Archive for lichenology
The "Archive for Lichenology" is a "paperless journal" which is published on the internet as pdf files and provides contributions on all fields of lichenology.
(Das "Archive for Lichenology" ist eine "papierlose" Zeitschrift, die in Form von PDF-Dateien im Internet publiziert wird und Beiträge zu allen Teilgebieten der Flechtenkunde (Lichenologie) umfasst. Die Reihe wird durch Felix Schumm herausgegeben und hat die ISSN 1868-4173.)
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In den Jahren 2006-2007 wurde die epiphytische Flechtenflora im Nordbezirk Moskaus erneut untersucht, um sie mit den Ergebnissen aus den Untersuchungen der Jahre 1988-1991 zu vergleichen. Statt 18 konnten nun 55 Flechtenarten nachgewiesen werden. Als Hauptursache für diese Zunahme wird die erhöhte Eutrophierung der Standorte angenommen.
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Der Index verzeichnet Bildtafeln aus folgenden Büchern: Schumm (2008) - Flechten Madeiras, der Kanaren und Azoren; Schumm & Aptroot (2010) - Seychelles Lichen Guide; Schumm (2011) - Kalkflechten der Schäbischen Alb - ein mikroskopisch anatomischer Atlas; Aptroot & Schumm (2011) - Fruticose Roccellaceae - an anatomical-microscopical Atlas and Guide with a worldwide Key and further Notes on some crustose Roccellaceae or similar Lichens; und Schumm & Aptroot (2012) - A microscopical Atlas of some tropical Lichens from SE-Asia (Thailand, Cambodia, Philippines, Vietnam), Volume 1 and Volume 2.
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The amino acid content (alanine/arginine, glutamine, proline, taurine) of five different lichen species (Evernia prunastri, Hypogymnia physodes, Parmelia sulcata, Physcia adscendens, Xanthoria parietina) from different parts of Germany and NW France with different atmospheric nitrogen depositions was determined.
The study revealed that the so called nitrophytic lichen species (Physcia adscendens, Xanthoria parietina) had no higher amino acid contents as compared with the other species. The amino acid contents of five different lichen species from the same tree varied without regard to the nitrophily of the species. The contents of amino acids of the lichen species studied from Bonn is four to twelve times higher as in the same species in the Vosges Mountains, France. The amount of amino acids in nitrophytic species (Xanthoria parietina, Physcia adscendens) from a region with high load of atmospheric nitrogen (35 kg/y/ha) is in average 5 times higher than in the same species from a region with low nitrogen immission (16 kg/y/ha).
It can be concluded that the amino acid contents of lichens reflects the atmospheric nitrogen load and that the amino acid content of so called nitrophytic lichen species is not higher as in other species, that lichens are passive sampler and take up the available nitrogen but make no use of it but store it as amino acids. On the other hand, the conductivity of the cell liquid (as a measure of the osmotic pressure) of nitrophytic lichen species is higher as compared with non-nitrophytic species. Thus the “nitrophily” of these species is presumably not based upon the facility to higher nitrogen uptake but osmotic tolerance against the salt effects of nitrogen compounds. Within nitrophytic species, the osmotic values of Phaeophyscia orbicularis are double as high as those from Physcia adscendens, which is explained by the higher tolerance of Phaeophyscia against dry deposition. The higher osmotic values of nitrophilous lichen species lead to the conclusion that they are also drought resistant species and occur in regions with low humidity where they are more competitive than other lichen species.
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Index zu den Bildtafeln in folgenden Büchern: F. Schumm (2008): Flechten Madeiras, der Kanaren und Azoren.- 1-294, ISBN 978-300-023700-3; F. Schumm & A. Aptroot (2010): Seychelles Lichen Guide. - 1-404, ISBN 978-3-00-030254-1; F. Schumm (2011): Kalkflechten der Schäbischen Alb - ein mikroskopisch anatomischer Atlas. - 1-410, ISBN 978-3-8448-7365-8 ; A. Aptroot & F. Schumm (2011): Fruticose Roccellaceae - an anatomical-microscopical Atlas and Guide with a worldwide Key and further Notes on some crustose Roccellaceae or similar Lichens. - 1- 374, ISBN 978-3-033689-8; F. Schumm & A Aptroot (2012): A microscopical Atlas of some tropical Lichens from SE-Asia (Thailand, Cambodia, Philippines, Vietnam). - Volume 1: 1-455 (Anisomeridium-Lobaria), ISBN 978-3-8448-9258-1, Volume 2: 456-881 (Malmidea -Trypethelium). ISBN 978-3-8448-9259-9; F. Schumm & A. Aptroot (2013): Flechten Madeiras, der Kanaren und Azoren – Band 2 (Ergänzungsband): 1-457, ISBN 978-3-7322-7480-2; F. Schumm & J.A. Elix (2014): Images from Lichenes Australasici Exsiccati and of other characteristic Australasian Lichens – Volume 1: 1-665, ISBN 978-3-7386-8386-9; Volume 2: 666-1327, ISBN 978-3-7386-
8387-5
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Fascicle XV of the exsiccate "K. KALB: LICHENES NEOTROPICI" with 27 lichen specimens (No. 601–627) from Mexico, South and Central America, Africa and Australia is distributed.
