BDSL-Klassifikation: 03.00.00 Literaturwissenschaft > 03.03.00 Studien
Refine
Year of publication
Document Type
- Article (72)
- Part of a Book (43)
- Part of Periodical (30)
- Review (25)
- Book (10)
- Conference Proceeding (4)
- Periodical (4)
- Lecture (1)
- Master's Thesis (1)
- Other (1)
Language
- German (169)
- English (15)
- Multiple languages (3)
- Turkish (2)
- French (1)
- Italian (1)
- Portuguese (1)
- Spanish (1)
Keywords
- Literatur (62)
- Vergleichende Literaturwissenschaft (34)
- Literaturwissenschaft (19)
- Kulturwissenschaften (17)
- Rezension (17)
- Elektronische Zeitschrift (11)
- Deutsch (8)
- Kanon (8)
- Rezeption (7)
- Künste (6)
Institute
- Extern (9)
Although the first travels to America were largely motivated by material interests, the news about native peoples published in Europe by the travellers little by little influenced a conception of the world, which was still dominated by medieval traditions. In general, the experience of the alien was still described in the forms of the own, but gradually the empirical knowledge began to structure a new discourse. The author analyses the earliest books on voyages to Brazil in the middle of the l6th century by Hans Staden, Jean de Léry and André Thevet. He observes how they develop discursive orders of their own, trying to deal with strange phenomena. They mark a first step for Western thought in the process of creating a space for the alien, who really exists – in this case on the coast of Brazil.
Este ensaio investiga a importância da violência na entrevista de Hubert Fichte com Hans Eppendorfer, o Homem de Couro – no plano conteudístico e no plano estrutural. Tenta-se demonstrar como Fichte manipula (violentamente) o entrevistado. A violência que é tema da entrevistae examinada dentro do horizonte da teoria fichtiana do ritual.
Der peruanische Autor Ciro Alegría beschreibt in seinem Roman "El mundo es ancho y ajeno" [Die Welt ist groß und fremd] von 1941 wie ein Indio auf einen Berg in den Anden steigt. Rosendo, Alegrías Protagonist, steigt auf diesen Berg, um Heilkräuter zu suchen, aber zu seiner Bergbesteigung wird er auch aus einem anderen Grund motiviert:
"En realidad, subió también porque le gustaba probar la gozosa fuerza de sus músculos en la lucha con las escarpadas cumbres y luego, al dominarlas, llenarse los ojos de horizontes. Amaba los amplios espacios y la magnífica grandeza de los Andes."
Rosendos Motivation scheint auf den ersten Blick die eines Alpinisten zu sein: Nämlich erstens der Drang nach Bewegung ("probar la gozosa fuerza de sus músculos"), zweitens ein Eroberungswille ("al dominarlas") und drittens den Blick von oben, als Panorama, zu genießen ("llenarse los ojos de horizontes"). In der deutschen Übersetzung heißt es:
"Aber er ging in Wahrheit auch hinauf, weil er an den jähen Abhängen die Kraft seiner Muskeln fühlen wollte, und weil er nichts so sehr liebte, wie von bezwungenen Berghöhen aus die Augen an fernen Horizonten zu weiden. Er liebte die riesigen Bäume, die erhabene Höhe der Anden […]." "Magnífica grandeza" lässt sich zwar mit "erhabene Höhe" übersetzen, doch gibt es für den Begriff "erhaben" im Spanischen treffendere Begriffe wie zum Beispiel elevado oder sublime. Magnífica meint dagegen vielmehr "prächtig". Können die Anden aus Rosendos Perspektive, aus der Perspektive eines Indios, als erhaben beschrieben werden? Will Alegría seinen Protagonisten die Anden tatsächlich so wahrnehmen lassen wie ein Europäer die Alpen im 18. Jahrhundert? Es scheint, als ob die Schweizer Übersetzer in Alegrías Text ein Stück europäische Tradition und Kultur "hineininterpretieren", nämlich das Gefühl des Erhabenen beim Anblick eines Bergmassivs wie es in der europäischen Tradition vor allem seit Kant eine bedeutende Rolle spielt. Ist der Blick der Schweizer Übersetzer in diesem Fall also eurozentrisch, da sie ein europäisches Gedankengut auf ein außereuropäisches Phänomen, das Hochland der Anden aus Sicht eines Indios, projizieren bzw. es dort wiederzufinden glauben und die Andersartigkeit der Fremdkultur mit der Übersetzung – vielleicht unbewusst – überspielen? Die Übersetzung erweist sich in diesem Fall also als problematisch.
Science in Wonderland
(2008)
Lewis Carroll's Alice, who first explores Wonderland (1865) and later on the country behind the Looking-Glass (1872), belongs to the most well-known characters in world literature. [...] The scientific reception of Carroll's stories – concerning physics as well as the humanities – has taken place on different levels. On the one hand, […] various Carrollian ideas and episodes obviously correspond to topics, subjects and models that are treated in the contexts of scientific discourses. Therefore, they can be quoted or alluded to in order to represent theories and questions […] – as […] physical models of the world […]or theoretical models of language and communication. […] On a more abstract level of observation, Carroll's stories have been used in order to explain and to discuss the pre-conditions, the procedures, and the limits . of scientific modeling as such. Above all, they make it possible to narrate on the problem of defining and observing an 'object' of research. […] According to Deleuze, the paradox structures of the world that Alice experiences give an idea of all meaning being groundless and all logic being subverted by the illogical. Finally, besides all affinities of Alice's adventures to scientific attempts to explain the world, the absolutely incomprehensible is present in Carroll's books as well. Especially the self proves to be something profoundly incomprehensible […].
