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Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) is a subtype of Hodgkin lymphoma with a preserved B‐cell phenotype and follicular T helper (TFH) cells rosetting around the tumor cells, the lymphocyte‐predominant (LP) cells. As we recently described reactivity of the B‐cell receptors of LP cells of some NLPHL cases with Moraxella spp. proteins, we hypothesized that LP cells could present peptides to rosetting T cells in a major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII)‐bound manner. Rosetting PD1+ T cells were present in the majority of NLPHL cases, both in typical (17/20) and variant patterns (16/19). In most cases, T‐cell rosettes were CD69+ (typical NLPHL, 17/20; NLPHL variant, 14/19). Furthermore, both MHCII alpha and beta chains were expressed in the LP cells in 23/39 NLPHL. Proximity ligation assay and confocal laser imaging demonstrated interaction of the MHCII beta chain expressed by the LP cells and the T‐cell receptor alpha chain expressed by rosetting T cells. We thus conclude that rosetting T cells in NLPHL express markers that are encountered after antigenic exposure, that MHCII is expressed by the LP cells, and that LP cells interact with rosetting T cells in an immunological synapse in a subset of cases. As they likely receive growth stimulatory signals in this way, blockade of this interaction, for example, by PD1‐directed checkpoint inhibitors, could be a treatment option in a subset of cases in the future.
Objective: Many patients with localized prostate cancer (PCa) do not immediately undergo radical prostatectomy (RP) after biopsy confirmation. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of “time-from-biopsy-to- prostatectomy” on adverse pathological outcomes.
Materials and Methods: Between January 2014 and December 2019, 437 patients with intermediate- and high risk PCa who underwent RP were retrospectively identified within our prospective institutional database. For the aim of our study, we focused on patients with intermediate- (n = 285) and high-risk (n = 151) PCa using D'Amico risk stratification. Endpoints were adverse pathological outcomes and proportion of nerve-sparing procedures after RP stratified by “time-from-biopsy-to-prostatectomy”: ≤3 months vs. >3 and < 6 months. Medians and interquartile ranges (IQR) were reported for continuously coded variables. The chi-square test examined the statistical significance of the differences in proportions while the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to examine differences in medians. Multivariable (ordered) logistic regressions, analyzing the impact of time between diagnosis and prostatectomy, were separately run for all relevant outcome variables (ISUP specimen, margin status, pathological stage, pathological nodal status, LVI, perineural invasion, nerve-sparing).
Results: We observed no difference between patients undergoing RP ≤3 months vs. >3 and <6 months after diagnosis for the following oncological endpoints: pT-stage, ISUP grading, probability of a positive surgical margin, probability of lymph node invasion (LNI), lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and perineural invasion (pn) in patients with intermediate- and high-risk PCa. Likewise, the rates of nerve sparing procedures were 84.3 vs. 87.4% (p = 0.778) and 61.0% vs. 78.8% (p = 0.211), for intermediate- and high-risk PCa patients undergoing surgery after ≤3 months vs. >3 and <6 months, respectively. In multivariable adjusted analyses, a time to surgery >3 months did not significantly worsen any of the outcome variables in patients with intermediate- or high-risk PCa (all p > 0.05).
Conclusion: A “time-from-biopsy-to-prostatectomy” of >3 and <6 months is neither associated with adverse pathological outcomes nor poorer chances of nerve sparing RP in intermediate- and high-risk PCa patients.