Corrected schedae are presented for numbers 231 Malmidea polycampia (Tuck.) Kalb & Lücking (distributed as "Lecanora" soredifera Fée), 495 Gyalolechia stipitata (Wetmore) Søchting & al. (distributed as Caloplaca californica Zahlbr.) and 570 Ramboldia aurea (Kalb & Elix) Kalb, Lumbsch & Elix (distributed as Pyrrhospora aurea Kalb & Elix) with revised chemistry.
Fellhanera laeticolor (Malme) Kalb is a new combination.
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Fascicle XVI of the exsiccate "K. KALB & A. APTROOT: LICHENES NEOTROPICI" (new name for "K. KALB: LICHENES NEOTROPIC" from fascicle XVI onwards) with 23 lichen specimens (No. 628–650) from Brazil, Chile, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Kenya, Peru and Venezuela is distributed. Three species are described as new, namely Lopadium subcoralloideum Aptroot & Kalb, Lecanactis caceresiana Kalb & Aptroot and Rhizocarpon sipmanianum Kalb & Aptroot. The holotypes of the new species are deposited at Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS). Range extensions are reported for Hypocenomyce tinderreyensis (new to the Neo-tropics; so far only known from Australia, but apparently austral), Ocellularia baorucensis (new to Brazil), Physcidia striata (recently described from Rondônia and the Venezuelean Amazon, and subsequently reported from Amapá and Brazilian Amazonas. The collection from Brazil/Mato Grosso do Sul represents a major range extension to the South), Tephromela campestricola (new to the Neotropics; not different in any way from European material) and Xanthoparmelia arvidssonii (new to Venezuela).
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New or otherwise interesting lichens. VII, including a world key to the lichen genus Heiomasia
(2020)
Eight species new to science are described, Allographa grandis from Cameroon which is distinguished by its very large ascomata, richly muriform, large ascospores and an inspersed hymenium (type B); Bapalmuia microspora from Malaysia which differs from B. consanguinea in having shorter and broader ascospores and a granular thallus; Diorygma cameroonense from Cameroon which differs from D. sticticum in having larger ascospores with more septa; Glyphis frischiana which is similar to G. atrofusca but differs in producing secondary lichen compounds, the first species in Glyphis in doing so. Two new species are added to the genus Heiomasia, viz. H. annamariae from Malaysia, which differs from H. sipmanii in producing the stictic acid aggr. and H. siamensis from Thailand, distinguished from H. sipmanii in containing hypoprotocetraric acid as a major metabolite. The published chemistry of several species of Heiomasia is revised and a new substance, heiomaseic acid, with relative Rf-values 5/19/8, is demonstrated for H. seaveyorum, H. siamensis and H. sipmanii. A world-wide key to the known species of Heiomasia is presented. Myriotrema squamiferum, a fertile species from Malaysia, is distinguished from M. frondosolucens by lacking lichexanthone. As there are conflicting literature data concerning Ocellularia crocea, the type specimen was investigated and the results are reported. Ocellularia macrocrocea, a related species from Malaysia, differs from O. rubropolydiscus in lacking the red pigment covering the disc of the ascomata and in having a broad stump-shaped columella. A revised chemistry for Ocellularia tanii, a new record for Sarawak, is also given. A table of Rfvalues and scans of relevant TLC runs facilitate the interpretation of the spots occurring on TLC plates of Graphidaceae.
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Nine species of Graphidaceae are described as new to science from South and Central Brazil, in 7 different genera: Acanthothecis normuralis, A. psoromica, Acanthotrema minus, Aggregatorygma submuriforme, Allographa medioinspersa, Diorygma isidiolichexanthonicum, Fissurina excavatisorediosa, Graphis norsorediata, and Graphis tricolor.
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Eleven species of lichens are described as new from the Serra do Bodoquena in Mato Grosso do Sul (Brazil): Alyxoria cyanea, Astrothelium ochraceum, Chiodecton xanthonosorediatum, Gyalecta perithecioidea, Gyalecta uniseptata, Pyrenula rubroacutispora, Ramonia xylophila, Synarthonia xanthosarcographoides, Trypethelium aureornatum, Trypethelium endoflavum, and Trypethelium xanthostiolornatum. Around 400 further species are reported, of which 27 are first records for Brazil and 265 are first records for the state.
