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Bronze age weapons are found in royal lombs and hill fortresses now identified as Indo-Buropean. The diffusion of bronze metallurgy over the Europcan continent follows the routes OE dispercal taken by the Indo-Europeans, whose mobility would account for the rapidity with which the use of bronze supplmted the earlier copper technology.
The report that follows gives the results of tests to deterrnine the compressive strength of artificial roof supports of various kinds used in the mining of anthracite in Pennsylvania. Some of the types tested also are used in bituminous coal mining in Pennsylvania and other parts of the United States. The report was rendered Bebruary 26, 1913, by the United States Bureau of Mines, then in the Interior Department, to the Pennsylvania State Anthracite Mine Cave Commission and was appended, without discussion, to the general report on mine caving made by that commission under date of March 1, 19 13, to the Governor and Legislature of Pennsylvanin. The commission's reporh remains unpublished. As numerous requests have been made for the test data obtained by the Bureau of Mines at its Pittsburgh Experiment Station in 1912-13 and as the data relate to the strength of artificial supports without reference to particular local places of application, they have permanent value in the designing of mine roof supports. It has therefore been deemed advisable to publish the results of the bureau's tests. In order that the reader may understand the reasons for makig these tests of roof supports and the procedure foIIowed by the Pennsylvania commission, its duties will be briefly described. The commission was created by an act of the Legislature of Pennsylvania, approved March 24, 1911, its members being appointed by the Governor of Pennsylvania under the terms of the act. There had been serious cave-ins of the surface in some of the cities and towns in the anthracite districts of Pennsylvania and particularly in the city of Scranton froin 1909 to 1911, destroying surface buildings, public and private, and seriously endangering life. ....
Tabarî's Korancommentar
(1881)
Sämtliche Gedichte
(1921)
Sur les îles du Grand Océan
(1832)
Sulle condizioni iniziali che determiniano gli integrale della equazioni differenziali ordinarie
(1897)
In the Talmondais (Vendée) the Hettangian sedimentation locally begins with fluviatil clastic deposits prior to the deposition of shallow marine carbonates. These clastics, including the footprint-bearing beds of Le Veillon (south of Talmont- Saint-Hilaire) are subject to important and frequent variations in thickness. Drilling and geophysic data indicate a tectonic control of these variations. A fault-block pattern is proposed. At a small scale, it gives an illustration of the extensional tectonic processes related to the evolution of the Biscay rift during the early Liassic.
Spinozastudien
(1919)
Sparsames Bauen
(1920)
Some physical phenomena associated with the anxiety states and their relation to hyperventilation
(1937)
The authors believe that there is a physiological background for the perseverance of an anxiety state as part of a psychoneurosis; that this background is produced by the constant presence of purely emotional disturbances; and that the resultant physiological state aggravates the psychic component to such a degree that a vicioris cycle is instituted, the symptoms of which are manifold. These symptoms increase the severity of the emotional tension ; and, if they are prolonged, permanent structural change with the production of organic clisease results. The mechanism is at first a repetition of attacks, from the stimulation by an emotion such as fear upon the sympathetic nervous system, which in turn becomes increasingly labile. The mechanism is perpetuated by the effects of the simulus on the system of self-defense, which is dispatched by the endocrine group. This reaction causes a state of hyperirritability to exist through the presence of tissue alkalosis, tissue liydremia, and tissue anoxemia; and results in a state of tetany which may be regional or generalized. The Symptoms of tetany, and allied rnanifestations such ac tachycardia, distended stomach and dilated urinary bladder, are enough to aggravate the neurosis because of the patient's fear of impending dissolution. Multiplication of impulses increases the bombardment of the sympathetic nervous system, making repetition of tlie reaction more easy at subsequent intervals. The cure is accomplished through elimination of tlie fear-impulse by psychotherapy. The symptoms may be alleviated medically, and by this rneans that part of the neurosis which is on the basis of anxiety concerning health may be eliminated. Because of the subjective and objective improvement in the patient's condition, contact for psychotherapy is more easily obtained. Medical treatment is directed toward preservation of the acid-base balance; toward decreasing the effect of adrenalin on the nerve-tissue by means of a known chemical antagonist; or toward converting the state of tone of the individual from extreme to moderate, whether parasympathic or sympathetic in type.