Background: H5N1 influenza vaccines, including live intranasal, appear to be relatively less immunogenic compared to seasonal analogs. The main influenza virus surface glycoprotein hemagglutinin (HA) of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIV) was shown to be more susceptible to acidic pH treatment than that of human or low pathogenic avian influenza viruses. The acidification machinery of the human nasal passageway in response to different irritation factors starts to release protons acidifying the mucosal surface (down to pH of 5.2). We hypothesized that the sensitivity of H5 HA to the acidic environment might be the reason for the low infectivity and immunogenicity of intranasal H5N1 vaccines for mammals. Methodology/Principal Findings: We demonstrate that original human influenza viruses infect primary human nasal epithelial cells at acidic pH (down to 5.4), whereas H5N1 HPAIVs lose infectivity at pH <= 5.6. The HA of A/Vietnam/1203/04 was modified by introducing the single substitution HA2 58K -> I, decreasing the pH of the HA conformational change. The H5N1 reassortants containing the indicated mutation displayed an increased resistance to acidic pH and high temperature treatment compared to those lacking modification. The mutation ensured a higher viral uptake as shown by immunohistochemistry in the respiratory tract of mice and 25 times lower mouse infectious dose50. Moreover, the reassortants keeping 58K -> I mutation designed as a live attenuated vaccine candidate lacking an NS1 gene induced superior systemic and local antibody response after the intranasal immunization of mice. Conclusion/Significance: Our finding suggests that an efficient intranasal vaccination with a live attenuated H5N1 virus may require a certain level of pH and temperature stability of HA in order to achieve an optimal virus uptake by the nasal epithelial cells and induce a sufficient immune response. The pH of the activation of the H5 HA protein may play a substantial role in the infectivity of HPAIVs for mammals.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to greatly improve the delivery of healthcare and other services that advance population health and wellbeing. However, the use of AI in healthcare also brings potential risks that may cause unintended harm. To guide future developments in AI, the High-Level Expert Group on AI set up by the European Commission (EC), recently published ethics guidelines for what it terms “trustworthy” AI. These guidelines are aimed at a variety of stakeholders, especially guiding practitioners toward more ethical and more robust applications of AI. In line with efforts of the EC, AI ethics scholarship focuses increasingly on converting abstract principles into actionable recommendations. However, the interpretation, relevance, and implementation of trustworthy AI depend on the domain and the context in which the AI system is used. The main contribution of this paper is to demonstrate how to use the general AI HLEG trustworthy AI guidelines in practice in the healthcare domain. To this end, we present a best practice of assessing the use of machine learning as a supportive tool to recognize cardiac arrest in emergency calls. The AI system under assessment is currently in use in the city of Copenhagen in Denmark. The assessment is accomplished by an independent team composed of philosophers, policy makers, social scientists, technical, legal, and medical experts. By leveraging an interdisciplinary team, we aim to expose the complex trade-offs and the necessity for such thorough human review when tackling socio-technical applications of AI in healthcare. For the assessment, we use a process to assess trustworthy AI, called 1Z-Inspection® to identify specific challenges and potential ethical trade-offs when we consider AI in practice.
Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is caused by recurrent somatic mutations leading to clonal blood cell expansion. However, direct evidence of the fitness of CHIP-mutated human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in blood reconstitution is lacking. Because myeloablative treatment and transplantation enforce stress on HSCs, we followed 81 patients with solid tumors or lymphoid diseases undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for the development of CHIP. We found a high incidence of CHIP (22%) after ASCT with a high mean variant allele frequency (VAF) of 10.7%. Most mutations were already present in the graft, albeit at lower VAFs, demonstrating a selective reconstitution advantage of mutated HSCs after ASCT. However, patients with CHIP mutations in DNA-damage response genes showed delayed neutrophil reconstitution. Thus, CHIP-mutated stem and progenitor cells largely gain on clone size upon ASCT-related blood reconstitution, leading to an increased future risk of CHIP-associated complications.
Electroencephalography (EEG) represents a widely established method for assessing altered and typically developing brain function. However, systematic studies on EEG data quality, its correlates, and consequences are scarce. To address this research gap, the current study focused on the percentage of artifact-free segments after standard EEG pre-processing as a data quality index. We analyzed participant-related and methodological influences, and validity by replicating landmark EEG effects. Further, effects of data quality on spectral power analyses beyond participant-related characteristics were explored. EEG data from a multicenter ADHD-cohort (age range 6 to 45 years), and a non-ADHD school-age control group were analyzed (ntotal = 305). Resting-state data during eyes open, and eyes closed conditions, and task-related data during a cued Continuous Performance Task (CPT) were collected. After pre-processing, general linear models, and stepwise regression models were fitted to the data. We found that EEG data quality was strongly related to demographic characteristics, but not to methodological factors. We were able to replicate maturational, task, and ADHD effects reported in the EEG literature, establishing a link with EEG-landmark effects. Furthermore, we showed that poor data quality significantly increases spectral power beyond effects of maturation and symptom severity. Taken together, the current results indicate that with a careful design and systematic quality control, informative large-scale multicenter trials characterizing neurophysiological mechanisms in neurodevelopmental disorders across the lifespan are feasible. Nevertheless, results are restricted to the limitations reported. Future work will clarify predictive value.
