Refine
Document Type
- Preprint (109)
- Article (48)
- Doctoral Thesis (1)
Has Fulltext
- yes (158)
Is part of the Bibliography
- no (158)
Keywords
- Hadron-Hadron Scattering (7)
- Collective Flow (4)
- Heavy Ion Experiments (3)
- Jets (2)
- Particle Correlations and Fluctuations (2)
- ALK-rearranged NSCLC (1)
- Aging (1)
- Amblytelina (1)
- Aperiodic (1)
- Boosted Jets (1)
Institute
- Physik (152)
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS) (151)
- Informatik (151)
- Medizin (3)
- Mathematik (1)
he first measurement of 3ΛH and 3Λ¯¯¯¯H¯¯¯¯ differential production with respect to transverse momentum and centrality in Pb−Pb collisions at sNN−−−√=5.02~TeV is presented. The 3ΛH has been reconstructed via its two-charged-body decay channel, i.e., 3ΛH→3He+π−. A Blast-Wave model fit of the pT-differential spectra of all nuclear species measured by the ALICE collaboration suggests that the 3ΛH kinetic freeze-out surface is consistent with that of other nuclei. The ratio between the integrated yields of 3ΛH and 3He is compared to predictions from the statistical hadronisation model and the coalescence model, with the latter being favoured by the presented measurements.
The total charm-quark production cross section per unit of rapidity dσ(cc)/dy, and the fragmentation fractions of charm quarks to different charm-hadron species f(c → hc), are measured for the first time in p–Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV at midrapidity (−0.96 < y < 0.04 in the centre-ofmass frame) using data collected by ALICE at the CERN LHC. The results are obtained based on all the available measurements of prompt production of ground-state charm-hadron species: D0, D+,D+s, and J/ψ mesons, and Λ+cand Ξ0cbaryons. The resulting cross section is dσ(cc)/dy = 219.6±6.3 (stat.)+10.5−11.8(syst.)+7.6−2.9(extr.)±5.4 (BR)±4.6 (lumi.)±19.5 (rapidity shape) +15.0 (Ω0c) mb, which is consistent with a binary scaling of pQCD calculations from pp ollisions. The measured fragmentation fractions are compatible with those measured in pp collisions at √s = 5.02 and 13 TeV, showing an increase in the relative production rates of charm baryons with respect to charm mesons in pp and p–Pb collisions compared with e+e − and e−p collisions. The pT-integrated nuclear modification factor of charm quarks, RpPb(cc) = 0.91±0.04 (stat.) +0.08 −0.09 (syst.) +0.04 −0.03 (extr.)±0.03 (lumi.), is found to be consistent with unity and with theoretical predictions including nuclear modifications of the parton distribution functions.
Das Monitoring von Ökosystemeigenschaften leistet einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Renaturierung von Ökosystemen. Dabei ist es entscheidend, nicht nur Vegetationsdaten, sondern auch Standortfaktoren, wie zum Beispiel Licht, direkt zu erfassen. Das Projekt "Dynamisierung der Donauauen zwischen Neuburg und Ingolstadt" (Bayern) wurde mit der Zielsetzung implementiert, das typische Flutungsregime und die damit verbundenen Grundwasserschwankungen eines naturnahen Auwaldes wiederherzustellen. Ein Teilprojekt des darauf abgestimmten Monitoringprogramms konzentriert sich seit 2007 auf die Beobachtung von Vegetationsveränderungen an einem neu angelegten Umgehungsgewässer, die entlang von rechtwinklig zum Gewässer verlaufenden Transekten erfasst werden. Hierbei wurde der Standortfaktor Licht anhand der sogenannten "Wörlein-Skala" abgeschätzt. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, eine quantitative Methode auf der Basis der digitalen Hemisphärenphotographie zu entwickeln, die genauere Ergebnisse als die Schätzung liefert und dabei zeitsparend und flexibel eingesetzt werden kann. Aufgrund der so erhobenen Daten sollten folgende Fragen beantwortet werden: (1) Liefert die Wörlein-Skala im Vergleich zu den Messdaten eine verlässliche Datengrundlage? (2) Stellen Ellenberg-Lichtzeigerwerte eine sinnvolle Alternative zur direkten Messung oder Schätzung des Standortfaktors Licht dar? In einer Vorstudie wurde die Vergleichbarkeit spezieller Kameraaufbauten unter verschiedenen Umweltbedingungen getestet. Die Bearbeitung der digitalen Photographien erfolgte mit dem Programm "SideLook" zur