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Eight new lichen species are described from South America, Malaysia and Thailand, viz. Chapsa canaimae from Venezuela, which differs from C. alborosella in having distictly smaller ascospores with less septa, Dirinaria hypoleuca from Thailand, which differs from the isidiate D. papillulifera in having a whitish lower surface, Myriotrema robertianum from Brazil, which differs from M. viride in having an inspersed hymenium, Myriotrema subzollingeri from Brazil, which differs from M. glauculum in having brown ascospores, Ocellularia jutaratiae from Brazil, which differs from O. crocea in having ascomata with a fissured margin, Ocellularia subnatashae from Brazil, which differs from O. natashae in lacking hirtifructic and conhirtifructic acids and in having smaller and less sepatate ascospores, Redingeria uniseptata from Brazil, which differs from R. vulcani in having smaller and 1-septate ascospores, Thalloloma intermedium from Brazil, which differs from T. anguiniforme in having smaller ascospores. Chapsa pulchella from Malaysia is a new record for Borneo and the first finding after its description, and Redonographa parvispora from Brasil is a new addition to the lichen biota of this country. All species mentioned are described and illustrated with close-up photographs.
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Since 2015, 90 taxa of lichens and 18 lichenicolous fungi have been recorded from Turkey for the first time. Further 707 taxa are new to one or more provinces. In this paper 2 species are new to Turkey. A list of 82 published papers is also provided as a supplement to the bibliography of the 2017 Checklist (John & Türk (2017) of Turkish Lichens.
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The Pantanal is a wetland biome in the interior of Brazil. It is known for its rich macrofauna. Botanically, it is relatively species poor, although the marshes have trees and shrubs throughout and there are occasional forested, even somewhat rocky hills. Lichens have received only scant attention so far, but the area is not very species rich (Canêz et al. 2020). We visited the Pantanal several times and collected in different areas. Here we describe four new species, one of which is locally the most common macrolichen, which was found on places elsewhere in the state and in the bordering state of Mato Grosso as well.
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Four new Astrothelium species and a Mazaediothecium from Várzea areas in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
(2020)
Five species of lichens are described as new from Várzea areas in Mato Grosso do Sul (Brazil): Astrothelium fernandae, A. pseudodermatodes, A. septoconicum, A. xanthopseudocyphellatum, and Mazaediothecium serendipiticum, the latter being deviating from all other species in its order by the at least morphologically chlorococcoid photobiont. Further, we found 226 identifiable species in the Várzea reserve near Jateí and 47 on a farm near Naviraí. Of these, 15 are new records for Brazil and a further 88 are first reports from the state.
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Ten species of the lichen family Graphidaceae are treated in the ninth contribution to this series. Four species are new to science: Allographa cameroonensis Kalb & Schumm from Cameroon differs from A. grandis in having larger ascospores and in the lack of secondary lichen products. Allographa kuetchangiana Kalb & Schumm from Thailand differs from A. mexicana in having a permanent thalline cover of the ascomata and in having a whitish pruina on their top. Cruentotrema siamense Lücking & Kalb from Thailand differs from C. amazonum in having smaller ascomata and smaller ascospores. Ocellularia striata Kalb & Schumm from Thailand differs from O. jutaratiae in having smaller ascospores and in lacking the purplish, K+ greenish pigment which covers the remnants of the split proper exciple. Rhabdodiscus exutus (Hale) Kalb & Schumm is a new combination (Bas.: Ocellularia exuta Hale). Photographs of Allographa mexicana (Hale) Lücking & Kalb (including an isotype) show the variation of the ascomata and the differences to A. kuetchangiana. Allographa isidiata (Hale) Lücking & Kalb is reported from Ecuador, which is a new addition to the lichenobiota of this country and the second finding of this species after its description. Allographa plagiocarpa (Fée) Lücking & Kalb, before misidentified as A. mexicana, from Cartago Province is the second report of this species from Costa Rica. The chemistry of Ocellularia kohphanganensis Papong, Mangold & Lücking and the exact spelling of the specific epithet are corrected. Ocellularia macrocrocea Kalb is a new addition to the lichenobiota of Thailand where it is sometimes growing together with O. striata. The intraspecific variation of Ocellularia thelotremoides (Leight.) Hale ist discussed and the name is put on the correct place of the amended key to Thai Ocellularia species. Cochromatography of some Ocellularia species with a deep orange-yellow pigment together with a pure sample of skyrin in solvents A, B' and C showed identical Rf-values in all three solvent systems.
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Six species of lichens are described as new from Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil): Astrothelium aureoirregulare Aptroot & Gumboski, Bogoriella xantholateralis Aptroot, Lecanora umbilicatimmersa Aptroot & Spielmann, Lepra lichexanthonorstictica Aptroot, Megalaria flavosorediata Aptroot and Vainionora sorediata Aptroot. Moreover, 28 further species are reported which are first records for Brazil; and a further 166 are first records for Santa Catarina and 104 for Rio Grande do Sul.
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The species, Bactrospora lamprospora (Nyl.) Lendemer is treated as a synonym of B. metabola (Nyl.) Egea & Torrente. The comparission of characters of all accessible materials and type specimens confirmed that B. lamprospora is conspecific with B. metabola. The distinguishing characters of B. metabola from other species in this group are initially a Homalotropa-type ascospores becomes muriform at maturity, with up to 24–30 transverse septa and ascospore size of 48–105 × 7–14 μm.