Background/Aims: An estimated 80 million people worldwide are infected with viremic hepatitis C virus (HCV). Even after eradication of HCV with direct acting antivirals (DAAs), hepatic fibrosis remains a risk factor for hepatocarcinogenesis. Recently, we confirmed the applicability of microfibrillar-associated protein 4 (MFAP4) as a serum biomarker for the assessment of hepatic fibrosis. The aim of the present study was to assess the usefulness of MFAP4 as a biomarker of liver fibrosis after HCV eliminating therapy with DAAs.
Methods: MFAP4 was measured using an immunoassay in 50 hepatitis C patients at baseline (BL), the end-of-therapy (EoT), and the 12-week follow-up visit (FU). Changes in MFAP4 from BL to FU and their association with laboratory parameters including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), platelets, the AST to platelet ratio index (APRI), fibrosis-4 score (FIB-4), and albumin were analyzed.
Results: MFAP4 serum levels were representative of the severity of hepatic fibrosis at BL and correlated well with laboratory parameters, especially APRI (Spearman correlation, R²=0.80). Laboratory parameters decreased significantly from BL to EoT. MFAP4 serum levels were found to decrease from BL and EoT to FU with high statistical significance (Wilcoxon p<0.001 for both).
Conclusions: Our findings indicate that viral eradication resulted in reduced MFAP4 serum levels, presumably representing a decrease in hepatic fibrogenesis or fibrosis. Hence, MFAP4 may be a useful tool for risk assessment in hepatitis C patients with advanced fibrosis after eradication of the virus.
hintergrund: Männer in Deutschland sterben früher als Frauen und nehmen weniger häufig Krebsvorsorgeuntersuchungen wahr.
Fragestellung: Ziel war die prospektive Evaluation einer „Movember-Gesundheitsinitiative“ am Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt (UKF) im November 2019.
Methoden: Im Rahmen der „Movember-Gesundheitsinitiative“ wurde allen männlichen Mitarbeitern des UKF ab dem 45. Lebensjahr und bei erstgradiger familiärer Vorbelastung eines Prostatakarzinoms ab dem 40. Lebensjahr im November 2019 gemäß S3-Leitlinien der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Urologie (DGU) eine Prostatakarzinom-Vorsorgeuntersuchung angeboten.
Ergebnisse: Insgesamt nahmen 14,4 % der Mitarbeiter teil. Eine familiäre Vorbelastung gaben insgesamt 14,0 % Teilnehmer an. Das mediane Alter betrug 54 Jahre. Der mediane PSA(prostataspezifisches Antigen)-Wert lag bei 0,9 ng/ml, der mediane PSA-Quotient bei 30 %. Bei 5 % (n = 6) zeigte sich ein suspekter Tastbefund in der DRU (digital-rektale Untersuchung). Nach Altersstratifizierung (≤ 50 vs. > 50 Lebensjahre) zeigten sich signifikante Unterschiede im medianen PSA-Wert (0,7 ng/ml vs. 1,0 ng/ml, p < 0,01) und der bereits zuvor durchgeführten urologischen Vorsorge (12,1 vs. 42,0 %, p < 0,01). Vier Teilnehmer (3,3 %) zeigten erhöhte Gesamt-PSA-Werte. Bei 32,2 % der Teilnehmer zeigte sich mindestens ein kontrollbedürftiger Befund. Insgesamt wurden 6 Prostatabiopsien durchgeführt. Hierbei zeigte sich in einem Fall ein intermediate-risk Prostatakarzinom (Gleason 3 + 4, pT3a, pPn1, pNx, R0).
Schlussfolgerungung: Im Rahmen der UKF-Movember-Gesundheitsinitiative 2019 konnten durch ein Vorsorgeangebot 121 Männer für eine Prostatakrebs-Vorsorge inklusive PSA-Testung gewonnen werden. Auffällige/kontrollbedürftige Befunde zeigten sich bei 32,2 %. Bei einem Mitarbeiter wurde ein therapiebedürftiges Prostatakarzinom entdeckt und therapiert.
