430 Germanische Sprachen; Deutsch
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This article presents a new dimension of the lexical category of “false friends”. False friends are the result of complex phenomena, exceeding bilingualism, so that they are not to be explained solely within the context of the mother tongue or of the foreign language. Many false friendships, i.e. potential false friends, stem from socalled internationalisms. In this article I discuss, in a concrete manner, based on some examples of Greek words in German, the way in which false friendships build a triangle, going further than the limits of one language pair. The main purpose of the article is to show that the etymological condition, even if only optional in defining false friends, has a major role to play in the international lexical patrimony of European languages.
"Spieglein, Spieglein an der Wand ..." : das Diminutiv im Überzetzungsvergleich Deutsch-Rumänisch
(2012)
The paper presents some aspects connected to the system of diminution in German and Romanian, by offering a comparative analysis of the German version of the fairy tale “Snow White” and six Romanian translations of the text. The focus lies on the ways in which the nouns in the text are marked as ‘diminutives’ in German (mainly by adding suffixes, the synthetic diminutives) and the equivalences suggested by the Romanian translators. Although the category ‘diminution’ is common to both languages, there are significant differences in the way it is linguistically expressed. A main part of the paper is devoted to these differences and their reflection in the text.
The present study intends to analyze the literary personality of the German-language writer and translator Alfred Margul-Sperber and his approach to Romanian folk poetry and Romanian folk ballads. Alfred Margul-Sperber is known as a classical German-language poet from Romania, as a discoverer and supporter of literary talent, but also as a brilliant translator. Impressions from his childhood and life experiences contributed to Alfred MargulSperber’s interest for Romanian poets and especially for Romanian folk poetry, which left its own mark on Sperber’s literary creation. The author was fascinated by its plurality of forms, its richness of rhymes, images and sounds. The masterpiece of Romanian folk poetry, “Mioriţa/The little Ewe”-ballad raised the interest of the multilingual translator who proved his outstanding talent by translating the original text into German as accurately as possible and remarkably close to the spirit of the Romanian folk poetry, thus popularizing it among the German readers at home and abroad.
The article is a scholary review of the Stefan Kühtz's handbook „Wissenschaftlich formulieren. Tipps und Textbausteine für Studium und Schule” (Scientific express. Tip and text block for studies and school). The book contains the information about, how to write a scientific paper and many of examples of right and wrong sentences. Such tips can be useful not only for students of German as a foreign language, but also for native speakers of german language.
Ever since their settlement in the Maramureș at the end of the 18th century, the Zipser Germans have been living in close relation to the other linguistic groups (Romanians, Hungarians, Ruthenians, Jews, and Roma/Sinti) in Viºeu de Sus. Thus a multi-/intercultural and multilingual society has emerged under all social, economic and cultural aspects of life. These intercultural interactions can be observed especially on the level of the language. This article tries to identify and analyse some borrowings from Romanian and Hungarian into the Zipser German dialect from the lexical, semantic and syntactic perspective of transference.
The paper discusses the request of the Jewish Middle/ Middle-East-European immigrants for images, impressions, feelings and memories from their native lands, which Aaron Lebedeff masterfully captured in his American-Jewish musicals. The paper focuses on multiculturalism and multilingualism in overlapping regions of extended cultural areas, particularly in territories along the borders of Middle/Middle-East-European states, which don’t form any abrupt cultural barriers. Using the example of a in our time in Jewish milieus worldwide frequently played quadrilingual song from Aaron Lebedeff about Romania (with the German translation of the complete version from 1925), the paper conveys the role of Yiddish as a major dialect of the German as a worldwide carrier of this language as well.
The meaning of the verb „heischen“ occurs in standard German in special context only, especially in poetic language. In some Rhenish idioms of the German language space this lexeme is documented with the same meaning as in the Transylvanian Saxon idiom. Notable is the meaning “to woo”, “to ask for the bride’s hand” and idioms with a special wording that is specific to the Transylvanian-Saxon idiom only. This case study exemplifies how Transylvanian Saxon, removed from the German language space, is handling the linguistic thesaurus brought over centuries ago via emigration from the old country and how it adds its own meanings through a mixture and balance of language, a phenomenon specific to the colonial idioms.