRNA, NSPs, and a host factor), and we present an evaluation of the concentrations for the components within different regions of the cell. Thus far, our model is restricted to an internal portion of a hepatocyte and is qualitative more than quantitative. For a quantitative adaption to complete cells, various additional parameters will have to be determined through further in vitro cell biology experiments, which can be stimulated by the results deccribed in the present study.