The ongoing pandemic caused by the Betacoronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2) demonstrates the urgent need of coordinated and rapid research towards inhibitors of the COVID-19 lung disease. The covid19-nmr consortium seeks to support drug development by providing publicly accessible NMR data on the viral RNA elements and proteins. The SARS-CoV-2 genome encodes for approximately 30 proteins, among them are the 16 so-called non-structural proteins (Nsps) of the replication/transcription complex. The 217-kDa large Nsp3 spans one polypeptide chain, but comprises multiple independent, yet functionally related domains including the viral papain-like protease. The Nsp3e sub-moiety contains a putative nucleic acid-binding domain (NAB) with so far unknown function and consensus target sequences, which are conceived to be both viral and host RNAs and DNAs, as well as protein-protein interactions. Its NMR-suitable size renders it an attractive object to study, both for understanding the SARS-CoV-2 architecture and drugability besides the classical virus’ proteases. We here report the near-complete NMR backbone chemical shifts of the putative Nsp3e NAB that reveal the secondary structure and compactness of the domain, and provide a basis for NMR-based investigations towards understanding and interfering with RNA- and small-molecule-binding by Nsp3e.
The SARS-CoV-2 genome encodes for approximately 30 proteins. Within the international project COVID19-NMR, we distribute the spectroscopic analysis of the viral proteins and RNA. Here, we report NMR chemical shift assignments for the protein Nsp3b, a domain of Nsp3. The 217-kDa large Nsp3 protein contains multiple structurally independent, yet functionally related domains including the viral papain-like protease and Nsp3b, a macrodomain (MD). In general, the MDs of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV were suggested to play a key role in viral replication by modulating the immune response of the host. The MDs are structurally conserved. They most likely remove ADP-ribose, a common posttranslational modification, from protein side chains. This de-ADP ribosylating function has potentially evolved to protect the virus from the anti-viral ADP-ribosylation catalyzed by poly-ADP-ribose polymerases (PARPs), which in turn are triggered by pathogen-associated sensing of the host immune system. This renders the SARS-CoV-2 Nsp3b a highly relevant drug target in the viral replication process. We here report the near-complete NMR backbone resonance assignment (1H, 13C, 15N) of the putative Nsp3b MD in its apo form and in complex with ADP-ribose. Furthermore, we derive the secondary structure of Nsp3b in solution. In addition, 15N-relaxation data suggest an ordered, rigid core of the MD structure. These data will provide a basis for NMR investigations targeted at obtaining small-molecule inhibitors interfering with the catalytic activity of Nsp3b.
The current outbreak of the highly infectious COVID-19 respiratory disease is caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2). To fight the pandemic, the search for promising viral drug targets has become a cross-border common goal of the international biomedical research community. Within the international Covid19-NMR consortium, scientists support drug development against SARS-CoV-2 by providing publicly available NMR data on viral proteins and RNAs. The coronavirus nucleocapsid protein (N protein) is an RNA-binding protein involved in viral transcription and replication. Its primary function is the packaging of the viral RNA genome. The highly conserved architecture of the coronavirus N protein consists of an N-terminal RNA-binding domain (NTD), followed by an intrinsically disordered Serine/Arginine (SR)-rich linker and a C-terminal dimerization domain (CTD). Besides its involvement in oligomerization, the CTD of the N protein (N-CTD) is also able to bind to nucleic acids by itself, independent of the NTD. Here, we report the near-complete NMR backbone chemical shift assignments of the SARS-CoV-2 N-CTD to provide the basis for downstream applications, in particular site-resolved drug binding studies.
Kálmán Vánky (15th of June 1930–18th of October 2021) was arguably the most prolific researcher of smut fungi so far. He published more than 1000 taxonomic novelties, and crowned his outstanding oeuvre with the most comprehensive monograph of the smut fungi (Smut Fungi of the World) written to date.
