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Charged jet production cross sections in p–Pb collisions at √sNN=5.02 TeV measured with the ALICE detector at the LHC are presented. Using the anti-kT algorithm, jets have been reconstructed in the central rapidity region from charged particles with resolution parameters R=0.2 and R=0.4. The reconstructed jets have been corrected for detector effects and the underlying event background. To calculate the nuclear modification factor, RpPb, of charged jets in p–Pb collisions, a pp reference was constructed by scaling previously measured charged jet spectra at s=7 TeV. In the transverse momentum range 20≤pT,chjet≤120 GeV/c, RpPb is found to be consistent with unity, indicating the absence of strong nuclear matter effects on jet production. Major modifications to the radial jet structure are probed via the ratio of jet production cross sections reconstructed with the two different resolution parameters. This ratio is found to be similar to the measurement in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV and to the expectations from PYTHIA pp simulations and NLO pQCD calculations at √sNN=5.02 TeV.
We present results of a search for two hypothetical strange dibaryon states, i.e. the H-dibaryon and the possible Λn‾ bound state. The search is performed with the ALICE detector in central (0–10%) Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN=2.76 TeV, by invariant mass analysis in the decay modes Λn‾→d‾π+ and H-dibaryon →Λpπ−. No evidence for these bound states is observed. Upper limits are determined at 99% confidence level for a wide range of lifetimes and for the full range of branching ratios. The results are compared to thermal, coalescence and hybrid UrQMD model expectations, which describe correctly the production of other loosely bound states, like the deuteron and the hypertriton.
We have has performed the first measurement of the coherent ψ(2S) photo-production cross section in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC. This charmonium excited state is reconstructed via the ψ(2S) →l+l− and ψ(2S) → J/ψπ+π− decays, where the J/ψ decays into two leptons. The analysis is based on an event sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 22 μb−1. The cross section for coherent ψ(2S) production in the rapidity interval −0.9<y<0.9 is dσcohψ(2S)/dy=0.83±0.19(stat+syst) mb. The ψ(2S) to J/ψ coherent cross section ratio is 0.34+0.08−0.07(stat+syst). The obtained results are compared to predictions from theoretical models.
We have has performed the first measurement of the coherent ψ(2S) photo-production cross section in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC. This charmonium excited state is reconstructed via the ψ(2S) →l+l− and ψ(2S) → J/ψπ+π− decays, where the J/ψ decays into two leptons. The analysis is based on an event sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 22 μb−1. The cross section for coherent ψ(2S) production in the rapidity interval −0.9<y<0.9 is dσcohψ(2S)/dy=0.83±0.19(stat+syst) mb. The ψ(2S) to J/ψ coherent cross section ratio is 0.34+0.08−0.07(stat+syst). The obtained results are compared to predictions from theoretical models.
Ziel der hier pointiert zusammenfassenden Gesamtschau der Beobachtungen aus den unterschiedlichen Forschungsmodulen des 'Monitoringsystem Drogentrends' (MoSyD) ist es, sich abzeichnende Veränderungen (Trends) und Muster des Konsums legaler und illegaler Drogen in Frankfurt am Main herauszustellen. Die Darstellung abstrahiert weitgehend von konkreten Daten und Einzelbeobachtungen - diese finden sich ausführlich in den einzelnen Berichtsteilen dokumentiert, die jeweils mit detaillierten Zusammenfassungen enden. Eine Ausnahme bilden hier die punktuellen Vergleiche mit Beobachtungen aus Hamburg, die im Rahmen der dort erstmalig in der Intention eines Trendmonitorings durchgeführten Schülerbefragung gemacht wurden (vgl. Baumgärtner 2004, s. auch 3.2.3). Damit können die Ergebnisse unmittelbar mit aktuellen Daten aus einer in vielerlei Hinsicht vergleichbaren deutschen Großstadt verglichen werden. Zwecks weiterer Vergleichbarkeit werden die Ergebnisse der MoSyD-Schülerbefragung im Abschnitt zu Jugendlichen/ jungen Erwachsenen in Bezug zu den Ergebnissen der ersten deutschen Erhebungen im Rahmen der europäischen Schülerbefragung ESPAD (vgl. Hibel et al. 2000, Kraus et al. 2004) gesetzt.
