Standard reference values of the upper body posture in healthy young female adults in Germany : an observational study
- Objective: Classifications of posture deviations are only possible compared with standard values. However, standard values have been published for healthy male adults but not for female adults. Design: Observational study. Setting: Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main. Participants: 106 healthy female volunteers (21–30 years old; 25.1±2.7 years) were included. Their body weight ranged from 46 to 106 kg (60.3±7.9 kg), the heights from 1.53 to 1.82 m (1.69±0.06 m) and the body mass index from 16.9 kg/m² to 37.6 kg/m² (21.1±2.6 kg/m²). Outcome measures: A three-dimensional back scan was performed to measure the upper back posture in habitual standing. The tolerance ranges and CI were calculated. Group differences were tested by the Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney U test. Results: In normal posture, the spinal column was marginally twisted to the left, and the vertebrae were marginally rotated to the right. The kyphosis angle is larger than the lumbar angle. Consequently, a more kyphotic posture is observed in the sagittal plane. The habitual posture is slightly scoliotic with a rotational component (scapular depression right, right scapula marginally more dorsally, high state of pelvic right, iliac right further rotated anteriorly). Conclusions: Healthy young women have an almost ideally balanced posture with minimal ventral body inclination and a marginal scoliotic deviation. Compared with young males, women show only marginal differences in the upper body posture. These values allow a comparison to other studies, both for control and patient data, and may serve as guideline in both clinical practice and scientific studies.
Author: | Daniela Maren OhlendorfORCiDGND, Vanessa Fisch, Charlotte DoerryGND, Sebastian SchambergerGND, Gerhard OremekORCiDGND, Hanns AckermannGND, Johannes B. SchulzeORCiDGND |
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hebis:30:3-479012 |
DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022236 |
ISSN: | 2044-6055 |
Pubmed Id: | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30082360 |
Parent Title (English): | BMJ open |
Publisher: | BMJ Publishing Group |
Place of publication: | London |
Document Type: | Article |
Language: | English |
Year of Completion: | 2018 |
Date of first Publication: | 2018/08/05 |
Publishing Institution: | Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg |
Release Date: | 2018/10/30 |
Tag: | back scan; body posture; female subjects; standard value |
Volume: | 8 |
Issue: | 8, e022236 |
Page Number: | 7 |
First Page: | 1 |
Last Page: | 7 |
Note: | This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. |
HeBIS-PPN: | 440092752 |
Institutes: | Psychologie und Sportwissenschaften / Sportwissenschaften |
Medizin / Medizin | |
Dewey Decimal Classification: | 6 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften / 61 Medizin und Gesundheit / 610 Medizin und Gesundheit |
Sammlungen: | Universitätspublikationen |
Open-Access-Publikationsfonds: | Medizin |
Licence (English): | Creative Commons - Namensnennung-Nicht kommerziell 4.0 |