MTO1-deficient mouse model mirrors the human phenotype showing complex I defect and cardiomyopathy
(2014)
Recently, mutations in the mitochondrial translation optimization factor 1 gene (MTO1) were identified as causative in children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, lactic acidosis and respiratory chain defect. Here, we describe an MTO1-deficient mouse model generated by gene trap mutagenesis that mirrors the human phenotype remarkably well. As in patients, the most prominent signs and symptoms were cardiovascular and included bradycardia and cardiomyopathy. In addition, the mutant mice showed a marked worsening of arrhythmias during induction and reversal of anaesthesia. The detailed morphological and biochemical workup of murine hearts indicated that the myocardial damage was due to complex I deficiency and mitochondrial dysfunction. In contrast, neurological examination was largely normal in Mto1-deficient mice. A translational consequence of this mouse model may be to caution against anaesthesia-related cardiac arrhythmias which may be fatal in patients.
Background: Misconceptions about ADHD stigmatize affected people, reduce credibility of providers, and prevent/delay treatment. To challenge misconceptions, we curated findings with strong evidence base. Methods: We reviewed studies with more than 2000 participants or meta-analyses from five or more studies or 2000 or more participants. We excluded meta-analyses that did not assess publication bias, except for meta-analyses of prevalence. For network meta-analyses we required comparison adjusted funnel plots. We excluded treatment studies with waiting-list or treatment as usual controls. From this literature, we extracted evidence-based assertions about the disorder. Results: We generated 208 empirically supported statements about ADHD. The status of the included statements as empirically supported is approved by 80 authors from 27 countries and 6 continents. The contents of the manuscript are endorsed by 366 people who have read this document and agree with its contents. Conclusions: Many findings in ADHD are supported by meta-analysis. These allow for firm statements about the nature, course, outcome causes, and treatments for disorders that are useful for reducing misconceptions and stigma.
Protease inhibitors (PIs) are important components of treatment regimens for patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, emergence and persistence of antiviral resistance could reduce their efficacy. Thus, defining resistance determinants is highly relevant for efforts to control HCV. Here, we investigated patterns of PI resistance–associated substitutions (RASs) for the major HCV genotypes and viral determinants for persistence of key RASs. We identified protease position 156 as a RAS hotspot for genotype 1‐4, but not 5 and 6, escape variants by resistance profiling using PIs grazoprevir and paritaprevir in infectious cell culture systems. However, except for genotype 3, engineered 156‐RASs were not maintained. For genotypes 1 and 2, persistence of 156‐RASs depended on genome‐wide substitution networks, co‐selected under continued PI treatment and identified by next‐generation sequencing with substitution linkage and haplotype reconstruction. Persistence of A156T for genotype 1 relied on compensatory substitutions increasing replication and assembly. For genotype 2, initial selection of A156V facilitated transition to 156L, persisting without compensatory substitutions. The developed genotype 1, 2, and 3 variants with persistent 156‐RASs had exceptionally high fitness and resistance to grazoprevir, paritaprevir, glecaprevir, and voxilaprevir. A156T dominated in genotype 1 glecaprevir and voxilaprevir escape variants, and pre‐existing A156T facilitated genotype 1 escape from clinically relevant combination treatments with grazoprevir/elbasvir and glecaprevir/pibrentasvir. In genotype 1 infected patients with treatment failure and 156‐RASs, we observed genome‐wide selection of substitutions under treatment. Conclusion : Comprehensive PI resistance profiling for HCV genotypes 1‐6 revealed 156‐RASs as key determinants of high‐level resistance across clinically relevant PIs. We obtained in vitro proof of concept for persistence of highly fit genotype 1‐3 156‐variants, which might pose a threat to clinically relevant combination treatments.
Ausgangspunkt ist die Beobachtung, dass sich empirisch eine inklusive Schule oftmals als eine differenzierte und differenzierende Schule darstellt. Dies bezieht sich etwa auf die Ausdifferenzierung der ‚heterogenen Lehrgruppe‘. Im zeitgemäßen inklusiven Unterricht sind allgemein- und sonderpädagogische Lehrkräfte ebenso wie Schulbegleitungen anwesend. Auch Sozialpädagog*innen und Therapeut*innen gehören vermehrt zum Schulalltag.
