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Pontos básicos da trajetória intelectual de Habermas são reconstruidos à luz de seu confronto com Rawls. Assinalam-se os limites da pretensão habermasiana a uma universalidade superior à rawlsiana. Argumenta-se que o livro de 1962 sobre "mudanças estruturais da esfera pública" já encerra as questões que encontrarão desdobramento mais tarde, inclusive na "teoria da ação comunicativa" de 1981. O artigo vai no sentido de uma reconstrução crítica de alguns problemas centrais do programa de pesquisa de Habermas. No final, retoma-se o confronto com Rawls.
Ênfase na análise imanente no seu sentido mais forte, ou remessa às condições históricas da produção dos textos? Neste artigo destinado ao exame crítico desses livros argumenta-se que, estando em jogo obras de um autor que se move no universo do marxismo (Ressentimento da dialética e O fio da meada, de Paulo Arantes) a disjuntiva remete a Adorno ou a Lukács, autores centrais para Arantes.
German particles usually bring great difficulties to German students. One of these particles, doch, is very often used, especially in conversation. In this paper its various uses are discussed, as well as eases where it can be replaced by other particles, adverbs or conjunctions, without changing the illocution (that is, the intention of the speaker). This study is based on the work of HELBIG, who differentiates eight varieties of doch. Each of them is discussed here according to syntactic, semantic and pragmatic criteria and made explicit through examples.
An important role in the coherence of texts is played by the distribution of information in the sentence. The present paper especially examines the beginning of sentences (topics). Which syntactic elements are most adequate to initiate a sentence, and which of their characteristics can be considered responsible for this? After a short review of the pertinent literature, we shall present grammatical, semantic and pragmatic factors that organize topicalization. The point of departure are the patterns of basic serialization as defined by the grammar. Deviations of these patterns can particularly be a result of the principle of known information. In addition to this constitutive principle, we can distinguish five regulative principles that lead to non-marked topicalizations (situation, empathy, iconicity, lengthening terms, text connection). In the closing sections, the positioning of phrasal accents and some special types of topics will be discussed. All the examples given are from modem German.
This paper aims to investigate the dynamics of text-image interplay as exemplified by various text types applied to second language teaching and translation didactics. Based on examples of texts from the fields of Science, Technology, Literature and Language Teaching, the authors attempt to assess both successful and unsuccessful instances of the application of iconical resources in text production. Some didactic consequences are discussed.
In this article, we try to identify characteristics of German Expressionism in contemporary literature and its possible variations. The focus will be on the generation conflict and the text "Suchbild über meinen Vater" by Christoph Meckel (1980).
In expressionist poetry we can detect a first major rupture in the relations between man and nature. In expressionist poems such as "Weltende" ("The end of the world") by Jakob van Hoddis, we can read and see the fear and distrust of man in face cf the progress that the industrial revolution has brought. The theme of the destruction of nature in our days caused by modern/post-modern technology may be also read and seen in German literature of the eighties, as for example in the poems of Sarah Kirsch, in which she shows concrete landscapes,
poisoned rivers, forests and air.