221 search hits
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"Karopapier, Drehbleistifte und Musik von ABBA" : die Mathematiker Günter Ziegler und Ralph Neininger im Gespräch mit Anne Hardy
(2008)
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Günter Ziegler
Ralph Neininger
Anne Hardy
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A cost-effective pay-per-multiplication comparison method for millionaires
(2001)
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Marc Fischlin
- Based on the quadratic residuosity assumption we present a non-interactive crypto-computing protocol for the greater-than function, i.e., a non-interactive procedure between two parties such that only the relation of the parties' inputs is revealed. In comparison to previous solutions our protocol reduces the number of modular multiplications significantly. We also discuss applications to conditional oblivious transfer, private bidding and the millionaires' problem.
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A fast variant of the Gaussian reduction algorithm
(1994)
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Michael Kaib
- We propose a fast variant of the Gaussian algorithm for the reduction of two dimensional lattices for the l1-, l2- and l-infinite- norm. The algorithm runs in at most O(nM(B) logB) bit operations for the l-infinite- norm and in O(n log n M(B) logB) bit operations for the l1 and l2 norm on input vectors a, b 2 ZZn with norm at most 2B where M(B) is a time bound for B-bit integer multiplication. This generalizes Schönhages monotone Algorithm [Sch91] to the centered case and to various norms.
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A note on heat kernel estimates on weighted graphs with two-sided bounds on the weights
(2002)
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Andreas U. Schmidt
- We reconsider estimates for the heat kernel on weighted graphs recently found by Metzger and Stollmann. In the case that the weights satisfy a positive lower bound as well as a finite upper bound, we obtain a specialized lower estimate and a proper generalization of a previous upper estimate. Reviews: Math. Rev. 1979406, Zbl. Math. 0934.46042
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A note on strong solutions of stochastic differential equations with a discontinuous drift coefficient
(2006)
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Nikolaos Halidias
Peter E. Kloeden
- The existence of a mean-square continuous strong solution is established for vector-valued Itö stochastic differential equations with a discontinuous drift coefficient, which is an increasing function, and with a Lipschitz continuous diffusion coefficient. A scalar stochastic differential equation with the Heaviside function as its drift coefficient is considered as an example. Upper and lower solutions are used in the proof.
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A Stable Integer Relation Algorithm
(1994)
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Claus Peter Schnorr
Carsten Rössner
- We study the following problem: given x element Rn either find a short integer relation m element Zn, so that =0 holds for the inner product <.,.>, or prove that no short integer relation exists for x. Hastad, Just Lagarias and Schnorr (1989) give a polynomial time algorithm for the problem. We present a stable variation of the HJLS--algorithm that preserves lower bounds on lambda(x) for infinitesimal changes of x. Given x \in {\RR}^n and \alpha \in \NN this algorithm finds a nearby point x' and a short integer relation m for x'. The nearby point x' is 'good' in the sense that no very short relation exists for points \bar{x} within half the x'--distance from x. On the other hand if x'=x then m is, up to a factor 2^{n/2}, a shortest integer relation for \mbox{x.} Our algorithm uses, for arbitrary real input x, at most \mbox{O(n^4(n+\log \alpha))} many arithmetical operations on real numbers. If x is rational the algorithm operates on integers having at most \mbox{O(n^5+n^3 (\log \alpha)^2 + \log (\|q x\|^2))} many bits where q is the common denominator for x.