Vorliegende Studien dokumentieren, dass die Gestaltung inklusiver Schulen bzw. von inklusivem Unterricht von nicht intendierten Effekten und Widerständigkeiten der Akteur*innen begleitet ist. Im Beitrag werden – basierend auf der ProFiS-Studie – zwei Herausforderungen von inklusiven Schulen in den Mittelpunkt gerückt. Zum einen wird auf das Spannungsfeld von Professionalisierung und Deprofessionalisierung eingegangen. Zum anderen stellt das Verhältnis von Kategorisierung und Dekategorisierung eine Herausforderung dar. Beide Relationen sind als Spannungsverhältnisse untereinander und zueinander zu denken, die sich nicht ‚einfach‘ in eine Richtung auflösen lassen, sondern die in ihrer Widersprüchlichkeit gerade konstitutiv für die Praxis ‚inklusiver Schulen‘ wirken. Zentrale Frage des Beitrags ist, wie dieses komplexe Spannungsverhältnis der wechselseitigen Bezogenheit de/kategorisierender und de/professionalisierender Prozesse in professionellen Aktivitäten hervorgebracht wird.
Rezensionen [2017]
(2017)
156 Ansari, Christine (Hrsg.): Adoleszenz in Medienkontexten. Literaturrezeption, Medienwirkung und Jugendmedienschutz (judith mathez)
158 Bachmann, Christian A. / Emans, Laura / Schmitz-Emans, Monika (Hrsg.): Bewegungsbücher. Spielformen, Poetiken, Konstellationen (gundel mattenklott)
160 Ballis, Anja /Schlachter, Birgit (Hrsg.): Schätze der Kinder- und Jugendliteratur wiederentdeckt. Frühe Lektüreerfahrung und Kanonbildung im akademischen Kontext (ernst seibert)
162 Benner, Julia: Federkrieg. Kinder- und Jugendliteratur gegen den Nationalsozialismus 1933 – 1945 (linde storm)
164 Born, Stefan: Allgemeinliterarische Adoleszenzromane. Untersuchungen zu Herrndorf, Regener, Strunk, Kehlmann und anderen (lena hoffmann)
166 Börnchen, Stefan: Poetik der Linie. Wilhelm Busch, Max und Moritz und die Tradition (lukas sarvari)
168 Burwitz-Melzer, Eva /O’Sullivan, Emer (Hrsg.): Einfachheit in der Kinder- und Jugendliteratur. Ein Gewinn für den Fremdsprachenunterricht (roland alexander issler)
169 Emde, Oliver /Möller, Lukas /Wicke, Andreas (Hrsg.): Von »Bibi Blocksberg« bis »TKKG«. Kinderhörspiele aus gesellschafts- und kulturwissenschaftlicher Perspektive (anika ullmann)
171 Ferstl, Paul /Walach, Thomas / Zahlmann, Stefan (Hrsg.): Fantasy Studies (maren bonacker)
173 Giesa, Felix: Graphisches Erzählen von Adoleszenz. Deutschsprachige Autorencomics nach 2000 (michael staiger)
175 Hahn, Heidi / Laudenberg, Beate / Rösch, Heidi (Hrsg.): »Wörter raus!?« Zur Debatte um eine diskriminierungsfreie Sprache im Kinderbuch (julia benner)
177 Haug, Christine / Frimmel, Johannes (Hrsg.): Schulbücher um 1800. Ein Spezialmarkt zwischen staatlichem, volksaufklärerischem und konfessionellem Auftrag (ortwin beisbart)
179 Hollerweger, Elisabeth /Stemmann, Anna (Hrsg.): Narrative Delikatessen. Kulturelle Dimensionen von Ernährung (sonja loidl)
180 Hopp, Margarete: Sterben, Tod und Trauer im Bilderbuch seit 1945 (iris schäfer)
182 Huemer, Georg: Mira Lobe. Doyenne der österreichischen Kinder- und Jugendliteratur (andreas schumann)
183 Josting, Petra (Hrsg.): Andreas Steinhöfel, Bielefelder Poet in Residence 2014 (heinke kilian)
185 Josting, Petra /Roeder, Caroline /Dettmar, Ute (Hrsg.): Immer Trouble mit Gender. Genderperspektiven in Kinder- und Jugendliteraturforschung und -medien (jana mikota)