Sokrates und die Sophisten
(1909)
A brief presentation of iron chemistry is made with emphasis on those aspects relevant to siderophore biochemistry. Siderophore structure and biosynthesis is described. The underlying chemistry associated with, 1, the movement of iron(ill) complexes across membranes and 2, the removal of iron from such complexes is discussed in detail. The ability of siderophores to interact with other metals is considered. Finally, the role of siderophores in infection and their clinical potential as iron scavenging molecules are reviewed.
Second April
(1959)
Schülerselbstmorde
(1908)
Ruth Klüger in Deutschland
(1994)
Enthält:
Ruth Klügers deutsches Publikum im Spiegel der Veranstaltungsberichte / Stephan Braese
Weiter leben in der deutschen Buchkritik / Holger Gehle
Ruth Klügers Lesung in Hamburg / von Timothy K. Boyd
Ruth Klüger liest in Bonn / von Holger Gehle
Ruth Klüger im Gespräch mit Matthias Beltz / von Susanne Klockmann
Ruth Klüger zur Begrüßung / Martin Walser
Religiosität oder Wahn?
(1919)
There is an inexhaustible stream of theoretical work on aspect. More than 20 major books of a gelteral nature have come out during the past few years, not to mention the vast amount of shorter articles. The theoretical proposals found in these works are often radically different. What is the state of the art in this highly controversial area? To what extent can the "ordinary working linguist" profit from the flood of theoretical proposals? This paper started out as a review article on five recent books on aspect. These reviews are incorporated here into a general assessment of contemporary aspect theories. We will classify different approaches to aspect and try to sort out their theoretical primitives. The paper concludes wich a brief summary pointing out the most urgent desiderata for a typologically adequate approach to aspect.
The calculation of rate coefficients is a discipline of nonlinear science of importance to much of physics, chemistry, engineering, and biology. Fifty years after Kramers' seminal paper on thermally activated barrier crossing, the authors report, extend, and interpret much of our current understanding relating to theories of noise-activated escape, for which many of the notable contributions are originating from the communities both of physics and of physical chemistry. Theoretical as well as numerical approaches are discussed for single- and many-dimensional metastable systems (including fields) in gases and condensed phases. The role of many-dimensional transition-state theory is contrasted with Kramers' reaction-rate theory for moderate-to-strong friction; the authors emphasize the physical situation and the close connection between unimolecular rate theory and Kramers' work for weakly damped systems. The rate theory accounting for memory friction is presented, together with a unifying theoretical approach which covers the whole regime of weak-to-moderate-to-strong friction on the same basis (turnover theory). The peculiarities of noise-activated escape in a variety of physically different metastable potential configurations is elucidated in terms of the mean-first-passage-time technique. Moreover, the role and the complexity of escape in driven systems exhibiting possibly multiple, metastable stationary nonequilibrium states is identified. At lower temperatures, quantum tunneling effects start to dominate the rate mechanism. The early quantum approaches as well as the latest quantum versions of Kramers' theory are discussed, thereby providing a description of dissipative escape events at all temperatures. In addition, an attempt is made to discuss prominent experimental work as it relates to Kramers' reaction-rate theory and to indicate the most important areas for future research in theory and experiment.
Rapport fait a l'Académie des Sciences, sur la machine aérostatique, inventée par MM. de Montgolfier
(1784)
Quer durch Karien
(1909)
In der Klasse 7 ist den Schülern an Hand ausgewählter Ereignisse und Abläufe aus der Geschichte einiger Länder ein lebendiges Bild über die historische Entwicklung vom Ausgang des 15. Jahrhunderts bis zur Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts zu vermitteln. Nachdem die Schüler in der Klasse 6 einen Einblick in die Herausbildung und Entwicklung des Feudalismus in einigen Ländern Europas und Asiens gewonnen und Kenntnisse über die frühbürgerliche Revolution in Deutschland erworben haben, sollen sie nun mit dem historischen Prozefi des Übergangs vom Feudalismus zum Kapitalismus bekannt gemacht werden. Dabei sind die allgemeine Tendenz und die Dialektik dieser historischen Entwicklung sowie die Rolle der Volksmassen im Kampf der antifeudalen Kräfte - für die Herausbildung bürgerlicher Nationalstaaten überzeugend herauszuarbeiten und die besonderen Bedingungen zu klären, unter denen sich diese Entwicklung in Deutschland vollzog. Im Mittelpunkt des Unterrichts stehen dementsprechend folgende historische Ereignisse und Prozesse, über die sich die Schüler ein festes und dauerhaftes Wissen aneignen sollen: ...