Nuclear export factor 1 (NXF1) exports mRNA to the cytoplasm after recruitment to mRNA by specific adaptor proteins. How and why cells use numerous different export adaptors is poorly understood. Here we critically evaluate members of the SR protein family (SRSF1-7) for their potential to act as NXF1 adaptors that couple pre-mRNA processing to mRNA export. Consistent with this proposal, >1000 endogenous mRNAs required individual SR proteins for nuclear export in vivo. To address the mechanism, transcriptome-wide RNA-binding profiles of NXF1 and SRSF1-7 were determined in parallel by individual-nucleotide-resolution UV cross-linking and immunoprecipitation (iCLIP). Quantitative comparisons of RNA-binding sites showed that NXF1 and SR proteins bind mRNA targets at adjacent sites, indicative of cobinding. SRSF3 emerged as the most potent NXF1 adaptor, conferring sequence specificity to RNA binding by NXF1 in last exons. Interestingly, SRSF3 and SRSF7 were shown to bind different sites in last exons and regulate 3' untranslated region length in an opposing manner. Both SRSF3 and SRSF7 promoted NXF1 recruitment to mRNA. Thus, SRSF3 and SRSF7 couple alternative splicing and polyadenylation to NXF1-mediated mRNA export, thereby controlling the cytoplasmic abundance of transcripts with alternative 3' ends.
Osteosarcomas are aggressive bone tumours with a high degree of genetic heterogeneity, which has historically complicated driver gene discovery. Here we sequence exomes of 31 tumours and decipher their evolutionary landscape by inferring clonality of the individual mutation events. Exome findings are interpreted in the context of mutation and SNP array data from a replication set of 92 tumours. We identify 14 genes as the main drivers, of which some were formerly unknown in the context of osteosarcoma. None of the drivers is clearly responsible for the majority of tumours and even TP53 mutations are frequently mapped into subclones. However, >80% of osteosarcomas exhibit a specific combination of single-base substitutions, LOH, or large-scale genome instability signatures characteristic of BRCA1/2-deficient tumours. Our findings imply that multiple oncogenic pathways drive chromosomal instability during osteosarcoma evolution and result in the acquisition of BRCA-like traits, which could be therapeutically exploited.
Coagulation factor XIII (FXIII) is a protransglutaminase which plays an important role in clot stabilization and composition by cross-linking the α- and γ-chains of fibrin and increasing the resistance of the clot to mechanical and proteolytic challenges. In this study, we selected six DNA aptamers specific for activated FXIII (FXIIIa) and investigated the functional characterization of FXIIIa after aptamer binding. One of these aptamers, named FA12, efficiently captures FXIIIa even in the presence of zymogenic FXIII subunits. Furthermore, this aptamer inhibits the incorporation of FXIII and α2-antiplasmin (α2AP) into fibrin(ogen) with IC50-values of 38 nM and 17 nM, respectively. In addition to FA12, also another aptamer, FA2, demonstrated significant effects in plasma-based thromboelastometry (rotational thromboelastometry analysis, ROTEM)-analysis where spiking of the aptamers into plasma decreased clot stiffness and elasticity (p < 0.0001). The structure–function correlations determined by combining modeling/docking strategies with quantitative in vitro assays revealed spatial overlap of the FA12 binding site with the binding sites of two FXIII substrates, fibrinogen and α2AP, while FA2 binding sites only overlap those of fibrinogen. Taken together, these features especially render the aptamer FA12 as an interesting candidate molecule for the development of FXIIIa-targeting therapeutic strategies and diagnostic assays.