187 Kurwinkel, Tobias /Schmerheim, Philipp /Sevi, Annika (Hrsg.): Michael Ende intermedial. Von Lokomotivführern, Glücksdrachen und dem (phantastischen) Spiel mit Mediengrenzen (michael stierstorfer)
188 Mikota, Jana / Pecher, Claudia Maria / von Glasenapp, Gabriele (Hrsg.): Literarisch-kulturelle Begegnungen mit dem Judentum. Beiträge zur kinderliterarischen Fachöffentlichkeit (susanne blumesberger)
190 Müller, Karla / Decker, Jan-Oliver / Krah, Hans / Schilcher, Anita (Hrsg.): Genderkompetenz mit Kinder- und Jugendliteratur entwickeln: Grundlagen – Analysen – Modelle (annette kliewer)
192 Nikolajeva, Maria: Reading for Learning. Cognitive Approaches to Children’s Literature (sabine fuchs)
194 Paul, Lissa / Johnston, Rosemary R. / Short, Emma (Hrsg.):Children’s Literature and Culture of the First World War.(julia benner)
195 Payrhuber, Franz-Josef / Meier, Bernhard(Hrsg.): Franz, Kurt: Kinderlyrik. Geschichte, Formen, Rezeption(ludger scherer)
197 Payrhuber, Franz-Josef:Gedichte entdecken. Wege zu Gedichten in der ersten bis sechsten Klasse (andreas schumann)
198 Pohlmann, Carola (Hrsg): Kinder- und Jugendliteratur. Sammeln und Erwerben (wolfgang wangerin)
200 Pompe, Anja (Hrsg): Kind und Gedicht. Wie wir lesen lernen (heinz-jürgen kliewer)
202 Preindl, Nadia:Russische Kinderliteratur im europäischen Exil der Zwischenkriegszeit (verena rutschmann)
204 Richter, Karin: Die Kinder- und Jugend-literatur der DDR. Entwicklungslinien – Themen und Genres. Autorenporträts und Textanalysen (maria becker)
206 Riemhofer, Andra:Interkulturelle Kinder- und Jugendliteratur in Deutschland. Lesen auf eigene Gefahr (roger meyer)
208Roeder, Caroline (Hrsg.): Himmel und Hölle. Raumerkundungen – interdisziplinär & in schulischer Praxis (claudia blei-hoch)
210 Ruzicka Kenfel, Vejka (Hrsg.): New Trends in Children’s Literature Research. Twenty-first Century Approaches (2000–2012) from the University of Vigo (Spain) (susanne blumesberger)
212 Schäfer, Iris:Von der Hysterie zur Magersucht. Adoleszenz und Krankheit in Romanen und Erzählungen der Jahrhundert- und der Jahrtausendwende (philipp schmerheim)
214 Scherer, Gabriela / Volz, Steffen (Hrsg.): Im Bildungsfokus: Bilderbuchrezeptions-forschung (margarete hopp)
216 Schmitt, Susann Sophie:Nachwuchs für die Literatur. Kinder- und Jugendprogramme ausgewählter Literaturhäuser Deutschlands, Österreichs und der Schweiz (renate grubert)
217 Seelinger Trites, Roberta:Literary Conceptu-alizations of Growth. Metaphors and Cogni-tion in Adolescent Literature (iris schäfer)
219 Seifert, Martina:Die Bilderfalle. Kanada in der deutschsprachigen Kinder- und Jugend-literatur: Produktion und Rezeption (sabine planka)
222 Stein, Daniel / Thon, Jan-Noël (Hrsg.): From Comic Strips to Graphic Novels. Contributions to the Theory and History of Graphic Narrative (anna stemmann)
223 Tomberg, Markus (Hrsg.): Alle wichtigen Bücher handeln von Gott. Religiöse Spuren in aktueller Kinder- und Jugendliteratur (martin anker)
Background: Anemia is a common condition in the elderly and a significant risk factor for increased morbidity and mortality, reducing not only functional capacity and mobility but also quality of life. Currently, few data are available regarding anemia in hospitalized geriatric patients. Our retrospective study investigated epidemiology and causes of anemia in 405 hospitalized geriatric patients.