Schwellenwertermittlung und der Modellierungssoftware "Gap Light Analyzer". Die Prüfung der Verlässlichkeit der Wörlein-Skala und der Ellenberg-Zeigerwerte erfolgte anhand von induktiver Statistik. Der Methodenvergleich ergab deutliche Unterschiede in der Erfassung des Standortfaktors Licht im Auwald: Die Wörlein-Skala repräsentierte die aus den Photographien abgeleiteten Messwerte relativ gut, nur die Schätzungen für die schattigeren Bereiche waren weniger gut aufgelöst. Die Ellenberg-Lichtzeigerwerte korrelierten nur schwach mit den Messwerten sowohl bei logarithmischer Korrektur der Deckung, als auch bei Gewichtung entsprechend der Deckung der Pflanzenarten. Zusammenfassend erfüllt die digitale Hemisphärenphotographie die meisten Anforderungen an Messungen des Standortfaktors Licht. Die Wörlein-Skala kann als verlässliche Alternative betrachtet werden, solange ihr logarithmischer Verlauf entsprechend des Weber-Fechner`schen Gesetzes beachtet wird. Der Ellenberg-Zeigerwert eignet sich dagegen weniger zur Erfassung des Standortfaktors Licht in Auwaldgebieten.
We study the price-setting problem of market makers under perfect competition in continuous time. Thereby we follow the classic Glosten-Milgrom model that defines bid and ask prices as the expectation of a true value of the asset given the market makers partial information that includes the customers trading decisions. The true value is modeled as a Markov process that can be observed by the customers with some noise at Poisson times.
We analyze the price-setting problem by solving a non-standard filtering problem with an endogenous filtration that depends on the bid and ask price process quoted by the market maker. Under some conditions we show existence and uniqueness of the price processes. In a different setting we construct a counterexample to uniqueness. Further, we discuss the behavior of the spread by a convergence result and simulations.
Serratichneumon Riedel & Sheng gen. nov. and Serratichneumon maculatus Sheng & Riedel gen. et sp. nov. belonging to the tribe Ichneumonini of subfamily Ichneumoninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), collected in the Oriental Region (China, Vietnam, and Indonesia), are described and illustrated. The new genus is placed in Tereshkin’s key to the Palaearctic genera of the subtribe Amblytelina, and compared with similar genera, Hepiopelmus Wesmael, 1845, and Tricholabus Thomson, 1894.
OXA-48 is the most common carbapenemase in Enterobacterales in Germany and one of the most frequent carbapenemases worldwide. Several reports have associated blaOXA–48 with a virulent host phenotype. To challenge this hypothesis, 35 OXA-48-producing clinical isolates of Escherichia coli (n = 15) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 20) were studied in vitro, in vivo employing the Galleria mellonella infection model and by whole-genome sequencing. Clinical isolates belonged to 7 different sequence types (STs) in E. coli and 12 different STs in K. pneumoniae. In 26/35 isolates blaOXA–48 was located on a 63 kb IncL plasmid. Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) to E. coli J53 was high in isolates with the 63 kb IncL plasmid (transconjugation frequency: ∼103/donor) but low in isolates with non-IncL plasmids (<10–6/donor). Several clinical isolates were both highly cytotoxic against human cells and virulent in vivo. However, 63 kb IncL transconjugants generated from these highly virulent isolates were not more cytotoxic or virulent when compared to the recipient strain. Additionally, no genes associated with virulence were detected by in silico analysis of OXA-48 plasmids. The 63 kb plasmid was highly stable and did not impair growth or fitness in E. coli J53. In conclusion, OXA-48 clinical isolates in Germany are diverse but typically harbor the same 63 kb IncL plasmid which has been reported worldwide. We demonstrate that this 63 kb IncL plasmid has a low fitness burden, high plasmid stability and can be transferred by highly efficient HGT which is likely the cause of the rapid dissemination of OXA-48 rather than the expansion of a single clone or gain of virulence.