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A stochastic model for the joint evaluation of burstiness and regularity in oscillatory spike trains
(2013)
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Markus Bingmer
- The thesis provides a stochastic model to quantify and classify neuronal firing patterns of oscillatory spike trains. A spike train is a finite sequence of time points at which a neuron has an electric discharge (spike) which is recorded over a finite time interval. In this work, these spike times are analyzed regarding special firing patterns like the presence or absence of oscillatory activity and clusters (so called bursts). These bursts do not have a clear and unique definition in the literature. They are often fired in response to behaviorally relevant stimuli, e.g., an unexpected reward or a novel stimulus, but may also appear spontaneously. Oscillatory activity has been found to be related to complex information processing such as feature binding or figure ground segregation in the visual cortex. Thus, in the context of neurophysiology, it is important to quantify and classify these firing patterns and their change under certain experimental conditions like pharmacological treatment or genetical manipulation. In neuroscientific practice, the classification is often done by visual inspection criteria without giving reproducible results. Furthermore, descriptive methods are used for the quantification of spike trains without relating the extracted measures to properties of the underlying processes.
For that reason, a doubly stochastic point process model is proposed and termed 'Gaussian Locking to a free Oscillator' - GLO. The model has been developed on the basis of empirical observations in dopaminergic neurons and in cooperation with neurophysiologists. The GLO model uses as a first stage an unobservable oscillatory background rhythm which is represented by a stationary random walk whose increments are normally distributed. Two different model types are used to describe single spike firing or clusters of spikes. For both model types, the distribution of the random number of spikes per beat has different probability distributions (Bernoulli in the single spike case or Poisson in the cluster case). In the second stage, the random spike times are placed around their birth beat according to a normal distribution. These spike times represent the observed point process which has five easily interpretable parameters to describe the regularity and the burstiness of the firing patterns.
It turns out that the point process is stationary, simple and ergodic. It can be characterized as a cluster process and for the bursty firing mode as a Cox process. Furthermore, the distribution of the waiting times between spikes can be derived for some parameter combination. The conditional intensity function of the point process is derived which is also called autocorrelation function (ACF) in the neuroscience literature. This function arises by conditioning on a spike at time zero and measures the intensity of spikes x time units later. The autocorrelation histogram (ACH) is an estimate for the ACF. The parameters of the GLO are estimated by fitting the ACF to the ACH with a nonlinear least squares algorithm. This is a common procedure in neuroscientific practice and has the advantage that the GLO ACF can be computed for all parameter combinations and that its properties are closely related to the burstiness and regularity of the process. The precision of estimation is investigated for different scenarios using Monte-Carlo simulations and bootstrap methods.
The GLO provides the neuroscientist with objective and reproducible classification rules for the firing patterns on the basis of the model ACF. These rules are inspired by visual inspection criteria often used in neuroscientific practice and thus support and complement usual analysis of empirical spike trains. When applied to a sample data set, the model is able to detect significant changes in the regularity and burst behavior of the cells and provides confidence intervals for the parameter estimates.
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ABC for polynomials, dessins d'enfants, and uniformization - a survey
(2004)
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Jürgen Wolfart
- The main subject of this survey are Belyi functions and dessins d'enfants on Riemann surfaces. Dessins are certain bipartite graphs on 2-mainfolds defining there are conformal and even an algebraic structure. In principle, all deeper properties of the resulting Riemann surfaces or algebraic curves should be encoded in these dessins, but the decoding turns out to be difficult and leads to many open problems. We emphasize arithmetical aspects like Galois actions, the relation to the ABC theorem in function filds and arithemtic questions in uniformization theory of algebraic curves defined over number fields.
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Algebraic values of Schwarz triangle functions
(2005)
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Hironori Shiga
Jürgen Wolfart
- We consider Schwarz maps for triangles whose angles are rather general rational multiples of pi. Under which conditions can they have algebraic values at algebraic arguments? The answer is based mainly on considerations of complex multiplication of certain Prym varieties in Jacobians of hypergeometric curves. The paper can serve as an introduction to transcendence techniques for hypergeometric functions, but contains also new results and examples.
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Algebraische und konforme Quantenfeldtheorie
(1999)
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Andreas Ullrich Schmidt
- Verbesserte Auflage der im Logos-Verlag, Berlin, 1997 mit der ISBN 3-931216-49-7 erschienenen Diplomarbeit. Version vom 5 August 1999.
