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Bu makalede geleneksel Alman genç kız romanının temel eserlerinden birisi olan Emmy von Rhoden'in "Der Trotzkopf" (1885) adlı romanı ile modern dönemi temsilen Dagmar Chidolue'nun "Lady Punk" (1985) adlı romanı toplumsal cinsiyet araştırmaları ile yeniden okunmuştur. Bu okuma ve analiz süreci sonucunda kurgusal genç kız imgesinin gelenekselden moderne doğru geçirdiği değişim karşılaştırmalı olarak ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Diğer bir hedef ise modern döneme gelindiğinde genç kız imgesinin lehine olan özgürleşmesinde rol oynayan etmenleri ve kazandığı özgürlüğün niteliklerini vurgulamaktır. Sonuçların toplumsal cinsiyet araştırmalarına dayanılarak yorumlanması sürecinde ise çalışmaya her iki romandan elde edilen bulgular rehberlik etmiştir.
Im Folgenden möchte ich das gerade angedeutete Spannungsfeld zwischen Kopie und Original unter medien- und kulturhistorischen Vorzeichen thematisieren. Meine Hypothese ist, dass es einen Zusammenhang gibt zwischen dem 'Copy and Paste' respektive 'Cut and Paste' als einer Strategie der Texterzeugung und der Kulturtechnik der Pfropfung: einem ursprünglich botanischen Verfahren, bei dem Praktiken des Schneidens, Klebens und Kopierens eine wesentliche Rolle spielen. Dabei möchte ich insbesondere zeigen, wie sich das 'Prinzip Pfropfung' in der Interaktion mit den 'Trägermedien' von Originalen und Kopien realisiert – vor allem mit Blick auf jene 'Papierpraktiken', die mit den Kunst-Strategien der klassischen 'Avantgarde'-Strategien reüssieren: der Collage, der Montage, der Assemblage; Praktiken, die, glaubt man Antoine Compagnon, Echos einer "geste archaïque du découper-coller" sind, die der Logik des 'Cut and Paste' folgen.
Diyalog 2017/1
(2017)
Die Ausgabe 2017/1 liegt Ihnen vor und wir freuen uns sehr, Sie hiermit begrüßen zu dürfen. Reich an Themen und Autorenskala sind die Beiträge in folgende Rubriken einzuteilen: Im Fachbereich der Deutschen Literatur ist zunächst die Auseinandersetzung mit dem Scharlatanmotiv in dem Roman 'Geschichte der Abderiten' von Christoph Martin Wieland interessant. Als zweitens ist Ingeborg Rapoports Autobiografie 'Meine ersten drei Leben' zu nennen, in der exemplarisch nachgewiesen wird, inwiefern Interkulturalität und Engagement Hand in Hand gehen. Hierbei tritt Rapoport mit ihrem interkulturellen Engagement als Antikolonialistin auf, Nazismus- und Holocaustkritikerin und besonders aber auch als eine den Frieden suchende Autorin, deren Denkweise in die Nähe des Levinasschen Humanismus gerückt werden dürfte. Das Thema des dritten Beitrags ist die Erforschung der Schönheitsauffassung in deutschen und türkischen Volksmärchen. Das Schöne bezieht sich indessen ausschließlich auf weibliche Figurentypen der Märchenwelt beider Erzählkulturen. Allgemein Literaturwissenschaftlich ist der umfangreiche Aufsatz über leserorientierte Literaturtheorien und über die Positionierung des Lesers, in dem davon ausgegangen wird, dass die Auslegung eines literarischen Textes ohne den Leser nicht möglich ist, wobei "der implizite Leser" von Wolfgang Iser, "der Leser als Textproduzent" von Stanley Fisch und "der psychoanalytische Ansatz" von Norman N. Holland im Mittelpunkt stehen. Dem Fachbereich Sprachwissenschaft sind zwei Beiträge zuzuordnen, die zum Teil erziehungswissenschaftlich bezeichnet werden können: In dem ersten Beitrag geht es um deutsche suffixale Adjektivbildungen, die scheinbar keiner Systematik entsprechen wollen, sondern anscheinend in ihrer möglichen Verwendung der Konvention gehorchen. Der zweite Beitrag fokussiert die Schwierigkeit von förmlich ähnlichen Wörtern im Lehr- und Lernprozess. Im Fachbereich Translationswissenschaft wird zunächst ein übersetzungsphilosophischer Ansatz thematisiert. Im zweiten Aufsatz geht es um die Bedeutung der Notation beim Konsekutivdolmetschen und deren Ausübung auf universitärer Ebene. In dem dritten Aufsatz werden die geschichtlichen Hintergrundinformationen sowie die Affinität und die Gegensätze der Septuaginta und vom Stein der Rosetta ausführlich diskutiert. Dem Fachbereich "Erziehungswissenschaft" lassen sich drei Beiträge zuordnen. In dem einen Aufsatz werden die Geschichte und der Werdegang des Fernunterrichts in der Türkei und die Möglichkeiten für das Lernen des Deutschen als Fremdsprache durch Fernunterricht dargestellt. Im zweiten werden Ergebnisse einer kontrastiven Studie zur unterrichtsbezogenen Sprechangst von DaF-Lernenden in der Türkei und in Deutschland präsentiert. Das Thema der dritten Studie ist es, die Fremdsprachenniveaus der Akademiker an der Trakya Universität nach gewissen demographischen Variablen zu messen und die Verwendungszwecke der Fremdsprachen zu beschreiben.