Background: We analyzed whether co-occurring mutations influence the outcome of systemic therapy in ALK-rearranged non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Patients and methods: ALK-rearranged stage IIIB/IV NSCLC patients were analyzed with next-generation sequencing and fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses on a centralized diagnostic platform. Median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were determined in the total cohort and in treatment-related sub-cohorts. Cox regression analyses were carried out to exclude confounders.
Results: Among 216 patients with ALK-rearranged NSCLC, the frequency of pathogenic TP53 mutations was 23.8%, while other co-occurring mutations were rare events. In ALK/TP53 co-mutated patients, median PFS and OS were significantly lower compared with TP53 wildtype patients [PFS 3.9 months (95% CI: 2.4–5.6) versus 10.3 months (95% CI: 8.6–12.0), P < 0.001; OS 15.0 months (95% CI: 5.0–24.9) versus 50.0 months (95% CI: 22.9–77.1), P = 0.002]. This difference was confirmed in all treatment-related subgroups including chemotherapy only [PFS first-line chemotherapy 2.6 months (95% CI: 1.3–4.1) versus 6.2 months (95% CI: 1.8–10.5), P = 0.021; OS 2.0 months (95% CI: 0.0–4.6) versus 9.0 months (95% CI: 6.1–11.9), P = 0.035], crizotinib plus chemotherapy [PFS crizotinib 5.0 months (95% CI: 2.9–7.2) versus 14.0 months (95% CI: 8.0–20.1), P < 0.001; OS 17.0 months (95% CI: 6.7–27.3) versus not reached, P = 0.049] and crizotinib followed by next-generation ALK-inhibitor [PFS next-generation inhibitor 5.4 months (95% CI: 0.1–10.7) versus 9.9 months (95% CI: 6.4–13.5), P = 0.039; OS 7.0 months versus 50.0 months (95% CI: not reached), P = 0.001).
Conclusions: In ALK-rearranged NSCLC co-occurring TP53 mutations predict an unfavorable outcome of systemic therapy. Our observations encourage future research to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms and to improve treatment outcome of the ALK/TP53 co-mutated subgroup.
Highlights
• A big dataset reveals age-related alterations in EEG biomarkers and cognition.
• Prominent decline of individual alpha peak frequency primarily in temporal lobes.
• A positive association between individual alpha peak frequency and working memory.
• Absence of age-related alpha power decline when controlling for 1/f decay of the PSD.
• Alpha power is negatively associated with the speed of processing in elderly sample.
Abstract
While many structural and biochemical changes in the brain have previously been associated with older age, findings concerning functional properties of neuronal networks, as reflected in their electrophysiological signatures, remain rather controversial. These discrepancies might arise due to several reasons, including diverse factors determining general spectral slowing in the alpha frequency range as well as amplitude mixing between the rhythmic and non-rhythmic parameters. We used a large dataset (N = 1703, mean age 70) to comprehensively investigate age-related alterations in multiple EEG biomarkers taking into account rhythmic and non-rhythmic activity and their individual contributions to cognitive performance. While we found strong evidence for an individual alpha peak frequency (IAF) decline in older age, we did not observe a significant relationship between theta power and age while controlling for IAF. Not only did IAF decline with age, but it was also positively associated with interference resolution in a working memory task primarily in the right and left temporal lobes suggesting its functional role in information sampling. Critically, we did not detect a significant relationship between alpha power and age when controlling for the 1/f spectral slope, while the latter one showed age-related alterations. These findings thus suggest that the entanglement of IAF slowing and power in the theta frequency range, as well as 1/f slope and alpha power measures, might explain inconsistencies reported previously in the literature. Finally, despite the absence of age-related alterations, alpha power was negatively associated with the speed of processing in the right frontal lobe while 1/f slope showed no consistent relationship to cognitive performance. Our results thus demonstrate that multiple electrophysiological features, as well as their interplay, should be considered for the comprehensive assessment of association between age, neuronal activity, and cognitive performance.