Plural semantics for natural language understanding : a computational proof-theoretic approach
(2005)
The semantics of natural language plurals poses a number of intricate problems – both from a formal and a computational perspective. In this thesis I investigate problems of representing, disambiguating and reasoning with plurals from a computational perspective. The work defines a computationally suitable representation for important plural constructions, proposes a tractable resolution algorithm for semantic plural ambiguities, and integrates an automatic reasoning component for plurals. My solution combines insights from formal semantics, computational linguistics and automated theorem proving and is based on the following main ideas. Whereas many existing approaches to plural semantics work on a model-theoretic basis using higher-order representation languages I propose a proof-theoretic approach to plural semantics based on a flat firstorder semantic representation language thus showing that a trade-off between expressive power and logical tractability can be found. The problem of automatic disambiguation of plurals is tackled by a deliberate decision to drastically reduce recourse to contextual knowledge for disambiguation but rely instead on structurally available and thus computationally manageable information. A further central aspect of the solution lies in carefully drawing the borderline between real ambiguity and mere indeterminacy in the interpretation of plural noun phrases. As a practical result of my computational proof-theoretic approach to plural semantics I can use my methods to perform automated reasoning with plurals by applying advanced firstorder theorem provers and model-generators available off-the shelf. The results are prototypically implemented within the two logic-oriented natural language understanding applications DRoPs and Attempto. DRoPs provides an automatic plural disambiguation component for uncontrolled natural language whereas Attempto works with a constructive disambiguation strategy for controlled natural language. Both systems provide tools for the automated analysis of technical texts allowing users for example to automatically detect inconsistencies, to perform question answering, to check whether a conjecture follows from a text or to find equivalences and redundancies.
Physiologie der Geschäfte
(1901)
Physiologie de la Parisienne
(1841)
Inhalt I. Ein- nur leicht narzistischer - Rückblick I.1 Philosophische Anthropologie als Zcentrum 1.2 Existcnzphilosophisch-ethischc Anningc und (lI.a. marxistische) korrektive Erweiterungen 1.3 Notwendigkeit einer systematischen Entwicklung der Ciesamlllwrnatik II. Zur Systematik einer theoretisch und praktisch grundlegenden philosophischen Anthropoogie II.I Ein regulativer Begrirr (b Philosophie - im Anschlu/.l an Kilnt II.1.1 Voraussetzungen II.1.2 Grundbestimmungen II.1,3 Kants 'Weltbegrift' der Philosophie heute II.2 Status, Thematik und Problemlage philosophischer Anthropologie II.2.1 Der transzendental-philosophische Status und die existentiell praktische Sinnbestimmung philosophischer Anthropologie II.2.2 Thematik und Methode philosophischer Anthropologie II.2,3 Konstellationen und Konsequenzen philosophischer Anthropologie (und Existenzphilosophie) im 20. Jahrhundert II.3 Grundlegende anthropologische Strukturbestimmungen II.3.1 Die Basisstruktur: Verstehend tätiges Sich-Verhalten in und zu Welt- und Selbst-Verhältnissen II.3.2 Differenzierung von Verhaltens-Dimensionen, -Arten, -Situationen II.3.3 Konstitutionsverhältnisse zwischen Sich-Verhalten, Handeln. Praxis III. Verweisungszusammenhänge zwischen philosophischer Anthropologie, Normativität/Ethik und kritischer Gesellschaftstheorie III.1 Philosophische Anthropologie und Ethik III.2 Philosophische Anthropologie, kritische Gesellschaftstheorie und Normativität/Ethik III.3 Neue globale Akzente: Weltbilrger, Weltethos, Weltgesellschaft und die Notwendigkeit interkulturell kommunikativer Vernunft - ohne Verdrängung der existentiellen Sinnfragen