Diyalog 2017/2
(2017)
Die vorliegende Ausgabe sticht mit Beiträgen aus den komparatistischen, imagologischen, sprach-, erziehungs- und translationswissenschaftlichen Fachbereichen der Germanistik hervor. Literaturwissenschaftlich sind die beiden ersten Beiträge, die sich mit dem Thema Döblin befassen ("Zum Geschlecht der Macht im Kolonialismus: Weiblichkeit, Männlichkeit und Asymmetrie in Alfred Döblins Amazonas-Roman" und Eine Untersuchung zur Erzählstruktur in der Erzählung "Die Ermordung einer Butterblume" von Alfred Döblin). Imagologisch geht es um die Untersuchung der Mädchenfigur aus der Perspektive der soziologischen Genderforschung („Alman Genç Kız Edebiyatı Bağlamında Genç Kız İmgesinin Toplumsal Cinsiyet Araştırmaları ile Analizi. Geleneksel Der Trotzkopf Romanından Modern Lady Punk'a Romanına Değişim Süreci”) und die "Bemerkungen zu Heiner Müllers Gedicht 'Fernsehen'", während sprachwissenschaftlich das Problem der Werbesprache diskutiert wird. Der Fachbereich "Erziehungswissenschaft" wird von drei BeiträgerInnen vertreten: Es geht hier einerseits um "Konzeption, Durchführung und Evaluation einer Ausspracheschulung für türkische DaF-Lehramtsstudierende des ersten Studienjahres" und andererseits um die Evaluation des Lehrbuchs "Schritt für Schritt Deutsch". Der dritte Beitrag thematisiert das "Exzerpieren in Deutsch als Fremdsprache im Lehramtsstudiengang in der Türkei". Translationswissenschaftlich werden "die Relevanz paratextueller Elemente beim Übersetzungsprozess" und "Übersetzungsstrategien der Kinderliteratur" diskutiert. Die Übersetzung der Kurzgeschichte "Das Brot" von Wolfgang Borchert bildet das Thema des dritten Beitrags aus diesem Fachbereich. Zwei Rezensionen ("Çeviri Atölyesi / Çeviride Tuzaklar" und "Wirksamkeit und Nachhaltigkeit vorintegrativer Spracharbeit") und Berichte über die internationale Tagungen "Beziehungskrisen: Deutsch-türkische Verhältnisse in Literatur und Film" in Izmir und über zwei internationale Symposien in Sivas (V. Uluslararası Batı Kültürü ve Edebiyatları Araştırmaları Sempozyumu) und in Amasya (Uluslararası Savaş ve Kültür Sempozyumu) runden die Ausgabe 2017/2 ab.
The object of this study is one of the most ambitious projects of twentieth-century art history: Aby Warburg's 'Atlas Mnemosyne', conceived in the summer of 1926 – when the first mention of a 'Bilderatlas', or "atlas of images", occurs in his journal – and truncated three years later, unfinished, by his sudden death in October 1929. Mnemosyne consisted in a series of large black panels, about 170x140 cm., on which were attached black-and-white photographs of paintings, sculptures, book pages, stamps, newspaper clippings, tarot cards, coins, and other types of images. Warburg kept changing the order of the panels and the position of the images until the very end, and three main versions of the Atlas have been recorded: one from 1928 (the "1-43 version", with 682 images); one from the early months of 1929, with 71 panels and 1050 images; and the one Warburg was working on at the time of his death, also known as the "1-79 version", with 63 panels and 971 images (which is the one we will examine). But Warburg was planning to have more panels – possibly many more – and there is no doubt that Mnemosyne is a dramatically unfinished and controversial object of study.
