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Johann Christian Josef Ommerborn wurde 1863 in der preußisch-bergischen Kreisstadt Lennep geboren. Einer seiner Vorfahren war der bekannte Pastor Johann Peter Ommerborn, der 1795 den Widerstand der bergischen Bauern gegen die französischen Revolutionstruppen organisiert hatte. Von seinem Vater erbte Ommerborn nach eigener Aussage die Lust zu fabulieren und die ausgeprägte soziale Anteilnahme, ebenso ein tiefgehende religiöses Bedürfnis. Eine höhere Schulbildung blieb ihm verschlossen. Bis zum 30. Lebensjahre war Ommerborn Fabrikarbeiter und gehörte wechselnden sozialdemokratischen bzw. anarchistischen Bewegungen an. Schon früh schrieb er zahlreiche Kriminal- und Kolportageromane, später Novellen und Erzählungen mit christlichen und sozialen Themen. "Dass ich schreibe, ist lediglich meine Parteinahme für die letzten der Gesellschaft" formulierte er in einem eigenhändigen Lebenslauf, und " seit 1910 gehöre ich der reformierten Kirche an". Ommerborns Lebensweg war unruhig und vagabundenhaft. In fortgeschrittenem Alter gründete er eine Landstraßenmission in Wuppertal-Barmen, war ihr Leiter, ging selbst missionierend und helfend auf die Straße und gab die "Vierteljahreshefte für Landstraßenmission" heraus. Sein Verhältnis zur etablierten Kirche war zwiespältig bis ablehnend. Der Roman Pastor Hans Kroppman spielt überwiegend in Ommerborns Geburtsstadt Lennep, manche Namen legen den Verdacht eines Schlüsselromans nahe. Jedoch ist das eigentliche Thema die Entwicklung des katholisch geborenen Titelhelden, der später evangelischer Pfarrer wird. Dabei werden soziale Zustände und innerkirchliche Kämpfe geschildert. Ommerborn starb 1938 in Wuppertal-Barmen.
In comparison to the Transsylvanian-Saxon or to the German-speaking Bukowina literature the modernists exerted a more reduced influence on the literature of the Banat Swabians. Franz Xaver Kappus (1883-1966) influenced the literary modernists in the Western part of Romania especially through his expressionistic texts. He became famous thanks to his correspondence with Rainer Maria Rilke. The masterpiece Die lebenden Vierzehn (The Fourteeen Survivors) (1918) is swayed by a collective catastrophe and represents a certain kind of utopia, which anticipates the end of the world. A dread causing image with a peculiar unreality shapes the event. Kappus’ fantasy does not shrink back from images of dread and horror. As in the expressionistic literature any destruction of the harmonious beautiful principle comes about in dread. The grotesque features belong to the expressionistic character of the book. It is interesting that the dreadful and the grotesque show their demonic side and with it they destroy the familiar reality. Such a development demonstrates that Kappus follows a tradition to which also E. T. A. Hoffmann, Frank Wedekind, Franz Kafka or Georg Heym belong. There are also streaks of naturalism in the novel.
German-language literature of the Banat develops under specific historical circumstances amidst a multiethnic Region, in which the multiple social-political, religious and linguistic relations to Romanians, Hungarians, Serbs and Jews find their immediate expression. The beginning of the German-language writings of the Banat Swabians are under the aegis of the Austrian model, especially of the Viennese model. Here one mainly includes the extremely stimulating press and theater tradition of the Banat, which can still be remarked in the interwar period, and which created the conditions for the unfolding of a lively spiritual life. Johann Friedel born in Timișoara, an outstanding representative of Josephine epistolary satire, was considered on account of his novels and letters to be the founder of the local German-language writings by several scholars.
A.E. Johann (1901-1996), relying on his experience of over sixty years of travelling around the world, left behind a wealth of literary and journalist material, in which he often addresses topics and issues related to the United States of America. This paper’s objective is to analyze the reflections and observations of this writer and journalist included in the travel report from the period of the Weimar Republic and entitled America. Untergang am Überfluß (1932) as compared with his later creative output of a more autobiographical nature and developed between 1989 to 1992 (Dies wilde Jahrhundert, 1989; Schön war die Welt. Erinnerungen an die großen Reisen, 1992). Thus, continuity and change in his perception and image of America will be investigated; moreover, at attempt will be made to answer the question to what extent this perception and image have evolved throughout six decades (or one should rather ask why this image hardly changes with the passage of time and the emergence of new circumstances). This once very popular writer, whose books were sold in high volume, for many years could not enjoy the attention and focus of literary scholars. Accordingly, this paper aims to expand the knowledge about him and boost the discussion on German (anti-) Americanism.
Die Vogel-Scheuche! oder Jahreszeiten-Unfug : veröffentlicht zur Warnung für Publikum und Literaten
(1846)
Goethes Medientheorie
(2007)
Medientheoretische Zugänge zu Goethe sind bis heute eher die Ausnahme. Denn Goethe gilt uns als letzter Vertreter der sogenannten "Kunstperiode", die mit seinem Tod ihr Ende gefunden habe – so urteilten schon seine Zeitgenossen Hegel, Heine und Gervinus. Und wenn Goethe heute in ein Verhältnis zu unserer sogenannten "Mediengesellschaft" gebracht wird, so geschieht das vorwiegend in negativer Abgrenzung der Literatur gegen die audiovisuellen Medien. ...
Herr Hampelmann im Eilwagen : Hampelmanniade in sechs Bildern / vom Verfasser des Bürgercapitains
(1834)
Der Klimawandel ist nicht die einzige drängende Zukunftsfrage, der sich die Menschheit stellen muss. Ein genauerer Blick in die Literatur des 20. Jahrhunderts zeigt, dass etliche namhafte Literaten sich in ihren Werken mit der systemischen Transformation ökologischer Systeme durch den Menschen auseinandergesetzt haben.