Bakhtin argues that each literary genre codifies a particular world-view which is defined, in part, by its chronotope. That is, the spatial and temporal configurations of each genre determine in large part the kinds of action a fictional character may undertake in that given world (without being iconoclastic, a realist hero cannot slay mythical beasts, and a questing knight cannot philosophize over drinks in a café). Recent extensions of Bakhtin’s theory have sought to define the chronotopes of new and emergent genres such as the road movie, the graphic novel, and hypertext fiction. Others have challenged Bakhtin’s characterization of certain chronotopes, such as those of epic and lyric poetry, arguing that these genres (and their chronotopes) are far more dynamic and dialogic than Bakhtin’s analysis seems at first glance to allow. Rather than taking issue with Bakhtin’s characterization of particular genres here, however, I wish to argue that we should pay closer attention to the heterochrony, or interplay of different chronotopes, in individual texts and their genres. As Bakhtin’s own essay demonstrates, what makes any literary chronotope dynamic is its conflict and interplay with alternative chronotopes and world-views. Heterochrony (raznovremennost) is the spatiotemporal equivalent of linguistic heteroglossia, and if we examine any of Bakhtin’s readings of particular chronotopes closely enough, we will find evidence of heterochronic conflict. This clash of spatiotemporal configurations within a text, or family of texts, provides the ground for the dialogic inter-illumination of opposing world-views.
This paper proposes a reflection on the potential of the chronotope as a heuristic tool in the field of adaptation studies. My goal is to situate the chronotope in the context of adaptation studies, specifically with regard to perhaps the most central treatise in the field of literary adaptation, Gérard Genette’s “Palimpsests: Literature in the Second Degree”, and to draw attention to perhaps one of the most overlooked works in the field of adaptation studies, Caryl Emerson’s chronotope-inspired “Boris Godunov: Transpositions of a Russian Theme”. I will demonstrate how the chronotope might be used in the study of literary adaptation by examining the relationships between Daniel Defoe’s “Robinson Crusoe”, its historical sources, and Michel Tournier’s twentieth-century adaptation of the Robinson story, “Friday”. My analysis draws upon three of the semantic levels of the chronotope presented in the introduction to this volume: (1) chronotopic motifs linked to two opposing themes: enthusiasm for European colonial expansionism and skepticism regarding the supremacy of European culture; (2) major chronotopes that determine the narrative structure of a text; and (3) the way in which such major chronotopes may be linked to broader questions of genre.
Die vorliegende Studie setzt sich zum Ziel, die bestehende Analogie von zwei Märchen zu untersuchen. Es handelt sich um das Märchen "Mawu et ses trois enfants" aus Togo und Grimms Märchen "Der Arme und der Reiche". Bei der Untersuchung kommt ein wichtiger Punkt zum Vorschein: Beide Male geht es um Gott, der Menschen auf eine Probe stellt. In "Mawu et ses trois enfants" zum Beispiel hat Gott drei Söhne, deren Gehorsamkeit ihm gegenüber er überprüft. In "Der Arme und der Reiche" hingegen kommt er in Gestalt eines einfachen Reisenden zu Besuch zu einem reichen Mann und dann zu einem armen. Die Weise, wie sich die Besuchten in den jeweiligen Märchen verhielten und wie sie vom Gott belohnt worden sind, wird analysiert. Interessant ist es auch bei den zwei Märchen die Tatsache, dass obwohl sie aus so weit entfernten Ländern wie Togo und Deutschland stammen, jedoch Einflüsse nachweisen, die dazu beitragen, Brücken zwischen den vielfältigen Kulturen zu bilden und somit einen Dialog zwischen den Kulturen unterstützen.
A wall-sized canvas by Twombly hanging in a purpose-built pavilion by Renzo Piano, commissioned by the Menil Collection in Houston, bears the scrawled inscription »Anatomy of Melancholy.« Untitled (Say Goodbye Catullus, to the Shores of Asia Minor) is the culminating statement of the artist’s maturity: begun in 1972, it was first exhibited in 1994. In this monumental cenotaph, Twombly’s painting displays phrases from Archilochos, Catullus, Keats and Rilke, as well as the title of Burton’s famous tome, worked into the fabric of the composition, integral to the iconic content. It is the aching heart of the select permanent exhibition of his oeuvre at the pavilion, known as the Twombly Gallery (www.menil.org/twombly.html). The austerity of Piano’s architectural setting, as well as the cunningly filtered Texas sunlight, makes this a site of cult, like the chapel containing the dark, final canvases of Mark Rothko, situated around the corner in the same urban grove of old oak. The setting is a modern Dodona, remote seat of the oaken oracle of Zeus, and it makes an evocative home for Twombly’s enigmatic constructions. These disarm conventional vocabularies of aesthetic response, drawing attention to words and snatches of verse as points of association and recognition. Looking at them involves siting a phrase such as »Anatomy of Melancholy« in other dimensions – in lines, patches, figures, colors.
No other country is influenced in its political, social and cultural structures by both western and eastern mentality such as Lebanon, and hardly any other country has such a pivotal function. In this mediator function it can be compared with a literary work, that merits its role in world literature as hardly any other piece of literature in regard to the co-operation of Orient and Occident. I am thinking of the collection of "A Thousand and One Nights", or with its original title "Alf Laila wa-Laila".
The paper deals with an aspect of materiality in language as it is expressed in the complex metaphor of glottophagia, invented by Louis-Jean Calvet in the context of linguistics and colonialism. In this article the term is released from Calvet's unilateral negative use of the term as he focuses on its relation to orality, and instead it is linked with the positive literal tradition of eating written language as e.g. in the Bible and in the Classical Antiquity. From this point of view, glottophagia's poetological function as destroying, combining, reanimating, and purifying language emerges as a crucial feature of literary texts by Umberto Eco, Wolfdietrich Schnurre and Yoko Tawada.