Patterns and interpretation
(2017)
One thing for sure: digitization has completely changed the literary archive. People like me used to work on a few hundred nineteenth-century novels; today, we work on thousands of them; tomorrow, hundreds of thousands. This has had a major effect on literary history, obviously enough, but also on critical methodology; because, when we work on 200,000 novels instead of 200, we are not doing the same thing, 1,000 times bigger; we are doing a different thing. The new scale changes our relationship to our object, and in fact 'it changes the object itself'.
BLACK KIRBY is a collaborative "entity" that is the creative doppelganger of artists / designers John Jennings and Stacey "Blackstar" Robinson. The manifestation of this avatar is an exhibition and catalog1 of primarily visual artworks-on-paper that celebrate the groundbreaking work of legendary comics creator Jack Kirby regarding his contributions to the pop culture landscape and his development of some of the conventions of the comics medium.
BLACK KIRBY also functions as a highly syncretic mythopoetic framework by appropriating Jack Kirby’s bold forms and revolutionary ideas combined with themes centered around AfroFuturism social justice, Black history, media criticism, science fiction, magical realism, and the utilization of Hip Hop culture as a methodology for creating visual expression. This collection of work also focuses on the digital medium and how its inherent affordances offer much more flexibility in the expression of visual communication and what that means in its production and consumption in the public sphere. In a sense, BLACK KIRBY appropriates the gallery as a conceptual "crossroads" to examine identity as a socialized concept and to show the commonalities between Black comics creators and Jewish comics creators and how they both utilize the medium of comics as space of resistance. The duo attempts to re-mediate "Blackness" and other identity contexts as "sublime technologies" that produce experiences that sometime limit human progress and possibility. This paper / presentation will examine some of the themes of this inaugural exhibition of this new artistic team and share the processes involved with the ideation, execution, and installation of the exhibition.
This psychophysiological study is the first to examine the relationship between emotional tears and emotional piloerection (i.e., goosebumps). Although both phenomena have been related to peak states of being moved, details about their temporal occurrence and the associated levels of physiological arousal have remained unknown. In our study, we used emotionally powerful film scenes that were self-selected by participants. Our findings show that even within peak moments of emotional arousal, a gradation of intensity is possible. The overlap of tears and goosebumps signifies a maximal climax within peak moments. On the side of the stimulus, we found that displays of prosocial behavior play a crucial role in the elicitation of tears and goosebumps. Finally, based on the results of a formal film analysis of the tears-eliciting clips provided by our participants, as compared to randomly extracted, equally long control clips from the same films, we show how the technical and artistic making of the clips was optimized for the display of social interaction and emotional expressions.
The emotional power of poetry: neural circuitry, psychophysiology and compositional principles
(2017)
It is a common experience—and well established experimentally—that music can engage us emotionally in a compelling manner. The mechanisms underlying these experiences are receiving increasing scrutiny. However, the extent to which other domains of aesthetic experience can similarly elicit strong emotions is unknown. Using psychophysiology, neuroimaging and behavioral responses, we show that recited poetry can act as a powerful stimulus for eliciting peak emotional responses, including chills and objectively measurable goosebumps that engage the primary reward circuitry. Importantly, while these responses to poetry are largely analogous to those found for music, their neural underpinnings show important differences, specifically with regard to the crucial role of the nucleus accumbens. We also go beyond replicating previous music-related studies by showing that peak aesthetic pleasure can co-occur with physiological markers of negative affect. Finally, the distribution of chills across the trajectory of poems provides insight into compositional principles of poetry.
The present volume documents the twofold character of the conference 'Science meets Comics' with the first part focusing on comics as a format for communicating complex topics and the second part addressing food in the age of the Anthropocene as one such example for complex topics. The overall objective of the symposium was to deal with the results and suggestions of the presentations and discussions, to find possible pathways on how to feed the world in the future and to co-produce the final chapter of the scientific comic 'Eating Anthropocene' together with all artists participating in the project. In order to sum up the framing, contents and design process of the comic as well as to highlight its Anthropocene context we below provide a slightly abridged version of the preface of our comic book.
Interview mit Katerina Teaiwa über ihr Buch zu den Umweltschäden und schweren Menschenrechtsverletzungen auf der Insel Ocean Island (Banaba) aufgrund des Phosphatabbaus durch Besatzungs- und Kolonialmächte.
