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This study aims to analysing the exclusively phraseological occurrency of some adjectives taken from German. This phenomenon reffers to the isolation of words and lexical forms out of linguistical and extralinguistical causes, in phraseological sintagmas. Firstly, we will briefly present the main directions in the research of this isolated lexemes. Then, we will analyse the linguistical features specific to these linguistical facts, using as exemples some of the German adjectives.
The Transylvanian-Saxon Dictionary (SSWB) documents the general thesaurus of the Transylvanian Saxons by means of meaningful idiomatic samples. In addition there are certified documents of Transylvanian sources of the German language from the mid 13th to mid 10th century, which are of relevance for the idiomatic influence upon the literary German written language in Transylvania or the history of the German language. From this point of view some lexemes are absorbed into the dictionary, which refer to established legal agreements and mandatory services pertaining to a specific time period. The case studies in the following article are documented sources, extracted from the SSWB and the Transylvanian vernacular literature.
Banater Schnitten, Pariser Stangen, Russische Elegante : zur Reichweite siebenbürgischer Kochrezepte
(2014)
The present paper analyses the gastronomic terms with geographical components, which appear especially in the German cooking books, characteristic for the 19th and 20th century from Transylvania. The linguistic analysis (phonology, morpho-syntax, and semantics) and the pragmatics of these terms help us to reflect the economic, historical and cultural realities of those times; the interethnic interferences from the gastronomic field are as profound as those from the cultural and linguistic field are.
Der Beitrag widmet sich einem ausgewählten Bereich öffentlicher Pressesprache, wobei strukturelle, semantische und pragmatische Besonderheiten der sogenannten hölzernen Sprache in der deutschsprachigen Zeitung Neuer Weg (NW) aus Rumänien exemplarisch am Beispiel von Beileidstelegrammen zum Ableben der kommunistischen Führer Josef Wissarionowitsch Stalin und Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej (1953 bzw.1965) erfasst werden sollen. Mit der Darstellung von Formulierungspräferenzen in einer ausgewählten Textsorte der öffentlichen schriftlichen Kommunikationspraxis und der Analyse dieses soziokulturell geprägten Sprachgebrauchs hinaus sollen auch die sozial-historischen Bedingungen, die für das Auftauchen der Ausdrucksformen der hölzernen Sprache förderlich waren, eruiert werden.
The article presents in its first part approaches to the concept of text genres and some milestones in the evolution of text linguistics. The aim of this linguistics consists in the research of different ways of constructing texts, regardles of style and genre. Starting from the premise that some textual elements are indices for the text genres, the article exposes some observations regarding delimitations between text genres and research approaches from the intercultural and interdisciplinary perspective.
Life in Saxon and Romanian neighbourly communities in the common homeland of Transylvania is reflected in the vocabulary of the Transylvanian-Saxon vernaculars. This lingual contact results in “collective bilingualism”, a term used in the respective specialist literature. This contribution aims at the analysis of the loan verbs from a semantic viewpoint, at their classification according to their phonetic levelling to the vernacular phonetic system and at giving recapitulatory comments concerning the loan words’ integration process. The case examples are taken from the Transylvanian-Saxon Dictionary, from the North-Transylvanian-Saxon Dictonary and other specialist literature.
The present paper accumulates information and studies the etymology of the Romanian ethnonym “Aleman” and its versions, beginning from their geographical spread throughout Romania and Germany. The Romanian surnames “Aleman” and “Aloman” (highest prevalence in the area of Transylvania, in the Sibiu and Alba counties), as well as “Aliman”, “Alimănescu”, “Alaman” and “Alman” (highest prevalence in the areas of Muntenia, Oltenia and Dobrogea) do not come from the French term “allman” as their German equivalents “Allman”, “Allmang”, “Lallemand” do, which are concentrated in the Western Germany (in the Saarland, Rhineland-Palatinate German federal districts), due to the fact that there are no correspondents to the surnames of the Transylvanian Saxons. Therefore, the origin of these Romanian surnames is more likely to relate to the Turkish term “aleman” (see Iordan, 1983, p. 25 and 23), which also refers to the Germanic tribe of alamans or alemans, having the same meaning of “German”. The geographical proliferation of the “Aleman” and “Aliman” versions of the term is specific to the East to West population migration phenomena. These versions are the only ones existent in today’s Germany. Thus the “Aleman” and “Aliman” surnames are to be found in strongly industrialized centers such as Munich, Stuttgart, Karlsruhe, Mannheim, Wiesbaden, Bielefeld, Hamburg and not in the area of the German-French frontier (see following map).
Based on the specific use of fixed expressions in everyday communication or in written messages, the paper presents modifications of reiterated discourse (suppresion, addition, substitution, permutation) that are illustrated by adapted common phrases and innovations of text types with formalized language.
In our “House Europe” the exchange of ideas is going on intensively and the multi-cultural societies are in continuous transformation. An interesting example for cultural transfer in a multi-lingual and multi-confessional society is the reception of the St. Martin’s Day combined with the lantern procession organized by the German schools in Transylvania. The schools with German teaching language in Romania became a practice area for intercultural communication. Since 1997, first grade students at German schools in Romania learn from a new reading primer. One of the reading passages, “Our Lantern Festival”, initiated the spreading of a feast which had not been popular before neither with the German speaking minority of the Transylvanian Saxons, nor with the Romanian majority. The Lantern Festival is closely linked to the celebration of St. Martin, who is a European figure of high symbolic power. We can allege that the cultural diversity is an additional value for Europe. In the era of globalization, when migration processes and cultural hybridization are getting more intense, the intercultural communication has to adjust its inherited paradigm to the contemporary dynamics and heterogeneity of cultures.