Methods: Data analysis was performed using laboratory parameters determined during routine hospital admission procedures (hemoglobin, ferritin, transferrin saturation, C-reactive protein, vitamin B12, folic acid, and creatinine) in addition to medical history and demographics.
Results: Anemia affected approximately two-thirds of subjects. Of 386 patients with recorded hemoglobin values, 66.3% were anemic according to WHO criteria, mostly (85.1%) in a mild form. Anemia was primarily due to iron deficiency (65%), frequently due to underlying chronic infection (62.1%), or of mixed etiology involving a combination of chronic disease and iron deficiency, with absolute iron deficiency playing a comparatively minor role.
Conclusion: Greater awareness of anemia in the elderly is warranted due to its high prevalence and negative effect on outcomes, hospitalization duration, and mortality. Geriatric patients should be routinely screened for anemia and etiological causes of anemia individually assessed to allow timely initiation of appropriate therapy.
Background: To test the value of immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining in prostate biopsies for changes in biopsy results and its impact on treatment decision-making. Methods: Between January 2017–June 2020, all patients undergoing prostate biopsies were identified and evaluated regarding additional IHC staining for diagnostic purpose. Final pathologic results after radical prostatectomy (RP) were analyzed regarding the effect of IHC at biopsy. Results: Of 606 biopsies, 350 (58.7%) received additional IHC staining. Of those, prostate cancer (PCa) was found in 208 patients (59.4%); while in 142 patients (40.6%), PCa could be ruled out through IHC. IHC patients harbored significantly more often Gleason 6 in biopsy (p < 0.01) and less suspicious baseline characteristics than patients without IHC. Of 185 patients with positive IHC and PCa detection, IHC led to a change in biopsy results in 81 (43.8%) patients. Of these patients with changes in biopsy results due to IHC, 42 (51.9%) underwent RP with 59.5% harboring ≥pT3 and/or Gleason 7–10. Conclusions: Patients with IHC stains had less suspicious characteristics than patients without IHC. Moreover, in patients with positive IHC and PCa detection, a change in biopsy results was observed in >40%. Patients with changes in biopsy results partly underwent RP, in which 60% harbored significant PCa.
Introduction: There is still an ongoing debate whether a transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) approach for prostate biopsies is associated with higher (infectious) complications rates compared to transperineal biopsies. This is especially of great interests in settings with elevated frequencies of multidrug resistant organisms (MDRO).
Materials and Methods: Between 01/2018 and 05/2019 230 patients underwent a TRUS-guided prostate biopsy at the department of Urology at University Hospital Frankfurt. Patients were followed up within the clinical routine that was not conducted earlier than 6 weeks after the biopsy. Among 230 biopsies, 180 patients took part in the follow-up. No patients were excluded. Patients were analyzed retrospectively regarding complications, infections and underlying infectious agents or needed interventions.
Results: Of all patients with follow up, 84 patients underwent a systematic biopsy (SB) and 96 a targeted biopsy (TB) after MRI of the prostate with additional SB. 74.8% of the patients were biopsy-naïve. The most frequent objective complications (classified by Clavien-Dindo) lasting longer than one day after biopsy were hematuria (17.9%, n = 32), hematospermia (13.9%, n = 25), rectal bleeding (2.8%, n = 5), and pain (2.2%, n = 4). Besides a known high MDRO prevalence in the Rhine-Main region, only one patient (0.6%) developed fever after biopsy. One patient each (0.6%) consulted a physician due to urinary retention, rectal bleeding or gross hematuria. There were no significant differences in complications seen between SB and SB + TB patients. The rate of patients who consulted a physician was significantly higher for patients with one or more prior biopsies compared to biopsy-naïve patients.
Conclusion: Complications after transrectal prostate biopsies are rare and often self-limiting. Infections were seen in <1% of all patients, regardless of an elevated local prevalence of MDROs. Severe complications (Clavien-Dindo ≥ IIIa) were only seen in 3 (1.7%) of the patients. Repeated biopsy is associated with higher complication rates in general.