Our daily food consumption is slowly but surely turning into the largest environmental threat. The agricultural sector consumes 70% of the water used by humankind. The production of meat consumes enormous amounts of water compared to plants. Innovations in the area of food production are lately summarized as AgTech, agricultural technology. This encompasses all sorts of areas, ranging from drone-controlled tractors to printed hamburgers. Specifically the challenge of making use of the limited areas available in cities and maximizing crop yields has seen a recent boom in novel approaches – and quite a bit of investor finance.
Human-induced environmental change represents one of the major challenges of current and future generations. To evaluate the anthropogenic impacts on the biosphere, the concept of Planetary Boundaries was developed, indicating that in case of four out of nine environmental indicators a transgression of corresponding boundaries has already taken place: Biodiversity loss, climate change, land-system change, and biogeochemical flows. Further, paleoclimate research has shown that the earth´s environment has been relatively stable for the last 12,000 years. Researchers assume that this, in geological terms, very short period – called Holocene – is now already again replaced by a new geological era: the Anthropocene, due to the tremendous impacts humans had on earth.
In Japan, most contemporary readers expect comics, or manga, to be entertaining fiction ('story manga'), magazine-based, and targeted at age- and gender-specific demographics. These narratives eventually reappear in bound book editions ('tankōbon'), after they have proven to be popular to an extent that would warrant print runs of more than 5,000 copies. Due to the central role of magazines as first site of publication since the 1960s, genre specificity has been essential – for editors, readers, and artists alike. While manga's traditional genres have been gender- and age-specific, thematic genres such as SF, horror and comedy, or recently also blog-like essay manga, come to the fore whenever the otherwise prevalent categories forfeit efficacy. But there is one genre which does not comply with these categories, i.e. gakushū manga, educational or instructional comics.
A comic can tell the story of almost anything: a single atom, the entire solar system, the past, future events, dreams and thoughts. All this, and more, can be depicted. When presenting facts, a certain artistic licence can be deployed if, for instance, the author wants to emphasise important details; likewise, aspects he or she deems irrelevant can be left out. Moreover, questions and issues can be laid out that are difficult or even impossible to portray photographically or cinematically. However, when the cartoon strip sets out its version of information, events, objects and people, it can also result in a distortion of reality. The graphic may not always make clear exactly how something looks or the precise way in which something happened. And even where documentary images exist, the comic strip representation of the non-fictional is always coloured by artistic interpretation.
There is no doubt that factual discourse exists in comics – the kind of communication that intends to be understood as a reference to a shared and actual reality. Factual comics are not, however, common. While the formal structure of comics clearly allows for factuality, the historical specificity of its aesthetics seems to introduce a non-binding but plausible 'drift' of the art form, ultimately pulling away from reality and towards fiction. This does not prevent factual comics, but it allows for subversive remnants in their aesthetic make-up. One of these is a 'parasitic imagination', which might be understood in the context of Michel Serres' concepts of the parasite. It opens up cartoonish depictions for tertiary significations beyond the drawing and its ultimate real reference. Rather than avoid this basic vehicle of comic book discourse, the 'challenge to factual comics' must be how to employ them in the service of the intended communication.
Beyond Illustration
(2017)
Sophisticated science reported on in comics. The once unthinkable is here as comics are being leveraged and enthusiastically welcomed into forums that would have been off limits not long ago. It's an exciting time of change. But in this headlong dash forward, I want to offer a pause for consideration, and suggest that we ask, what are the things that comics do uniquely compared to other forms of representation? And from there, let us explore how we can best take advantage of comics' particular affordances to do with comics things only comics can do.
In October 2015, the Cluster of Excellence 'Image Knowledge Gestaltung. An Interdisciplinary Laboratory' at Humboldt Universität zu Berlin staged a symposium entitled Science meets Comics. Academics from various disciplines converged along with artists from all over the world in order to discuss the future of global nutrition – and the medium of the comic strip as a communication tool for the complex issues in this field. The open two-day symposium was followed by a closed, three-day workshop wherein the artists and cluster members took up the issues raised at the symposium and worked on possible directions for the future.
Immer häufiger finden verschiedenste Formen von Infografiken Einzug in Comics aller Couleur. Mit Rückgriff auf bildwissenschaftliche Grundbegriffe wird anhand zweier aktueller Beispiele nach einem Minimalkriterium dafür gefragt, was den Unterschied von einem Piktogramm zu einer Comic-Darstellung ausmachen könnte: Angenommen wird eine wechselseitige Bedingtheit von visueller Kontextbildung zur Individuation von Personen und Objekten. Es wird gezeigt, wie diese verschiedenen medialen Semantiken innerhalb des Comic-Vokabulars auf zwei unterschiedliche Weisen interagieren können.