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Der aus Ungarn stammende israelische Satiriker Ephraim Kishon (1924–2005) gilt als ‚Versöhnungsfigur‘ zwischen Deutschen und Jüdinnen und Juden im bundesdeutschen Nachkriegsdiskurs. Seine „israelischen Satiren“ erfreuten sich in der freien Übertragung durch Friedrich Torberg vor allem in den 1960er bis 1990er Jahren enormer Beliebtheit. Dabei wurde zunächst verdrängt, dass Kishon selbst Überlebender der Schoah war und seinen Humor als Überlebensstrategie entwickelt hatte. Bisher wurde die Bedeutung der Schoah für Kishons Schreiben nur unzureichend berücksichtigt.
Birgit M. Körner beleuchtet das Phänomen von Kishons Erfolg in der Bundesrepublik nun von drei Seiten: von der Seite des Autors und Schoah-Überlebenden Kishon, von der Seite des Mitschöpfers und Übersetzers Friedrich Torberg und von der Seite der Rezeption durch ein postnationalsozialistisches deutschsprachiges Publikum.
Im Fokus steht zunächst die Rekonstruktion von Kishons Verfolgungs- und Überlebenserfahrung anhand bisher unbekannter Akten und der Nachweis, dass sich deren Spuren in Kishons Satiren finden lassen. Kishon und Torberg konstruieren einen „israelischen Humor“, der maßgeblich auf den europäischen jüdischen Humortraditionen – dem ostjüdischen Witz und der jüdischen Tradition des literarischen Sarkasmus – sowie auf Kishons Schoah-Überleben basiert. Deutlich wird dabei Torbergs Tendenz, das deutschsprachige Publikum zu ‚schonen‘ und explizite Stellen zu streichen, u.a. um eine positive Haltung zu Israel zu fördern. Kishon selbst stand seiner Rolle als ‚Versöhnungsfigur‘ für ein westdeutsches Publikum durchaus ambivalent gegenüber.
Fair play for the Jews
(1939)
Di lamdonishe beratungen
(2005)
This review describes how the constraints of limited water resources and an arid and semi-arid environment were overcome by a leadership capable of defining future needs and identifying and implementing appropriate solutions. Advanced technologies proved indispensable in this process. Yet, in recent years, the continuously increasing demand for water, mainly for domestic use, has created a chronic situation in which all available water from natural sources is being used up. The only solution to ensuring a dependable supply of water for both domestic and agricultural use requires that several steps be taken concurrently to implement regulations and measures for saving water and to construct immediately large-scale plants for desalination of seawater and reclamation of urban effluents.
This paper surveys the growth and various phases of and influences on the concept of democracy in the Islamic political thought of the last two centuries. Among the thinkers covered in the survey are Rifa'a Tahtawi (1801-73), Khairuddin at-Tunis (1810-99), Jamal ad-Din al-Afghani (1838-97), Muhammad Abduh (1849-1905), Abdurrahman al-Kawakibi (1849-1903), Rashid Rida (1865-1935), Hasan al-Banna (1904-49), Ali Abd Ar-Raziq (1888-1966), Sayyid Qutb (1906-66), Sa'id Hawwa, and Malik Bennabi (1905-73). Reference is made to the influence of Sayyid Mawdudi (1903-79), on the thought of Sayyid Qutb. The paper traces also the bearing of Bennabi's thought on Rachid Ghannouchi and on the Islamic movements of our times.
Agro-technology
(2001)
Mark Kopytman - Voices of Memories: Essays and Dialogues, ed. Yulia Kreinin, Israel Music Institute, Tel Aviv, 2004, 288 p. A Doctor of Medicine who is also a composer is a rarity. A composer who is also a Doctor of Medicine is even rarer. Dr. Med. Mark Kopytman, however, is above all a composer, and one of Israel´s foremost contemporary composers at that. "Mark Kopytman - Voices of Memories" is a Festschrift - a volume of collected essays edited by Yulia Kreinin, to celebrate his 70th birthday. It is a formidable literary monument to honour this outstanding personality.
This paper examines the political-economy and cultural dynamics and discourses underlying the emergence of the Palestinian Hamas and the Algerian Islamic Salvation Front. Both movements emerged in the late 1980s as responses to continuing (neo) colonial conditions in their countries. I explore to what extent the various processes commonly referred to as “globalization,” both the world-wide economic transformations epitomized by post-fordism on the macro/system level and neo-liberal structural adjustment programs within countries, and—perhaps more important—its cultural dynamics contributed to the rise and power of both movements. I examine the socio-economic situation in Algeria and Palestine-Israel during the 1980s and link it to the politics developments in both countries. Next I review the events behind the founding of both movements and the main components of their ideologies and strategies. Finally I explore their arguments to determine whether the political-economic or cultural pressures unleashed by globalization were the determining factor in their emergence and ideological development. I conclude by comparing the two case studies to determine if there are common threads that can serve as the basis for a region-wide investigation of the role of globalization in the emergence and/or rise to social hegemony of Islamist movements in other MENA countries.